土木工程專業(yè)英語

朽木易折，金石可鏤。千里之行，始于足下。第頁/共頁1.荷載短期荷載short-timeload臨界荷載criticalload持續(xù)荷載sustainedloads恒載deadload活載liveload峰值荷載peakload沖擊荷載impactload2.專業(yè)名詞力矩面等橫截面crosssection隔離體afreebody軸力axialforces帶肩梁ledgerbeam正應(yīng)力thenormalstress剪應(yīng)力theshearstress固定鉸支座apinsupport可動(dòng)鉸支座arollersupport平面內(nèi)彎矩in-planebending平面外彎矩out-of-planebending簡支梁asimplebeam懸臂梁acantileverbeam分布力distributedload均布力uniformlydistributedload靜定結(jié)構(gòu)staticallydeterminatestructure超靜定結(jié)構(gòu)staticallyindeterminatestructure角焊縫filletweld對(duì)接焊縫grooveweld外緣outeredges中性軸theneutralaxis形心矩centroidaldistance沙石混凝土sand-and-stoneconcrete預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土prestressedconcrete復(fù)合應(yīng)力combinedstress極限應(yīng)變limitingtensilestrain平均正應(yīng)力meannormalstress名義抗剪強(qiáng)度nominalshearstrength慣性力inertiaforce地震作用seismicaction廣義位移generalizeddisplacement扭矩torsion預(yù)加應(yīng)力prestress托梁corbel3.材料平面頂deck屋面防水層waterproofroofing金屬箔層壓板foil-laminated鋼筋steel涂料paint木條板lath灰泥plaster楔子wedge基礎(chǔ)footing橫向鋼筋transversereinforcement縱筋longitudinalreinforcement彎起縱筋bent-uplongitudinalsteel單向板one-wayslabs腹筋thewebsteel樓梯踏步stairtread頂棚抹灰plasteredceilings承重墻bearingwall輕質(zhì)幕墻lightweightcurtainwalls桁架truss構(gòu)件member谷倉grainelevator橋墩bridgepier大型結(jié)構(gòu)heavystructure梯井stairshaft高層寫字樓high-riseoffice預(yù)埋構(gòu)件metalinsert作業(yè)平臺(tái)workplatform企口木板tongue-and-grooveplank施工架constructedyoke走道腳手架awalkwayscaffold鉛垂線theplumbline噴霧器fogsprays型鋼structuralsteel剪力墻shearwall平板flatslab合成薄板syntheticfilm防護(hù)墻板e(cuò)ndosingwallpanels人字起重機(jī)derrickcrane衛(wèi)生間設(shè)施bathroomgroups服務(wù)豎井theserviceshaft隔氣層vaporbarriers隔熱層insulation結(jié)露點(diǎn)dewpoint空心板hollowplank豎向剪力墻shear-resistantverticalwall預(yù)制構(gòu)件precastmember隔板wallpanel4.其他1應(yīng)力等值線astresscontour數(shù)值分析numericalanalysis懸索基礎(chǔ)cablestructures實(shí)驗(yàn)研究experimentalinvestigation超靜定次數(shù)degreeofstaticalindeterminaly疊加法methodofsuperposition基本結(jié)構(gòu)releasedstructure高跨比span-depthratio彎矩圖bendingmomentdiagram附著deposit彈性模量modulusofelasticity水化hydrate硬化harden變量variables環(huán)境相對(duì)濕度ambientrelativehumidity蒸發(fā)evaporate定向立方體單元orientedelementarycube初步結(jié)論tentativeconclusion斜向拉力diagonaltension微分長度單元adifferentiallength應(yīng)力跡線stresstrajectory骨料咬合作用aggregateinterlock銷栓作用dowelaction延性ductility扭轉(zhuǎn)力偶twistingcouple力臂leverarm分?jǐn)?shù)fraction取代inlieuof地震高發(fā)區(qū)zonesofhighearthquakeprobability平立面inplanelevation平動(dòng)translation轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)rotation凹部depressions凸起projection凸口recess在現(xiàn)場onthesite誤差error通用規(guī)范applicablecodes滑模施工slipformoperations養(yǎng)護(hù)care錨固beanchoredin撓度deflection5.其他2側(cè)向支持swaybracing先張法pretensioningtechnique后張法posttensioningtechnique安全系數(shù)safetyfactor安全儲(chǔ)備marginofsafety附屬cust-infittings防火等級(jí)fireratings不勻稱沉降differentialsettlement深基礎(chǔ)deepfoundation擴(kuò)展式基礎(chǔ)spreadfoundation符合基礎(chǔ)combinedfootings條形基礎(chǔ)strapfootings垂直于atrightanglesto類似于analogousto單位力法unit-loadmethod大小相等方向相反beequalinmagnitudeandoppositeindirection靜力平衡方程equationsofstaticequilibrium與……有關(guān)pertainto求合力fromasummationofforce一組聯(lián)立方程asetofsimultaneousequations協(xié)調(diào)方程equationsofcompatibility經(jīng)驗(yàn)方程empiricalequation大一個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)anorderofmagnitudelonger第二面積積分thesecondmoment-areathorea·bdotproducta