河北省張家口市宣化一中2020-2021學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷

20202021學(xué)年上學(xué)期宣化一中高二英語期末試卷一、單選題（本大題共5小題，共5.0分）One's_______ofliteraturelargelydependsonone'slevelofart.????????（）A.assumption B.application C.appreciation D.advocationTony,Ihavebeenoutofjobformonthsandfeelboredandblue.

Well,youmayetohelpmeinthepany；_______，youmaytrysomevoluntarywork.?????（）A.eventually B.alternatively C.primitively D.additionallyIt'samazingthatyouroldcar,sobrokenandshabby,shouldhave_______40，000yuan.（）A.fetched B.ensured C.obtained D.guaranteedBetty,canyoumakemeacupofcoffee？

OK，butoursugarhasrunout.Youhaveto_______?．（）A.doout B.dowithout C.doup D.doawayMarioGomez,the33yearGermanforward,announcedhisdecisiontodropoutofthenationalteam_______youngerplayers.?????????????（）A.inneedof B.inpraiseof C.inplaceof D.infavorof二、選詞填空句子（本大題共5小題，共5.0分）Withhislessons______（finish）fortheday,theboysankbackinthechairwithrelief.Theoldlady,______（fail）thedrivingtestthreetimes,finallyquitthetrainingcourse.Bruceisadoredbyhisteachers,forheisalwaysthefirst______（hand）inhishomework.Hadthelibrariannotpreservedthepreciousphotos,we______（know）nothingaboutthisperiodofhistorynow.Itismosturgentthatfoodandclothing______（deliver）tothevictimsoftheearthquake.三、閱讀理解（本大題共10小題，共25.0分）AFOUROFTHEWORLD'SHAPPIESTCITIESDanBuettnersetouttofindthehappiestplacesonearth,andhethinkshe'sdiscoveredfouronfourdifferentcontinents.Ifyou'relookingforacheerydestinationforyournextvacation,considerthesefourspots.

SingaporeBeingoneofthemostcrowdedcitiesintheworldandcitizensknownforbeingworkaholics,it'shardtoimagineSingaporehavingoneofthehappiestpopulationsonearth.Andyetinarecentsurvey,95%ofthemsaidtheywereveryhappy.Theygivetheircityhighmarksforcleanlinessandsafetysubwaysareneatandunfailinglyarriveontime,andpoliceareseenashelpfulandgoodattheirjobs.What'smore,theyfeeltheycancountontheirneighbors.

?rhus,DenmarkTheresidentsof?rhuscheerfullypay68%oftheirineintaxes,knowingthatinreturntheywillbeguaranteedfreehealthcare,freedaycare,andatopeducationfortheirchildren.Acityof300??????????????????????????，000withanexcitingculturalscene,thesenseofmunityandequality,aswellaseasyaccesstothenearbyseaandsurroundingcountryside,make?rhusseemmorelikeasmalltown.

SanLuisObispo,CAPeopleofSanLuisObispoaremorelikelythanresidentsofotherU????????????．S．citiestosmileandexperiencejoyandarelesslikelytoexperiencepainordepression.Some64??????????????，000ofthe260?，000peoplevolunteeratover11???，000nonprofitorganizations."Quickaccessmakesiteasytobeinvolved,"residentPierreRademakertoldBuettner.

Monterrey,MexicoUnlikeSanLuisObispans,thepeopleofMonterreydon'tenjoyhighhousehold??????????（家庭）inesoraccesstogoodhealthcare.Instead,withtheirfaithinGodandfamily,theyareabletotoughitoutthroughbadtimes."Welaughatsickness,povertyandevendeath,"saysBasanez."Weevenhaveaholidaytocelebratedeath.November2??????????????????????????????????，theDayoftheDead,isoneofthebiggestholidaysoftheyear."Whenyouwanttogetclosetonatureoutsidethecity,whichoneisyourbestchoice???????????????？______A.Singapore B.?rhus

C.SanLuisObispo D.MonterreyIfyougosightinginMonterrey,youmaybeimpressedthatpeople______．A.therearehardworking

B.thereneversavemoney

C.arehappybecauseothersdie

D.areoptimisticevenindifficultyInwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?????????？______A.Nature B.Entertainment C.Travel D.EducationBRichardHolmes,aBritishauthorandacademic,issomethingofaRomantic,famousforbiographiesofPercyByssheShelleyandSamuelTaylorColeridge.Inhislastbook,"TheAgeofWonder"?????????????????????????，hewroteaboutscienceandRomanticismandtheirmonmitmenttodiscovery.Inhisnewbook,"FallingUpwards"???????????????，hebinesthetwoagaintotellthestoriesofEurope'searlyballoonists????????????（氣球飛行者）．

MrHolmes'sloveofballoonswasarousedatavillagefestivalandhisenthusiasmisoneofthebook'smanypleasures.Hereferstothecheerfultoneusedinmanyfirsthandballooningstories,andappliesitinthissecondhandaccount.Hedescribesmenandwomenwrappedupinfurcoatsundertheirhydrogenfilledballoons,enjoyingcoldchickenandchampagneandlookingbacktoearthtoseemankind"forwhatitreallyis."

MrHolmesmakesmuchofthestrangesideofballooning,butthebookisatitsbestwhenexaminingitsmoreseriousapplications.IntheAmericancivilwar,forexample,bothNorthandSouthputobserversinballoonstospyonenemymovements.AndduringthePrussianattackonParisin187071??????????????????????????????????????????????，balloonistsmanagedtoflyoutofthecitytomunicatewiththeFrenchgovernmentinexile???????????????（流亡）inTours.

"FallingUpwards"containsmuchofthehistorian'swritingcharacteristics,suchasfootnotesandbibliography????????????（文獻(xiàn)書目），butitsepilogue??（后記）refersmodestlytowhathasgonebeforeas"aseriesoftrueballoonstories"????????????．Itdoestouchonthemoretechnicalaspectsofballooning,andsayslittleabouttheFrenchMontgolfierbrotherswhoarecreditedasitsinventors.Thatthoughseemsasmallpricetopayforsuchaspiritedwork.MrHolmes'staleendsatthestartofthe20thcenturywhenthebusinessofflightwasbeinghandedovertotheairshipandtheairplane.Inhisbook"FallingUpwards"???，RichardHolmes______．A.usesthesimilarwritingstyleof"TheAgeofWonder"

B.describeshowpeoplecelebratedavillagefestival

C.givesfirsthandaccountsofEurope'searlyballoonists

D.discussesballoonsusedinwarinaserioustoneThehighlightofFallingUpwardsliesin______．A.itsvividdescriptionsofballoonists'life

B.itsanalysesoftheserioususesofballoons

C.itsreferencetomanyhistoricalresources

D.itsresearchontheballooningtechnologyWhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4mean??????？______A.FallingUpwardsisaninspiringbookbutitspriceisalittlehigh.

B.Topletethebook,HolmesreceivedMontgolfierbrothers'financialaid.

C.Itisapitythatthebookdoesn'tintroduceMontgolfierbrothersindetail.

D.Itactuallydidn'ttakeHolmesmuchworktowritesuchagoodbook.CChinastilldumpsmostofthegarbageitgeneratesinlandfills,whichcouldpollutesoil,waterandair.Today,ChinaisfacingaproblemsimilartotheoneJapanfacedinthe1970s,especiallyinitscoastalcitieswhichhavearelativelyhigheconomicgrowthrateandalargepopulationbutparativelylimitedlandspace,resultinginseriousenvironmentalpollution.

Chinahasjuststarteditsgarbagesortingjourney,anditwilltaketimeforthepeopletomakeitahabitofsortinggarbageatsource.

ShanghaiisamongChina'sfirstcitiestointroducegarbageclassificationandalsothecountry'smostseriousinitsperforming.SinceJuly1????????????????????，2019，Shanghairesidentshavebeenrequiredbylawtosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories,ortheycouldfacefines.Individuals,includingtourists,canbefinedupto200yuanforfailingtosorttheirwasteproperly,whilepaniesandinstitutionscanbefinedupto50?????????????????????????????????????，000yuan.

Thecitygovernmenthassetuponlineappstohandlesortingquestions,andannouncedguidelinestoaddressthe"onesizefitsall"method.Thecountryisabouttoinvestover21millionyuanintheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilitiestomeetdemands.

FollowingShanghai,Beijingisalsopushingaheadwithgarbagesortinglegislation??????????（立法）inthecontinualnationalactiontogetallofChinasortinggarbage.Notforcedyet,theChinesecapitalisalreadycarryingoutgarbagesortinginmorethan200residentialmunitiesandit'stryingtogetmoreresidentsonboardbymakingthesystemsmarter.Nowit'sintroducingartificialintelligenceintoitswastemanagementsystem,bysettinguplittlecamerasinmanysetsofbins.

However,noteveryfacecanberecognizedbythesmartdustbinuntilyouregister?????????????（注冊(cè)）forthesystem.Onceregistrationisplete,userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,whichthenopensituptoallowforgarbagedisposal??????????????????????（處理）．Now,eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodeforthrowingoutwaste.Here,theintelligentbinsdon'tjustcalculategarbageweight,theyalsohelpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.

Chinawelestheageofpulsorygarbagesortingwithitscitiesrevisinglawsongarbageclassification.ForShanghai,sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedtoimplementgarbagesortingbytheendofthisyear,and90percentby2020????????．Garbagesortingis,withoutdoubt,acostlybutworthwhilemitment.Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandessentialforthecountry'slongtermdevelopment,andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.Whatisthecorrectorderinusingsmartgarbagesortingsystem??????????？______

①Gainrewards

②Openupthebin

③Registerforthesystem

④ScanaQRcodeonthebinA.④②③① B.③④②① C.②④③① D.④③②①Whatdoestheunderlinedword"implement"inthelastparagraphmean????????？______A.engage B.enforce C.emphasize D.encourageWhatcanbeinferredfromthetext??????？______A.Iftouristsforgettosorttheirwasteproperly,theywillbefined200yuan.

B.ResidentsinBeijinghavetosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories.

C.Theintelligentgarbagebinscanonlyshowgarbageweight.

D.Garbagesortingcanalsobeeaprofitablebusinessinfuture.Whydoesourcountrypushaheadwithpulsorygarbagesorting?????????？______A.Topromoteecofriendlylifestyle.

B.Tobuildagarbagesortingsystem.

C.Toincreasetheuseofartificialintelligence.

D.Tosupporttheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilities.四、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）GoldenRulesofGoodDesignWhatmakesgooddesign????？Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingtocapturetheessentialsofgooddesign.(1)Therearefourasfollows.

Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGermanbornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance.(2)Designshouldavoidunnecessarydecorations.

?(3)TheAmericanbornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,theresultissoullessdesign.PostModernistdesignersbegantoexperimentwithdecorationandcoloragain.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchenappliancesuchasovensandkettles.

Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct'sfunction,purpose,shape,form,color,andsoon.(4)Forexample,thinkofanadjustabledesklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Italsoneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedstodirectlightwhereitisneeded.

Formfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger.

?(5)Theseareasimportantasrational?????（理性的）．Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacoollookingdevicethatallowsustoeasilysqueeze????????????????（擠）thetoothpasteontoourbrush.A．Beautyisajoyforever.

B．Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.

C．Andtheaimofthedesigneristocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.

D．Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatisintended.

E．Moreisnotabore.

F．Accordingtohim,passionandmitmentaretwoelementsessentialtoasuccessfuldesigner.

G．Hebelievesdesignmusttakeintoaccountthesensorysideofournaturesight,smell,touchandtaste.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G五、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）Afieldofflowersopensmyeyestotheworldofthepossible.Itwasacold,rainyday,andIhadnodesiretodrive(26)thewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn'shousethroughfogthat(27)likeveils?（面紗）．Butshehad(28)thatIetoseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.

AssoonasIarrived,mydaughter(29)drovemethereevenbeforethefoglifted.AfterweturnedacornerandstoppedandIgasped???????????????（吸氣）in(30)．Onthesideofthemountain,forseveralacresacrossvalleys,(31)riversofdaffodils??（水仙花）infullbloom.Sheetsofcolorsfromthepalestwhitetothedeepestyellowshinedlikea(32)beforeus.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedover?????????（傾倒）and(33)golddownthemountainside.

Questions(34)mymind.Who(35)suchbeauty?？Why？How？

Asweapproachedthehousethatstoodinthecenterofthe(36)，wesawasignthat(37)："AnswerstotheQuestionsIKnowYouAreAsking."Thefirstanswerwas???????????："OneWomanTwoHands,TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain."Thesecondwas????????："One(38)．"Thethird?："(39)in（1958）．"

Aswedrovehome,Iwasso(40)bywhatwehadseenthatIcould(41)speak."Shechangedtheworld,"Ifinallysaid,"onebulb??????（球莖）eachtime.Shestartedalmost60yearsago,butshe(42)it.""Imagine,"Isaid,"ifI'dhadanideaand(43)it,alittlebiteveryday,whatmightIhave(44)？"

Carolynlookedatme,smiling."Starttomorrow,"shesaid.

"Better(45)，starttoday,"Ireplied.

A.beyond B.up C.across D.through

A.varied B.lifted C.hung D.rolled

A.insisted B.ensured C.hoped D.noted

A.effortlessly B.positively C.pletely D.eagerly

A.amusement B.relief

C.disappointment D.amazement

A.lay B.expanded C.stood D.wandered

A.star B.bonfire C.carpet D.scene

A.sought B.poured C.knocked D.buried

A.appeared B.filled C.flashed D.sprang

A.discovered B.predicted C.created D.hid

A.plain B.property C.shelter D.fog

A.read B.signaled C.printed D.indicated

A.atatime B.atnotime C.atonetime D.innotime

A.Founded B.Started C.Attained D.Designed

A.confused B.amused C.entertained D.moved

A.hardly B.occasionally C.simply D.initially

A.stuckto B.contributedto

C.tookto D.turnedto

A.pushedfor B.wentthrough C.tookon D.workedat

A.advocated B.acplished C.expected D.promoted

A.ever B.never C.yet D.regardless六、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）TerryMcLaughlinisoneoftheathletictrainersforBrynMawrCollege'ssportsteams,andhisjobisbynomeanssimple.

"FromMondaytoSaturday,I(1)（start）workateleveno'clockinthemorningbyhandlingsomepaperwork,suchasathletes'injuryreports,"saidMcLaughlin.Then,intheearlyafternoons,athletesfromdifferentteamswalkinandoutofhisofficeforvariousreasons.Somearehurtbecauseofoveruseinjuries????????????????????????????????????；(2)havetwistedanklesorotherminorinjuriesthatneedtobebandaged.

"Ataroundsix,whenathletesfinishtheirtrainingpractice,Iofferthemicepackstohelpthemrelaxtheirmuscles,"saidMcLaughlin.Thisisusuallythepeakhouroftheathletictrainer'sday,(3)willnotenduntilsevenatnight.Hisjobrequireshimtobehardworkingandflexible.

Asoneofonlytwoexpertsonsportsmedicineoncampus,McLaughlinhasacquiredknowledgeandexperienceinsports,(4)（range）fromsoccerandbadmintontoswimmingandrowing.Eventhoughtoughdecisionshavetobemadeand(5)maybehardtoidentifytherootsofathletesinjuries,McLaughlinloveshisjob(6)（enthusiastic）．

"Wetryourbesttohelptheathletes.Thisis(7)wedo,"hesaid."Asanathletictrainer,youhavetobeespeciallyattentiveand(8)（patience）whenyouarelisteningtotheinjuredathletes.fortingwordseinhandyforthepatients."

Ontopofhistightdailyschedule,McLaughlinoftengoesextramilestohelpathletes."Iwouldeventravelwiththeteamstovarious(9)（pete）everyyear.Thepersonalconnections(10)（develop）withcoachesandathletesarewhatIhavedeeplytreasured,"hesaid."Themostrewardingpartofmyjobistoseeinjuredathletesreturntotheirsports,achievetheirpersonalbestsandwin."七、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共30.0分）假設(shè)你是李華，你校講舉辦校園藝術(shù)節(jié)．請(qǐng)寫封郵件邀請(qǐng)外籍教師Chris做一個(gè)關(guān)于單口喜?。╯tandupedy?）的講座．內(nèi)容包括：

（1）講座的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；

（2）講座的主要內(nèi)容．

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)80左右；

（2）可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

（3）開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)．

DearChris,

Howiseverythinggoing？___________________________________．

Thankyouforyourtime.

Yours,

LiHua閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要．

Peoplehaveaplicatedrelationshipwithfailure.Whilethebasicideaoflearningfromfailureissupportedbyevidence,mostpeoplefearitfortheirkids.Noparentwantstoseetheirchildrenfail.Failinghurts.ItishardtoseeyourdaughterpourherheartintostudyingforaMathtest,onlytogetaC???????????????????????????????????????????????????．Youwantyourchildrentosucceed,butmostofallyoudon'twanttoseethemsuffer.

Theworldoftenseeschildrenasareflectionoftheirparents.Themonbeliefisthatwhenyourteenfails,itreflectspoorlyonyou.Noonewantstobejudged.Asaresult,parentsslowlytakeovertheresponsibilityof"managing"academics,athleticsandrelationshipstopreventfailureandpain.

Butfailureisapartofgrowing.Eventhoughyouhavethebestintentions,youhavetoletyourkidsfail.Teachingyourchildrenaboutfailurechangesyourrelationshipfroma"Responsiblefor"mindset?????????????????????????????（心態(tài)）tooneof"Responsibleto."Ratherthanfeelingresponsibleforyourdaughterandheractions,youfeelresponsibletoteachandletherdealwiththesituation.

Feeling"responsiblefor"children'sactionscanleadtoparentsoverpensating（過度補(bǔ)償）forrealorpotentialweaknesses.Skillslikeconflictsolution,problemsolvinganddealingwithauthorityfiguresareimportantdevelopmentmarkersforteenagers.Whenparentsoverpensateforchildren'sweaknessestheyrobteensofopportunitiestoimprovedevelopmentalskills.

Feeling"responsibleto"teachandguidechildrenallowsparentstocreatespaceforfailureandchallenges.Teenagerscanthenusethisspacetoperfecttheseimportantdevelopmentalskills.Overtime,theweaknessesbeestrengths.Whenyourchildrenfail,youdon'thavetoloweryourstandardsforyourkids,butyoumayhavetochangeexpectations.Remember,whenyoufeelresponsibletogiveyourchildrenmorefreedom,itchangeshowyoudealwithfailure.Failurebeesasteppingstonetosuccessratherthansomethingtobeavoided.20202021學(xué)年上學(xué)期宣化一中高二英語期末試卷答案和解析1.【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞的詞義辨析．根據(jù)句意和備選項(xiàng)可知，使用名詞appreciation,意為欣賞，為不可數(shù)名詞，句意為一個(gè)人對(duì)文學(xué)的鑒賞力取決于他的審美知識(shí)水平．而assumption意為猜測(cè)；application運(yùn)用；advocation支持，擁護(hù)．

故選：C。

一個(gè)人對(duì)文學(xué)的鑒賞力取決于他的審美知識(shí)水平．

本題考查名詞的詞義辨析，考生需在平時(shí)擴(kuò)充自己的詞匯量，結(jié)合句意，做出正確的判斷．

2.【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析．eventually最后；終于；alternatively（引出第二種選擇或可能的建議）要不，或者；primitively最初地；原始地；additionally此外；另外．句意：托尼，我失業(yè)好幾個(gè)月了，覺得無聊透頂．好吧，你可以來公司幫我；或者，你可以嘗試一些志愿工作．

故選：B。

托尼，我失業(yè)好幾個(gè)月了，覺得無聊透頂．

好吧，你可以來公司幫我；或者，你可以嘗試一些志愿工作．

本題考查副詞詞義辨析．在熟知詞語詞義的基礎(chǔ)上，再聯(lián)系句子的語境和句子所表達(dá)的含義，從而選出正確的答案．

3.【答案】A

【解析】答案：A

考查動(dòng)詞的辨析．fetched售得，賣得（某價(jià)）；ensured保證，確保；obtained獲得，贏得；guaranteed保證，擔(dān)保．此處對(duì)應(yīng)的主語是car,A項(xiàng)符合題意．

故選：A。

你那輛破破爛爛的舊車竟然能賣到4萬元，真是太神奇了．

本題考查動(dòng)詞的辨析．熟記所給動(dòng)詞的含義及用法，結(jié)合語境給出正確答案．

4.【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語．doout?裝修；裝飾；dowithout?沒有…也行，沒有…而設(shè)法對(duì)付過去；doup

?扣好；系好；裝飾，打扮；doaway?（with）廢除，去掉；弄死．句意：貝蒂，你能給我煮杯咖啡嗎？好吧，但是我們的糖用完了．你（喝咖啡）只能不加糖了．

故選：B。

貝蒂，你能給我煮杯咖啡嗎？

好吧，但是我們的糖用完了．你（喝咖啡）只能不加糖了．

本題考查動(dòng)詞短語．在高中的學(xué)習(xí)中平時(shí)要多積累動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞固定搭配的用法，考試時(shí)只能憑借記憶力來答題，尤其是單項(xiàng)選擇很難推出某個(gè)搭配的意思，所以平時(shí)的積累記憶是尤其重要的．

5.【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞短語．inneedof??需要；inpraiseof??贊揚(yáng)…；inplaceof??代替；取代；infavorof??有利于，交付給，以…為受益人；贊同，支持．句意：33歲的德國前鋒馬里奧戈麥斯宣布，他決定退出國家隊(duì)，支持年輕球員（的發(fā)展）．

故選：D。

33歲的德國前鋒馬里奧戈麥斯宣布，他決定退出國家隊(duì)，支持年輕球員的發(fā)展．

本題考查介詞短語．介詞短語題一直是高考的熱點(diǎn)之一，它注重考查考生結(jié)合語境準(zhǔn)確選用詞語的能力，由于英語詞匯豐富，考生掌握起來有一定難度，因此平時(shí)應(yīng)注意介詞的積累，理解其含義和用法，再聯(lián)系句子所表述的意思和語境，選出正確答案．

6.【答案】finished

【解析】答案：finished

考查過去分詞．因?yàn)樵趙ith的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，所給的動(dòng)詞finish與其邏輯主語hislessons?是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞形式，finish的過去分詞是finished,故填finished.

今天的課結(jié)束了，男孩松了一口氣坐回了椅子上．

本題考查單詞填空．首先根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系判斷應(yīng)用所給詞的何種詞性進(jìn)行填空，然后用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空．

7.【答案】havingfailed

【解析】答案：havingfailed

考查動(dòng)詞．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所給的詞fail在句中作狀語，因?yàn)樗o的動(dòng)詞fail與其邏輯主語Theoldlady??是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合后面的threetimes,?所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式形式havingfailed,故填havingfailed.

這位老太太三次駕照考試不及格，最后退出了培訓(xùn)班．

本題考查單詞填空．首先根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系判斷應(yīng)用所給詞的何種詞性進(jìn)行填空，然后用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空．

8.【答案】tohand

【解析】答案：tohand

考查動(dòng)詞．根據(jù)空前的序數(shù)詞thefirst可知其后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語，所以填tohand,故填tohand.

布魯斯深受老師的喜愛，因?yàn)樗偸堑谝粋€(gè)交作業(yè)．

本題考查單詞填空．首先根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系判斷應(yīng)用所給詞的何種詞性進(jìn)行填空，然后用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空．

9.【答案】wouldknow

【解析】答案：wouldknow

考查虛擬語氣．根據(jù)從句Hadthelibrariannotpreservedthepreciousphotos,???????可知此處是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，主句應(yīng)用would+動(dòng)詞原形，所以填wouldknow,故填wouldknow.

如果圖書管理員沒有保存這些珍貴的照片，我們現(xiàn)在對(duì)這段歷史一無所知．

本題考查單詞填空．首先根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系判斷應(yīng)用所給詞的何種詞性進(jìn)行填空，然后用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空．

10.【答案】（should）bedelivered

【解析】答案：（should）bedelivered

考查動(dòng)詞．所給的動(dòng)詞deliver與主語foodandclothing??是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合前面的urgent可知從句應(yīng)用（should）bedelivered,故填（should）bedelivered.

向地震災(zāi)民運(yùn)送食物和衣服是最緊迫的．

本題考查單詞填空．首先根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系判斷應(yīng)用所給詞的何種詞性進(jìn)行填空，然后用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空．

11.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】D【小題3】C【解析】1．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二部分Acityof

300??，000

withanexcitingculturalscene,

thesenseofmunityandequality,

aswellaseasyaccesstothenearbyseaandsurroundingcountryside,

make

?rhusseemmorelikeasmalltown.??????????????????????????一個(gè)擁有30萬人口的城市，有著令人興奮的文化景觀，社區(qū)意識(shí)和平等意識(shí)，并且可以輕松到達(dá)附近的海洋和周圍的鄉(xiāng)村，這使奧胡斯看起來更像是一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)．可知，當(dāng)您想與城市外的大自然親近時(shí)，?rhus是您的最佳選擇．故選B．

2．D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)可最后一部分

Instead,

withtheirfaithinGodandfamily,

theyareabletotoughitoutthroughbadtimes.

"Welaughatsickness,

povertyandevendeath,"

saysBasanez.??????????????????????相反，憑著對(duì)上帝和家人的信仰，他們能夠在困難時(shí)期艱難應(yīng)對(duì)．巴薩內(nèi)茲說："我們?yōu)榧膊?，貧窮甚至死亡而笑．"可知，如果您在蒙特雷觀光，你會(huì)對(duì)人們即使遇到困難，也會(huì)感到樂觀印象深刻．故選D．

3．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了世界上最幸福的四個(gè)城市的基本情況．故最可能出現(xiàn)在旅行部分．故選C．

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要介紹了世界上最幸福的四個(gè)城市的基本情況．

考察學(xué)生的推理判斷能力和聯(lián)系上下文的的能力，在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．此類的填空題一定要聯(lián)系上下文，根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容加上自己的理解，再作出正確的判斷

14.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】B【小題3】C【解析】1．A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第一段Inhislastbook,"TheAgeofWonder"，hewroteaboutscienceandRomanticismandtheirmonmitmenttodiscovery.Inhisnewbook,"FallingUpwards"，hebinesthetwoagaintotellthestoriesofEurope'searlyballoonists（氣球飛行者）．在他的最后一本書《奇跡時(shí)代》（TheAgeofWonder）中，他描寫了科學(xué)和浪漫主義以及他們對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的共同承諾．在他的新書《向上墜落》（Fallingup）中，他將兩者結(jié)合起來再次講述歐洲早期氣球手的故事．可知

理查德福爾摩斯在他的《向上墜落》一書中采用了類似于《奇跡時(shí)代》的寫作風(fēng)格；故選A．

2．B．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第三段MrHolmesmakesmuchofthestrangesideofballooning,butthebookisatitsbestwhenexaminingitsmoreseriousapplications.霍姆斯先生對(duì)氣球飛行的奇怪一面做了很多描述，但這本書在研究其更為嚴(yán)肅的應(yīng)用時(shí)處于最佳狀態(tài)．可知《向上墜落》的亮點(diǎn)在于它對(duì)氣球的嚴(yán)重用途的分析；故選B．

3．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)最后一段

Itdoestouchonthemoretechnicalaspectsofballooning,

andsayslittleabouttheFrenchMontgolfierbrotherswhoarecreditedasitsinventors.

Thatthoughseemsasmallpricetopayforsuchaspiritedwork.它確實(shí)觸及了氣球飛行的更多技術(shù)方面，很少提到法國蒙哥菲兄弟，被認(rèn)為是它的發(fā)明者．盡管為這樣一部精力充沛的作品付出的代價(jià)似乎很小．可知

遺憾的是，這本書沒有詳細(xì)介紹蒙哥菲兄弟；故選C．

本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了許多著名作家的故事中都有氣球的身影．

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子．解題時(shí)，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近七的詞），選出最符合語境的句子．

17.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】B【小題3】D【小題4】A【解析】14BBDA

1．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第六段"Onceregistrationisplete,

userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,

whichthenopensituptoallowforgarbagedisposal

????????????????????（處理）．

Now,

eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodeforthrowingoutwaste.

Here,

theintelligentbinsdon'tjustcalculategarbageweight,

theyalsohelpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.?????????????????????????????注冊(cè)完成后，用戶將掃描垃圾桶上的二維碼，然后打開垃圾桶進(jìn)行垃圾處理．現(xiàn)在，每個(gè)家庭都有一個(gè)特殊的二維碼來扔垃圾．在這里，智能垃圾桶不僅可以計(jì)算垃圾的重量，還可以通過這款特殊的app幫助居民通過積分獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)．"．可知使用智能垃圾分類系統(tǒng)的正確順序是：系統(tǒng)注冊(cè)、掃描垃圾桶上的二維碼、打開垃圾桶、獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)．故選B．

2．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第七段"

ForShanghai,

sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedto

implement

garbagesortingbytheendofthisyear,

and

90

percentby

2020????????在上海，60%的城市預(yù)計(jì)將在今年年底前實(shí)施垃圾分類，到2020年將達(dá)到90%"．可知"implement"

意為"執(zhí)行"．故選B．

3．D．推理判斷題．根據(jù)第七段"

Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandessentialforthecountry'slongtermdevelopment,

andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.???????????????????????它有利于環(huán)境，對(duì)國家的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要，并可能最終成為一個(gè)有前途的行業(yè)．"．可知垃圾分類在未來也可以成為一項(xiàng)有利可圖的業(yè)務(wù)．故選D．

4．A．推理判斷題．根據(jù)第七段"

Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandessentialforthecountry'slongtermdevelopment,

andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.???????????????????????它有利于環(huán)境，對(duì)國家的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要，并可能最終成為一個(gè)有前途的行業(yè)．"．可知我國要推行強(qiáng)制垃圾分類是為了提倡環(huán)保生活方式．故選A．

本文是一篇政治經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀，文章主要介紹了中國仍在傾倒垃圾填埋場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生的大部分垃圾，這些垃圾會(huì)污染土壤、水和空氣．今天，中國面臨的問題與上世紀(jì)70年代日本所面臨的問題類似，尤其是沿海城市，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長率較高，人口眾多，但土地空間相對(duì)有限，造成了嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染．

此題主要考查學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力．做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確選擇．在做推理判斷題時(shí)不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

21.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】E【小題4】D【小題5】G【解析】15BCEDG

1．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)前文"Overtheyears,

designersandartistshavebeentryingtocapturetheessentialsofgooddesign.?????????????????多年來，設(shè)計(jì)師和藝術(shù)家一直試圖抓住好的設(shè)計(jì)的本質(zhì)．"．可知此處應(yīng)填"他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一些諺語可以幫助人們理解好的設(shè)計(jì)理念"．故選B．

2．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)前文"

InhisModernistview,

beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance.????????在他的現(xiàn)代主義觀點(diǎn)中，美在于簡(jiǎn)潔和優(yōu)雅．"．可知此處應(yīng)填"設(shè)計(jì)者的目標(biāo)是通過最有效的方法來解決問題"．故選C．

3．E．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)下文"TheAmericanbornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,

theresultissoullessdesign???????????????美國出生的建筑師羅伯特?文丘里（RobertVenturi）總結(jié)說，如果簡(jiǎn)單做得不好，結(jié)果就是沒有靈魂的設(shè)計(jì)"．可知此處應(yīng)填"更多并不令人厭煩"．故選E．

4．D．推理判斷題．根據(jù)前文"

Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct'sfunction,

purpose,

shape,

form,

color,

andsoon??????????成功的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)要考慮產(chǎn)品的功能、用途、形狀、形狀、顏色等"．可知此處應(yīng)填"對(duì)于用戶來說，最重要的結(jié)果是產(chǎn)品達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果"．故選D．

5．G．推理判斷題．根據(jù)下文"Theseareasimportantasrational這些和理性一樣重要"．可知此處應(yīng)填"他認(rèn)為設(shè)計(jì)必須考慮到我們自然的感官方面視覺、嗅覺、觸覺和味覺．"．故選G．

本文是一篇說明文，主要講述的是好的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該包括四個(gè)黃金定律．

考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

26.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】A【小題4】D【小題5】D【小題6】A【小題7】C【小題8】B【小題9】B【小題10】C【小題11】B【小題12】A【小題13】A【小題14】B【小題15】D【小題16】A【小題17】A【小題18】D【小題19】B【小題20】C【解析】BCADD；ACBBC；BAABD；AADBC

1．B．考查介詞辨析．A．beyond

超越；B．up

向上；C．a(chǎn)cross

橫穿；D．through通過；那是一個(gè)寒冷的雨天，我不想開車沿著蜿蜒的山路，穿過像面紗一樣的霧，到我女兒卡羅琳家去．故選B

2．C．考查動(dòng)詞辨析．A．varied變化；B．lifted舉起；C．hung懸掛；D．rolled軋制；那是一個(gè)寒冷的雨天，我不想開車沿著蜿蜒的山路，穿過像面紗一樣的霧，到我女兒卡羅琳家去．故選C

3．A．考查動(dòng)詞辨析．A．insisted.堅(jiān)持；B．ensured

確保；C．hoped

希望；D．noted

注意；但她堅(jiān)持要我去山頂看些東西．故選A

4．D．考查副詞辨析．A．effortlessly.毫不費(fèi)力；B．positively

積極的；C．pletely

完全；D．eagerly急切地；我一到，我女兒就迫不及待地趕我去那兒，甚至在霧還沒散去的時(shí)候．故選D

5．D．考查名詞辨析．A．a(chǎn)musement娛樂；B．relief救濟(jì)；C．disappointment

失望；D．a(chǎn)mazement

驚異；我們拐過一個(gè)彎停下來，我驚訝地喘了口氣．故選D

6．A．考查動(dòng)詞辨析．A．lay鋪設(shè)；B．expanded

擴(kuò)展的；C．stood

站著；D．wandered

游蕩；在山的一側(cè)，幾英畝的土地橫跨山谷，水仙花盛開．故選A

7．C．考查名詞辨析．A．star.星星；B．bonfire、篝火；C．carpet

地毯；D．scene

場(chǎng)景；從最淺的白色到最深的黃色，一片片的顏色像地毯一樣在我們面前閃閃發(fā)光．故選C

8．B．考查動(dòng)詞辨析．A．sought尋求；B．poured

澆；C．knocked

敲打；D．buried

埋藏；太陽好像翻了個(gè)身，把金子倒在山腰上．故選B

9．B