涿州市高考英語閱讀理解、短文改錯系列訓練（8）及答案

學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精涿州市2014高考英語閱讀理解、短文改錯系列訓練(8）及答案(第篇)AyearagoAugust,DaveFusslosthisjobdrivingatruckforasmallcompanyinwestMichigan。Hiswife,Gerrie，wasstillworkinginthelocalschoolcafeteria,butworkforDavewasscarce,andthepriceofeverythingwasrising。TheFusseswereatriskofjoiningthemillionsofAmericanswhohavelosttheirhomesinrecentyears。ThenDaveandGerriereceivedatimelygift—$7,000，alegacy（遺產(chǎn))fromtheirneighborsIshandArleneHatch，whodiedinanaccident。“Itreallymadeadifferencewhenweweregoingunderfinancially，”saysDave。ButtheFussesweren'ttheonlyfolksinAltoandtheneighboringtownofLowelltoreceiveunexpectedlegacyfromtheHatches。DozensofotherfamiliesweretouchedbytheHatches’generosity。Insomecases,itwasafewthousanddollars;inothers,itwasmorethan＄100,000.ItsurprisednearlyeveryonethattheHatcheshadsomuchmoney，morethan＄3million—theywereanelderlycouplewholivedinanoldhouseonwhatwasleftofthefamilyfarm.ChildrenoftheGreatDepression，IshandArlenewereknownfortheirhabitofsaving。Theythrivedon（喜歡)comparisonshoppingandwouldroutinelygofromstoretostore，checkingpricesbeforemakinganewpurchase.Throughtheyears,theHatchespaidforlocalchildrentoattendsummercampwhentheirparentscouldn’taffordit.“IshandArleneneveraskedifyouneededanything，”saystheirfriendSandyVanWeelden,“Theycouldseethingstheycoulddotomakeyouhappier,andtheywoulddothem.”EvenmoreextraordinarywasthattheHatcheshadtheirfarmlanddistributed.ItwastheHatches'wishthattheirlegacy—alegacyofkindnessasmuchasoneofdollarsandcents-shouldenrichthewholecommunity（社區(qū))andlastforgenerationstocome.Neighborshelpingneighbors—thatwasIshandArleneHatch'sstory。[語篇解讀］本文主要介紹了一對關心鄰里、無私奉獻的夫妻。他們把自己的財產(chǎn)留給需要的人,強調人人互助，世界就會更美好。1．Accordingtothetext，theFusses________。A。wereemployedbyatruckcompanyB.wereinfinancialdifficultyC。workedinaschoolcafeteriaD。losttheirhome[解析]事實細節(jié)題。從第一段前三句話可以看出，F(xiàn)uss夫婦現(xiàn)在正處于經(jīng)濟困境中,所以B為正確答案.A、C項與文中有關細節(jié)不符，D項在文中沒有信息支持.［答案］B2．WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheHatches？A.TheyhadtheirchildrenduringtheGreatDepression.B。Theyleftthefamilyfarmtoliveinanoldhouse。C.Theygaveawaytheirpossessionstotheirneighbors.D.Theyhelpedtheirneighborstofindjobs.［解析］事實細節(jié)題。第四段第一句話說Hatch夫婦是在大蕭條時期出生的，而不是他們在大蕭條時期有了孩子，排除A；第三段提到他們的老房子位于他們家的農場里,B錯誤；第二段提到他們幫助有困難的鄰居們，但并未提及幫他們找工作，D錯誤。C項說他們把自己的財產(chǎn)捐贈給鄰居,符合文意,故答案為C.[答案]C3．WhywouldtheHatchesroutinelygofromstoretostore？A。Theydecidedtoopenastore。B.Theywantedtosavemoney。C.Theycouldn’taffordexpensivethings.D。Theywantedtobuygiftsforlocalkids。［解析]推理判斷題。第四段提到他們有節(jié)約的習慣，買東西之前喜歡一個商店一個商店地比較價格，顯然是為了省錢，故答案為B。A，他們決定開個商店；C，他們買不起貴的東西;D，他們想給當?shù)氐暮⒆淤I禮物，都明顯與文意不符.［答案］B4．AccordingtoSandyVanWeelden，theHatcheswere________.A.understandingB.optimisticC。childlike D。curious［解析］推理判斷題。從文章第五段SandyVanWeelden的話中可知,theHatches從來不問你需要什么，而是能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)你需要的東西,然后就來幫助你，這說明他們非常善解人意，故答案為A.B表示樂觀的;C表示孩子氣的，天真爛漫的;D表示好奇的，明顯不符合文意。［答案]A5．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.ThecommunityofAltowaspoor。B.Thesummercampwasattractivetotheparents。C.SandyVanWeeldengotalegacyfromtheHatches.D.TheHatcheswouldliketheneighborstofollowtheirexample.［解析］推理判斷題。A項錯在這個地區(qū)很貧困,文章只是說這里有經(jīng)濟困難的人,并不是說這里是一個貧困地區(qū)；B項錯在parents上;C項說SandyVanWeelden得到了Hatches夫婦的一份遺產(chǎn),文章只是提到他對他們的評價，并未說他得到遺產(chǎn)之事；從文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句話以及最后一段可以看出，Hatches夫婦的愿望就是他們的遺產(chǎn)能夠為社區(qū)以及子孫后代造福，鄰里之間能夠互相幫助，故答案為D。[答案］D**＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊*＊＊*＊*＊*＊*＊*＊＊＊*＊*＊**＊***＊＊******＊＊***＊*＊結束(2011·山東卷）CDianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21—year—oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings，income，scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing。Thenherhusbandlosthisjob，andtheplanfellapart.“Ihavetwokidsincollege，andIwanttosay‘comehome，’butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,”saysJacobs.TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution：Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(貸款）program.Theywilleachgraduatewith＄20，000ofdebt，butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs.Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans。Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround。Atthesametime,tuition（學費）continuestorise。AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439％from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust147%.“Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon’thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation，”saysPatrickM.Callan，presidentofthecenter.“Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt.Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt。"Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem。Thegoodnews，however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing，andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted。67。HowdidtheJacobsmanagetosolvetheirproblem?A.Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome。B。Theyborrowed$20,000fromtheschool.C.Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart-timejobs.D.Theygothelpfromtheschoolandthefederalgovernment。68.Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat_______.A.morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsesB.thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaintC。collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoonD。America’sunemploymentwillfall69.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromthetext？A.Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease。B.Theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade.C.Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege。D。Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years。70.Accordingtothelastparagraph，thegovernmentwill.A。providemoststudentswillscholarshipsB.dismisssomefinancialaidadministratorsC。stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloansD。goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudents【解析】：66—70：BDACD【語篇解讀】本文介紹了今年學生貸款增多給家庭帶來的壓力和大學學費的不斷增加的社會問題,提出政府對之做出的回應。66.B．推理判斷題。第一段提到DianaJacobs的家庭本來有一個可行的計劃可以支付兩個雙胞胎兒子的大學費用,可由于丈夫的失業(yè)計劃瓦解了。67.D．推理判斷題.第三段指出解決方案solution是向學校索求更多的援助,每個兒子增加貸款到最大額度.如原文“Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools，andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(貸款)program?！?也即是選項B。68.A。細節(jié)推斷題。由第四段“expecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs”可以得知財政援助的管理員們預期會看到更多像Jacobs一家的情況，同義轉換即選項A。而BD原文沒有提到,C從第五段“Studentborrowinghasmorethandoubledinthelastdecade”，可知在過去10年里已經(jīng)長了一倍還多，因此是錯的。69。C。推理判斷題。從第六段最后一句話“Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes，evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt。"可知，無論需要什么他們都會送孩子去上大學,即使那意味著大筆的債務。70.D.細節(jié)推斷題。由最后一段可知許多公司做出決定說學生貸款利潤股溝因此不再做貸款，而好消息是聯(lián)邦政府承擔著四分之三的學生貸款。因此推斷是D,政府將繼續(xù)承擔對大學生的資金援助。＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊*＊＊*＊**＊**＊*＊*＊＊＊**＊＊＊*＊＊***＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊*＊＊**＊*＊＊＊＊＊＊＊結束（2010·鄭州質檢）Weallknowthathealthyisveryimportanttous。Both1.________studyandworkdependbystrongbodies.Doingsports2.________andgameshelpsuskeepstrongandhealthy.Ifwedonot3。________takeanyexercise，wemayfeeltiredbutgetsickeasily。4.________There’smanydifferentkindsofsportswecandothem,5。________suchasplayingballgames，running，walkingandswim。6。________However,nowwehavetoomuchhomeworktodoin7。________everyday.Wehopethatwe’llbegivinglesshomework8。________andhavemoretimetakepartinsports.Wealsohope9。________thatourschoolcanholdasportsmeetingeveryterm.10.________答案與解析：1．healthy→health這里是句子的主語，因此用名詞形式。2．by→on/upondependon/upon是固定搭配.3．help→helps這句話的主語是動名詞短語doingsportsandgames.動名詞短語作主語表示一件事時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式.4．but→andfeeltired和getsick是并列關系，不表示轉折,因此將but改為and。5．去掉them這是一個定語從句,從句中作動詞do的賓語的關系代詞that（或which）被省略了,因此them是多余的.6．swim→swimming應用動名詞與前面的running，walking并列，故應用swimming。7．去掉ineveryday可以單獨作狀語，前面不需要加介詞。8．giving→given這里是被動語態(tài),因此用過去分詞。9．take前加to此處考查的是havetimetodosth。的結構。10．√*＊*＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊**＊＊＊*＊*＊＊＊*＊***＊＊*＊****＊＊＊＊＊*＊*******＊**＊**＊*＊*結束鏈接2.(2012重慶卷)Inhis1930essay“EconomicPossibilitiesforOurGrandchildren“,JohnKeynes,economist,rewrotethathumanneedsfallintotwoclasses:absoluteneeds,whichareindeedwhatotherhave,andrelativeneeds，whichmakeusfeelsuperiortoourfellows.Hethoughtalthoughrelativeneedsmayindeedbeinsatiable（無止境的)thisisnottrueofabsoluteKeyneswassurelycorrectthatonlyasmallpartoftotalspendingiddecidedbythesuper—iorityHewasgreatlymistaken，however，inseeingthisderiveastheonlysourceofdemandsDecisionstospendarealsodrivenbyideasofqualitywhichcaninfluencethedenalmostallgoods,includingevenbasicgoodslikefood.Whenacouplegoesoutforandinner,forexample,thethoughtoffeelingsuperiortoothersprobablynevercomestothem。Thegoalistoshareaspecialmealthatstandsoutfromothermeals。Therearenoobviouslimitstotheescalationofdemandforquality。Forexample，Porschefamouscarproducer，hasamodelwhichwasconsideredperhapsthebestsportcaronthemarkPricedatover＄120,000,ithandlesperfectlywellandhasgreatspeedacceleration.Butin200theproducerintroducedsomechangeswhichmadethemodelslightlybetterinhandlingacceleration.Peoplewhoreallycareaboutcarsfindthesesmallimprovementsexciting.Tothem,however，theymustpayalmostfourtimestheprice。【試題解析】短文第段提到“Hethoughtalthoughrelativeneedsmayindeedbeinsatiable（無止境的）thisisnottrueofabsolute”.由此可知，C選項內容與此相符。因此，正確答案為C選項?！倦y度】一般73。WhatdoweknowaboutthecoupleinParagraph3?A.TheywanttoshowtheirsuperiorityB.TheyfindspecialtyimportanttomealsC.Theirdemandsforfoodarenoteasilysatisfied.D。Theirchoiceofdinnerisrelatedtoideasofquality。73.【答案】D【試題解析】短文第3段提到“Thegoalistoshareaspecialmealthatstandsoutfromothermeals。".由此可知,這對夫婦出去就餐的只是改善一下。在四個選項中，D選項內容與此相符。因此，正確答案為D選項?！倦y度】一般74。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“escalation"inParagraph4probablymean?A.Understanding.B。IncreaseC.DifferenceD。Study74.【答案】B【試題解析】根據(jù)短文，人們對于質量的需要呈上升的趨勢，由此可推測劃線詞的詞義與B選項的詞義相符.因此，正確答案為B選項?！倦y度】一般75。Theauthorofthepassagethat______.A.absoluteneedshavenolimitsB.demandsforqualityarenotinsatiableC.humandesiresinfluenceideasofqualityD。relativeneedsdecidemostofourspending75。【答案】A【試題解析】瀏覽全文，短文主要探討的是絕對需要無止境,A選項與此相符。因此，正確答案為A選項.＊＊****＊*＊＊*＊＊＊**＊＊*＊*＊**＊＊＊＊*＊*＊＊*＊＊*****＊*＊＊＊****＊*＊*結束(2011·四川卷）短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1。5分,滿分15分）此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行作出判斷：如無錯誤,在該行右邊橫線上畫一個溝（√）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正；此