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2023北京中關(guān)村中學(xué)高三3月月考英語(yǔ)考生須知本試卷共10頁(yè),共100分。考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘??忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無(wú)效。考試結(jié)束后,請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。IlostmyjobrightbeforeChristmas.Iwastheonlyparentofadaughter,Kristil,12.Mypaycheckwas___1___.WhileweweresearchingforChristmastree,Istruggledtobe___2___asIeyedeachpricetag.Mondaymorning,Isetoffto___3___money.IsoldsomePreciousMomentsfigurinesinanantiquesstore.AndIfuriously___4___jobsasmybankaccountgrewsmaller.Ifeltasiftheworldwasclosinginonme.Oneafternoon,IdroppedKristilinawealthygatedcommunityforabirthdayparty.Iwatchedasshewentin,surroundedbyallthenicethingswecouldn’tafford.Idrovehome___5___.Backathome,Iglancedoutofthewindow.Inoticedapetitewomanwithshortwhitehairstrugglingtoopenhercardoor___6___thewind.Itwasmyoldprofessor,SisterEstherHeffernan.IfirstmetSisterEsther10yearsearlierwhenIwasherstudentatEdgewoodCollege.Kristilwas3atthetime,andIsometimestookhertoclass.SisterEstherwasunderstandingandwouldbringcoloringbooksto___7___Kristil.Irushedout.“Whatareyoudoingoutinthisweather?”Iaskedaswehugged.“Well,Icalledyourjobandtheysaidyouweren’tworkingthereanymore,soIthoughtIwouldcomeby,”shesaid.“IhavegiftsforyouandKristil.”SisterEsther’s___8___gavemehopethatthingswouldbeallright.Afterashorttalk,shegotupandleftaChristmascard.WhenIopenedit,hundred-dollarbillsfellontothetable.Tearsof___9___welledinmyeyesasIcounted.SisterEstherhadgivenme$1,000.It’sbeen14yearssincethatChristmas,butI’veneverforgottenwhatSisterEstherdidforus.In2020,atage91,shedied,buttheloveshegavelivesonintheheartsofmany.____10____,Iamone.1.A.reward B.survival C.salary D.focus2.A.cheerful B.sad C.worried D.pleased3.A.pursue B.change C.raise D.borrow4.A.tookup B.helddown C.goton D.appliedfor5.A.surprised B.troubled C.defeated D.motivated6.A.in B.with C.beyond D.against7.A.teach B.occupy C.welcome D.entertain8.A.gift B.teaching C.assistance D.presence9.A.affection B.overjoy C.gratitude D.excitement10.A.Generally B.Luckily C.Honorably D.Proudly第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)A閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenKylie____11____(treat)byDr.MichelleLim,oneofAustralia’sleadingscientificexpertsonloneliness,shetalkedaboutherlife.____12____(drive)bytwochildrenandacompany,shefeltthatnooneunderstoodherstruggles.Withherhandssofull,shedidn’tthinkitwaspossibletofeellonely.Butshediscoveredlonelinessdoesn’tonlyhappentopeople____13____areisolated.Instead,shesaid,itwasaboutfeelingdisconnectedfromothers.B閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Learningisarelativelypermanentchangeinbehaviourthat____14____(mark)anincreaseinknowledge,skills,orunderstandingthankstorecordedmemories.Amemoryisthefruitofthislearningprocess.Youcanrememberanewpicceofinformationbetterifyoucanassociateit____15____previouslyacquiredknowledge.Andthemoremeaningfultheassociationistoyoupersonally,themoreeffectivelyitwillhelpyoutoremember.Sotakingthetime____16____(choose)ameaningfulassociationcanpayoffinthelongrun.C閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Inastudy,subjectswhopracticedthemade-uplanguagemoderatelybeforehandmade____17____(few)errorsthanthosewhopracticedextensivelyornotatall.Highlevelsofknowledgecanmakepeopletooattachedtotraditionalwaysofviewingproblemsacrossfields.Highconscientiousness(自覺(jué)性)isrelatedtolowerjob____18____(perform),especiallyinsimplejobswhereitdoesn'tpaytobeaperfectionist.Howlongwestayontheclockandhowwespendthattimeareundercarefulexaminationinmanyworkplaces.Theyoungbankerwhoeatslunchathisdeskisprobablyseenasago-getter,____19____hiscolleagueswhochatoverarelaxedconference-roommealgetdirtylooksfromthecorneroffice.Peoplefromculturesthatvaluerelationshipsmorethanoursdoes____20____(shock)bythethoughtofeatingaloneinfrontofacomputer.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分,共28分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AYourcollegeessayshouldconvinceadmissionofficers,inlessthantenminutes,thatyouwouldbeagoodmatchfortheircolleges.Atthemostbasiclevel,theessaydemonstratesyourcommunicationandwritingskills.Inaddition,theessayallowsadmissionofficerstodiscovermoreaboutyouasaperson—asideofyounotreflectedinstatisticslikegradesandScholasticAssessmentTest(SAT)scores.Howtheessayisevaluated?Didyouaddressthequestionasked??Isyourwritingmechanicallysound?Isyourwritingstylecomfortable?Canyouconstructagoodsentence?Canyouputtogetheracogentparagraph??Canyoudiscussatheme?Isyourargumentlogical?Didyoubeginandendtheessaywithsomefinesse??Doyouwritewithstyle,nuanceandcreativity—andinadistinctivevoice?ChoosingatopicWhiletherearenoinherentlybadessaytopics,becarefulaboutthefollowingsubjects:?Winningorlosingthebiggame?Deathofapet?Friendshipproblems?Anythingthatsuggeststhatyoudon'tseethefuturebeyondhighschool.?Simplesolutionstoworldproblems.?Remembertoanswerthequestion!Polishingtheessay?Craftaninterestingopeningsentencetohookthereader.Ifit'sdull,thereaderwillbebored.?Berevealing...disclosethingsaboutyourselfwithoutbeingconfessional.?Bewareoftryingtoimpressadmissionofficerswithwhatyouthinktheywanttohear.?Don'tbeafraidtouseyourumaginationortobeunconventional.?Haveateacher,parentorfriendreadyourseconddraft.Askthem:Isitinteresting?Doesitsoundlikeme?Wasitfuntoread?NavigationalhazardsThelittledetailsaren'tthemostimportantpartoftheessay,butyoudon'twanttheadmissioncommitteetothinkyou'reacarelesswriter.?Alwaysproofreadbeforeproducingthefinaldraft.Ifyouaretiredoftheessay,letsomeoneelseproofit.Checkforspellingerrors;spellcheckwon'tcatcheverything!?Don'tplagiarize:admissionofficershavereadwidelyandhavesophisticatedwaysofcheckingcontent.?Don'tgetoverwhelnedaboutcomposingyouressay—writewhatyoufeel,doitwell...andyou'llmakeagreatimpression!21.Accordingtothepassage,studentsareexpectedtoA.includealldetailsofacademicreportsB.offersolutionstocomplexworldissuesC.describeschoolexperiencesoffriendshipsD.showtheircommunicationandwritingability22.Whichofthefollowingmakesagreatcollegeessay?A.Tocreateanappealingopening.B.Toskipthelittleunimportantdetails.C.Todoublecheckthefinaldraftbyyourself.D.Tobecarefulenoughwithwhatyoureallyfeel.23.Wherecanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Academicjournal. B.Newspapercolumn.C.Teenmagazine. D.Universitywebsite.BHarveySuttonspentnearlysevenmonthshikingwithhisparents,walkingthethousandsofmilesthatmakeupthecompleteAppalachianTrail(AT).Harvey,or“LittleMan”,wasjust4yearsoldwhenhestarted,andcelebratedhis5thbirthdayonthetrail.Harvey’sparents,JoshandCassicSution,havebeenhikingwithHarveysincehewastwo.TheypreparedhimforhikingtheATbystartingoutwithlotsofshorterwalksandhikes.IttookHarveyandhisfamily209daystocompletetheentireAT.Everydaythefamilywouldwakeuparound5:30inthemorning.Theywouldhavebreakfastandpackuptheirtentandsleepingbagsbeforesettingoffthroughthewoods.Ingeneral,thefamilyhikedabout16kilometersadaybeforestoppingtocampagain.DuringhisdaysontheAT,Harveylikedtousehisimagination.Thishelpedhimwalkmorequicklyandhavefunwhilehehiked.Heplayedgameswithhismomanddadandotherhikers.Harveysaysheenjoyedplayingthe“cellphonegame”whereyoupretendyouaredifferentpeople.Harveyandhisfamilymadefriendswithotherhikersonthetrail.Alongtheway,Harveyearnedthenicknameof“LittleMan”.KarlDonusSakashikedwiththeSuttonsthroughsevenstates.HehelpedmakethehikefunforHarveybycreatingatreasurehuntforhimtocomplete.ButHarveyalsoenjoyedthesometimeshardworkofhiking.“Myfavoritepartwastherockscrambles,”hesays,“becausetheyweresofunandhard.”Mr.SakassaysHarveydidn’tseemtogettired.Whenotherhikerswerewornoutattheendoftheday,Harveywasstilleagerforagameoffreezetag.CompletingtheATtaughtHarveyandhisparentshowtoworkasateamandhowtotakeonchallengestogether.Harvey’smomsaysthatbecauseoftheexperience,“We’recloserthaneverbefore.”24.Accordingtothestory,weknowthat.A.HarveySuttonstartedhikingattheageof4.B.Harveyisphysicallystrongerthanotherhikers.C.HarveySuttonmanagedthetripthroughfunactivities.D.HarveywasaccompaniedbyKarlDonusSakastocompletethetrail.25.Whichwordcanbestdescribethetrail,accordingtoHarvey?A.Enjoyable B.Tiring C.Tough D.Novel26.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Successliesinperseverance. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Likefather,likeson. D.Nopains,nogains.CBeethovenwrotemanyfamouspiecesofmusic,buthe’sprobablybestknownforhisninesymphonies.Asymphonyisalong,complicatedpieceofclassicalmusic,usuallydividedintofourparts.Thefourpartsareoftenlinkedby“themes”—repeatedmusicalideasthattiethewholepiecetogether.WhenBeethovendiedin1827,hehadsomeideasfora10thSymphony.Butallthatheleftbehindweresomenotesaboutthepieceandafew“sketches”—shortbitsofwrittenmusic.In2019,aspecialteamofmusicians,computerscientists,andhistorianswasformed.Theirgoal:totrytocompleteBeethoven’s10thSymphonytocelebratehis250thbirthday.Theteamdidn’tjustwanttocompletethesymphony,theywantedtocomeascloseaspossibletoproducingthesymphonythatBeethovenmeanttowrite.That’swheredeeplearningcamein.Deeplearning—sometimescalledArtificialIntelligence(AI)—describescomputerprogramsthatsortdeeplythroughhugeamountsofinformation.Thisallowsthemtofindpatternshumansmaynothavenoticed.Theprogramscanthenusethosepatternsinnewandsurprisingways.TotrainanAItohelpwiththesymphony,theteamturnedeverypieceofmusicthatBeethoveneverwroteintoaformthecomputercouldunderstand.ByfeedingtheprogramallofBeethoven’smusic,theAIcouldlookforpatternsinthewayBeethovenwrote.Thisincluded,forexample,howhere-usedsimplemelodiesallthroughapiecetocreateatheme,orhowhemovedbetweendifferentpartsofthesymphony.OthermembersoftheteamstudiedBeethoven’snotesandsketches,andworkedtofigureoutwhatBeethovenwasplanningtodo.Whereinthesymphonydidheplantouseeachlittlebitofmusicthatheleft?________.TheyplayedafewminutesofmusiccreatedbytheAIforBeethovenexperts,musicians,andreporters.NoonecouldtellwhichpartshadbeenwrittenbyBeethovenandwhichpartstheAImadeup.Finally,theAIhadthechallengeoftryingtoconnectthelittlemusicalbitsintoasymphony.Ittookovertwoyears,buttheteamwasabletocompleteBeethoven’s10thSymphony.Notsimplyamelody,but40minutesofmusicforafullorchestra—alargegroupofmusiciansplayingeverythingfromstringinstruments,likeviolins,totrumpets,flutes,drums,andpiano.SoBeethovennowhasa10thSymphony.AndthoughBeethovendidn’twriteitall,theteamfeelssurethatthemusicisverymuchlikewhathemighthavewritten,ifhe’dhadthechance.27.Whatdoes“That”inParagraph3referto?A.HowtoimproveBeethoven’ssymphonies.B.HowtocelebrateBeethoven’s250thbirthday.C.HowtorestoreBeethoven’soriginalthoughtaccurately.D.HowtocompleteBeethoven’s10thSymphonyefficiently.28.WhichofthefollowingstatementcanbebestfilledinParagraph7?A.Thetestshowedtheteamwasontherighttrack.B.Thenewlycreatedmusicwasbeyondcomparison.C.The10thSymphonywaspresentedtobesuccessful.D.Thefirstattemptprovedthesymphonywasamasterpiece.29.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheapplicationofAIinmusic?A.TheytrainedanAItofolloweverynotethatBeethovenwrote.B.Computerprogramswerewrittentoturnthesepatternsintonotes.C.TheytaughtAItofigureouthowthemusicwasplayedbyBeethoven.D.TheAImanagedtodiscoverthepatternsafterprocessingtheprograms.30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AIIsAppliedtoPlayingClassicalMusic.B.AIIsUsedtoFinishBeethoven’sMusic.C.TheProcessofBeethoven’sCreationofMusic.D.Beethoven’sLastbuttheMostFamousSymphony.DAppliedEthicsAlthoughethicsclassesarecommonaroundtheworld,scientistsareunsureiftheirlessonscanactuallychangebehavior;evidenceeitherwayisweak,relyingoncontrivedlaboratorytestsorsometimesunreliableself-reports.ButanewstudypublishedinCognitionfoundthat,inatleastonereal-worldsituation,asingleethicslessonmayhavehadlastingeffects.Theresearchersinvestigatedoneclasssession’simpactoneatingmeat.Accordingtostudyco-authorEricSchwitzgebel,aphilosopherattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside:students’attitudesonthetopicarevariableandunstable,behavioriseasilymeasurable,andethicsliteraturelargelyagreesthateatinglessmeatisgoodbecauseitreducesenvironmentalharmandanimalsuffering.Halfofthestudentsinfourlargephilosophyclassesreadanarticleontheethicsoffactory-farmedmeat,optionallywatchedan11-minutevideoonthetopicandjoineda50-minutediscussion.Theotherhalffocusedoncharitablegivinginstead.Then,unbeknownsttothestudents,theresearchersstudiedtheiranonymizedmeal-cardpurchasesforthatsemester—nearly14,000receiptsforalmost500students.“It’sanawesomedataset,”saysNinaStrohminger,apsychologistwhoteachesbusinessethicsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandwasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Schwitzgebelpredictedtheinterventionwouldhavenoeffect;hehadpreviouslyfoundthatethicsprofessorsdonotdifferfromotherprofessorsonarangeofbehaviors,includingvotingrates,blooddonationandreturninglibrarybooks.Butamongstudentsubjectswhodiscussedmeatethics,mealpurchasescontainingmeatdecreasedfrom52to45percent—andthiseffectheldsteadyforthestudy’sdurationofseveralweeks.Purchasesfromtheothergroupremainedat52percent.“That’sactuallyaprettylargeeffectforaprettysmallintervention.”Schwitzgebelsays.Strohmingeragrees:“Thethingthatstillblowsmymindisthattheonlythingthat’sdifferentbetweenthesetwocasesisjustthatonedayinclass.”Shesaysshewantstheeffecttoberealbutcannotruleoutsomeunknownconfoundingvariable.Andifreal.Strohmingernotes,itmightbereversiblebyanothernudge:“Easycome,easygo.”Schwitzgebelsuspectsthegreatestimpactcamefromsocialinfluence—classmatesorteachingassistantsleadingthediscussionsmayhavesharedtheirownvegetarianism,showingitasachievableormorecommon.Second,thevideomayhavehadanemotionalimpact.Leastrousing,hethinks,wasrationalargument,althoughhisco-authorssayreasonmightplayabiggerrole.Nowtheresearchersareprobingthespecificeffectsofteachingstyle,teachingassistants’eatinghabitsandstudents’videoexposure.MeanwhileSchwitzgebelwhohadpredictednoeffect—willbeeatinghiswords.31.Paragraph2ismainlyabout.A.ResearchreasonsandprocessB.ResearchsubjectsandfindingsC.ResearchtopicandsignificanceD.Researchdatacollectionandanalysis32.Whichofthefollowingdoesn’tleadtotheresearchers’investigationintomeat-eatingamongstudents?A.Students’knowledgeofthetopic.B.Students’easily-measuredbehaviors.C.Students’changeableandunsteadyattitudes.D.Students’unawarenessofethicslessons’impact.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“blowsmymind”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Convincesme. B.Upsetsme. C.Alarmsme. D.Amazesme.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToproveSchwitzgebel’spredictioniswrong.B.Toshowteachingworksinbehaviorchanging.C.Toexplainstudentsareeasytomakeachange.D.Tojustifyinvestigationintoethicsisworthwhile.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouareofthe“noregrets”schooloflife,youmightthinkthatallthisregretisarecipeforunhappiness.Butthatisn’tthecase.True,lettingyourselfbeoverwhelmedbyregretisindeedbadforyou.Butgoingtotheotherextrememaybeevenworse.Toextinguishyourregretsdoesn’tfreeyoufromshameorsorrow;itconsignsyoutomakethesamemistakesagainandagain.Totrulygetoverourguiltrequiresthatweputregretinitsproperplace.Asuncomfortableasitis,regretisanamazingcognitivefeat.Itrequiresthatyougobacktoapastscenario,imaginethatyouacteddifferentlytochangeit,andwiththatnewscenarioinmind,arriveatadifferentpresent—andthen,comparethatfictionalpresentwiththeoneyouareexperiencinginreality._____35_____Youwouldrememberyourownpettinessandirritability,andthenimagineyourselfshowingmorepatience,beingkindinsteadofhurtfulatkeymoments.Thenyouwouldfast-forwardtotodayandseehowyourrelationshipcouldbeflourishinginsteadoflanguishing._____36_____Pinksaystheycomeinfourbasicvarieties,andaninstanceofregretmayinvolvejustoneoracombination.Wishingyou’dbeenkindertoyourpartnerisanexampleofaconnectionregret,inwhichyoulamentbehaviorthatharmedanimportantrelationship,suchasspoilingaromanceorneglectingyourbondwithrelativesbeforetheydied.Manyconnectionregretsoverlapwithmoralregrets,whichcancomeaboutafteryouviolateyourownvalues.Forexample,youmayprideyourselfonbeingalovingperson,andthusregretnotlivinguptothisimageintherelationshipyouharmed.Moralregretscanalsoinvolvejustyourself._____37_____Pink’sothertwocategoriesofregretsinvolvelifechoices.Foundationregretsarethoseinwhichyoudidsomethingthataffectedthecourseofyourlifeinawayyoudon’tlike.Aclassicexampleiswishingyouhadstayedinschool_____38_____.Theyareallaboutinactionandforgoneopportunities.Thisiswhatyoufeelwhenyoukickyourselffornottakingachance,asinwishingyouhadjustgoneuptothatattractivepersonandintroducedyourself._____39_____Regretisimplicatedindepressionandanxiety,andexcessiveregretcanadverselyaffectyourhormonesandimmunesystem.In2013,researchersaskedonegroupofparticipantsinanexperimenttodescribe“yourmostburdensomeregret”rightbeforegoingtobed;thisgrouptook61percentlongertogettosleepthanagrouptoldtothinkaboutatypicalday.Butregretdoesn’thavetobeleftunmanaged.Thetrickisnottoremovethebadfeeling;it’stoacknowledgeitanduseitforlearningandimprovement.Insteadoflettingthespecterofyourfailedrelationshipmakeyoumiserable,bysimplywishingithadtunedoutdifferentlyyoucanbehonestwithyourselfaboutwhatwentwrongandusethatknowledgetoenjoybetterrelationshipsinthefuture.A.Notallregretsarethesameofcourse.B.Meanwhile,boldnessregretsaretheopposite.C.Regretmayhurt,butobsessingoverthemisdestructive.D.Yourregretcanteachyoutobecomesmarterandmoresuccessful—ifyouletit.E.Unanalyzedandunmanaged,anyvarietyofregretcanbepoisonforyourwell-being.F.Maybeyouregretnotlivinguptoyourcommitmenttoyourhealthwhenyouateawholepizzaorskippedthegym.G.Forexample,iftodayyourrelationshipwithyourpartnerhassoured,yourregretmightmentallytakeyoubacktolastyear.第三部分書(shū)面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié),32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分,第42題3分,第43題5分,共12分)閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。ImagineplayingagameofOldMaidwithachild.Sheisabouttopickacard.Itwouldcostherthegame.Youthinkabouthowexcitedshe'dbeifshewon.Soyouhintthatshemightwanttoselectanothercard.Shedoes.Shewins.You’rebothhappy.Butwaslettingherwinawisemove?Scientistsandchildrenexpertshavelongsaidlosingonceinawhilehelpschildrenbuildcopingskills.Italsohelpsthemlearnwhattherealworldislike.AnewstudyhasbeendonebyAmherstCollegeandtheUniversityofVirginia.Thestudylooksat4and5-year-olds.Theresearchersconductedasericsoftrialswherethechildrenplayedagamewithhiddenobjects.Twoadultsgavecluestothelocationsoftheobjects.Oneadultgaveaccurateclues.Theothergavefalseones.Then,therescarcherssetupthegamesothathalfofthekidsalwaysfoundthehiddenobjectastheuncontrolledgroup.Theremainingchildrenplayedanothergameinthecontrolledgroup.Thisgamewaslefttochance.Theyweremorelikelytofindoutthehiddenobjectsiftheylistenedcarefully.Afterall,oneadultwouldgivehelpfulinformation.Afterwards,researchersaskedthekidswhichofthetwoadultsthey’dselecttohelpthemfindmorehiddenobjects?Thekidsintheuncontrolledgamepreferredtheadultwhogaveaccurateclues.Butthoseinthecontrolledversionhadnopreference.Thatmeansifyoualwaysletchildrenwin,theymightnotlearntospotimportantinformationrelevanttofuturesuccess.Cheatingtohelpkidswingameshastiestotoday’s“trophygames.”Childrenareoftengivenrewardssimplyforparticipatinginsportsandothercompetitiveevents.Parentsmaybelievetheyareassuringtheirchild’sgoodself-esteembyrewardingthemforshowingup,saysNickiNance,whoisalicensedpsychologistandaprofessoratBeaconCollege.Althoughgivingparticipationprizeisn’tnecessarilyharmful,itisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodistinguishtrueaccomplishmentsfrommereparticipation.“Self-esteemdoesn’tcomefrombeingadored.”Nancesays.Itcomesfrommastery.“Ifwedon’tletchildrenfail,theymisstheopportunitytotakeownershipofsuccess.”40.Whydoscientistsandchildrenexpertssaylosingonceinawhileishelpful?_________________________________________________________________41.Whydidthechildreninthecontrolledgrouphavenopreferenceinchoosingadulttohelpthemfindmorehiddenobjects?_________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Tohelpchildrenlearnhowtodistinguishtrueaccomplishmentsfrommereparricipation,participationprizeshouldnotbeawarded._________________________________________________________________43.Pleaseexplainwhatyouhavelearnedfromyourfailurewithanexample.(Inabout40words)_________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國(guó)好友Jim在你們學(xué)校網(wǎng)站上看到了學(xué)生參加職業(yè)規(guī)劃與體驗(yàn)活動(dòng)的照片。很感興趣,發(fā)來(lái)郵件詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)郵件,內(nèi)容包括:1.該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的相關(guān)信息(時(shí)間、內(nèi)容……);2.你參加該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的感受。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。提示詞:職業(yè)規(guī)劃careerplanningDearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua
參考答案第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.C6.D7.D8.D9.C10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者在窮困潦倒之際受到埃斯特修女幫助的感人故事。【1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我的薪水只能維持生計(jì)。A.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);B.survival生存;C.salary工資;D.focus關(guān)注,焦點(diǎn)。前文提到“IlostmyjobrightbeforeChristmas.Iwastheonlyparentofadaughter”(我在圣誕節(jié)前丟了工作。我女兒只有我一個(gè)家長(zhǎng)。)判斷,作為單親家長(zhǎng)的作者又丟掉了工作,只能勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。故選B?!?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我們?cè)趯ふ沂フQ樹(shù)時(shí),我看著每個(gè)價(jià)簽,努力使自己高興起來(lái)。A.cheerful高興的;B.sad難過(guò)的;C.worried焦慮的;D.pleased滿意的。根據(jù)上文“IlostmyjobrightbeforeChristmas.”(我在圣誕節(jié)前丟了工作。)判斷,作者的錢(qián)只夠維持生計(jì),沒(méi)有辦法負(fù)擔(dān)額外的事情,但又是圣誕節(jié),為了女兒要努力表現(xiàn)出高興的樣子。故選A。【3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:星期一早上,我出發(fā)去籌集資金。A.pursue追求;B.change改變;C.raise籌集;D.borrow借到。根據(jù)后文“IsoldsomePreciousMomentsfigurinesinanantiquesstore.”(我在一家古董店賣(mài)了一些珍貴時(shí)刻的小雕像)判斷,作者通過(guò)變賣(mài)一些東西來(lái)增加家里的收入,為家里籌錢(qián)。故選C?!?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意:隨著我的銀行存款越來(lái)越少,我瘋狂地找工作。A.tookup拿起;開(kāi)始從事;B.helddown抑制;壓制;C.goton上車(chē);D.appliedfor申請(qǐng)。后文提到“asmybankaccountgrewsmaller.”(隨著我銀行存款越來(lái)越少)由此判斷,作者因?yàn)殄X(qián)越來(lái)越少所以才要瘋狂地找工作。故選D?!?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我沮喪地開(kāi)車(chē)回家。A.surprised驚訝的;B.troubled動(dòng)亂的,不安的;C.defeated受挫的,泄氣的;D.motivated積極的。前文提到“Iwatchedasshewentin,surroundedbyallthenicethingswecouldn’tafford.”(我看著她走進(jìn)去,周?chē)际俏覀冑I(mǎi)不起的好東西)作者看到這些好東西自己又買(mǎi)不起,再聯(lián)想到自己的處境,應(yīng)該是感覺(jué)到非常受挫。故選C?!?題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意:我注意到一個(gè)留著短短的白發(fā)的嬌小的女人在寒風(fēng)中掙扎著打開(kāi)車(chē)門(mén)。A.in在……里面;Bwith和……一起;C.beyond超越;D.against和……對(duì)抗。前文提到“apetitewomanwithshortwhitehairstrugglingtoopenhercardoor”(一個(gè)嬌小的女人在寒風(fēng)中打開(kāi)車(chē)門(mén))由此判斷,埃斯特修女?huà)尚〉纳碥|要和寒風(fēng)對(duì)抗,她很艱難的才能打開(kāi)車(chē)門(mén)。故選D?!?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:埃斯特修女很理解,她會(huì)帶著填色書(shū)來(lái)讓克里斯汀開(kāi)心。A.teach教;B.occupy占據(jù);C.welcome歡迎;D.entertain娛樂(lè),使……高興。前文提到“Kristilwas3atthetime,andIsometimestookhertoclass.”(克麗絲蒂當(dāng)時(shí)3歲,我有時(shí)帶她去上課。)由此判斷,給3歲的小朋友填色書(shū)應(yīng)該是讓小朋友玩。故選D?!?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:埃斯特修女的出現(xiàn)給了我一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)的希望。A.gift禮物;B.teaching教育;C.assistance協(xié)助;D.presence出現(xiàn)。前文提到““Well,Icalledyourjobandtheysaidyouweren’tworkingthereanymore,soIthoughtIwouldcomeby,”shesaid.“IhavegiftsforyouandKristil.””(“嗯,我給你的公司打過(guò)電話,他們說(shuō)你不在那里工作了,所以我想我可以過(guò)來(lái)看看,”她說(shuō)?!拔矣卸Y物要給你和克麗絲蒂”)由此判斷,作者對(duì)埃斯特修女的出現(xiàn)是非常驚訝和驚喜的,而且她還為正處于困境的作者和女兒帶來(lái)了禮物,作者因此非常感動(dòng),從而認(rèn)為正是埃斯特修女的出現(xiàn)帶給了自己希望。故選D?!?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:數(shù)著數(shù)著,感激的淚水涌上了我的眼眶。A.affection喜愛(ài);B.overjoy萬(wàn)分高興;C.gratitude感激之情;D.excitement興奮。后文提到“SisterEstherhadgivenme$1,000.”(埃斯特修女給了我1000美元。)作者現(xiàn)在急需用錢(qián),而埃斯特修女給了她1000美元,幫助作者解決了燃眉之急,由此判斷,作者流下了感激的淚水。故選C。【10題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:幸運(yùn)的是,我就是其中之一。A.Generally通常;B.Luckily幸運(yùn)地;C.Honorably體面地;D.Proudly傲慢地。前文提到“It’sbeen14yearssincethatChristmas,butI’veneverforgottenwhatSisterEstherdidforus.In2020,atage91,shedied,buttheloveshegavelivesonintheheartsofmany.”(距離那個(gè)圣誕節(jié)已經(jīng)過(guò)去14年了,但我從未忘記埃斯特修女為我們所做的一切。2020年,91歲的她去世了,但她給予的愛(ài)活在了許多人的心中。)在作者窮困潦倒的時(shí)候,埃斯特修女的幫助讓作者順利渡過(guò)難關(guān),由此判斷,作者因?yàn)槭艿搅怂膸椭械椒浅5男疫\(yùn)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)【答案】11.wastreated12.Driven13.who##that【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了凱莉在接受治療時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己原來(lái)是孤獨(dú)的這一事實(shí)。【11題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:當(dāng)凱莉接受澳大利亞頂尖的孤獨(dú)問(wèn)題科學(xué)專家MichelleLim博士的治療時(shí),她談到了自己的生活。結(jié)合主句謂語(yǔ)talked用一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知,從句主語(yǔ)Kylie和從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞treat是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,treat用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
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