第06講輕松駕馭概要寫作之記敘文（原題版）

第06講：輕松駕馭概要寫作之記敘文第06講：輕松駕馭概要寫作之記敘文課程目標(biāo)課程目標(biāo)演練EQ\o\ac(

,●)專題知識：針對考試題型，進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)梳理，感悟解題方法。EQ\o\ac(

,●)題型檢測：鏈接考試真題，題型組合練，能力逐個(gè)突破。知識梳理知識梳理演練（一）概要寫作的要點(diǎn)1.簡要性（Conciseness）：Omitunnecessarydetailslikeexamples,explanationsandotherunimportantinformation.2.完整性（pleteness）：Toincludeallthemainandsupportingpointsdeliveredinyouownwordsinacondensedmanner.3.準(zhǔn)確性（Accuracy）：Togivethesameattentionandstresstothepointsastheauthordoes.4.連貫性（Coherence）：Ratherthananoutlinelistedaskeywordsandphrases,asummaryisaparagraphwithnecessarytransitionsandfunctionstructurestomakeitflow.5.客觀性（Objectivity）：Donotincludeyourownideasoremotionsonthetopic.Thesummaryshouldreflectthecontentoftheoriginalpassageonly.（二）記敘文概要寫作技巧記敘文(Narration)：找出時(shí)間(when),地點(diǎn)(where),什么人(who),做了什么事(what),為什么做(why),結(jié)果怎么樣(how)六要素。其中,。若是1.敘事性的記敘文(Narration)。

敘事性的記敘文的主要內(nèi)容的概括主要抓住記敘文的幾個(gè)要素：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件和影響或后果。

寫人的記敘文（Description）。

寫人的記敘文總結(jié)要點(diǎn)主要抓住人物的主要特點(diǎn)或事跡，劃出關(guān)鍵詞（所謂關(guān)鍵詞是文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的體現(xiàn)主題或關(guān)聯(lián)的詞）。（三）記敘文概要寫作模板記敘文體的閱讀材料，相比其他文體而言，寫概要相對容易。在寫概要前，除明確文章主題外，還應(yīng)抓住六個(gè)要素：when,where,who,what,why,how。在這六個(gè)要素中，所占內(nèi)容比重最大的是what。一般來說，記敘文的故事概要可以用這樣的模板來表示：記敘文：what/who/when/where/why/howWhodidwhatby…because…當(dāng)然，不是說每個(gè)故事概要都包含how或why，有時(shí)兩者選其一即可?！菊n堂典例】Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Discoveringalostbrother①KieronGrahamalwaysknewhehadanolderbrothernamedVincent.ThoughKieronspentyearsthinkingabouthim,hecouldnevertrackhimdown.②ThatchangedinDecember2017,whenKieron’sadoptiveparentsgavehimanAncestryDNAtestasaChristmasgift.Kieron,now21,senthissaliva(唾液)sampleinforanalysis.Whenhisresultscameback,hewasstunnedtofindhehadalotofDNAmatchesforrelativeswhohadalsotakenthetest.Mostweredistantconnections,butonematchwassostrongthatitwaslabeled“closefamily.”HisnamewasVincentGhant.KieronlookedforhimonFacebookandsoonmadeapossibleconnection.“Thisisgoingtosoundsowild…butIthinkyou’remybrother,”KieronwroteonFacebook’sMessengerapp.“Iwasgivenupforadoptionin1997anditsaysonmypaperworkthatmymotherhasasonwithyournameandyourbirthdate.HernameisShawn.”③“OMGdoyouknowyourrealname?”wroteVincent,now30.④“IthinkitwasTyler.”⑤“OMGYES!!!Youaremybrother.”⑥“Wow,”wroteKieron.⑦“Thisiscrazy,”saidVincent.⑧Thecrazinesswasjustbeginning.Astheytalked,thebrothersrealizedtheylivedabout20minutesfromeachother.Moresurprising,theyattendedthesameuniversityandmajoredandminoredinthesamesubjects:politicalscienceandlegalstudies.⑨VincentwasninewhenKieronwasbornandrememberscaringforhisbabybrother.Buttimesweretough,andShawn,whoworked15plushoursadayasanurse,decidedthatplacingKieronforadoptionwouldgivehimthebestchancetosucceed.⑩“Shewasveryemotionalaboutthattime,tothepointwhereitwashardforhertoputintowordsanythingaboutwhathappened,”Vincentsays.⑾Nowthebrothershadthechancetomakeupforlosttime.Theydecidedtomeetatalocalteashopthatweek.⑿OneofVincent’sconcernswasthatKieronmightresenthisbirthfamilyforplacinghimforadoption.HewasrelievedKierondidn’t,andthathe’dgrownupinalovingfamily.⒀Sincethatfirstmeeting,thebrothershavebondedevenmore.TheyplayfootballtogetherandcelebratedChristmaswiththeirfamilies.“We’llkeepgrowingourrelationshipuntilit’stimetoleavethisplanet,”saysVincent.Thatshouldn’tbehard.AsKieronsays,“We’vegotyearsandyearstocatchupon.”【解析指導(dǎo)】1.Mainidea 本文講述了一對分開多年的兄弟重聚的故事。文章前半部分主要講Kieron如何通過基因檢測和Facebook找到了他的哥哥Vincent，后半部分講述了他們重聚之后的往來，以及迅速建立感情。2.Textstructure 全文可以劃分為三個(gè)部分： ①⑧第一部分：Kieron通過基因檢測和Facebook找到了他的哥哥。 ⑨⑩第二部分：Kieron的媽媽為什么放棄他，讓別人領(lǐng)養(yǎng)他。⑾⒀第三部分：Kieron和哥哥重聚后，迅速建立感情。3.Mindmap4.WritingprocedureStep1：細(xì)讀全文，明確主題。本文主要是講述了一對分開多年的兄弟重聚的故事。Step2：劃分要點(diǎn)。記敘文注意是找who/what/when/where/why/howwho：Kieronwhat:foundhisbrotherVincentwhen/why:文中劃線處where:無需強(qiáng)調(diào)how:throughanAncestryDNAtestandFacebookStep3：標(biāo)主題句或關(guān)鍵詞。已在文中用橫線標(biāo)出每段主題句。Step4：概括。Summarywriting________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________課堂精練課堂精練演練1．（2023下·上?！じ叨A師大二附中?？计谀〥irections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Morethanhalfayearago,myfactorywasboughtbyalargecorporationandthemajorityofthemanagerslosttheirjobs,includingme.ThatwasthetimeIdecidedtodosomethingI’dalwayswantedtodo—beeafreelancewriter.Changingprofessionshasmeantthatmylifestylehaschangedinanumberofways.IworkjustasmuchasIdidbefore—between46and51hoursaweek—butmyscheduleismuchlessfixedthanitusedtobe.Asamanager,Iworkedfrom9a.m.to6p.m.everyday,withafewextrahoursonweekends.Now,however,IworkwhenIfeellikeit.Forinstance,sometimesIworkuntilmidnightor3a.m.,thensleepuntilnoon.Ireallypreferthiskindofschedule.WhileIwasworkingasamanager,Ineverexercised.Ialreadyfelttiredafterwork,soIjustcamehomeintheeveningandwatchedTV.However,lastDecember,Ijoinedahealthclubandbegantodoregularexercise.Asaresult,Ihavelostover10poundsandIfeelmuchbetter.I’vealsostartedtoeathealthierfoods.Iusedtoeatalotoffastfood,butnowIdomyownshopping.Ibuylotsoffruitsandvegetablesandcookthemathome.Ofcourse,notallthechangeshavebeenthateasy.Forexample,Idon’tfeelassafefinanciallyasIusedto.WhenIwasworkingasamanager,Ineverworriedmuchaboutmoney.Icouldalwayscountongettingmypaycheckeverytwoweeks.Workingfreelance,Idon’thavearegularpaycheck.SonowIhavetomakesurethatthere’senoughmoneyuntilthenextcheckarrives.Allinall,Ireallylikemycurrentlifestyle.Ofcourse,thatdoesn’tmeanI’llneverwanttohavea“regular”job.Butforme,atleast,itsuitsme.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、（2023下·上?！じ叨A師大二附中?？计谥校㎝eettheWomanWhoGivesRescuedFarmAnimalsaSecondChanceatLifeShortlyafterdoctorsdiagnosedtenyearoldJennyBrownwithbonecancer,theyhadtocutoffherrightlegbelowthekneetosaveherlife.Facingayearofchemotherapy(化療)afterthesurgery,Jennybeggedhermotherforakitten.TheorangecalicoJennynamedBoogierarelyleftherside,lickingtearsfromhercheeksafterhospitalvisitsandcurlingupinherlapassheadjustedtolifewithaprosthetic(假肢的)leg.“MyrelationshipwithBoogieshowedmethatanimalsthink,feel,andsufferasmuchaswedo,”saysJenny,now44.In1994,JennygraduatedfromColumbiaCollegeChicagoandbeganacareerintelevisionanddocumentaryproduction.Ontheside,shevolunteeredasavideographerforanimalrightsgroups,andin2002,sheshotundercoverfootageofhorribleanimalmistreatmentatseveralTexasfarmanimalstockyards.“Afterseeingthat,IknewIneededtohelpanimals,”saysJenny.Ayearlater,shegaveupherfilmcareerandwithherfiancé,DougAbel,afilmeditor,openedtheWoodstockFarmSanctuary,anonprofitorganizationdedicatedtorescuingandrecoveringfarmanimals,ona22acrepropertytheyboughtintherollinghillsofWoodstock,NewYork,thenextyear.InAugust2007,shereceivedacallfromAnimalCareandControlofNYCaboutasmallgoatithadfoundhoppingaroundProspectPark.Jennyguessedithadrunawayfromoneofthecity’smurderhouses.Thegoat’slegswereseverelyinjured,probablyfrombeingboundtogetherwithwire,anditsmouthwascoveredinaching.Jennyandherteambroughtthegoat,whichtheynamedAlbie,tothepreserve,buttheysoonrealizedthatAlbie’sleftfrontlegwasinjuredbeyondrepair.Afteraveterinarian(獸醫(yī))cutofftheleg.JennyaskedErikTomkins,thedoctorwhomakesJenny’sprostheses,tofashionalegforAlbie.Todate,sevenofthepreserve’sanimalshavereceivedprostheticlimbsorbraces.“Onmostfarms,animalswiththeseillnesseswouldbeimmediatelykilled,”saysJenny.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、（2023上·上?！じ叨虾Ｊ袝x元高級中學(xué)?？计谥校㏒urferGuystotheRescuePasttheBreakers,about50feetfromshore,twobrotherswerefightingfortheirlives.Theyhadbeensweptouttoseainawildcurrent,theirmouthbarelyabletostayabovewater.Thickfogmadeitdifficultforbeachgoerstoseetheguys,butthescreamswereunmistakable.Andeverysecondcounted.Thebrothers,ages15and20,werewearingshortsandTshirts,unsuitableforaNovemberday,letalonethe50degreewater.KevenHarder,asupervisingranger,toldtheNorthCoastJournalthatswimminginsuchatemperature“takesthefightrightoutofyou.”Luckily,foursurfersinwetsuitswerenearby.NarayanWeibel,SpenserStraton,andSdrianYork,all16,alongwithTaj,15,wereontheirsurfingboardsridingupanddownthecoastonfivefootwaveswhentheyheardthecries.Theyturnedandsawtwobobbingheadsandfourflailingarms.“Welookedateachotherandknewtheseguyswereabouttodrown,”WeibeltoldtheWashingtonPost.Weibel,Stratton,andOrtizeBeckpaddledtowardthedistressedswimmerswhileYorkheadedtoshoretoalertsomeonetocall911.Hethendivedbackintohelphisfriends.Asthesurfersdrewclose,thebrotherswerestruggling.“Itwasprettystressful,buttherewasn’tanytimetothinkaboutit,andthathelpedmekeepcool,”O(jiān)rtizBecksays.OrtizBeckpulledupalongsidetheyoungerbrother.Grabbinghimunderhisarms,heliftedhimontohisboard.StrattonandWeibel,meanwhile,werestrainingtohelptheolderbrother.Hewaslarge,250to300poundsandhewaspanicked!Yorkarrivedintimetohelpgettheolderbrotheratopthesecondboard.Thesurfersthenpaddledseveralminutesthroughthewatertothemedicalhelpwaitingonshore.Thebrotherswerescaredbutfine.“Whenwegetacalllikethis,it’susuallytoolatebythetimewegetthere,”saysDillon,afirstaider.“Ican’tsayenoughaboutwhattheseguysdid.Theywerewillingandpreparedtorisktheirlives.”課后反饋課后反饋演練（2023下·上海七寶中學(xué)·高二期末）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.SueandJohnsyarefriendsandtheyliveinonestudio.ButJohnsykeptherbed.Thedoctorthoughttherewasuncertainhopeandhecouldn’tseeanyconfidenceinJohnsy.Atthesametime,Johnsylayonthebed,lookingthroughthesmallwindowandcounted“10、9”and“8、7......”Shesaidfeebly.Whenthelastleaffellshemustgo.Sueheardthatandfelts