河南鄭州登封市2023-2024學(xué)年高三（最后沖刺）英語(yǔ)試卷含解析

河南鄭州登封市2023-2024學(xué)年高三（最后沖刺）英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)1．考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回．2．答題前，請(qǐng)務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用0．5毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆填寫在試卷及答題卡的規(guī)定位置．3．請(qǐng)認(rèn)真核對(duì)監(jiān)考員在答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)與本人是否相符．4．作答選擇題，必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)的方框涂滿、涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，請(qǐng)用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案．作答非選擇題，必須用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆在答題卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律無(wú)效．5．如需作圖，須用2B鉛筆繪、寫清楚，線條、符號(hào)等須加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Hotthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.A．a(chǎn)lthoughB．whileC．a(chǎn)sD．however2．Anoldladycametothebusstoponlythebushadgone.A．torun;tofind B．running;tofind C．a(chǎn)ndran;finding D．running;finding3．helawisequallyappliedtoeveryone.Noone_______beaboveit.A．shall B．mustC．may D．need4．Thebusdroppedmeoffandpulledaway_____IrealizedIhadleftmybagonit.A．whileB．beforeC．a(chǎn)fterD．since5．KatewasverysadoverlossofthephotosshehadshotinChina,____thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A．ifB．whenC．a(chǎn)sD．which6．______hislove,Chrissenthismomathank-younoteonMother’sDay.A．ExpressingB．ExpressedC．ToexpressD．Havingexpressed7．---Couldweaccomplishthetaskaccordingtotheschedule?---Idoubtthat.Theproblemremains______wecangetfinancialaidwithinthisweek.A．that B．how C．why D．when8．Howlongdoyousupposeitis______hearrivedthere?A．whenB．beforeC．a(chǎn)fterD．since9．—Penny’sbabydaughternarrowlyescapeddrinkingthefurniturepolishonthecoffeetable.—Luckilyforher.She________sickorevendied.A．couldhavegot B．shouldhavegotC．musthavegot D．willhavegot10．--Areyouhappywiththislaboratory?--Notalittle.Wecan’thave________.A．a(chǎn)worseone B．a(chǎn)nicerone C．a(chǎn)worstone D．a(chǎn)nicestone11．---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot________byshipforachange?A．totrygoing B．tryingtogoC．totryandgo D．trygoing12．---MyGod!Ihaven’tpreparedthefilesforthenewprojectyet!---_______.Thebosswon’tneedituntilnextFriday.A．There’snodoubt B．There’snopanic C．Goodluck D．Soundsgood13．Theeducationalreformisnowunderwaythroughoutthecountry,________thestudentsmoreopportunitiestodeveloptotheirgreatestpotential.A．tograntB．havinggrantedC．grantingD．granted14．________onFebruary5,2019,theWanderingEarthsoonbecameagreathit.A．Releasing B．BeingreleasedC．Released D．Torelease15．Theydohaveadifferenttotheproblemofoverpopulation．A．solutionB．opinionC．decisionD．conclusion16．---Let'swalktothatvillagetogether.---__________.Howcanwetwogirlsdothatinthedark？A．Iagreewithyou. B．That'sagoodpoint.C．Youmustbejoking！ D．That'snotyouropinion！17．語(yǔ)音知識(shí)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)。1.anything A．many B．magazine C．manage D．match2.achieved A．practiced B．marked C．operated D．damaged3.dealt A.deal B．great C．meant D．leader4.seize A．either B.receive C.eight D.height5.youth A．thus B．breakthrough C．gather D．a(chǎn)lthough18．Moreandmorecollegegraduates,thesurveyshows,feelithardtofindasatisfactoryjob.A．what B．who C．a(chǎn)s D．that19．Thisisthefirsttimethatyourparentshavebeenabroad,______?A．haven’tthey B．hasn’tit C．a(chǎn)ren’tthey D．isn’tit20．Mikeislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoeshisboss.A．serves B．satisfiesC．promises D．supports第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）Theendoftheschoolyearisinsight-Christmascards，candycanesandofcourse，endofyearreports．Whilemostparentswelcomeanassessmentoftheirkids'performance，theydonotexpecttheirowninputtobeevaluated．ButaschoolintheUKischangingthat．Aswellasassessingtheirstudents，theyaredishingoutgradestomumsanddads．Parentsthatarereallyinvolvedintheirkids'educationarerewardedwithanA，andparentsthathaven'tdonetheirbitgetadisappointingD．Theschool，GreasleyBeauvalePrimaryinNottinghamshire，usesstandardsuchaswhethermumsanddadshaveattendedschooleventssuchasplaysandparentteachereveningstodecideonthegrade．Theschool'sprincipal，DonnaChambers，saidthattheschemehadbeenwellreceived．"Thereweresomecritics．Inspiteofit，between15percentand20percentofparentsstartedoutinthelowercategoriesbutnowthathasbeenreducedtojusttwopercent，"sheexplained．Chambershopesthattheschemewillhelpmotivateparentalinvolvement．"Thesystemisimportantbecauseyouhavegottogettheparentsonboardfromdayone．Thatonehourinitialconversationsayingtheycouldimprovewillmakeadifferencetotherestofthatchild'sacademiclife"，shesaid．Butwhiletheschememaybewellintentioned，itislikelytobeconnectedwithparentshaming．Therearelotsofreasonswhysomemumsanddadsmightnotbeinvolvedinschoolactivitiessuchasworkcommitments，lookingafteryoungerchildrenorcaringforelderlyrelatives．Andofcourse，beinginvolvedinyourkid'seducationdoesn'tbeginandendatschool．Thereisalotthatgoesonbehindthescenesfromhelpingwithhomeworktokeepinguniformsfreshlylaundered．Andwhataboutalltheparentswhostayedupsewingspecialcostumesatthelastminute？Surelythatearnsagoldstarinsteadofagrade!1、Whatdoschoolsusuallydoattheendoftheschoolyear？______A．Evaluatingkids'performances．B．MakingChristmascards．C．Dividingcandies．D．Gradingparents．2、Whatdoestheschool'sprincipalChamberssayaboutthescheme？______A．Itusesanewwaytoevaluatekids．B．Ithasgainedmuchacceptance．C．Itgivesparentsfurthereducation．D．Itimproveskids'motivationforlearning．3、Whatdoestheauthorthinkofparentsbeinginvolvedinkids'education？______A．Itaddstoparents'burden．B．Itbringsshametoparents．C．Itmeansfarmorethanbeinggraded．D．Itincreasesparents'commitmenttoeducation．4、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？______A．Thereistoomuchstressforparentsabouttheirchildren'sacademiclife．B．Parentsaswellastheirchildrenareonthelistoftheyearschoolreport．C．Parentsshouldbeinvolvedinchildren'sschoollife．D．Whetheraparentisexcellentdependsonthegradehegets．22．（8分）Afewyearsago,DarlaHoffpaintedapumpkinfaceontoaroundstrawbale(捆)atA1andKarenGoldman'sfarminIdahoPallstoadvertiseherU-pickpumpkinfield.WhileDarlahasstoppedgrowingpumpkins,theannualtraditionofstrawbaleartlivesonatthefarmandhasdrawnfriendsandneighborstoparticipateinit.Pastcreationshaveincludedanowl,Minions,tractorsandateddybear.Tomakethetractors,A1baledroundstrawbalesintwodifferentsizessmalleronesforthetractor'sfronttiresandlargeronesfortherear(尾部).Largesquarebalesmadeupthebodies.JerryKienlenusedhisfarmingequipmenttoarrangethebalesintheshapeoftwotractors.Thenitwastimetobringthetractorstolife.Karenandherdaughter.LanaHedrick,securedsomegreenpaint,andA1gotsomeredpaint.Darla'shusband,James,sprayedthecreationwithapaintgun.Forthefinishingtouches,Stevendonatedtwoshinyexhauststacks(排氣管),andA1andKarendonatedtwosteeringwheelsfromtheirfarmparts.Thefarm'sannualstrawbaleartprojectshavenowbecomeawayforeveryonetocelebratetheendofanothergrowingseason.It'sjustsomethingfuntodotogetherafterharvest.Thisneighborhoodhasalwaysbeenclose.Generationsofthesefamilieshavegrowncropsinthissoil.Raisedonthefarmswheretheylivenow,theygrewuptogetherastheireldersdidbefore.A1andKarenaretrulysuperneighbors.Everyyeartheyalsogrowabouttwoacresofcorntogiveaway.Anyonecanpicksome,orA1andKarenwillevendeliver.AndduringlongIdahowinters,everyonegathersatthefarmtoenjoyfreshcoffeeandcookies.Thisyear'sstrawhalecreationthemeisStrawWars.AndalleyeswillbeonA1andKaren'sfarmastheircreationtakesshape.1、WhydidDarlapaintapumpkinfaceontoastrawbale?A．Torecyclestrawbales.B．Topleasehisneighbors.C．Tocreateanewtradition.D．Tomakeanadvertisement.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thecreation"inParagraph2referto?A．Thestrawbaletires.B．Thesquarestrawbales.C．Thestrawbaletractors.D．Thefarmingequipment.3、Whatdolocalpeoplethinkofthestrawbaleartshow?A．Itneedssomethingfun.B．It’sagoodwaytocelebrateharvest.C．ItmakesA1andKarenfamousinthetown.D．Itstandsforthebeginningofanewseason.4、WhatkindofneighborsareA1andKarenaccordingtoParagraph3?A．Generous.B．Creative.C．Funny.D．Determined.?文章內(nèi)容Tomakethetractors,Albaledroundstrawbalesintwodifferentsizes-smalleronesforthetractor'sfronttiresandlargeronesfortherear(尾部).得知他們都在制作23．（8分）ManyAmericansthinkofdriverlesscarsasafuturistictechnologythatwillrevolutionizetravelincitiesandalongstatehighways.ButrecentexperimentsareprovingthatautonomousvehiclesalsohavethepotentialtoimprovethequalityoflifeformillionsofAmericansunderservedbytraditionalwaysoftransportation,suchastheelderlyanddisabled,solongaslawmakersmakesmartpoliciesthatpavethewayforinnovation.AretirementcommunityinSanJose,Calif,whichhasbeentransformedbyasmallfleet(車隊(duì))ofdriverlesstaxis,showsthepotentialofself-drivingcarstotransformpeople’slives.Builtbyatechstart-upcalledVoyage,themodified(被改進(jìn)的)FordFusionsarecurrentlylimitedtoatwo-mileroad,butresidentsarealreadyhavingthebenefitsoftheseautonomousvehicles,whichallowthemtoparticipateinsocialactivitiestheywouldotherwisebeunabletoenjoysimplybecausetheycouldnotgettothem.Whenthetrialrunfinallyexpandsto15milesofroad,theseresidents—whoseaverageageis76—willalsohaveaconvenientandreliablenewwaytoappointments.Asthesecarscontinuetoserveresidentsthere,itiseasytounderstandwhyCaliforniaismovingtosimplifyregulationsfortheindustry.InMichigan,forward-thinkingpolicieshavethepotentialtounlockotherhiddenbenefitsofautonomousvehicles,especiallyforthosewithphysicaldisability.TheMichiganDisabilityRightsCoalitionhasstronglyadvocatedforthedevelopmentofthistechnology,sayingthatitcouldgivepeoplewithdisabilitiesgreateropportunitiesintheworkforceandenablethemtoleadmorefulfilling(滿意的),independentlives.Manyrecognizethatautonomousvehicleswillbethefutureoftransportation,butitistoooftenoverlookedthatthisfuturecannotarrivefastenoughformillionsofAmericanswhoareforcedtodependonothersforday-to-daytravel.ThepolicymakersshouldfollowtheleadofplaceslikeCaliforniaandMichigan,andpassrulesandregulationstounlockthesehiddenbenefitsofdriverlesscars.1、What’stheattitudeofmostAmericanpeopletothefutureofautonomousvehicles?A．uncertain B．optimisticC．indifferent D．doubtful2、WhatisthemodifiedFordFusion?A．Akindofautonomousvehicle. B．Thenameofaretirementcommunity.C．Thecollectionofsocialactivities. D．Atwo-mileroadforself-drivingcars.3、Examplesaregiveninthethirdandfourthparagraphstoprove________.A．howdriverlesstechnologybenefitstheagedanddisabledB．whydriverlesscarsarerestrictedinmanystatesinAmericaC．whatarepreventingthedevelopmentofthetechnologyD．whendriverlesscarscanenterpeople’slifeeventually4、Whatdoestheauthorattempttoinformusinthelastparagraph?A．Theconceptofautonomousvehicleshasbeenwidelyrecognized.B．Regulationsshouldgohandinhandwithdriverlesstechnology.C．Thebenefitsofdriverlesscarshavebeenfullyunlocked.D．Theweakgroupsareoftenoverlookeddespitetechnologyadvances.24．（8分）Arainydaycanbeachancetorecharge.Whileyourelaxedonthesofawithamovie,theraindropsfallingonyourwindowsmightonedayprovidethepowerforyourTV.Thisistheideabehindaninventionthatharvestsenergyfromwater.Thetechnologyisbasedonthetriboelectric(摩擦電的)effect.AnengineerattheUniversityofHawaii,DavidMaknewthatit’spossibletogenerateelectricitybyrubbingtwothingstogether.So,hethought,“Whydon’tweusewater?”Adropofwaterslidingacrossasurfacecoatedwithtwodifferentmaterialswouldgenerateenoughfrictiontocreateanelectricalcharge.Byplacingmetalwiresthatthedropofwatertouchedasitmoved,itshouldbepossibletoharvestelectricity,hereasoned.Itworked.Infact,theresearcherslitup15LEDbulbswithasinglemovingwaterdrop.Thisisnotthefirsttimethatscientistshavegotelectricityfromwater-generatedfriction(摩擦).Earlierexperiments,though,harvestedthechargeproducedinasurfacebyaslidingdropofwater.There,thesurfacehadactedasanelectrode(電極).Thisisdifferent.Theenergyoffrictionisbeingharvestedfromthewateritself.“Itturnsout,”Masays,“thechargeinthewaterdropiswaymorethanthechargeproducedintheotherelectrode.”Infact,histeam’smodelgeneratedalmost100timesmorepowerthanpreviousexperimentsfromasingledropofwater.“Thetechnologycouldsomedaypowerphones,sensorsorothersmallelectronics,”saysChristopherOshman,anengineerattheColoradoSchoolofMines.“Thisworkisasteptowardharvestingtheenergyofmovingobjectsallaroundus,includingourselves,topowertheelectronicappliancesweuseeveryday,”hesays.Mahasshownthatthetechnologycanworkinalab,Oshmansays.Next,theColoradoresearcherwouldliketoseeittriedonalargerscale,suchasonanumbrella.1、Howdidtheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A．Bytellingastory.B．Byraisingaquestion.C．Bygivinganexample.D．Byimaginingasituation.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．Thewire. B．Thedropofwater.C．Thesurface. D．Theelectricity.3、WhatisuniqueaboutMa’stechniquecomparedwithearlierexperiments?A．Thewateritselfactsasanelectrode.B．Itisbasedonthetriboelectriceffect.C．Itproduceselectricityfromwater-madefriction.D．Itusesasurfacecoatedwithtwodifferentmaterials.4、WhatdoesOshmansayaboutMa’stechnology?A．Ithasapromisingfuture.B．Itwilldowellonanumbrella.C．Itworkswellintherealworld.D．Itwillreplacebatteriessomeday.25．（10分）Onthedaythetornadohit,therewasnoindicationsevereweatherwasonitsway—theskywasblueandthesunhadbeenout.Thefirstwarningmyhusband,JimmyandIgotcamearound9p.m.,fromsomescrollingtextontheTVJimmywaswatching.Nosoonerhadwefoundcoverageofthetornadothanitwasontopofus.Ididn’tknowhoworifwewouldmakeitdownthesteps.Itfeltasiftherewerenofloorunderneathmeasthewindliftedmeoffmyfeet.Igrippedthebanister(樓梯扶手)andtriedtomoveforward,butthisintensepressureheldmeinplace.Inthosesecondsofpracticalstillness,Icouldheareverythingaroundmerattling.Wegotclosetothestaircaselandingonlytoheartheloudripping（撕裂）soundofourgaragedoorcomingoff.Thebackwallofthehousefollowedsuitandtoreoffintothedarknessoutside.BythetimeIreachedthecloset,thetornadohadbeenoverusforaboutaminute.Jimmypushedmedowntotheclosetfloor,buthecouldn’tgetinsidehimselfbecauseofthewind.IheldJimmy’sarmtightlyasthetornadosuckedthedooropen—weneverdidgetitfullyshut—andtriedtobringJimmywithit.Mykneesandheadwerefullofglass,butinthatmoment,Ifeltnopain.IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebay.“Holdon!Holdon!”heyelled.Buttherewasnothinginthisclosettoholdonto.Allofasudden,Jimmyliftedoffhisfeetlikepeopleintornadoesdointhemovies.Ithoughthewasgone.Andtheneverythingstopped.Helandedonhisfeet.Inthosefirstquietmoments,Icouldn’tbelieveitwasover.Jimmysaidhe’dgooutsidetocheck.“No,”Isaid.“Don’tleaveme.Don’tleaveme.”1、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcoveragemean?A．damageB．reportsC．a(chǎn)rrivalD．delay2、Inthelastbuttwoparagraphs,whydidtheauthorfeelnopain?A．Becauseshewastooeagertohelpherhusbandtofeelit.B．Becauseshewasfrozeninamazement.C．Becauseshewasheldentirelybythepoweroftornado.D．Becauseshewasfrightenedbythedamagecausedbythedisaster.3、Thefeelingoftheauthorduringthedisastercanbedescribedas_______A．scared,surprisedbutcalmB．surprised,terrifiedbutdeterminedC．a(chǎn)stonished,confusedandmovedD．a(chǎn)mazed,determinedandgrateful第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）Itwas1972，andIwasinsecondgrade.Intheclassroomtheteacher，Ms.Boyette，was1aloudtousfromIslandoftheBlueDolphins.Andwehadjustcometoapartofthebookwherethemain2wastrainingawilddog.Iwaslistening，caughtupinthe3ofall.Notfarawayfromme，thereseatedaboywhoalwaysfrightenedor4others，soIwas5ofthisboy.WhileMs.Boyettewasreading，Ilookedoverathim，forhewassomeoneIwasinthe6ofkeepinganeyeon.I7thathewaslisteningtoo，thathewasengagedbythe8，thathewasleaningforwardinhisseatandlisteningwithallhisheart.I9athim，open-mouthed.Iwas10withasuddenknowledgethatthisboywasinfactjust11me.Hewasakidwholikedastory.Theboymust12myeyesonhim，becauseheturned.Thensomething13happened.Hesmiledatme.14，Ismiledback，unafraid.Weweretwo15smilingateachother.WhyhaveIneverforgottenthis16moment?WhydoIstill17everydetailofit?Ithinkit’sbecausethatmomentillustratessobeautifullythe18ofreadingoutloud.Itshowsusintoasaferoom，whereeveryoneinvolved，thereaderandthelistener，canhavethatchanceto19eachother.Wehumanslongnotjustforthestory，notjustfortheflowoflanguage，butforthe20thatcomeswhenwordsarereadaloud.1、A．shouting B．singing C．talking D．reading2、A．a(chǎn)uthor B．character C．reader D．listener3、A．wonder B．silence C．warmth D．comfort4、A．greeted B．touched C．hurt D．refused5、A．a(chǎn)ware B．terrified C．bored D．guilty6、A．habit B．form C．effort D．hope7、A．predicted B．imagined C．promised D．noticed8、A．speech B．story C．journey D．diary9、A．pointed B．nodded C．stared D．waved10、A．struck B．mixed C．cheated D．confused11、A．behind B．beyond C．a(chǎn)round D．like12、A．ignore B．feel C．meet D．observe13、A．useful B．natural C．serious D．a(chǎn)mazing14、A．Then B．Again C．Instead D．Besides15、A．strangers B．kids C．teachers D．enemies16、A．funny B．busy C．lucky D．small17、A．seek B．organize C．recall D．trust18、A．power B．courage C．a(chǎn)musement D．a(chǎn)bility19、A．cheer B．see C．miss D．mention20、A．challenge B．knowledge C．choice D．connection第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）PASSYOURLOVEONWaitingfortheairplanetotakeoff,Iwashappytogetaseatbymyself.Justthen,1．a(chǎn)irhostessapproachedmeandasked,“Wouldyoumind2．(change)yourseat?Acouplewouldliketosittogether.”Theonlypossiblewasnexttoagirlwithherarmsincasts,ablack-and-blueface,andasad3．(express).“NowayamIgoingtositthere,”Ithought4．(immediate).Butasoftvoicespoke,“Sheneedshelp.”Finally,Idecidedtomovetothatseat.ThegirlwasnamedKathy.She5．(hurt)inacaraccidentandnowwasonherwayfortreatment.Whenthesnackandjuicearrived,itdidnottakemelongtorealize6．Kathywouldnotbeabletofeedherself.Iconsideredoffering7．(feed)herbuthesitated,asitseemedtooimpolitetoofferaservicetoastranger.ButthenIrealizedthatKathy’sneedwasmoreimportantthanmydiscomfort.Ihelpedhereat,andthoughtshewas8．(comfort)toaccept,shedidasIexpected.Webecamecloserandcloserinashortperiodoftime.Bytheendofthefive-hourtrip,myhearthadwarmed,andthetimewasreallybetterspentthanifIhadjustsatbymyself.Lovesometimesflowsbeyondhumanbordersand9．(remove)thefearsthatkeepusseparate.Whenweoffertoserveanother,wegrowtoliveinalargerand10．rewardingworld.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加；在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Ilefthomeat17andpaymyownwaythroughcollege.Inthepast20years,IhaveworkedforeverythingIneeded.Soitshocksmewhatsomepeopleintheir20s,stillgettheirlifesupported