Training and Practicing in English Public Speaking 英語演講技巧與實(shí)訓(xùn)智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年

Training

and

Practicing

in

English

Public

Speaking

英語演講技巧與實(shí)訓(xùn)智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年Training

and

Practicing

in

English

Public

Speaking

英語演講技巧與實(shí)訓(xùn)Ittakeslongtimeofpracticetoimprovethepronunciation.Whatisthefirststeptomakechange?

A:Idon'tknowB:ClosingyourmouthC:OpeningyourmouthD:Smiling答案:OpeningyourmouthWhatisthemosteffectivewaytocheckyourspeed?

A:Listeningtootherpeople’scommentsonyourspeedB:RecordingyourselfC:SpeakingreallyfasteverydayD:Speakingreallyslowlyeveryday答案:RecordingyourselfWhatisthefirststepofgroupdiscussion?

A:DefiningtheProblemB:SuggestingPossibleSolutionsC:AnalyzingtheProblemD:EstablishingCriteriaforaWorkableSolution答案:DefiningtheProblemWhichofthefollowingmannerisnottherightmannerofaneffectivespeech?

A:UsingyourvoiceandbodytoattracttheaudienceB:TwistingyourbodyinadramaticwayC:StaringatyourfeetD:Changeyouremotion答案:TwistingyourbodyinadramaticwayHowmanytoolswecouldusetocommunicateeffectively?

A:5B:4C:7D:6答案:6Whichofthefollowingspeechbelongstoinformativespeech?

A:Someoneisaskinghis/herprofessortoextendthedeadlineofapaperB:SomeoneispresentingapaperataconferenceC:SomeoneisrecommendinganewbooktosomeoneelseD:Someoneisspeakingonawedding答案:SomeoneispresentingapaperataconferenceWhatisthepurposeofopeningourmouthaswideaspossibleandtwistingourteeth?

A:TopronouncevowelsclearlyandcorrectlyB:

ToshowothersourmouthsC:TobreathD:Tolaugh答案:Topronouncevowelsclearlyandcorrectly

Whatpracticecouldmakeyourvoicemorepowerfulandhelpsyouloseweight?

A:ListeningPracticeB:HummingPracticeC:Idon'tknowD:BreathingPractice答案:HummingPracticeWhatisthepurposeofsmilingwhenyouarepresentingaspeech?

A:TomakethespeechboringB:TobringyouraudiencecloserandshowyourconfidenceC:TomakeyoubeautifulD:Tomakethespeechfunny答案:TobringyouraudiencecloserandshowyourconfidenceWhatisthefirststepofbreathpracticing?

A:UsingyourdiaphragmtohelpbreatheB:BreathingindeeplyC:PuttingyourpalmsonyourribcagebelowyourchestD:Breathingoutslowly答案:PuttingyourpalmsonyourribcagebelowyourchestWhichofthefollowingsituationcan’tyouusepersuasivespeechskills?

A:Youwishtoshowyourfriendsthatdrinkingisnotanintelligentwaytohaveagoodtime.B:Youwanttoconvinceyourteacherthatmoretimeisneededtocompleteaclassproject.C:Youareexplainingthestepstodothisdish.D:Youwishtoconvinceyourparentsthatyoushouldbeabletoattendalocalconcert.答案:Youareexplainingthestepstodothisdish.whatistherightfunctionofpublicspeaking?

A:ManipulateothersB:TocatchyouraudiencesC:SaysomethinginmoreinterestingandsmarterwayD:Improveyourcommunicationskills答案:Manipulateothers“Howmanyofyouareeatingsomethingwhilewatchingmyclass?”,whichkindofquestiondoesitbelongto?

A:YesornoquestionB:SurveyC:YesornoquestionsD:Rhetoricalquestions答案:SurveyWhatwecoulddoforthetrainingofspeaking?

A:SittingwhilerehearsingB:SpeakinginalowvoiceC:RecordingyourselfandneverwatchyourvideosD:Stimulatingtherealpracticeenvironment答案:StimulatingtherealpracticeenvironmentWhichofthefollowingtipdoesnothelptomakeaneyecontact?

A:LookingateachpersonforanumberofsecondsB:MakingeyecontactwiththingsC:SweepingyoureyesaroundnaturallyD:Makingeyecontactwithpeopleatthefarsidesoftheaudience答案:MakingeyecontactwiththingsWeshouldbereallycarefulwhenweusecommonknowledge.

A:對B:錯答案:對There’snoneedtoevaluateonlineresources.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Youdothe“Chop”gesturewhenyouareverypersuasiveandwhenyouconveyanimportantfactthatyouareverysureof.

A:對B:錯答案:對Yourconclusionshouldbringsomefinalitytoyourspeech,andleavethemwithspaceforimaginationandthinking.

A:對B:錯答案:對Inasentence,emphasizenouns,verbs,adjectives,andsomeadverbs,proverbsandconjunctions.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Listeningisonlyanautomaticreactionofthesenseandnervoussystem.

A:對B:錯答案:錯Ifyoucanspeakreallyfastwithfewpauses,thismeansyoucanspeakreallyfluently.

A:對B:錯答案:錯Ifyourlistenerslaughatyouropeningjokeorpayattentiontoyourpersonalinstance,theywillcontinuetolisten.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Thekeyofpublicspeakingisallaboutrememberingthespeakerhim/herself.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Amongthe6majorelementsinpublicspeaking,thespeakeristhemostimportantone.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Agoodspeakeristhespeakerwhocankeepontalking

A:錯B:對答案:錯Ourmindsandmouthsworkatdifferentrates,wecanspeakandprocesstheinformationatthesametime.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Inthevocalprocess,itisspecificallyourbreathingsystemthatprovidesthepowerforvoiceproduction.

A:錯B:對答案:對Wedon’thavetomakeourspeecheasyandinterestingaslongasitismeaningful.

A:對B:錯答案:錯Yourspeechesarenotisolatedislands,butawebofconnection.

A:對B:錯答案:對Tomakeourlanguagemorepicturesque,youmayuserhetoricaldevicessuchasmetaphor,analogy,hyperbole,personification…

A:對B:錯答案:對Investigationshowsthatwespend60%ofourtimeinlistening,butwecanonlyremember25%.

A:錯B:對答案:對Youcanhelpyouraudienceremember

yourspeech

bymakingyourspeechasdifficult

aspossible.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Fluencyisequaltonopauses.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Noteveryoneneedstobethegroupleader,buteveryonedoeshaveanimportantroleindiscussion.

A:對B:錯答案:對Thinkingaboutideasistotallythesameofputtingthemdownonpaper.

A:錯B:對答案:錯ThevowelsandconsonantsofEnglishandChinesearecorresponding,soyoucanusethepronouncinghabitofyourmothertonguewhenyouarespeakingEnglish.

A:對B:錯答案:錯Duringyourspeech,youcanturnoffthelightforbetterprojectingeffects.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Therightorderofthe6stagesoflisteningisreceive,comprehend,evaluate,respond,interpretandremember.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Wecanuse“show”gestureto“picturize”ourcontent.

A:對B:錯答案:對Groups’decisionsmakeusmorecooperative,morereasonable,andmoreintelligent.

A:錯B:對答案:對Effectivelistenersplayanactiverolebyguidingthespeakertowardcommoninterests.

A:錯B:對答案:對UsingthepronouncinghabitofyourmothertonguewhenyouarespeakingEnglish.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Wemustavoidconflictswhenhavingagroupdiscussion.

A:錯B:對答案:錯Weshouldtryourbesttoremainobjectivewhilelisteninganddonotinterruptwhileotherpeoplearespeaking.

A:對B:錯答案:對Thereare4pointstohelpyoudoagreatjobinopeningofaspeech.

A:錯B:對答案:對Weshouldemphasizepronounsandconjunctionswhengivingaspeech.

A:對B:錯答案:錯Whatcanwedotomakeagoodconclusion?

A:TellingastoryofourownB:SimplyrepeatthebeginningpartofthespeechC:OfferaUtopianvisionD:Askouraudienceaquestion.答案:Askouraudienceaquestion###OfferaUtopianvision###TellingastoryofourownWhatshouldyoudotomakeasincereeyecontact?

A:Sweepeyesnaturally.B:Lookateachpersonforanumberofseconds.C:Makeeyecontactwithpeopleatthefarsidesoftheaudienceandpeopleinthecorner.D:Make“eyecontact”withwallswhenyouarenervous.答案:Sweepeyesnaturally###Lookateachpersonforanumberofseconds###MakeeyecontactwithpeopleatthefarsidesoftheaudienceandpeopleinthecornerWhichofthefollowingstatementofthereasonwhyweneedtowriteanoutlineisture?

A:AnoutlineservesasamapofthepresentationB:AnoutlinehelpsyourspendmoretimeinadjustingyourstructureandmakeyourspeechmorecoherentC:AnoutlinemakesgettingsuggestionsfromothersmucheasierD:Anoutlinemakesitdifficulttotellwhereextraresearchandsupportingmaterialsareneeded答案:Anoutlineservesasamapofthepresentation###AnoutlinemakesgettingsuggestionsfromothersmucheasierWhatdoesagoodcontentinclude?

A:VividlanguageandgoodlogicB:ComplicatedlanguageC:Well-organizedstructureD:Interestingtopic答案:Interestingtopic###Vividlanguageandgoodlogic###Well-organizedstructureWhichofthefollowingspeechisnotaceremonialspeech?

A:

AcommencementaddressB:AeulogyC:Anafter-dinnerspeechD:Acommemorativespeech答案:AI參考:正確答案是A:Acommencementaddress。\n這是一篇畢業(yè)典禮上的演講，不是正式場合的演講，因此不是一種正式的儀式性演講。其他選項(xiàng)如悼詞（B）、餐后演講（C）和紀(jì)念性演講（D）都是在正式場合的儀式性演講。因此，答案為A。'SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen‘svoices.Patriarchalcultureandinstitutionsconstructedthemaschaste,silent,obedient,andsubordinate.Atthebeginningofthe17thcentury,theideologyofpatriarchy,politicalabsolutism,andgenderhierarchywerereaffirmedpowerfullybyKingJamesinTheTrewLawofFreeMonarchieandtheBasilikonDoron;bythatideologytheabsolutepowerofGodthesupremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthehusbandandfatherofafamily.Accordingly,awoman‘ssubjection,firsttoherfatherandthentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarch,andofallChristianstoGod.Also,theperiodsawanoutpouringofrepressiveorovertlymisogynistsermons,tracts,andplays,detailingwomen‘sphysicalandmentaldefects,spiritualevils,rebelliousness,shrewishness,andnaturalinferioritytomen.

Yetsomesocialandculturalconditionsservedtoempowerwomen.DuringtheElizabethanera(1558—1603)theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.Elizabethanwomenwritersbegantoproduceoriginaltextsbutwereoccupiedchieflywithtranslation.Inthe17thcentury,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteoriginaltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities—mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefemalefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne(KingJames‘consort)andheroftenoppositionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation(modernlanguages,history,literature,religion,music,occasionallyLatin)andsomeapparentlyfoundinromancesandhistoriesmoreexpansivetermsforimaginingwomen‘slives.Also,representationofvigorousandrebelliousfemalecharactersinliteratureandespeciallyonthestagenodoubthelpedtoundermineanymonolithicsocialconstructofwomen‘smatureandrole.

Mostimportant,perhaps,wastheradicalpotentialinherentintheProtestantinsistenceoneveryChristian‘simmediaterelationshipwithGodandprimaryresponsibilitytofollowhisorherindividualconscience.ThereisplentyofsupportinStPaul‘sepistlesandelsewhereintheBibleforpatriarchyandawife‘ssubjectiontoherhusband,butsometexts(notablyGalatians3:28)inscribeaverydifferentpolitics,promotingwomen‘sspiritualequality:―ThereisneitherJewnorGreek,thereisneitherbondnorfree,thereisneithermalenorfemale:foryearealloneinJesusChrist.‖SuchtextsencouragedsomewomentoclaimthesupportofGodthesupremepatriarchagainstthevariousearthlypatriarchswhoclaimedtostandtowardtheminhisstead.

Thereisalsothegaporslippagebetweenideologyandcommonexperience.Englishwomenthroughoutthe17thcenturyexercisedagooddealofaccrualpower:asmanagersofestatesintheirhusbands‘a(chǎn)bsencesatcourtoronmilitaryanddiplomaticmissions;asmembersofguilds;aswivesandmotherswhoapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnum(1640-60)astheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles—aspreachers,asprophetesses,asdeputiesforexiledroyalisthusbands,aswritersofreligiousandpoliticaltracts.

答案:AI參考:【】根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，下面說法不正確的一項(xiàng)是（）。\n\nA.在17世紀(jì)初期，男性至上、性別等級制度和神權(quán)政治專制的理念被加強(qiáng)了\n\nB.英國的王權(quán)制度中的絕對權(quán)力表現(xiàn)在社會生活中的方方面面\n\nC.有些女性團(tuán)體提供了一些抗衡男性文化現(xiàn)象的砝碼\n\nD.17世紀(jì)的一些女性擁有良好的教育背景，并且有更大的想象空間去想象女性的生活\n\n正確答案是：B.英國的王權(quán)制度中的絕對權(quán)力表現(xiàn)在社會生活中的方方面面。\nB項(xiàng)表述錯誤，根據(jù)原文“theabsolutepowerofGodthesupremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthehusbandandfatherofafamily”可知，文中只提到神權(quán)政治專制的理念被加強(qiáng)了，并沒有提到英國的王權(quán)制度中的絕對權(quán)力表現(xiàn)在社會生活中的方方面面。ACD三項(xiàng)表述正確，故選B。'PresidentClinton‘sdecisiononApr.8tosendChinesePremierZhuRongjipackingwithoutanagreementonChina‘sentryintotheWorldTradeOrganizationseemedtobeamassivemiscalculation.ThePresidenttookadrubbingfrommuchofthepress,whichhadbreathlesslyreportedthatadealwasinthebag.TheCabinetandWhitHousestillappeareddivided,andbusinessleaderswerecharacterizedasfuriousoverthelostopportunity.ZhuchargedthatClintonlacked―thecourage‖toreachanaccord.AndwhenClintonlatertelephonedtheangryZhutopledgearenewedeffortatnegotiations,thegesturewaswidelyportrayedasaflip-flop.Infact,ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal.Alotmorehorsetradingisneededbeforeafinalagreementcanbereached.AndwithouttheAdministration‘sgoalofa―bullet-proofagreement‖thatbusinesslobbyistscanenthusiasticallyselltoaRepublicanCongress,thewholeprocesswillendupinpartisanacrimonythatcouldharmrelationswithChinaforyears.THEHARDPART.Manybusinesslobbyists,whiledisappointedthatthedealwasnotclosed,agreethatbettertermscanstillbehad.AndTreasurySecretaryRobertE.Rubin,NationalEconomicCouncilDirectorGeneB.Sperling,CommerceSecretaryWilliamM.Daley,andtoptradenegotiatorCharleneBarshefskyalladvisedClintonthatwhiletheChinesehadmadearemarkablenumberofconcessions,―we‘renotthereyet,‖accordingtoseniorofficials.NegotiatingwithZhuovertheremainingissuesmaybetheeasypart.AlthoughClintoncansignalU.S.approvalforChina‘sentryintotheWTOhimself,heneedsCongresstograntBeijingpermanentmost-favored-nationstatusaspartofabroadtradeaccord.AndthetemptationformeddlingonCapitalHillmayproveover-whelming.ZhuhadbarelylandedbeforeSenateMajorityLeaderTrentLott(R-Miss)declaredhimselfskepticalthatChinadeservedentryintotheWTO.AndSenatorsJesseA.Helms(R-N.C.)andEmestF.Hollings(D-S.C.)promisedtointroduceabillrequiringcongressionalapprovalofanydeal.Thehiddenmessagefromthesethreetextile-stateSoutherners:GetmoreprotectionfortheU.S.clothingindustry.Hopingtosmooththeway,theAdministrationtried,butfailed,tobudgeZhuontextiles.Alsoleftinthelurch:WallStreet,Hollywood,andDetroit.ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon―cultural‖restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing.BIGJOB.Already,businesslobbyistsareblanketingCapitolHilltopresaleanyeventualagreement,butwhatthey‘veheardsofarisn‘tencouraging.Republicans,includingLott,saythat―thetimejustisn‘tright‖forthedeal.Translation:We‘redeterminedtomakeitlookasifClintonhascapitulatedtotheChineseandisignoringhuman,religious,andlaborrightsviolations;thetheftofnuclear-weaponstechnology;andthesaleofmissilepartstoAmerica‘senemies.Beijing‘sfiercecriticswithintheDemocraticParty,suchasSenatorPaulD.WellstoneofMinnesotaandHouseMinorityleaderRichardA.GephardtofMissouri,won‘thelp,either.JusthowtoughthelobbyingjobonCapitolHillwillbebecomeclearonApr.20,whenRubinlectured19chiefexecutivesontheneedtodisciplinetheirRepublicanallies.WithbusinessandtheWhiteHousestilltradingchargesoverwhoisresponsibleforthedefeatoffast-tracktradenegotiatinglegislationin1997,workingtogetherwon‘tbeeasy.AndRepublicans—withawink—saythatthey‘lleventuallyembraceChina‘sentryintotheWTOasafavortoCorporateAmerica.ThoughnotlongbeforetheytortureClinton.ButZhuisoutonalimb,andifCongressoverdoesthecriticism,hemaybeforcedbydomesticcriticstorenege.BusinessmustmakethismuchdeartobothitsGOPalliesandtheWhitHouse:Thishistoricdealistooimportanttorisklosingtoanymorepartisansquabbling

答案:AI參考:根據(jù)這段文字，可以得出以下結(jié)論：\n\n*總統(tǒng)克林頓在爭取更好的WTO協(xié)議方面的決定是正確的，因?yàn)樾枰嗟慕灰撞拍苓_(dá)成最終協(xié)議。\n*如果沒有政府的“防彈協(xié)議”目標(biāo)，整個過程可能會演變成黨派之間的爭吵，這可能會損害與中國的關(guān)系。\n*在談判剩余問題上，與朱镕基進(jìn)行談判可能是容易的部分。然而，克林頓需要國會授予中國永久最惠國地位，作為廣泛貿(mào)易協(xié)定的組成部分。\n*在國會山，干涉的誘惑可能會很強(qiáng)烈。\n*這項(xiàng)歷史性的協(xié)議對商業(yè)和白宮來說非常重要，不能因?yàn)辄h派之間的爭吵而失去。\n*商業(yè)游說者正在國會山進(jìn)行游說，但到目前為止，他們聽到的信息并不令人鼓舞。\n*包括Lott在內(nèi)的共和黨人表示，現(xiàn)在不是達(dá)成協(xié)議的時(shí)機(jī)。這意味著他們決心讓人們認(rèn)為克林頓屈從于中國，忽視人權(quán)、宗教和勞工權(quán)利的侵犯，以及核武器技術(shù)的盜竊和向敵對國家出售導(dǎo)彈部件的行為。\n*對于商業(yè)和白宮來說，這項(xiàng)歷史性的協(xié)議至關(guān)重要，不能因?yàn)楦嗟狞h派爭吵而失去。\n\n因此，這段文字表明，為了達(dá)成一項(xiàng)對各方都至關(guān)重要的協(xié)議，需要所有利益相關(guān)方的合作和妥協(xié)。'TEXTB<br>SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModemEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’svoices.Patriarchalcultureandinstitutionsconstructedthemaschaste,silent,obedient,andsubordinate.Atthebeginningofthe17<SUP>th</SUP>century,theideologyofpatriarchy,politicalabsolutism,andgenderhierarchywerereaffirmedpowerfullybyKingJamesinTheTrewLawofFreeMonarchieandtheBasilikonDoron;bythatideologytheabsolutepowerofGodthesupremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthehusbandandfatherofafamily.Accordingly,awoman’ssubjection,firsttoherfatherandthentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarch,andofallChristianstoGod.Also,theperiodsawanoutpouringofrepressiveorovertlymisogynistsermons,tracts,andplays,detailingwomen’sphysicalandmentaldefects,spiritualevils,rebelliousness,shrewishness,andnaturalinferioritytomen.<br>Yetsomesocialandculturalconditionsservedtoempowerwomen.DuringtheElizabethanera(1558～1603)theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.Elizabethanwomenwritersbegantoproduceoriginaltextsbutwereoccupiedchieflywithtranslation.Inthe17<SUP>th</SUP>century,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteoriginaltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities-mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefemalefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne(KingJames’consort)andheroftenoppositionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation(modernlanguages,history,literature,religion,music,occasionallyLatin)andsomeapparentlyfoundinromancesandhistoriesmoreexpansivetermsforimaginingwomen’slives.Also,representationofvigorousandrebelliousfemalecharactersinliteratureandespeciallyonthestagenodoubthelpedtoundermineanymonolithicsocialconstructofwomen’smatureandrole.<br>Mostimportant,perhaps,wastheradicalpotentialinherentintheProtestantinsistenceoneveryChristian’simmediaterelationshipwithGodandprimaryresponsibilitytofollowhisorherindividualconscience.ThereisplentyofsupportinStPaul’sepistlesandelsewhereintheBibleforpatriarchyandawife’ssubjectiontoherhusband,butsometexts(notablyGalatians3:28)inscribeaverydifferentpolitics,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality:"ThereisneitherJewnorGreek,thereisneitherbondnorfree,thereisneithermalenorfemale:foryearealloneinJesusChrist."SuchtextsencouragedsomewomentoclaimthesupportofGodthesupremepatriarchagainstthevariousearthlypatriarchswhoclaimedtostandtowardtheminhisstead.<br>Thereisalsothegaporslippagebetweenideologyandcommonexperience.Englishwomenthroughoutthe17<SUP>th</SUP>centuryexercisedagooddealofaccrualpower:asmanagersofestatesintheirhusbands’absencesatcourtoronmilitaryanddiplomaticmissions;asmembersofguilds;aswivesandmotherswhoapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnum(1640～1660)astheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles—aspreachers,asprophetesses,asdeputiesforexiledroyalisthusbands,aswritersofreligiousandpoliticaltracts.<br>WhatdidtheQueenElizabethdoforthewomeninculture

答案:Shedidlittle.TEXTB<br>SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModemEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’svoices.Patriarchalcultureandinstitutionsconstructedthemaschaste,silent,obedient,andsubordinate.Atthebeginningofthe17<SUP>th</SUP>century,theideologyofpatriarchy,politicalabsolutism,andgenderhierarchywerereaffirmedpowerfullybyKingJamesinTheTrewLawofFreeMonarchieandtheBasilikonDoron;bythatideologytheabsolutepowerofGodthesupremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthehusbandandfatherofafamily.Accordingly,awoman’ssubjection,firsttoherfatherandthentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarch,andofallChristianstoGod.Also,theperiodsawanoutpouringofrepressiveorovertlymisogynistsermons,tracts,andplays,detailingwomen’sphysicalandmentaldefects,spiritualevils,rebelliousness,shrewishness,andnaturalinferioritytomen.<br>Yetsomesocialandculturalconditionsservedtoempowerwomen.DuringtheElizabethanera(1558～1603)theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.Elizabethanwomenwritersbegantoproduceoriginaltextsbutwereoccupiedchieflywithtranslation.Inthe17<SUP>th</SUP>century,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteoriginaltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities-mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefemalefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne(KingJames’consort)andheroftenoppositionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation(modernlanguages,history,literature,religion,music,occasionallyLatin)andsomeapparentlyfoundinromancesandhistoriesmoreexpansivetermsforimaginingwomen’slives.Also,representationofvigorousandrebelliousfemalecharactersinliteratureandespeciallyonthestagenodoubthelpedtoundermineanymonolithicsocialconstructofwomen’smatureandrole.<br>Mostimportant,perhaps