英語中的簡單句、復合句、復雜句

SimpleandcomplexsentencesinEnglish目錄OverviewofsimplesensesCompositionandclassificationofcompoundsensesComplexpresenceanalysisandexamplesComparisonofsimplesenses,complexsenses,andcomplexsenses目錄CommonproblemsandcorrectionsofmisconceptionsExplorationofMethodstoImproveEnglishSentenceExpressionAbility01OverviewofsimplesensesItisthemostbasicpresencestructureinEnglishgrammar,typicallycontainingasubjectandapredicateSimplesensesareconsistentanddirect,makingthemeasytounderstandAsimplepresenceisapresencethatcontainsoneindependentclauseandexpressionsacompletethoughtDefinitionandcharacteristicsSubjectverbpresence01Themostbasictypeofsimplepresence,consistencyofasubjectandaverbForexample,"Johnruns."Subjectverbobjectpresence02Thistypeofsimplepresenceincludesasubject,verb,andanobjectForexample,"Johneatsanapple."Subjectverbcompletionsentence03Inthistype,thesubjectisfollowedbyaverbandacompletionthatcompletesthemeaningoftheverbForexample,"Johnisadoctor."SimplepresencestructuretypesThesearestatementsthatmakeadeclarationorassignmentForexample,"Iamhappy."DeclarativeintentionsThesearequestionsthataskforinformationForexample,"Areyouhappy?"InterrogtivesensesThesearecommandsorrequeststhattellsomeonetodosomethingForexample,"Pleasebequiet."ImperativesensesTheseexpressstrongemotionsorexceptionsForexample,"Iamsohappy!"ExceptionalsensesCommonexpressions02CompositionandclassificationofcompoundsensesAcompoundcomplexpresenceisapresencethatcombinesbothcompoundandcomplexpresencestructuresItcontainsatleasttwoindependentclausesandatleastonedependentclause"Althoughitwastraining,wedecidedtogoforawalkbecauseweneededtheexercise."Inthisexample,"Althoughitwastraining"isadependentclause,"wedecidedtogoforawalk"and"weneededtheexercise"areindependentclausesThepresencecombinesbothcompound(twoindependentclauses)andcomplex(dependentclause)structuresDefinitionExampleAnalysisCompoundcomplexpresenceAsubsidiarycompoundpresenceisatypeofcompoundpresenceinwhichthetwomainclassesarejoinedbyasubsidiaryjunction,whichcreatesadependentdependentclassrelationship"Afterwefinisheddinner,wewentforawalk."Inthispresence,"Afterwefinisheddinner"isadependentclauseintroducedbytheborderingconnection"after,"and"wewentforawalk"isanindependentclauseThesubcoordinatingconnectioncreatesadependentdependentdependentclauserelationshipDefinitionExampleAnalysisSubordinatecompositeDefinition:AcomplexcompoundpresenceisapresencethatcontainsmultipleindependentclausesandatleastonedependentclauseItcombinesthecharacteristicsofbothcompoundandcomplexsensesComplexcompoundsensesExample:"Becauseitwastraining,wedecidedtostayinsideandwatchamovieinstallofgoingforawalk."Analysis:Thispresencecontainstwoindependentclauses("wedecidedtostayinside"and"watchamovieinstallofgoingforawalk")andadependentclause("Becauseitwastraining")Thedependentclauseisintroducedbythesubcoordinatingconnection"because,"whichcreatesacomplexpresencestructureThetwoindependentclaimsarejoinedbythecoordinatingconnection,creatingacompoundsentencestructureComplexcompoundsenses03ComplexpresenceanalysisandexamplesAnounclausecanfunctionasthesubjectofasense,justlikeasinglenounExample:"Whatshesaidmadesense."Inthissense,"Whatshesaid"isanounclausefunctionasthesubjectNounclaimscanbeintroducedbywordslike"that,""which,""who,""who,""who,""who,""who,""what,""whatever,""which,"and"who."AnounclauseasthesubjectAnadvisoryclause,alsoknownasanadvisoryclause,isadependentclausethatmodifiesanounorpronouninthepresenceObjectiveclausesprovideadditionalinformationaboutthenountheymodify,suchasitscharacteristics,ownership,ortheactionitperformsExample:"ThebookthatIreadwasexcellent."Here,"thatIread"isanobjectiveclausemodifyingthenoun"book."AdaptiveclausesmodifynounsAnadvisoryclauseisadependentclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutthemainclause,suchastime,place,condition,contrast,process,purpose,reason,result,ormanagerExample:"Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam."Inthissentence,"Ifyoustudyhard"isanadvisoryclausedescribingaconditionAdverbialclausescanbeintroducedbysubcoordinatingconnectionslike"because,""if,""appropriate,""when,""where,""before,""after,""while,"andmanymoreAdverbialclaimsdescribeactionsorstates04Comparisonofsimplesenses,complexsenses,andcomplexsensesStructuraldifferencesSimplesenses:ConsistofasingleindependentclausewithasubjectandapredicateForexample,"Shesingsbeautifully."Compoundsenses:Competeoftwoormoreindependentclaimsjoinedbyacoordinatingconnection(e.g.,and,but,or)Forexample,"Shesingsbeautifully,andsheplaystheguitar."Complexsenses:ContainatleastoneindependentclauseandoneormoredependentclausesAdependentclausecannotstandaloneasacompletethoughtandisintroducedbyasubcoordinatingconnection(e.g.,because,although,if)Forexample,"Becauseshesingsbeautifully,heaskedhertojointheschool."SimplesensesConveyasingle,completethoughtinastraightforwardmanTheyareconsistentandeasytounderstandCompoundintentionsAllowfortheexpressionofmultiplerelatedideasinasinglepresence,creatingamorecomplexandlayeredmeaningComplexsensesAddnuanceanddepthtotheexpressionofideasbyintroducingdependentclausesthatmodifyorclarifythemainclauseTheycanaccommodatereasonsandeffects,conditions,andotherlogicalrelationshipsComparisonofexpressioneffects010203SimpleintentionsAfterbeingusedininformationwritingandspeech,aswellasinformalwritingwhenclarityandconsistencyareparamountsTheyarealsocommoninheadlines,labels,andotherplaceswherebrevityiskeyCompoundintentionsUsefulforcombiningrelatedideasorforcreatingabalancebetweentwoclaimsofequalimportanceTheycanadddiversityandinteresttowritingComplexsensesAppropriateforformalwritingandacademictextswherepreciselanguageanddetailedexpressionarevaluedTheycanaddsocializationanddepthtoanargumentornarrativeUsagescenarioanalysis05CommonproblemsandcorrectionsofmisconceptionsSimplesensesareindependentclausesthatexpressacompletethought,whilecompoundsensesaremadeupoftwoormoreindependentclausesjoinedbyacoordinatingconnection(e.g.,and,but,or)orasemiconductorAcommonmistakeistofusethetwo,resultinginrunonsensesorcommonpatchesTocorrectthis,ensurethateachclauseinacompoundpresencecanstandaloneasacompletethoughtandthattheappropriatefunctionisusedtoseparatetheclausesConfusingtheconceptsofsimpleandcomplexsensesComplexconsiderationsofanindependentclauseandoneormoredependentclausesThedependentclausecannotstandaloneasacompletethoughtandistypicallyintroducedbyasubcoordinatingconnection(e.g.,because,although,while)Acommonerroristooverlooktheroleofthedependentclause,whichcanleadtofusionorambiguityToavoidthis,ensurethatthedependentclauseisclearlylinkedtotheindependentclauseandthatitsfunction(e.g.,cause,contrast,condition)isclearlycommunicatedNeglectingthefunctionofclaimsincomplexsensesConjunctionsandjunctionmarksplayacriticalroleinpresencestructure,helpingtoclarifytherelationshipsbetweenclausesandphrasesCommonmissesincludeusingthewrongconnection(e.g.,using"and"insteadof"but"toexpresscontrast)oromittingnecessarypunches(e.g.,failingtouseacommaafteranintroductionphrase)Toimproveclarityandavoidfusion,carefullyconsidertheappropriatejunctionorpunctationmarktouseineachcontextIncorrectuseofconnectionsorpunctationmarks06ExplorationofMethodstoImproveEnglishSentenceExpressionAbilityReadextensively:ReadingisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoenhancevocabularyandlearnnewwaysofexpressionByreadingawiderangeoftexts,includingnovels,newspapers,andacademicarticles,youcanexposeyourselftoavarietyofvocabularyandpresencestructuresMakevocabularylists:Keepalistofnewwordsandphrasesforyouraccountantwhilereading,andreviewthemregularlytocommitthemtomemoryLearnsynonymsandantonyms:Understandingsynonyms(wordswithsimilarmeans)andantonyms(wordswithoppositemeans)canhelpyouexpressideasmorepreciselyandadddiversitytoyourpresencestructureEnhancevocabularyandmastermorewaysofexpressionReadclassicliteratureClassicliteratureofcontainsexitlanguageandpresencestructureByreadingandimprovingtheseworks,youca