2023年高考英語搶分秘籍（新高考專用）高考英語閱讀理解二：同義替換詞 一

高考英語閱讀理解：同義替換詞（1）

同義替換Unitl.........................................................................................................................."1-

同義替換Unit2..........................................................................................................................-2-

同義替換Unit3..........................................................................................................................-3-

同義替換Unit4..........................................................................................................................-4-

在閱讀理解的某些細(xì)節(jié)題中，正確選項(xiàng)與原文的大意相同但表達(dá)方式不同，即進(jìn)行了同義轉(zhuǎn)

換。如2020年全國I卷第33題，正確選項(xiàng)中用lackof替代了原文中的beshonof（缺乏）；

2019年全國I卷第29題，正確選項(xiàng)中用varyfrompersontoperson替代了原文中的unique（獨(dú)

一無二的）。對(duì)此，我們歸納了常見的150組同義表達(dá)，供考生復(fù)習(xí)參考。事實(shí)上，同義結(jié)

構(gòu)放在一塊記，有助于擴(kuò)大詞匯量；掌握這些同義表達(dá)，對(duì)閱讀和寫作，以及解答其他題，

都是非常有益的。

同義替換Unitl

充滿befullof,befilledwith,befloodedwith,becrowdedwith

區(qū)分distinguish/tellAfromB

親自personally,inperson

只有only,nobody/nothingbut

出版comeout,bepublished

尤其particularly,inparticular

鍛煉exercise,workout

謀生make/earnaliving

代表represent,standfor,(be)onbehalfof

結(jié)合combine,mixsthup

前進(jìn)advance,moveforward

舒適comfortable,atease

十年decade,tenyears

兩周fortnight,twoweeks

二十score,twenty

十二dozen,twelve

成人adult,grown-up

刪除delete,cutout

下降，減少decline,come/godown,drop,fall,decrease,reduce

移走remove,takeaway

吸收absorb,takein

與???——致agree/beconsistent/correspondwith

把…分開breaksthapart,split/divide/separatesth

用…替換replace...with,use...asanalternativeto...

同義替換Unit2

回答answer,replyto

收割harvest,gather,getin

抵制boycott,refusetoaccept,resist,reject

與…相反/對(duì)立contradict,beoppositeto

代替replace,taketheplaceof

背誦recite,learn...byheart

害怕fear,beafraid/scaredof

退(學(xué))quit,dropoutof(school)

推遲delay,postpone,putoff

去拿來fetch,goandbringback

相匹配match,gowith

精力充沛energetic,fullofenergy

少數(shù)aminorityof,asmallnumberof

打擾causetroubleto,bother,disturb

描述describe,giveadescriptionof

后來afterwards,afterthat,lateron

缺席beabsentfrom,benotpresentat

目前nowadays,atpresent,atthepresenttime

宣布announce/declaresth,makesthknowntothepublic

重要count,matter,beimportant,beofimportance,significant,vital,crucial

擔(dān)心worryabout,beconcerned/anxiousabout

提至l]mention,referto,talkabout/of

偶然地incidentally,accidentally,bychance/accident/coincidence,casually,occasionally

同義替換Unit3

展覽onshow/display/exhibition

勇敢(去做)bebraveto,havecourageto

違法的illegal,notlegal,againstthelaw

滿足需要caterto/meet/satisfytheneed

放棄abandon,goawayfrom,leave,giveup

信任，信賴irust,believe,haveconfidence/faithin

在農(nóng)村/城市inthecountryside/city,rural/urbanareas

勸某人做advisesbtodo,trytopersuadesbtodo

取消cancel,calloff

勸某人不要做discouragesbfromdoing,persuadesbnottodo取消

除...之夕卜besides,aswellas,inadditionto,apartfrom

制訂計(jì)劃makeaplan,workoutaplan,drawupaplan

逃跑escape,runaway

開始存在appear,comeintobeing,comeintoexistence

進(jìn)入enter,come/gointo

防…止疾病protect...fromsickness,avoid/preventsickness

用完某物runoutofsth,lacksth,sthrunout,sthbeusedup

方式，方法way,solution,approach,method,means

情況良好in(a)goodcondition,inagoodstate/situation

置若罔聞turnadeafearto,refusetolistento

高興起來cheerup,becomehappy

全世界allover/aroundtheworld,worldwide,globally,internationally

重力gravity,thepulloftheearth

算出calculate,figureout

與...不同differfrom,bedifferentfrom,varyfrom...to...

亂七八糟inamess,indisorder

氣喘吁吁breathless,outofbreath

做出決定determine,decide,makeadecision

對(duì)..有害doharmto,beharmfulto

相似，相像resemble,belike,besimilarto

低語，耳語whisper,speakinalowvoice

同義替換Unit4

尋找，追求seek,look/search/huntfor

茫然，困惑ataloss,puzzled/confused

取笑，逗弄tease,makefunof,laughat,amuse

提高，改善improve,make/becomebetter

慶祝celebrate,holdacelebration

長胖puton/gainweight,growfat

熟悉know...well,befamiliarwith

處理handle,settle,dealwith,copewith

至!］處everywhere,hereandthere

力口速accelerate,speedup,quicken

值得，應(yīng)得deservesth,beworthyofsth,beworthdoingsth

保證，確保ensure,guarantee,makesure/certain

把某物分配給某人allocatesthtosb,dividesthamongsb

一年一次的annual,yearly,everyyear

可進(jìn)入/接近的beaccessible,beeasytoenter/reach/use

使能做某事enablesbtodo,makesbabletodo

寧做A不做BdoAratherthan(doing)B,doAinsteadof(doing)B

出國goabroad,gotoaforeigncountry

控告accusesbofsth,chargesbwithsth

成功做某事managetodosth,succeedindoingsth

突然笑/哭起來burstintolaughter/tears,burstoutlaughing/crying

不理，忽視ignore,overlook,paynoattentionto

挨餓，餓死starve,gohungry,diefromhunger

充當(dāng)；起..的作用actas,serveas

榜樣model,example

怒視glareat,lookatsthangrily

平靜的calm,notexcited

抽象的abstract,notspecific

積極的active,notpassive

殘酷地cruelly,withoutmercy,mercilessly

復(fù)雜的complicated,notsimple,complex

人造的artificial,man-made

故意地deliberately,onpurpose,purposely

再一次again,oncemore,onceagain,overandoveragain

獨(dú)自地alone,byoneself

有危險(xiǎn)indanger,atrisk

占…比例accountfor,makeup

青少年adolescent,teenager

同義替換Unit5

看醫(yī)生gotosee/consultadoctor

更喜歡prefersth,likesthbetter

使生氣annoysb,makesbangry

報(bào)道此事cover/reporttheevent

很多alot(of),agreatdeal(of)

影響交通holdup/blocktraffic

澄清,闡明clarify,makesthclear

可得到的beavailable,beeasilygot

吸引某人interest/attract/drawsb,appealtosb,catchsb'seye/attention

無論如何anyhow,inanyway

在...后面behind,atthebackof

無論什么whatever,nomatterwhat

使某人高興cheersbup,makesbhappy

雇用某人employ/hiresb,takesbon

受歡迎的bepopularwith,bewellreceived(by...)

得出結(jié)論conclude,drawaconclusion

弄明白figureout,findout

試驗(yàn)tryout,test

反對(duì)beagainst,oppose,objectto,disagreewith,disapproveof

認(rèn)為think/believethat,holdtheviewthat,argue/claimthat

做報(bào)告giveapresentation/talk/speech

輟學(xué)，退學(xué)dropoutofVleaveschool

優(yōu)于，勝過havetheadvantageover,havetheedgeover,bebetterthan

對(duì)某人生氣getangrywithsb,getcrosswithsb,beannoyedwithsb

有機(jī)會(huì)使用/做haveaccesstosth,havethechanceofdoingsth

對(duì)??…全然不知beinthedarkabout,knownothingabout

告訴某人某事tellsbsth,informsbofsth,keepsbinformedofsth

致力于apply/bend/commit/devoteoneselfto,bebent/committed/devotedto

旨在做aim/beaimedatdoing,bedesigned/intendedtodo,bemeanttodosth

一…就…ondoing;immediately,directly,instantly;themoment,theminute,thesecond,the

instant;assoonas,nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when

老年人oldpeople,theold,seniorcitizens,theaged,theelderly

聰明的clever,bright,wise,smart

同義替換Unit6

1.particular=special=specific=unique特另！］的,獨(dú)有的

2.absorb=takein吸收

3.settleon=makechoiceof=decideon選定

4.advantage=edge=upperhand優(yōu)勢(shì)

5.accompany=keepsbcompany=gowith陪伴，伴隨

6.view=belief=opinion=insight觀點(diǎn)

7.charge=fee=fare費(fèi)用

8.involve...with=associate...with=link...to=relate...to與…有關(guān)聯(lián)

9.release=issue=launch=convey=deliver發(fā)行，發(fā)表

10.difficult=demanding=hard=tough困難的

11.task=job=work=labour任務(wù),工作

12.instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地

13.react=respond反應(yīng)

14.subjectiveviews=personal/individualviews(opinions)主觀觀點(diǎn)

15.understand=see=follow=grasp=comprehend=takein=figureout理解,想出

16.assessment=evaluation=estimate=judgment評(píng)估,估計(jì)

17.appear=surface=cometolight出現(xiàn)

18.remain=keep=stay=maintain保持

19.development=evolution=growth=progress發(fā)展

20.foster=raise=bringup養(yǎng)育

21.overtake=catchup=sweepover趕上，壓倒

22.initial=original=premier最初的,開始的

23.whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but=yet然而，但是

24.reduce=decrease=lessen=cut減少,減〃、

25.postpone=putoff=delay延期，推遲

26.crucial=important=critical=vital=necessary=essential至關(guān)重要的

27.attempt=effort嘗試,努力

28.encourage=promote=fuel=further激發(fā)，促進(jìn)

同義替換Unit7

1?"看look;see;watch;observe;notice;catchsightof;stare;glare;glance;glimpse;seea

film;watchTV

2.“說”:telllsthtosb.=tellsbsth;talkwithsbaboutsth;saysth;speakinEnglish;whisper

sthtosb;informsbofsth;reason/talk/persuadesbintodoingsth;bargain;chat;repeat;

explain;warn;remind;discuss;debate;figure;declare;claim;mention;admit;deny;

describe;announce;introduce;complain

3.“口U”：cry;call;shout;scream;moan;sigh;quarrel

4.“問ask;interview;express;question

5?“答answer;respond;reply

6?"聽listento;hear;pickup;overhear

7?“笑smile;laugh;burstintolaughter;burstoutlaughing

8?"哭"：cry;shedtears;weep;sob;burstintotears/burstoutcrying

9.“吃/喝”：eat/drink;sip;haveameal;havesupper;toast;taste;treatsbto;helponeselfto

10?"穿"：puton;wear;haveon;bedressedin;makeup;getchanged;beinred;takeoff;

remove

11.“行walk;run;climb;jump;skip;slip;come/go;enter;move;drive;ride;fly;crawl

12."坐"：sitdown;beseated;seatoneself;takeaseat,stand;lean

13.“睡/休息”:lie/onone'sback/onone'sside/onone'sstomach;stayinbed;havearest;

takeanap;beasleep;bend;turnover;rest

14.“寫”：dictate;writesth;describe;dropaline;draw;takedown/writedown

15,拿/放“：take;bring;hold;carry;fetch;lif;put;lay;pull;push

16.“抓"：takeholdof;seize;grasp;scratch

17.“打”:hit;beat;strike;blow;attack

18."扔throw;drop;fall;wave;shake

19."送"：send;deliver;give;offer;seeoff

20.“摸碘ouch;fold;embrace;hug;hold;inone'sarms

21.“踢/碰kick;knock;tip

22.“找/查find;lookfor;findout;discover/explore;huntfor;searchfor;seek,seekforin

searchof;searchsb;searchsp.forsth;check;examine;test;inspect

23?“得"：get;obtain;acquire;gain;possess

24?"失lose;belost/bemissing/gone;greatloss

25?“有have;own;conquer;occupy；possess

26?“無”：nothingleft;theremainingthing;disappear;bemissing/gone

27.“增/減”：rise/goup,drop;raise;bringdown/reduce;increase/decrease

28.“買/賣”：buy;purchase;afford;pay;payoff;payfor;sell;onsale;bargain;bill/cheque

/cash/creditcard/notes/coins;discounts

29?“存在/消失“：comeintobeing;exist;appear;survive;live;show;turnup;disappear;die;

dieout;passaway;beoutofsight

30.“變化"：develop;improve;become;grow;go+bad/wrong/sour;turn+colour;change

/changeinto;reform

31."成功/失敗makeit;succeed;makeprogress;cometrue;realizeone5sdream;win;lose;

failtodo;defeat;sufferloss;beat;turnsth.intoreality

32?“努力try/manage;makeefforts;attempt;doone'sbest;doasmuchasonecantodo

33.祝賀：congratulatesb.onsth.;celebrate;observe;gettogether

34?敬佩：admire;respect;showrespectfor/to;adore;envy;bejealousy

35.贊美/批評(píng)：praise;thinkhighlyof;blamesbforsth;sbistoblame;criticize/scoldsb.for

sth.;havealowopinionofsb;speakillof

36.喜/惡：like;love;befondof;bekeenon;becrazyabout;adore;beinto;prefer;enjoy;

dislikehate;ignore

37?至|J達(dá)：arriveat;reach;returnto;getto;stayinsp.;visit;leave;leavefor

38.受傷：hurt;injure;wound;cut;kill;drown;bleed;getburnt;sufferfrom;sufferaloss

39?損壞：damage;destroy;ruin;breakdown;crash;bebroken

40.修復(fù)：repair;rebuild;restore;fix;recoveroneself

41.“認(rèn)識(shí)的過程“：feel;sense;guess;suppose;wonder;doubt;know/learnrealize

understandremember;befamiliarwith;recall;recite;applyto

42?認(rèn)為;判斷：think;believe;consider;find;feel;conclude;infer;doubt

43.想/考慮：thinkof...as...;thinkabout;consid