典型微塑料與水環(huán)境中PPCPs的復合毒性及吸附行為研究

典型微塑料與水環(huán)境中PPCPs的復合毒性及吸附行為研究一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle隨著人類對塑料制品依賴程度的不斷增加，微塑料（Microplastics,MPs）作為塑料分解的產(chǎn)物，已廣泛分布于水環(huán)境中，成為新興的環(huán)境污染物。另一方面，藥品和個人護理產(chǎn)品（PharmaceuticalsandPersonalCareProducts,PPCPs）作為人類日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，其在水環(huán)境中的殘留也對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成了潛在威脅。微塑料因其微小的尺寸、高的比表面積以及潛在的吸附能力，可能成為PPCPs在水環(huán)境中的載體，進而影響PPCPs的環(huán)境行為及生物毒性。因此，研究典型微塑料與水環(huán)境中PPCPs的復合毒性及吸附行為，對于評估微塑料和PPCPs的復合污染風險、制定相應的環(huán)境管理策略具有重要的理論和實踐意義。Withtheincreasingdependenceofhumansonplasticproducts,microplastics(MPs),asproductsofplasticdecomposition,havebeenwidelydistributedinwaterenvironmentsandbecomeemergingenvironmentalpollutants.Ontheotherhand,pharmaceuticalsandpersonalcareproducts(PPCPs)areanindispensablepartofhumandailylife,andtheirresiduesinwaterenvironmentsposeapotentialthreattoecosystems.Microplastics,duetotheirsmallsize,highspecificsurfacearea,andpotentialadsorptioncapacity,maybecomecarriersofPPCPsinaquaticenvironments,therebyaffectingtheenvironmentalbehaviorandbiologicaltoxicityofPPCPs.Therefore,studyingthecompositetoxicityandadsorptionbehavioroftypicalmicroplasticsandPPCPsinwaterenvironmentsisofgreattheoreticalandpracticalsignificanceforevaluatingthecompositepollutionriskofmicroplasticsandPPCPsandformulatingcorrespondingenvironmentalmanagementstrategies.本文旨在系統(tǒng)研究典型微塑料（如聚乙烯、聚丙烯等）與水環(huán)境中常見PPCPs（如抗生素、激素等）之間的相互作用關(guān)系。通過室內(nèi)模擬實驗，探究微塑料對PPCPs的吸附特性，包括吸附動力學、吸附熱力學及吸附機理等。通過生物毒性測試，評估微塑料與PPCPs復合污染對水生生物（如魚類、藻類等）的毒性效應，揭示復合污染對水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的潛在風險。本文的研究結(jié)果將為理解微塑料與PPCPs在水環(huán)境中的行為及生態(tài)風險提供科學依據(jù)，為未來的環(huán)境管理和污染治理提供理論支持。Thisarticleaimstosystematicallystudytheinteractionbetweentypicalmicroplastics(suchaspolyethylene,polypropylene,etc.)andcommonPPCPs(suchasantibiotics,hormones,etc.)inwaterenvironments.Throughindoorsimulationexperiments,exploretheadsorptioncharacteristicsofmicroplasticsonPPCPs,includingadsorptionkinetics,adsorptionthermodynamics,andadsorptionmechanism.EvaluatethetoxiceffectsofmicroplasticsandPPCPscombinedpollutiononaquaticorganisms(suchasfish,algae,etc.)throughbiologicaltoxicitytesting,andrevealthepotentialrisksofcombinedpollutiononaquaticecosystems.TheresearchresultsofthisarticlewillprovidescientificbasisforunderstandingthebehaviorandecologicalrisksofmicroplasticsandPPCPsinwaterenvironments,andprovidetheoreticalsupportforfutureenvironmentalmanagementandpollutioncontrol.二、微塑料的毒性效應Toxiceffectsofmicroplastics微塑料作為一種新型的環(huán)境污染物，其毒性效應已逐漸引起人們的關(guān)注。微塑料的毒性主要來源于其物理性質(zhì)、化學組成以及表面吸附的有害物質(zhì)。這些物質(zhì)在與水環(huán)境中的生物體接觸時，可能會產(chǎn)生一系列的生物毒性作用。Asanewtypeofenvironmentalpollutant,thetoxiceffectsofmicroplasticshavegraduallyattractedpeople'sattention.Thetoxicityofmicroplasticsmainlycomesfromtheirphysicalproperties,chemicalcomposition,andharmfulsubstancesadsorbedontheirsurfaces.Thesesubstancesmayproduceaseriesofbiologicaltoxicityeffectswhenincontactwithorganismsintheaquaticenvironment.微塑料的物理性質(zhì)，如尺寸、形狀和硬度，可能對生物體產(chǎn)生直接的物理損傷。微塑料的尺寸通常小于5毫米，可以輕易進入許多水生生物的體內(nèi)，對其組織器官造成劃傷或堵塞。這種物理損傷可能導致生物體的生理功能紊亂，甚至死亡。Thephysicalpropertiesofmicroplastics,suchassize,shape,andhardness,maycausedirectphysicaldamagetolivingorganisms.Thesizeofmicroplasticsisusuallylessthan5millimetersandcaneasilyenterthebodiesofmanyaquaticorganisms,causingscratchesorblockagestotheirtissuesandorgans.Thisphysicaldamagemayleadtophysiologicaldysfunctionandevendeathoftheorganism.微塑料的化學組成也是其產(chǎn)生毒性的重要因素。微塑料主要由聚合物材料制成，如聚乙烯、聚丙烯等。這些聚合物在降解過程中可能釋放出有毒的化學物質(zhì)，如添加劑、塑化劑等。這些化學物質(zhì)進入水環(huán)境后，可能通過食物鏈進入生物體內(nèi)，對生物體產(chǎn)生慢性毒性作用。Thechemicalcompositionofmicroplasticsisalsoanimportantfactorintheirtoxicity.Microplasticsaremainlymadeofpolymermaterials,suchaspolyethylene,polypropylene,etc.Thesepolymersmayreleasetoxicchemicalssuchasadditives,plasticizers,etc.duringthedegradationprocess.Thesechemicalsmayentertheaquaticenvironmentthroughthefoodchainandhavechronictoxiceffectsonorganisms.微塑料的表面常常吸附有多種有害物質(zhì)，如重金屬、有機污染物等。這些物質(zhì)在微塑料表面的吸附可能增強其在水環(huán)境中的穩(wěn)定性和生物可利用性。當微塑料被生物體攝入時，這些吸附的有害物質(zhì)也可能隨之進入生物體內(nèi)，對生物體產(chǎn)生復合毒性作用。Thesurfaceofmicroplasticsoftenadsorbsvariousharmfulsubstances,suchasheavymetals,organicpollutants,etc.Theadsorptionofthesesubstancesonthesurfaceofmicroplasticsmayenhancetheirstabilityandbioavailabilityinaquaticenvironments.Whenmicroplasticsareingestedbylivingorganisms,theseadsorbedharmfulsubstancesmayalsoenterthebodyandhaveacompoundtoxiceffectontheorganism.微塑料的毒性效應是多方面的，包括物理損傷、化學毒性和復合毒性等。這些毒性效應可能對水環(huán)境中的生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。因此，深入研究微塑料的毒性效應及其機制，對于評估微塑料的環(huán)境風險和保護水環(huán)境安全具有重要意義。Thetoxiceffectsofmicroplasticsaremultifaceted,includingphysicaldamage,chemicaltoxicity,andcompoundtoxicity.Thesetoxiceffectsmayhaveprofoundimpactsonthestructureofbiologicalcommunitiesandthestabilityofecosystemsinaquaticenvironments.Therefore,in-depthresearchonthetoxiceffectsandmechanismsofmicroplasticsisofgreatsignificanceforevaluatingtheenvironmentalrisksofmicroplasticsandprotectingwaterenvironmentsafety.三、PPCPs的環(huán)境行為及其生態(tài)風險TheEnvironmentalBehaviorandEcologicalRisksofPPCPsPPCPs（藥品和個人護理品）作為一類廣泛使用的化合物，已經(jīng)逐漸進入水環(huán)境，并對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生潛在影響。PPCPs的環(huán)境行為主要包括其在環(huán)境中的遷移、轉(zhuǎn)化和生物積累等過程，這些過程將直接影響PPCPs在環(huán)境中的濃度分布和毒性效應。PPCPs(pharmaceuticalsandpersonalcareproducts),asawidelyusedclassofcompounds,havegraduallyenteredtheaquaticenvironmentandhavepotentialimpactsonecosystems.TheenvironmentalbehaviorofPPCPsmainlyincludestheirmigration,transformation,andbioaccumulationprocessesintheenvironment,whichwilldirectlyaffecttheconcentrationdistributionandtoxiceffectsofPPCPsintheenvironment.遷移與轉(zhuǎn)化：PPCPs進入水環(huán)境后，通過地表徑流、地下水滲透等方式進行遷移。在遷移過程中，PPCPs可能經(jīng)歷光解、水解、氧化還原等化學轉(zhuǎn)化，導致其結(jié)構(gòu)改變和毒性變化。PPCPs還可能與其他環(huán)境物質(zhì)（如微塑料）發(fā)生相互作用，進一步影響其環(huán)境行為。Migrationandtransformation:Afterenteringthewaterenvironment,PPCPsmigratethroughsurfacerunoff,groundwaterinfiltration,andothermeans.Duringthemigrationprocess,PPCPsmayundergochemicaltransformationssuchasphotolysis,hydrolysis,andredoxreactions,leadingtostructuralandtoxicchanges.PPCPsmayalsointeractwithotherenvironmentalsubstances(suchasmicroplastics),furtheraffectingtheirenvironmentalbehavior.生物積累：PPCPs具有一定的生物積累性，特別是那些脂溶性較高、分子量較小的PPCPs。這些物質(zhì)可能通過食物鏈進入生物體內(nèi)，并在生物體內(nèi)積累，對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成潛在風險。Bioaccumulation:PPCPshaveacertaindegreeofbioaccumulation,especiallythosewithhighlipidsolubilityandsmallmolecularweight.Thesesubstancesmayentertheorganismthroughthefoodchainandaccumulatewithintheorganism,posingpotentialriskstotheecosystem.生態(tài)風險：PPCPs對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響主要體現(xiàn)在對水生生物的毒性和生態(tài)平衡的影響。一些PPCPs可能對水生生物產(chǎn)生急性毒性，導致生物死亡或生殖能力下降。PPCPs還可能影響生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的食物鏈和生物多樣性，對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和功能造成威脅。Ecologicalrisk:TheimpactofPPCPsonecosystemsismainlyreflectedintheirtoxicitytoaquaticorganismsandtheirimpactonecologicalbalance.SomePPCPsmayhaveacutetoxicitytoaquaticorganisms,leadingtobiologicaldeathordecreasedreproductiveability.PPCPsmayalsoaffectthefoodchainandbiodiversityofecosystems,posingathreattotheirstabilityandfunction.在復合污染體系中，PPCPs與微塑料的交互作用可能加劇其生態(tài)風險。微塑料作為載體，可能促進PPCPs在水環(huán)境中的遷移和擴散，提高其生物可利用性。微塑料表面的吸附作用可能改變PPCPs的生物毒性，增加其對水生生物的潛在風險。Inacompositepollutionsystem,theinteractionbetweenPPCPsandmicroplasticsmayexacerbatetheirecologicalrisks.Asacarrier,microplasticsmaypromotethemigrationanddiffusionofPPCPsinaquaticenvironments,improvingtheirbioavailability.TheadsorptioneffectonthesurfaceofmicroplasticsmayalterthebiologicaltoxicityofPPCPsandincreasetheirpotentialrisktoaquaticorganisms.因此，深入研究PPCPs的環(huán)境行為及其與微塑料的復合毒性，對于評估PPCPs的生態(tài)風險和制定有效的環(huán)境保護策略具有重要意義。未來的研究應關(guān)注PPCPs在環(huán)境中的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化機制、生物積累特性以及其與微塑料的交互作用機制，為水環(huán)境保護提供科學依據(jù)。Therefore,in-depthresearchontheenvironmentalbehaviorofPPCPsandtheircombinedtoxicitywithmicroplasticsisofgreatsignificanceforevaluatingtheecologicalrisksofPPCPsandformulatingeffectiveenvironmentalprotectionstrategies.Futureresearchshouldfocusonthemigrationandtransformationmechanism,bioaccumulationcharacteristics,andinteractionmechanismbetweenPPCPsandmicroplasticsintheenvironment,providingscientificbasisforwaterenvironmentprotection.四、微塑料與PPCPs的復合毒性研究StudyontheCompositeToxicityofMicroplasticsandPPCPs隨著微塑料在水環(huán)境中的普遍存在，其與PPCPs（藥品和個人護理品）的復合毒性逐漸受到人們的關(guān)注。PPCPs通常通過污水處理廠排放到環(huán)境中，它們在環(huán)境中的濃度雖然較低，但由于持續(xù)排放和累積效應，可能對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生長期影響。微塑料因其比表面積大、吸附能力強等特點，可能成為PPCPs在水環(huán)境中的載體，從而影響PPCPs的環(huán)境行為和生態(tài)風險。Withthewidespreadpresenceofmicroplasticsinaquaticenvironments,theircombinedtoxicitywithPPCPs(drugsandpersonalcareproducts)isgraduallyreceivingattention.PPCPsareusuallydischargedintotheenvironmentthroughsewagetreatmentplants.Althoughtheirconcentrationsintheenvironmentarelow,theymayhavelong-termimpactsontheecosystemduetocontinuousdischargeandcumulativeeffects.Microplastics,duetotheirlargespecificsurfaceareaandstrongadsorptioncapacity,maybecomecarriersofPPCPsinaquaticenvironments,therebyaffectingtheenvironmentalbehaviorandecologicalrisksofPPCPs.本研究采用多種方法，包括室內(nèi)模擬實驗、生態(tài)毒理學實驗和分子生物學技術(shù)等，探討了微塑料與PPCPs的復合毒性。通過室內(nèi)模擬實驗，我們研究了微塑料對PPCPs吸附和解吸的影響。實驗結(jié)果表明，微塑料對PPCPs的吸附能力較強，且吸附過程符合Langmuir吸附模型。微塑料的存在還影響了PPCPs在水環(huán)境中的遷移和轉(zhuǎn)化，從而改變了PPCPs的環(huán)境行為。Thisstudyusedvariousmethods,includingindoorsimulationexperiments,ecotoxicologicalexperiments,andmolecularbiologytechniques,toexplorethecombinedtoxicityofmicroplasticsandPPCPs.Throughindoorsimulationexperiments,weinvestigatedtheeffectofmicroplasticsontheadsorptionanddesorptionofPPCPs.TheexperimentalresultsindicatethatmicroplasticshaveastrongadsorptioncapacityforPPCPs,andtheadsorptionprocessconformstotheLangmuiradsorptionmodel.ThepresenceofmicroplasticsalsoaffectsthemigrationandtransformationofPPCPsinaquaticenvironments,therebyalteringtheenvironmentalbehaviorofPPCPs.在生態(tài)毒理學實驗中，我們選取了幾種代表性的水生生物作為實驗對象，研究了微塑料與PPCPs復合暴露對水生生物的毒性效應。實驗結(jié)果顯示，微塑料與PPCPs的復合暴露對水生生物的生長、繁殖和生存產(chǎn)生了顯著影響，且復合毒性具有疊加和協(xié)同作用。這表明微塑料與PPCPs的復合污染可能對水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生更大的風險。Inecologicaltoxicologyexperiments,weselectedseveralrepresentativeaquaticorganismsasexperimentalsubjectsandstudiedthetoxiceffectsofmicroplasticsandPPCPscombinedexposureonaquaticorganisms.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatthecombinedexposureofmicroplasticsandPPCPshasasignificantimpactonthegrowth,reproduction,andsurvivalofaquaticorganisms,andthecombinedtoxicityhasasynergisticeffect.ThisindicatesthatthecombinedpollutionofmicroplasticsandPPCPsmayposegreaterriskstoaquaticecosystems.為了深入探討微塑料與PPCPs復合毒性的機理，我們還采用了分子生物學技術(shù)，研究了復合暴露對水生生物基因表達和蛋白質(zhì)合成的影響。實驗結(jié)果表明，復合暴露導致了一些關(guān)鍵基因的表達發(fā)生變化，進而影響了蛋白質(zhì)的合成和功能。這些變化可能對水生生物的生理功能和代謝過程產(chǎn)生深遠影響。InordertofurtherexplorethemechanismofthecombinedtoxicityofmicroplasticsandPPCPs,wealsoemployedmolecularbiologytechniquestoinvestigatetheeffectsofcombinedexposureongeneexpressionandproteinsynthesisinaquaticorganisms.Theexperimentalresultsindicatethatcompoundexposureleadstochangesintheexpressionofsomekeygenes,whichinturnaffectsproteinsynthesisandfunction.Thesechangesmayhaveprofoundimpactsonthephysiologicalfunctionsandmetabolicprocessesofaquaticorganisms.微塑料與PPCPs的復合毒性研究對于評估水環(huán)境中微塑料和PPCPs的生態(tài)風險具有重要意義。未來的研究應進一步關(guān)注微塑料與PPCPs復合污染的來源、遷移轉(zhuǎn)化、生態(tài)毒性和風險評估等方面，為制定有效的環(huán)境保護措施提供科學依據(jù)。ThestudyofthecombinedtoxicityofmicroplasticsandPPCPsisofgreatsignificanceforassessingtheecologicalrisksofmicroplasticsandPPCPsinwaterenvironments.Futureresearchshouldfurtherfocusonthesources,migrationandtransformation,ecologicaltoxicity,andriskassessmentofmicroplasticsandPPCPscombinedpollution,inordertoprovidescientificbasisforformulatingeffectiveenvironmentalprotectionmeasures.五、微塑料對PPCPs的吸附行為研究StudyontheadsorptionbehaviorofmicroplasticsonPPCPs微塑料作為新興的環(huán)境污染物，其對水體中藥物和個人護理品（PPCPs）的吸附行為日益引起關(guān)注。本研究通過批量吸附實驗，詳細探討了微塑料對PPCPs的吸附特性，并揭示了微塑料的吸附能力與PPCPs種類、溶液pH、離子強度等環(huán)境因素的相互關(guān)系。Asanemergingenvironmentalpollutant,theadsorptionbehaviorofmicroplasticsondrugsandpersonalcareproducts(PPCPs)inwaterisincreasinglyattractingattention.ThisstudyexploredindetailtheadsorptioncharacteristicsofmicroplasticsonPPCPsthroughbatchadsorptionexperiments,andrevealedtherelationshipbetweentheadsorptioncapacityofmicroplasticsandenvironmentalfactorssuchasPPCPstype,solutionpH,andionstrength.實驗選用了幾種常見的微塑料類型，包括聚乙烯（PE）、聚丙烯（PP）、聚苯乙烯（PS）等，并選擇了具有不同化學性質(zhì)的PPCPs，如抗生素、消炎藥、洗滌劑成分等。在靜態(tài)條件下，通過改變PPCPs初始濃度、接觸時間、溶液pH和離子強度等參數(shù)，系統(tǒng)研究了微塑料對PPCPs的吸附動力學和熱力學行為。Severalcommontypesofmicroplasticswereselectedfortheexperiment,includingpolyethylene(PE),polypropylene(PP),polystyrene(PS),etc.PPCPswithdifferentchemicalpropertieswerealsoselected,suchasantibiotics,anti-inflammatorydrugs,detergentcomponents,etc.Understaticconditions,theadsorptionkineticsandthermodynamicbehaviorofmicroplasticsonPPCPsweresystematicallystudiedbychangingparameterssuchasinitialconcentration,contacttime,solutionpH,andionstrength.結(jié)果顯示，微塑料對PPCPs的吸附能力因塑料類型和PPCPs性質(zhì)而異。一般來說，微塑料對PPCPs的吸附過程符合準二級動力學模型，表明吸附過程受化學吸附控制。熱力學參數(shù)如吸附自由能、焓變和熵變表明，微塑料對PPCPs的吸附過程是自發(fā)的放熱過程。TheresultsshowthattheadsorptioncapacityofmicroplasticsonPPCPsvariesdependingonthetypeofplasticandthepropertiesofPPCPs.Generallyspeaking,theadsorptionprocessofmicroplasticsonPPCPsfollowsaquasisecondorderkineticmodel,indicatingthattheadsorptionprocessiscontrolledbychemicaladsorption.Thermodynamicparameterssuchasadsorptionfreeenergy,enthalpychange,andentropychangeindicatethattheadsorptionprocessofmicroplasticsonPPCPsisaspontaneousexothermicprocess.溶液pH對微塑料吸附PPCPs的行為具有顯著影響。隨著pH的升高，微塑料表面的電荷性質(zhì)發(fā)生變化，從而影響其與PPCPs之間的相互作用。離子強度同樣會影響微塑料對PPCPs的吸附，高離子強度可能通過競爭吸附位點或改變?nèi)芤褐械碾x子平衡來影響吸附過程。ThepHofthesolutionhasasignificantimpactontheadsorptionbehaviorofmicroplasticsontoPPCPs.AsthepHincreases,thesurfacechargepropertiesofmicroplasticschange,therebyaffectingtheirinteractionwithPPCPs.IonstrengthcanalsoaffecttheadsorptionofPPCPsbymicroplastics,andhighionstrengthmayaffecttheadsorptionprocessbycompetingforadsorptionsitesorchangingtheionbalanceinthesolution.本研究為深入理解微塑料在水環(huán)境中的行為及其對PPCPs遷移轉(zhuǎn)化的影響提供了重要依據(jù)。然而，仍需進一步探討微塑料在實際水環(huán)境中的吸附行為，以及與其他環(huán)境因素的相互作用機制。需要開發(fā)有效的去除和治理微塑料污染的技術(shù)手段，以保障水環(huán)境和人類健康的安全。ThisstudyprovidesimportantevidenceforadeeperunderstandingofthebehaviorofmicroplasticsinwaterenvironmentsandtheirimpactonthemigrationandtransformationofPPCPs.However,furtherexplorationisneededtoinvestigatetheadsorptionbehaviorofmicroplasticsinactualwaterenvironmentsandtheirinteractionmechanismswithotherenvironmentalfactors.Itisnecessarytodevelopeffectivetechnicalmeansforremovingandtreatingmicroplasticpollutiontoensurethesafetyofwaterenvironmentandhumanhealth.六、結(jié)論與展望ConclusionandOutlook本研究深入探討了典型微塑料與水環(huán)境中PPCPs（藥品與個人護理品）的復合毒性及吸附行為。通過系列實驗與數(shù)據(jù)分析，得出以下ThisstudydelvesintothecompositetoxicityandadsorptionbehavioroftypicalmicroplasticsandPPCPs(drugsandpersonalcareproducts)inwaterenvironments.Throughaseriesofexperimentsanddataanalysis,thefollowingconclusionshavebeendrawn:微塑料因其特殊的物理化學性質(zhì)，能夠吸附多種PPCPs，形成復合污染物。這種吸附作用受到多種因素的影響，包括微塑料的種類、大小、表面性質(zhì)，以及PPCPs的化學結(jié)構(gòu)、水環(huán)境條件等。Microplastics,duetotheirspecialphysicalandchemicalproperties,canadsorbvariousPPCPsandformcompositepollutants.Thisadsorptioneffectisinfluencedbyvariousfactors,includingthetype,size,surfacepropertiesofmicroplastics,aswellasthechemicalstructureofPPCPsandwaterenvironmentalconditions.微塑料與PPCPs的復合毒性顯著高于單一污染物。這種復合毒性不僅體現(xiàn)在對水生生物的急性毒性上，還表現(xiàn)在對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的長期影響上。微塑料可以作為PPCPs的載體，將其運輸?shù)礁h的區(qū)域，從而擴大污染范圍。ThecombinedtoxicityofmicroplasticsandPPCPsissignificantlyhigherthanthatofasinglepollutant.Thiscompoundtoxicityisnotonlyreflectedinitsacutetoxicitytoaquaticorganisms,butalsoinitslong-termimpactonecosystems.MicroplasticscanserveascarriersforPPCPsandtransportthemtofurtherareas,therebyexpandingthescopeofpollution.PPCPs在微塑料上的吸附行為符合一定的動力學和熱力學規(guī)律。吸附過程往往是一個吸熱、自發(fā)的過程，且符合Langmuir或Freundlich等吸附模型。TheadsorptionbehaviorofPPCPsonmicroplasticsfollowscertainkine