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Module7GreatbooksUnit3Languageinuse1.Theirworksarestillreadbymanypeopletoday.2.We’restillinfluencedbyConfucius’sideas.3.Itisstillreadandlovedbypeopleallovertheworld.4.ThestoryissetinthetownofStPetersburg,Missouri,intheUS,inthenineteenthcentury.5.ItiswrittenineverydayEnglish.6.ItisthoughttobeoneofthegreatestAmericanstories.Grammar主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。
被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。Weplant
trees.Treesareplanted
byus.B.
被動(dòng)語態(tài)
(thePassiveVoice)A.
主動(dòng)語態(tài)
(theActiveVoice)英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài):被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法:(1)表達(dá)“被…”、“受…”、“遭…”之類的語義.Theteachersarewellrespected.Thechildiswelllovedbypeople.(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作承受者.Heisknownfarandwide.(3)沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者.Theroomiscleanedeveryday.(4)為禮貌起見避免提及動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者.IwonderifIwasallowedtointroducemyself.
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)肯定句:否定句:主語+am/is/are+過去分詞(+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者)主語+am/is/are+not+過去分詞(+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者)ThebabyislookedafterbyBetty.ThebabyisnotlookedafterbyBetty.—Am/Is/Are+主語+過去分詞(+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者)—Yes,主語+am/is/are./No,主語+am/is/are+not.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)特殊疑問詞+am/is/are+主語+過去分詞(+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者)一般疑問句:特殊疑問句:—IsthebabylookedafterbyBetty—Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.WhomisthebabylookedafterbyReview選擇正確的詞完成句子:
Review1.She____(likes/isliked)byallofus.2.Theriverisverydeep.People_________(tell/aretold)nottoswimhere.3.Thesoup______(tastes/istasted)verydelicious.4.Thesehouses________(painted/arepainted)everyyear.5.Thedress______(feels/isfelt)softandcomfortable.主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)的方法Activevoice
and
Passivevoice動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者動(dòng)作動(dòng)作接受者M(jìn)anypeople
speak
English.English
isspokenbymanypeople.動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者動(dòng)作動(dòng)作接受者歌訣是:賓變主,主變賓,by短語后面跟。
謂語動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng),be后“過分”來使用。SVOChildren
love
thisbook.步驟:1.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。2.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞)。3.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語放在介詞___之后作賓語。by例1玲玲每年都邀請(qǐng)我去她的生日派對(duì)。Lingling
invites
metoherbirthdaypartyeveryyear.改為被動(dòng)句:我每年都被玲玲邀請(qǐng)去她的生日派對(duì)。I
aminvited
byLinglingtoherbirthdaypartyeveryyear.例2很多人喜歡史努比。Alotofpeoplelove
Snoopy.改為被動(dòng)句:史努比被很多人喜歡。Snoopy
isloved
byalotofpeople.將下列主動(dòng)句改為被動(dòng)句:1.Hetakesthemedicinethreetimeseveryday.Themedicine____________threetimeseverydayby_________.2.Doyouwateryourflowerseveryday______yourflowers_________by_______everyday3.Weusethisknifeforcuttingthings.Thisknife_______________forcuttingthingsby_______.4.ZhouJiesingsthissong.Thissong______________________ZhouJie.istakenhimisusedusissungbyArewateredyouPracticeExercisesCiscleanedbyBamnotinvitedAIswrittenBiswatchedActivity1give,influence,read,writeMillionsofpeople______MarkTwain’sstorieseveryyear.MarkTwain’sstories__________bymillionsofpeopleeveryyear.2.Confuciusstill___________peoplearoundtheworld.Peoplearoundtheworld_____still_________byConfucius.3.Afamouswriter________theadvicecolumninthenewspapereveryweek.Theadvicecolumninthenewspaper__________byafamouswritereveryweek.4.Theteacherusually________thestudentsalotofideas.Thestudents_____usually_______alotofideasbytheteacher.readarereadinfluenceinfluencedarewritesiswrittengivesgivenareActivity22.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressioninbrackets.MyfavouritefunnystoryinTheAdventuresofTomSawyeriswhenTom(1)________(tell)byhisaunttopaintthegatewhite.Theworkisapunishmentbecausehemissedschooloneday.Ofcourse,hedoesnotwanttodoanywork.Atfirst,Tom(2)__________(watch)byhisfriendsand(3)_________(laughat),sohefeelsquitebad.Butsoonheturnsthesituationround,andhe(4)_______(help)byhisfriendsinstead.Tomsaysthatheenjoyspaintingthegatewhite,andhisfriendswanttotry.Heaskseachfriendtogivehimsomethingvaluable,andinreturnthey(5)_________(allow)todosomeofTom’swork!istoldiswatchedlaughedatishelpedareallowedActivity33.Completetheconversationwiththecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.Tom: Why(1)______popularbooks_______(make)intofilmsJack: Oh,becausethestories(2)_____already_________(know)bylotsof people,sothefilmswillbecomepopularaswell.Tom: Butwhy(3)____thestoriessometimes_________(change)infilmsJack: Becausefilmsandbooksaredifferent.Somepeopleinthebookarenot includedinthefilm,butothersaremoreimportantthantheyareinthe book.Tom: Butthatdoesn’thappeninhistoricalfilmsJack: Yes,itdoes.Sometimeseventhefactsabouthistory(4)_____________(change).Tom: Butwhy(5)_____facts_________(rewrite)Jack: Becausefilmsdonotalwaystrytoteachhistory,buttotellagoodstory!aremadeareknownarechangedarechangedarerewrittenActivity44.Completetheconversationwiththewordsinthebox.accept,dialogue,discuss,influence,sense,society,wise,writersHost: WelcometoTwoTalk.Todaywewill(1)_________the question:ArewritersstillimportantWithmefortoday’s (2)________areJamesSouthernandPennyWest.James, whatdoyouthinkJames:Ithinkpeoplewhowriteforajobarenotasimportantas theyusedtobe.Therearemany(3)________now,butthey writeontheInternet,forfree.Host: IsthataproblemdiscussdialoguewritersActivity4James:Yes,Ithinkso.Althoughit’sgoodthateveryonecanbea writerandwritewhattheylikeontheInternet,theyalso sometimeswritewronginformation.Soitisn’t(4)______to getallyourinformationfromtheInternet.Host:Whatdoyouthink,PennyPenny:I’d(5)_______whatJamessays.Thereisalotofrubbish ontheInternet,anditmighthavetoomuch(6)_________on somepeople.Wronginformationisbadfor(7)________.Peopleneedtothinkaboutwhattheyread,anddecidewhetheritmakes(8)_______ornot.It’sapitythatnotenoughpeopledothat!wiseacceptinfluencesociety
senseActivity55.Completetheconversationwiththecorrectformoftheexpressionsinthebox.allovertheworld,benotafraidof,getintotrouble,growup,inthemiddleof,joinin,lookfor,runawayTony: Hi,Daming.What’supDaming: Oh,hiTony.I’m(1)_______________thisgreatbook-it’sAlexRider’sadventurestories.Youshouldreadoneofthem!Tony: Oh,whatarethestoriesaboutDaming:Well,they’reallfantasticstories,fullofexcitingsituationsofcourse.Yousee,AlexRiderisahero.He(2)________inLondon,butnowhetravels(3)_______________andhelpsthepolice—they(4)________dangerous,badpeopleandcatchthem.inthemiddleofgrowsupallovertheworldlookforActivity5Tony:Oh,itsoundsgreat.Iloveadventurestories.Butdoesn’the(5)_______________Daming:Well,ofcourse,that’swhatthestoriesareabout.Hegetslostinstrangeplaces,andhe(6)________fromdangerallthetime.Tony:Anddon’ttellme,he(7)_______________anything!Daming:Ofcoursenot—well…maybesnakes!Butheisprettyclever!Tony:Ofcourseheis…Daming:Look!We’rego
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