版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡(jiǎn)介
CHAPTER1
SecurityGoalsSlidesadaptedfrom"FoundationsofSecurity:WhatEveryProgrammerNeedsToKnow"byNeilDaswani,ChristophKern,andAnitaKesavan(ISBN1590597842;).Exceptasotherwisenoted,thecontentofthispresentationislicensedundertheCreativeCommons3.0License.
CHAPTER1
SecurityGoalsSlide1AgendaSevenKeySecurityConcepts:AuthenticationAuthorizationConfidentialityData/MessageIntegrityAccountabilityAvailabilityNon-RepudiationSystemExample:WebClient-ServerInteractionAgendaSevenKeySecurityConce21.1.SecurityIsHolisticPhysicalSecurityTechnologicalSecurityApplicationSecurityOperatingSystemSecurityNetworkSecurityPolicies&ProceduresAllThreeRequired1.1.SecurityIsHolisticPhysi31---Security-Goals-安全測(cè)試-教學(xué)課件41---Security-Goals-安全測(cè)試-教學(xué)課件51.1.2.TechnologicalSecurity(2)(OS&NetworkSecurity)Apps(e.g.servers)useOSformanyfunctionsOScodelikelycontainsvulnerabilitiesRegularlydownloadpatchestoeliminate
(e.g.WindowsUpdateforcriticalpatches)NetworkSecurity:mitigatemalicioustrafficTools:Firewalls&IntrusionDetectionSystems1.1.2.TechnologicalSecurity61.1.3.Policies&ProceduresEx:Socialengineeringattack-takingadvantageofunsuspectingemployees(e.g.attackergetsemployeetodivulgehisusername&password)GuardsensitivecorporateinformationEmployeesneedtobeaware,beeducatedtobesomewhatparanoidandvigilant1.1.3.Policies&ProceduresEx7SecurityConceptsAuthenticationAuthorizationConfidentialityData/MessageIntegrityAccountabilityAvailabilityNon-RepudiationSecurityConceptsAuthenticatio8ArchetypalCharactersAlice&Bob–“goodguys”Eve–a“passive”eavesdropperMallory–an“active”eavesdropperTrent–trustedbyAlice&BobAliceBobArchetypalCharactersAlice&B91.2.AuthenticationIdentityVerificationHowcanBobbesurethatheiscommunicatingwithAlice?ThreeGeneralWays:Somethingyouknow(i.e.,Passwords)Somethingyouhave(i.e.,Tokens)Somethingyouare(i.e.,Biometrics)1.2.AuthenticationIdentityVe101.2.1.SomethingyouKNOWExample:PasswordsPros:SimpletoimplementSimpleforuserstounderstandCons:Easytocrack(unlessuserschoosestrongones)PasswordsarereusedmanytimesOne-timePasswords(OTP):differentpasswordusedeachtime,butitisdifficultforusertorememberallofthem1.2.1.SomethingyouKNOWExamp111.2.2.SomethingyouHAVEOTPCards(e.g.SecurID):generatesnewpasswordeachtimeuserlogsinSmartCard:tamper-resistant,storessecretinformation,enteredintoacard-readerToken/Key(i.e.,iButton)ATMCardStrengthofauthenticationdependsondifficultyofforging1.2.2.SomethingyouHAVEOTPC121.2.3.SomethingyouAREBiometrics
Pros:“raisesthebar”Cons:falsenegatives/positives,socialacceptance,keymanagementfalsepositive:authenticuserrejectedfalsenegative:impostoracceptedTechniqueEffectivenessAcceptancePalmScan16IrisScan21RetinalScan37Fingerprint45VoiceId53FacialRecognition64SignatureDynamics721.2.3.SomethingyouAREBiomet131.2.4.FinalNotesTwo-factorAuthentication:Methodscanbecombined(i.e.ATMcard&PIN)Whoisauthenticatingwho?Person-to-computer?Computer-to-computer?Threetypes(e.g.SSL):ClientAuthentication:serververifiesclient’sidServerAuthentication:clientverifiesserver’sidMutualAuthentication(Client&Server)Authenticateduserisa“Principal”1.2.4.FinalNotesTwo-factorA141.3.AuthorizationCheckingwhetherauserhaspermissiontoconductsomeactionIdentityvs.AuthorityIsa“subject”(Alice)allowedtoaccessan“object”(openafile)?AccessControlList:mechanismusedbymanyoperatingsystemstodeterminewhetherusersareauthorizedtoconductdifferentactions1.3.AuthorizationCheckingwhe151.3.1.AccessControlLists(ACLs)Setofthree-tuples<User,Resource,Privilege>SpecifieswhichusersareallowedtoaccesswhichresourceswithwhichprivilegesPrivilegescanbeassignedbasedonroles(e.g.admin)UserResourcePrivilegeAlice/home/Alice/*Read,write,executeBob/home/Bob/*Read,write,executeTable1-1.ASimpleACL1.3.1.AccessControlLists(A161.3.2.AccessControlModelsACLsusedtoimplementthesemodelsMandatory:computersystemdecidesexactlywhohasaccesstowhichresourcesDiscretionary(e.g.UNIX):usersareauthorizedtodeterminewhichotheruserscanaccessfilesorotherresourcesthattheycreate,use,orownRole-Based(Non-Discretionary):user’saccess&privilegesdeterminedbyrole1.3.2.AccessControlModelsAC171.3.3.Bell-LaPadulaModelClassifications:TopSecretSecretConfidentialUnclassified3Rules/PropertiesSimpleproperty*-property(confinement)Tranquilityproperty1.3.3.Bell-LaPadulaModelClas181.4.ConfidentialityGoal:KeepthecontentsofcommunicationordataonstoragesecretExample:AliceandBobwanttheircommunicationstobesecretfromEveKey–asecretsharedbetweenAlice&BobSometimesaccomplishedwithCryptography,Steganography,AccessControls,DatabaseViews1.4.ConfidentialityGoal:Keep191.5.Message/DataIntegrityDataIntegrity=NoCorruptionManinthemiddleattack:HasMallorytamperedwiththemessagethatAlicesendstoBob?IntegrityCheck:Addredundancytodata/messagesTechniques:Hashing(MD5,SHA-1,…),Checksums(CRC…)MessageAuthenticationCodes(MACs)DifferentFromConfidentiality:A->B:“Thevalueofxis1”(notsecret)A->M->B:“Thevalueofxis10000”(BAD)A->M->B:“Thevalueofyis1”(BAD)1.5.Message/DataIntegrityDat201.6.AccountabilityAbletodeterminetheattackerorprincipalLogging&AuditTrailsRequirements:SecureTimestamping(OSvs.Network)Dataintegrityinlogs&audittrails,mustnotbeabletochangetrails,orbeabletodetectchangestologsOtherwiseattackercancovertheirtracks1.6.AccountabilityAbletodet211.7.AvailabilityUptime,FreeStorageEx.Dialtoneavailability,Systemdowntimelimit,Webserverresponsetime
Solutions:AddredundancytoremovesinglepointoffailureImpose“l(fā)imits”thatlegitimateuserscanuseGoalofDoS(DenialofService)attacksaretoreduceavailabilityMalwareusedtosendexcessivetraffictovictimsiteOverwhelmedserverscan’tprocesslegitimatetraffic1.7.AvailabilityUptime,Free221.8.Non-RepudiationUndeniabilityofatransactionAlicewantstoprovetoTrentthatshedidcommunicatewithBobGenerateevidence/receipts(digitallysignedstatements)Oftennotimplementedinpractice,credit-cardcompaniesbecomedefactothird-partyverifiers1.8.Non-RepudiationUndeniabil231.9.ConceptsatWork(1)IsDVD-FactorySecure?PCs-R-USBobDVD-FactoryorderspartsB2Bwebsite1.9.ConceptsatWork(1)IsDV241.9.ConceptsatWork(2)Availability:DVD-Factoryensuresitswebsiteisrunning24-7Authentication:Confidentiality:Bob’sbrowserandDVD-Factorywe
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 2024農(nóng)民工勞動(dòng)合同書范本示例
- 2024修改后《勞動(dòng)合同》表
- 北師大版一年級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)上冊(cè)《文具》生活中的數(shù)教學(xué)課件(第2課時(shí))
- 2024簡(jiǎn)易勞動(dòng)合同范本
- 教材管理-督導(dǎo)
- 2024買賣合同范本(小宗交易)
- 復(fù)合材料在核能工業(yè)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用研究
- 《道路勘測(cè)設(shè)計(jì)》題集
- 老師作文之對(duì)小班老師的寄語(yǔ)
- 突破三大瓶頸-謀求教育發(fā)展
- 銘記歷史勿忘國(guó)恥-918事變90周年課件- 高中主題班會(huì)
- 保護(hù)環(huán)境演講稿600字
- (完整)新pep小學(xué)五年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)單詞默寫
- 幼兒園中班安全《會(huì)咬人的電》課件
- 來(lái)電來(lái)訪人員登記表
- 超聲法檢測(cè)混凝土缺陷實(shí)施細(xì)則
- 人教版體育與健康五年級(jí)-腳內(nèi)側(cè)踢球課件(共16張PPT)
- 班級(jí)主人翁 課件-高中主題班會(huì)
- JJF 1062-2022 電離真空計(jì)校準(zhǔn)規(guī)范
- 2022版義務(wù)教育物理課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀課件(40張)
- 紡織廠空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)
評(píng)論
0/150
提交評(píng)論