方向盤之后-你不知道的汽車趣聞（下）

名師精講外刊方向盤之后——你不知道的汽車趣聞（下）BehindTheWheels名師精講外刊與普通汽車迷不同，本文的作者更多關(guān)注的不是車，而是人。在上一期的學(xué)習(xí)中，我們了解了“終極駕駛機(jī)器”寶馬汽車不為人知的趣事，解讀了“汽車大王”亨利·福特制作第一輛車的坎坷歷程，走近了打破世界速度紀(jì)錄的71歲退休駕駛員的光輝事跡。今天，我們繼續(xù)瀏覽作者收集的故事寶庫，一探汽車背后鮮為人知的那些“關(guān)于人”的故事。課前問題1.對于英國的道路分類你了解多少？2.短語“writeoff”有哪些含義？導(dǎo)讀名師精講外刊BehindTheWheels名師精講外刊IntheinauguralIndy500raceof1911,allbutoneofthe40entrantscarriedadriverplusanobserver,whosejobwastowarnthedriveraboutothercarscomingupbehind.Itwasthenormalarrangementinracesofthatera.Butinthe40thcarwasRayHarroun,whotooktheoutrageouslyriskydecisiontodrivealone.【基礎(chǔ)解析】inauguraladj.就職的；開幕的；成立的；創(chuàng)始的【釋】first,andmarkingthebeginningofsthimportant【例】thePresident'sinauguraladdress總統(tǒng)的就職演說theinauguralflightofthespaceshuttle航天飛機(jī)的首次飛行theinauguralmeetingofthegeographicalsociety地理學(xué)會的成立大會精講試聽結(jié)束IntheinauguralIndy500raceof1911,allbutoneofthe40entrantscarriedadriverplusanobserver,whosejobwastowarnthedriveraboutothercarscomingupbehind.Itwasthenormalarrangementinracesofthatera.Butinthe40thcarwasRayHarroun,whotooktheoutrageouslyriskydecisiontodrivealone.【基礎(chǔ)解析】outrageousadj.駭人的；無法容忍的【釋】veryshockingandunacceptable【例】outrageousbehaviour極端無禮的行為【拓展延伸】outrageously/a?t?re?d??sli/adv.兇殘地，駭人地【例】outrageouslyexpensiveskincareitems貴得不可接受的護(hù)膚品IntheinauguralIndy500raceof1911,allbutoneofthe40entrantscarriedadriverplusanobserver,whosejobwastowarnthedriveraboutothercarscomingupbehind.Itwasthenormalarrangementinracesofthatera.Butinthe40thcarwasRayHarroun,whotooktheoutrageouslyriskydecisiontodrivealone.【基礎(chǔ)解析】entrantn.1)參賽者；考生【釋】apersonwhoistakingpartinacompetition【例】Allitemsenteredforthecompetitionmustbetheentrant'sownwork.所有參賽作品必須是參賽者自己的作品。2)新職員；新生；新會員；新成員【釋】apersonwhohasrecentlyjoinedaprofession,university,etc.【例】universityentrants大學(xué)新生Harroundroveabrightyellowcarhehadbuilthimselfandexperimentedwithaneight-by-three-inchmirroronastandfixedtohisdashboardinsteadofanobserver.Itisbelievedtobethefirstuseofarear-viewmirror.Beingonepersonlighterandmoreaerodynamic,Harroun'scareasilywontheracebymorethanhalfamile.【基礎(chǔ)解析】dashboardn.（汽車上的）儀表板[AmE]【釋】thepartofacarinfrontofthedriverthathasinstrumentsandcontrolsinit【例】Theclockonthedashboardsaiditwasfivetotwo.汽車儀表板上的時鐘顯示當(dāng)時1:55?！就卣寡由臁縡acia[BrE]/?fe???/Harroundroveabrightyellowcarhehadbuilthimselfandexperimentedwithaneight-by-three-inchmirroronastandfixedtohisdashboardinsteadofanobserver.Itisbelievedtobethefirstuseofarear-viewmirror.Beingonepersonlighterandmoreaerodynamic,Harroun'scareasilywontheracebymorethanhalfamile.【基礎(chǔ)解析】aerodynamicn.（汽車等）流線型的，（與）空氣動力學(xué)（有關(guān)）的【釋】oforhavingashapewhichreducesthedragfromairmovingpast【例】Thesecretofthemachineliesintheaerodynamicshapeofthecarbon-fibreframe.該機(jī)器的秘密在于其碳纖維外殼的流線型設(shè)計。ThedriverofaCitroenSaxowhosmashedintoaparkedcaratfullspeed…whiletryingtocatchaspiderrunningaroundinsidehiscar.BothcarswerewrittenoffbutthedriverescapedinjuryinthesmashontheA50inDerbyshire.Hedidgetreportedfordrivingwithoutduecareandattention.Thespider'sfateisunknown.【基礎(chǔ)解析】writeoff1)注銷，銷記（賬項、資產(chǎn)等）【例】towriteoffadebt/aninvestment注銷一筆債務(wù)/一項投資2)把（車輛等）毀壞，報廢3)放棄（計劃或項目等）【例】Wedecidedtowriteofftherestofthedayandgoshopping.我們決定放棄那天余下的時間而去購物。4)摒棄，認(rèn)定……失?。ɑ驔]有價值、不可救藥等）【例】Heisfedupwithpeoplewritinghimoffbecauseofhisage.他受夠了人們因其年齡而摒棄他。Attheendofanepic100-miletwo-carracingduelatBrooklandsin1924,swashbucklinggentlemanracerCaptainJohnDuffhadnotonlylosttherace—buthisbrakesfailed.HisBlitzenBenz—withanenormous21-litreengine—crossedthefinishlineatover100mphwithDuffdesperatelytryingeverythinghecouldtoslowdown.Hemanagedtocontinuesteeringatfullspeedbutcareeredrightoffthecircuit.【基礎(chǔ)解析】epicn.敘事詩；史詩【釋】alongpoemabouttheactionsofgreatmenandwomenoraboutanation'shistory;thisstyleofpoetry【例】Homer'sEpic荷馬史詩adj.史詩般的；漫長而艱難的；宏大的，壯麗的【釋】takingplaceoveralongperiodoftimeandinvolvingalotofdifficulties;verylargeandimpressive【例】anepicjourney/struggle漫長而艱難的旅程；艱苦卓絕的斗爭Attheendofanepic100-miletwo-carracingduelatBrooklandsin1924,swashbucklinggentlemanracerCaptainJohnDuffhadnotonlylosttherace—buthisbrakesfailed.HisBlitzenBenz—withanenormous21-litreengine—crossedthefinishlineatover100mphwithDuffdesperatelytryingeverythinghecouldtoslowdown.Hemanagedtocontinuesteeringatfullspeedbutcareeredrightoffthecircuit.【基礎(chǔ)解析】dueln.決斗；（雙方的）競爭，斗爭【釋】aformalfightwithweaponsbetweentwopeople,usedinthepasttosettleadisagreement,especiallyoveramatterofhonour【例】tofight/winaduel進(jìn)行/贏得決斗tochallengesbtoaduel要求與某人決斗Attheendofanepic100-miletwo-carracingduelatBrooklandsin1924,swashbucklinggentlemanracerCaptainJohnDuffhadnotonlylosttherace—buthisbrakesfailed.HisBlitzenBenz—withanenormous21-litreengine—crossedthefinishlineatover100mphwithDuffdesperatelytryingeverythinghecouldtoslowdown.Hemanagedtocontinuesteeringatfullspeedbutcareeredrightoffthecircuit.【基礎(chǔ)解析】swashbucklingadj.1)神氣活現(xiàn)的，虛張聲勢的【釋】actinginthemannerofaswashbuckler2)（尤指電影）歷經(jīng)艱險的，驚心動魄的【釋】(especiallyoffilms/movies)setinthepastandfullofaction,adventure,fightingwithswords,etc.【例】aswashbucklingadventurestory一個驚心動魄的冒險故事Attheendofanepic100-miletwo-carracingduelatBrooklandsin1924,swashbucklinggentlemanracerCaptainJohnDuffhadnotonlylosttherace—buthisbrakesfailed.HisBlitzenBenz—withanenormous21-litreengine—crossedthefinishlineatover100mphwithDuffdesperatelytryingeverythinghecouldtoslowdown.Hemanagedtocontinuesteeringatfullspeedbutcareeredrightoffthecircuit.【基礎(chǔ)解析】careerv.（尤指失控地）猛沖，疾馳，飛奔【釋】tomoveforwardveryquickly,especiallyinanuncontrolledway【例】Thevehiclecareeredacrosstheroadandhitacyclist.那輛車橫沖過馬路，撞上了一個騎自行車的人。TheBenzhurtledoverthesurroundinggrassembankments.Duffcrashedthroughtreestryingtoslowhismomentum.Hethenburstoutintheopenroadbeyondthecircuit.Eventuallyhestopped—byrunningintoatelegraphpolefarfromtheracetrack.Duffwasunhurt…andlaterwentontobecomeaHollywoodstuntdoubleforGaryCooper.【基礎(chǔ)解析】hurtlev.（向某個方向）飛馳，猛沖【釋】tomoveveryfastinaparticulardirection【例】Arunawaycarcamehurtlingtowardsus.一輛失控的汽車朝我們飛馳而來。TheBenzhurtledoverthesurroundinggrassembankments.Duffcrashedthroughtreestryingtoslowhismomentum.Hethenburstoutintheopenroadbeyondthecircuit.Eventuallyhestopped—byrunningintoatelegraphpolefarfromtheracetrack.Duffwasunhurt…andlaterwentontobecomeaHollywoodstuntdoubleforGaryCooper.【基礎(chǔ)解析】embankmentn.堤；堤岸；堤圍；（公路和鐵路）路堤【釋】awallofstoneorearthmadetokeepwaterbackortocarryaroadorrailway/railroadoverlowground【例】Theyclimbedasteepembankment.他們爬上了一個陡峭的堤岸。TheBenzhurtledoverthesurroundinggrassembankments.Duffcrashedthroughtreestryingtoslowhismomentum.Hethenburstoutintheopenroadbeyondthecircuit.Eventuallyhestopped—byrunningintoatelegraphpolefarfromtheracetrack.Duffwasunhurt…andlaterwentontobecomeaHollywoodstuntdoubleforGaryCooper.【基礎(chǔ)解析】momentumn.1)勢頭；推進(jìn)力；動力【例1】Thefightforhisreleasegathers/gainsmomentumeachday.爭取他獲釋的斗爭聲勢日益加強(qiáng)?！纠?】TheinvestigationgatheredmomentuminApril.四月，調(diào)查的力度加大了?！纠?】Theybegantolosemomentuminthesecondhalfofthegame.在比賽的下半場，他們的勢頭就逐漸減弱。2)動量multipliedbyitsspeedinaparticulardirectionTheBenzhurtledoverthesurroundinggrassembankments.Duffcrashedthroughtreestryingtoslowhismomentum.Hethenburstoutintheopenroadbeyondthecircuit.Eventuallyhestopped—byrunningintoatelegraphpolefarfromtheracetrack.Duffwasunhurt…andlaterwentontobecomeaHollywoodstuntdoubleforGaryCooper.【基礎(chǔ)解析】stuntn.（尤指電影中的）特技表演【釋】adangerousanddifficultactionthatsbdoestoentertainpeople,especiallyaspartofafilm/movie【例】astuntpilot特技飛行員TheBenzhurtledoverthesurroundinggrassembankments.Duffcrashedthroughtreestryingtoslowhismomentum.Hethenburstoutintheopenroadbeyondthecircuit.Eventuallyhestopped—byrunningintoatelegraphpolefarfromtheracetrack.Duffwasunhurt…andlaterwentontobecomeaHollywoodstuntdoubleforGaryCooper.【基礎(chǔ)解析】doublen．酷似的人；極相似的對應(yīng)物；電影替身【釋】apersonorthingthatlooksexactlylikeanother【例】She'sthedoubleofhermother.她和她母親長得一模一樣。UnluckyvandriverBenBaronfromLancashireslowlydrovepastthespeedcamerawherehehadbeenpreviouslysnappedoverthelimit.Thatincidenthadresultedinafixedpenaltyfine.Benwasdeterminedhewasn'tgoingtogetcaughtagainandhecarefullykeptunderthespeedlimit.Ashepassedthecamera,however,hecouldn'tstophimselfmakingarudegestureatthehateddevice...withbothhands.UnfortunatelyforBen,thishands-off-the-wheelgesturewascaughtonfilmbythesamecamera.Withindayshereceivedanotherprosecutionbypost,thistimefor"failingtokeeppropercontrolofhisvan".【基礎(chǔ)解析】snapv.拍照；攝影【釋】totakeaphotograph【例】Apassingtouristsnappedtheincident.一個過路的游客把這件事拍了下來。UnluckyvandriverBenBaronfromLancashireslowlydrovepastthespeedcamerawherehehadbeenpreviouslysnappedoverthelimit.Thatincidenthadresultedinafixedpenaltyfine.Benwasdeterminedhewasn'tgoingtogetcaughtagainandhecarefullykeptunderthespeedlimit.Ashepassedthecamera,however,hecouldn'tstophimselfmakingarudegestureatthehateddevice...withbothhands.UnfortunatelyforBen,thishands-off-the-wheelgesturewascaughtonfilmbythesamecamera.Withindayshereceivedanotherprosecutionbypost,thistimefor"failingtokeeppropercontrolofhisvan".【基礎(chǔ)解析】penaltyn.1)懲罰；處罰；刑罰【例】Thepenaltyfortravellingwithoutaticketis￡500.無票乘車的罰款為500英鎊。2)害處；不利【例】Oneofthepenaltiesoffameislossofprivacy.成名的弊端之一是失掉了隱私。3)點球【例】awardapenalty判點球takethepenalty主罰點球missthepenalty罰失點球scorethepenalty罰進(jìn)點球AyoungChinesedriveraccidentallydroveontoanarrowpierandswervedoffthesideintoanicyriverlessthantwominutesafterpassinghisdrivingtest.Theincidentwascaughtoncameraandthevideo(perhapsunfortunatelyforthedriver)waspostedonYouTube.Thedriverwassavedbutsufferedadislocatedshoulder.Thecarwasfishedoutbycrane.Latertheyoung"Mr.Zhang"fromGuizhouprovincetoldpolicehewasdistractedbytextsfromfriendsaskingwhetherhe'dpassed.【基礎(chǔ)解析】piern.（突入湖、河、海中的）碼頭；（常設(shè)有娛樂場所的）突堤【釋】alonglowstructurebuiltinalake,riverortheseaandjoinedtothelandatoneend【拓展延伸】Pier39舊金山漁人碼頭（Fisherman'sWharf）是舊金山最有名的景點之一，其中39號碼頭最為著名。許多購物中心和飯店均坐落在交通便利的漁人碼頭地區(qū)。AyoungChinesedriveraccidentallydroveontoanarrowpierandswervedoffthesideintoanicyriverlessthantwominutesafterpassinghisdrivingtest.Theincidentwascaughtoncameraandthevideo(perhapsunfortunatelyforthedriver)waspostedonYouTube.Thedriverwassavedbutsufferedadislocatedshoulder.Thecarwasfishedoutbycrane.Latertheyoung"Mr.Zhang"fromGuizhouprovincetoldpolicehewasdistractedbytextsfromfriendsaskingwhetherhe'dpassed.【基礎(chǔ)解析】swervev.突然轉(zhuǎn)向；急轉(zhuǎn)彎【釋】tochangedirectionsuddenly,especiallyinordertoavoidhittingsb/sth【例1】Sheswervedsharplytoavoidacyclist.她猛地急轉(zhuǎn)彎，以躲開一個騎自行車的人?！纠?】Theballswervedintothenet.球在空中劃了一條弧線，進(jìn)了球門。AyoungChinesedriveraccidentallydroveontoanarrowpierandswervedoffthesideintoanicyriverlessthantwominutesafterpassinghisdrivingtest.Theincidentwascaughtoncameraandthevideo(perhapsunfortunatelyforthedriver)