2024年廣東惠州高三三調(diào)考試英語(yǔ)試題答案詳解

試卷第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages33頁(yè)試卷第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages33頁(yè)惠州市2024屆高三第三次調(diào)研考試試題英語(yǔ)試卷共8頁(yè)，卷面滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，用簽字筆直接將答案寫在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouwishtofeelhappier,cookbetterorjustlearnrandomthings,herearesomeofthemostexcitingpodcast(播客)seriesthatcanhelpyouthroughyourlearningjourney.TenPercentHappierTenPercentHappierwascreatedbyDanHarris.Hehassomeinterestingguests,suchasPandoraSkyes,totalkaboutpersonaldevelopment.Danbelievesthatyoucantrainyourselftobehappy,andyoushouldexpectprogresstocomeslowly.Thepodcastcurrentlyhasover700episodes,eachwithdifferenttimelengths,from6minutesto30minutes.DeliciousWaystoFeelBetterEllaWoodwardapproachesasensitivesubjectaboutourrelationshipwithfood.Morethan100episodesarewaitingforyou,andtheaveragelengthofanepisodeisaboutonehour.Thispodcastcanhelpyoufixyournegativefoodexperienceswithpositiveones,whichcanresultinenjoyingalltypesoffoodinmoderationandrespectingyourbody’snaturalhungercues.PowerHourAdrienneHerberthasmademorethan250episodesinwhichshetalksaboutmotivation,trends,careerpathsandanythingaboutself-improvement.Anewepisodeairseveryweekandusuallylastsforanhour,soit’saperfectpodcastwhenyouneedalittlebitofaboosttokeepgoing.Adriennealsoinvitesprofessionalstoherpodcaststodiscussimportantmatters.Listeningtoapodcastcanteachyoumanythingsbutalsohelpyourelaxafteralongdayatwork.However,thesoothingvoicesofthehostsandtheengagingsubjectswillmakeyoubecomeinterestedinpersonalgrowthanddevelopment,whichisessentialforyoutohaveabetterlife.1．Whocreatedthepodcastwiththemostepisodes?A．AdrienneHerbert. B．EllaWoodward.C．PandoraSkyes. D．DanHarris.2．WhatdoDeliciousWaystoFeelBetterandPowerHourhaveincommon?A．Sensitivesubjects. B．Averagelength.C．Specialguests. D．Targetaudiences.3．Whyarethepodcastsintroduced?A．Toemphasizeself-growth. B．Tosuggestnewlifestyles.C．Toofferwaysofmakingfood. D．Toarousediscussiononhottopics.BMymomspentyearsasastay-at-homemomsothatmybrothersandIcouldfocusonoureducation.However,Icouldtellfromhercuriosityofandattitudestowardworkingwomenthatsheenviedtheirfinancialfreedomandtheself-esteemthatmustcomewithit.WhenIaskedheraboutworkingagain,shewouldtellmetofocusonachievingmydream.Iknewshehadoncedreamedforherself.Foryears,Iwatchedheteffortlesslylightupconversationswithbothstrangersandfamily.Herempathyandabilitytoreachtheheartcouldmakeanyonelaugh,evenwhenthestoryitselfdidnotapplytothematall.“Mom,haveyoueverthoughtaboutbeingastand-upcomedian?”“Itistoolateforme,son,”sheresponded,laughingattheidea.Icouldnotbeartowatchherstrugglebetweenambitionanddoubt.Herbirthdaywascomingup.AlthoughIhadalreadyboughtherapresent,IknewwhatIactuallywantedtogiveher.Iplacedlittlenotesofencouragementinsidethepresent.Iaskedmyfamilyandherfriendstodothesame.EventuallyIhadcollected146notes,andeachwiththesamesentiment:“Youarehumorous,fulloflife,andreadytotakeonthestage.”O(jiān)nthedayofherbirthday,mymomunwrappedmypresent.Shewasnotsurprisedasshehadhintedatitforlong.Butthenshesawthoselittlenotes.Shestartedtoweepwithherhandsfullofnotes.Shecouldnotbelievethesupportwasreal.Withintwomonths,mymomgaveherfirstperformanceinaNewYorkcomedyclub.Ihavereadthenotescountlesstimeswithmymom.Theyareframedandlinethewallsofhernewofficespacethatsherentedwiththeprofitsshemadefromworkingasaprofessionalcomedian.Formanyparents,theirchildren’scareersaretheirgreatestaccomplishment,butformemymom’sismine.4．Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthor’smothertoworkingwomen?A．Shewascuriousabouttheirincome. B．Sheadmiredwhatworkbroughtthem.C．Shefeltindifferenttoworkingwomen. D．Sheappreciatedtheirambitionsinfinance.5．Accordingtotheauthor,whatmakeshismotheragoodcomedian?A．Hereffortinmakingfriends. B．Hertalenttobringpeoplejoy.C．Hercuriosityaboutworkingwomen. D．Herdesireforfinancialindependence.6．Howdidhismotherfeelwhenreadingthenotesonherbirthday?A．Amazedandhesitant. B．Sadanddisappointed.C．Movedandencouraged. D．Delightedandproud.7．Whatistheauthor’sgreatestaccomplishment?A．SupportingMom’sdream. B．Achievinghisowndream.C．Securingfinancialfreedom. D．Becomingasuccessfulcomedian.CSomewordsimitatethesoundsmadebythethingstheydescribe,like“buzz”or“hiss”,whichiscalledonomatopoeia(擬聲詞).Butwhatifthewayawordsoundscouldarousesomeotherfeatureofanobject,likeitsshape?MarcusPerlman,alecturerattheUniversityofBirmingham,saysthatacenturyago,linguists(語(yǔ)言學(xué)家)insistedthatthewordsofobjectsdon’tnecessarilysoundliketheverythings.There’snothingdoggy-soundingabouttheworddogorcatlike-soundingaboutthewordcat.Butthere’splentyofevidencenowprovingitfalse.Tofurtherexplorethisconnection,Perlmanandhiscolleaguesturnedtosomethingcalledthebouba/kikieffect.Whatitisaboutisthatwhenyouseetwoshapes-onelookslikeacloud,kindofroundish,andtheotheroneismorespiky(尖形的),likeastar-andwhenyou’reaskedtosaywhichoneisbouba,youwillbemorelikelytopointtoaroundedoneand,forkiki,toaspikyone.Oneexplanationfortheeffectcouldbetheappearanceoftheletters.Theroundshapeofb-o-u-b-amightarousethesenseofroundness.Butwhathappenswhenyoudon’tseethewordsbuthearthem?Inafollowingtest,participantsweretoldtolookatthetwoshapesandthenlistentothesound:eitherboubaorkiki.Whatevertheirnativelanguageis,mostparticipantssaidtheroundershapewasboubaandthespikyonewaskiki.Thissuggeststhattheeffectseemstobedrivenbysomecorrespondence(對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系)betweenthespokenwordsandtheshapes,whichmightbringusclosertohowthefirstwordscame.8．WhatmayMarcusParlmanbelieveaboutthewordsofobjects?A．Wordssoundinglikeobjectsdon’texist. B．Wordsdon’thavetosoundlikeobjects.C．Wordsofobjectsaredifficulttounderstand. D．Wordspronunciationisconnectedtoobjects.9．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thedistinctionbetweenvariousshapes. B．Theexplanationofthebouba/kikieffect.C．Thecomparisonbetweenboubaandkiki. D．Theintroductiontothebouba/kikieffect.10．Whichshapemaytheparticipantschooseafterhearingthe“bauba”sound?A．Astar. B．Acircle. C．Apyramid. D．Adiamond.11．Whatissuggestedinthetext?A．Differentlanguagesmayhavethesameorigins.B．Thewordboubaorkikicanbefoundinlanguages.C．Theeffectmayhelpunderstandtheoriginoflanguage.D．Thesecretoflanguageformationhasbeendiscovered.DWeallsometimesbehaveinwaysthatseemtoconflictwithourgoalsandintentions.Onepersonmightwishtospendmoretimewithfamilybutinsteadfindthemselvesmindlesslybrowsingsocialmedia.Anothermayrepeatedlyignoretheiralarmandmisstheirmorningworkout.Ifweonlyhadmorewillpower,theconventionalwisdomgoes,wecouldeathealthier,exerciseregularly,andspendmoretimewithlovedones.However,inDetermined:AScienceofLifewithoutFreeWill,scientistRobertSapolskyarguesthatsuchchoicesareactuallydeterminedbyfactorsbeyondourcontrol.Sapolskydemonstratesinhisbookhowvariousfactorsinfluenceourintentionsandactions.Hedescribesscientificevidencethatthoseinfluencesmayoccurminutes,hours,ordaysbeforeouractions;somemayevenbeginyearsearlier.Forexample,peopleraisedinacollectivistculturetendtoavoidobstacles(障礙)whenwalkingwhereasthoseraisedinindependentcultureswillremovetheobstacles.Inparticular,Sapolskyarguesagainsttheclaimthat“l(fā)uck”evens(均等)outovertime,withfortuneandmisfortunestrikingmostpeopleinequalmeasure,anideafavoredbyothers.Instead,heprovidesconvincingexamplesthatmanywhoareborn“unlucky”havelittlechanceofgettingahead.AlthoughSapolskyiscarefulnottoconfusedeterminismwiththeinabilitytoaffectchangeintheworld,hisunclearattitudetowardhowdeterminismmightcoexistwithfreewillisoneofthebook’sweakpoints.Nonetheless,thisbookisworthreading.Betteryet,pairitwithKevinMitchell’sbookFreeAgents:HowEvolutionGaveUsFreeWill,whichmakestheoppositeargument,andthen,decideforyourselfwhetheryouhadachoicetodosooritwasallpredetermined.12．Howisthetopicintroducedinthefirstparagraph?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bylistingstatistics.C．Byraisingarguments. D．Bydrawingconclusions.13．AccordingtoSapolsky,whatdetermine(s)ourchoicesandactions?A．Levelofwillpower. B．Randomluck.C．Uncontrollableelements. D．Conventionalwisdom.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collectivist”mean?A．Low-esteemed. B．Determined. C．Self-centered. D．Cooperative.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．ExplorationonFreeWill B．WisdominDecisionMakingC．ViewsonDeterminismandFreeWill D．ConflictsbetweenGoalsandChoices第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Shoppinginthesalesfeelslikeasubtlewaytospend.Lowerpricesnaturallyequalmoneysaved.16Sometimesyouthinkyou’regettingabargain,butactuallyyou’repayingmorethanyouneedto.So,followthetipsbelowandyou’llhopefullybeontherighttrack.Onlybuyessentials.Youmighthavebeentemptedtobuyamuchhigheritemthanyouactuallyneed,simplybecausewe’redazzledbythesizeofthediscount.Sodespitethesavingsmadeonthefullpriceitem,it’sactuallyahugewasteofcash.17Youcanevenhavea“need”notewhichyouaddtoregularly,allowingyoutofocusyourshoppingduringthesales.18Justbecausethere’sasalerunningwithalowerprice,doesn’tmeanyoucanscrambleforthegoodsimmediately.Ifyoucanwait,somepricehistorywebsitesareagreatwaytogetasenseofanyregularlyoccurringpricevariations.Certainitemswillhavealifecycletoo.ChristmascardsanddecorationsarebargainsinJanuarywhileTVstendtobeattheirlowestpricesintheearlysummerwhenthenewermodelsarereleased.19Sothisisonlyastrategyfornon-essentials.Checkforalternatives.Finally,evenifyouthinkyou’vegotthebestpriceoutthere-oratleastoneyou’rehappytopay-it’sworthcheckingyou’renotoverpayingstillwhencomparedtosimilarproducts.20.Thatcouldmeanstayingawayfromhigh-endbrands,lookingforsecondhanditemsortryingadifferentbutsimilarstyle.A．Timewhenyoubuy.B．Comparepricesnow.C．Sadly,therearetricksplayedbyretailers.D．It’seasytogetcaughtupinsalesandspendwhenyoudon’tneedto.E．Thebestwaytoavoidthisistocreateamust-havelistbeforeshopping.F．Theremaywellbecheapersubstitutesthatdothesamejobbutcostless.G．Butyoumighthavefeweroptionstochoosefrom,orwillevenmissout.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）MygrandmothersuffersfromAlzheimer’sdisease.Seeingherconditionworsenovertime,andknowingIcoulddonothing,createdafeelingof21inme.Astheyearspassedandmyunderstandingofthediseasegrew,myfrustrationturnedfirsttoanger,thenresignation(順從),andfinally22.Thoughthediseasewasboundtoslowlyeatawayather,therewerewaysto23itsprogress.Everynightthetwoofuswouldsittogetherand24whilemygrandmotherwouldcountbeans.Theexercisecouldhelptokeephermentally25.Graduallyhercountingbecameslower,andshewouldlosetrackofthingsmore26.Whileatnightwewouldcountbeans,inthedayIinvolvedmyselfinstudiesof27.Myearlierfeelingsofdespairgavewayto28;advancesingeneticengineeringofferedthepossibilitythatonedaythoselikemygrandmothercouldbecured,or29fromdevelopingAlzheimer’sinthefirstplace.Seeingmygrandmotherslipaway30metotakebiologycoursestolearnmoreaboutcells,thenervoussystem,andgeneticinformation,whichhelpedmebetterunderstandhowour31ofthisdiseasehasgrowninthepastdecade.32IbegantoseenewpossibilitiesforpreventingdiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s.Nowadays,mygrandmothercannotcountbeansanymoreanddoesn’t33meatall.OncesheusedtotellmestoriesandIwhisperedtoherallmyproblems.NowIama34toher.HowIwishonedayIcouldcontributetoafuture,wherenochildhastowatchtheirgrandmothercountthe35theyhavelefttogether.21．A．regret B．dilemma C．a(chǎn)nnoyance D．hopelessness22．A．pity B．sympathy C．tolerance D．a(chǎn)cceptance23．A．stop B．slow C．change D．a(chǎn)ccelerate24．A．chat B．sigh C．think D．complain25．A．strong B．sharp. C．busy D．fresh26．A．easily B．naturally C．slowly D．painfully27．A．nursing B．biology C．companion D．psychology28．A．a(chǎn)nxiety B．calmness C．optimism D．indifference29．A．excused B．defended C．prevented D．separated30．A．urged B．forced C．required D．motivated31．A．concern B．sympathy C．knowledge D．experience32．A．Instantly B．Gradually C．Temporarily D．Accidentally33．A．miss B．expect C．notice D．recognize34．A．listener B．follower C．stranger D．watcher35．A．time B．beans C．money D．stories第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FromtheadorablepandasinSichuantotheplayfulPallas’scatsinInnerMongolia,photographerXieJianguohascommittedhimselftodocumentingChina’srareandendangeredanimals,36highlightthecountry’suniquenaturalwonders.Xie’spassionfor37(photograph)wildanimalsisevidentinhisfrequentvisitstotheremotedestinationssuchastheArcticcontinent.Since2012,XieJianguohasredirectedhislens(鏡頭)towardhishomeland,focusing38wildlifeinChina.Nowhis39(footprint)havecoverednearlyalltheprovincesandregionsthroughoutChina.Duringhisshootingprocess,Xie40(place)greatemphasisonbuildingaharmoniousrelationshipwiththeanimalsheencounters,ensuringthattheyareundisturbedandrepresentedintheirnaturalstate.Xiesaid,“Iameager41(record)thebeautifulmomentsofwildlife,tonotonlyrepresenttheirlivingconditionsbutalsotoraisepeople’s42(aware)ofprotectingwildanimalsandtheirhabitats.43(hopeful),myimagescanshowthebiodiversityandtheachievementsofwildlifeprotectioninChina.”WiththeaimofpreservingthenaturalbeautyofChina44promotingitsrichnaturalimageculturetotheworld,Xielaunchedaprojectcalled“NatureImageChina”in2016.Sofar,over100photoexhibitions45(organize)bytheprojectathomeandabroad.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46．假定你是李華，上周末參加了學(xué)校舉辦的書法講座?，F(xiàn)在你打算給英文?？陡?，分享活動(dòng)心得。內(nèi)容包括：1.講座時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)：2.講座內(nèi)容；3.你的感想。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thefourthgraders’schooldaywascomingtoanend.Wilsonwasfillinghisbackpackwhenavoicecameoutoftheloudspeaker.“Goodafternoon,students.ThisisareminderthattheAll-CityMathContestwillbeintwoweeks.Thecontestisopentofifthandsixthgraders,andthetopprizeisfiftydollars.Pleasespeaktoyourteacherifyou’dliketoparticipate.“IamconfidentthatIcouldexcelinthatcontest,”Wilsonthoughttohimself.Determinedtoparticipateinthecompetition,herushedtohisteacher’sdeskandtoldherthathewantedtoenterthatmathcontest.Ms.Joneslookedupfromherpapersandsaid,“That’swonderful,Wilson,butI’mafraidthatthiscontestisforfifthandsixthgradersonly.Besides,ourclasshasnotyetcoveredsomeofthetopicsthatwillbetested.”Wilsonwasnotreadytogiveup.Heknewhehadanaturaltalentformath.“ButyouknowthatI’mgoodatmath!”Wilsonprotested.“Idomathproblemswithmybrotherallthetime-andhe’sinsixthgrade!IthinkIcoulddoreallywell!”“Youareaverygoodmathstudent,Wilson,butrulesarerules.I’msurethatyoucanenternextyear.”Wilsoncamehomefrustratedanddisappointed,stormedupstairswithoutsayingawordtohismother,andslammedthedoortohisroomshut.Hismotherquicklyappearedathisdoor,knocked,andcamein.“Dear,didsomethinghappentoday?”Shewasconcerned.Wilsonwasquietforaminute,thenitallcameout.Inaburstofemotion,hetoldhismomaboutthecontest,howexcitedhewastoenter,andhowangryhefeltwhenhisteachertoldhimthathewouldn’tbeallowedtodosothisyear.“It’sjustnotfair,Mom,”hecomplained.“IknowIcouldreallydowellonit.Whywon’ttheyletme?”Wilson’smotherputherhandonhisshoulder.“Sometimes,son,”shesaidsoftly,“peoplefollowrulesevenwhentheydon’tmakesense.Perhapsyoucanpersuadeyourteachertomakeanexceptionforyou.”Wilsonperkedup:hehadanidea.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Thenextday,WilsonwentstraighttoMs.Jones’office.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Fortyminuteslater,hefinishedMs.Jones’testandhandedittoher.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages22頁(yè)答案第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages22頁(yè)1．D2．B3．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個(gè)促進(jìn)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)的播客。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thepodcastcurrentlyhasover700episodes,eachwithdifferenttimelengths,from6minutesto30minutes.(該播客目前有700多集，每集的時(shí)長(zhǎng)從6分鐘到30分鐘不等)”，第三段“Morethan100episodesarewaitingforyou,andtheaveragelengthofanepisodeisaboutonehour.(100多集在等著你，平均每集時(shí)長(zhǎng)約1小時(shí))”以及第四段“AdrienneHerberthasmademorethan250episodesinwhichshetalksaboutmotivation,trends,careerpathsandanythingaboutself-improvement.(阿德里安娜·赫伯特已經(jīng)制作了250多集，她在其中談?wù)摿藙?dòng)機(jī)、趨勢(shì)、職業(yè)道路和任何關(guān)于自我提升的事情)”故可知，集數(shù)最多的是由DanHarris創(chuàng)作的TenPercentHappier。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Morethan100episodesarewaitingforyou,andtheaveragelengthofanepisodeisaboutonehour.(100多集在等著你，平均每集時(shí)長(zhǎng)約1小時(shí))”以及第四段“Anewepisodeairseveryweekandusuallylastsforanhour,soit’saperfectpodcastwhenyouneedalittlebitofaboosttokeepgoing.(每周播出一集，通常持續(xù)一個(gè)小時(shí)，所以當(dāng)你需要一點(diǎn)動(dòng)力來(lái)繼續(xù)前進(jìn)時(shí)，這是一個(gè)完美的播客)”可知，兩個(gè)播客每集的平均時(shí)長(zhǎng)大約都是1小時(shí)。故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,thesoothingvoicesofthehostsandtheengagingsubjectswillmakeyoubecomeinterestedinpersonalgrowthanddevelopment,whichisessentialforyoutohaveabetterlife.(然而，主持人舒緩的聲音和引人入勝的主題會(huì)讓你對(duì)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)和發(fā)展產(chǎn)生興趣，這對(duì)你過(guò)上更好的生活至關(guān)重要)”可推知，作者介紹這些播客的目的是讓讀者重視自我成長(zhǎng)。故選A。4．B5．B6．C7．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者看到媽媽對(duì)職業(yè)女性的憧憬和羨慕，用鼓勵(lì)的方式幫媽媽實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的故事，彰顯了親情之愛(ài)。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,Icouldtellfromhercuriosityofandattitudestowardworkingwomenthatsheenviedtheirfinancialfreedomandtheself-esteemthatmustcomewithit.(然而，從她對(duì)職業(yè)女性的好奇和態(tài)度中，我可以看出她羨慕她們的財(cái)務(wù)自由和隨之而來(lái)的自尊)”可知，作者媽媽對(duì)職業(yè)女性的態(tài)度是好奇的，羨慕職業(yè)女性因工作所帶來(lái)的財(cái)政自由和自尊，故選B。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Foryears,Iwatchedheteffortlesslylightupconversationswithbothstrangersandfamily.Herempathyandabilitytoreachtheheartcouldmakeanyonelaugh,evenwhenthestoryitselfdidnotapplytothematall.(多年來(lái)，我看到她毫不費(fèi)力地點(diǎn)亮了與陌生人和家人的談話。她的同情心和打動(dòng)人心的能力能讓任何人開(kāi)懷大笑，即使這個(gè)故事本身并不適用于他們)”可知，作者媽媽在與人交流和逗笑他人方面上有天賦，所以推薦媽媽去當(dāng)一名單口相聲演員。故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Shewasnotsurprisedasshehadhintedatitforlong.Butthenshesawthoselittlenotes.Shestartedtoweepwithherhandsfullofnotes.Shecouldnotbelievethesupportwasreal.(她并不感到驚訝，因?yàn)樗缇偷玫桨凳具^(guò)了。但后來(lái)她看到了那些小紙條。她開(kāi)始哭了，手里拿滿了紙條。她不敢相信這種支持是真的)”可推知，媽媽看到紙條的反應(yīng)十分感動(dòng)和受鼓勵(lì)，故選C。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Formanyparents,theirchildren’scareersaretheirgreatestaccomplishment,butformemymom’sismine.(對(duì)許多父母來(lái)說(shuō)，孩子的事業(yè)是他們最大的成就，但對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，媽媽的事業(yè)就是我的)”可知，作者最大的成就是支持媽媽的夢(mèng)想。故選A。8．D9．D10．B11．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文通過(guò)介紹語(yǔ)言學(xué)家MarcusPerlman針對(duì)bouba/kikieffect語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行的測(cè)試，進(jìn)而得出這一語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象背后可能的原因：?jiǎn)卧~和形狀似乎存在著對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)有可能有助于我們探尋語(yǔ)言的起源。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“MarcusPerlman,alecturerattheUniversityofBirmingham,saysthatacenturyago,linguists(語(yǔ)言學(xué)家)insistedthatthewordsofobjectsdon’tnecessarilysoundliketheverythings.There’snothingdoggy-soundingabouttheworddogorcatlike-soundingaboutthewordcat.Butthere’splentyofevidencenowprovingitfalse.Tofurtherexplorethisconnection,Perlmanandhiscolleaguesturnedtosomethingcalledthebouba/kikieffect.(伯明翰大學(xué)的講師馬庫(kù)斯·帕爾曼說(shuō)，一個(gè)世紀(jì)以前，語(yǔ)言學(xué)家堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，物體的單詞聽(tīng)起來(lái)不一定像物體本身?！肮贰边@個(gè)詞聽(tīng)起來(lái)一點(diǎn)也不像狗，“貓”這個(gè)詞聽(tīng)起來(lái)也不像貓。但現(xiàn)在有大量證據(jù)證明這是錯(cuò)誤的。為了進(jìn)一步探索這種聯(lián)系，帕爾曼和他的同事們轉(zhuǎn)向了一種叫做bouba/kiki效應(yīng)的東西)”可知，馬庫(kù)斯·帕爾曼認(rèn)為單詞的發(fā)音與物體有關(guān)。故選D。9．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Tofurtherexplorethisconnection,Perlmanandhiscolleaguesturnedtosomethingcalledthebouba/kikieffect.(為了進(jìn)一步探索這種聯(lián)系，帕爾曼和他的同事們轉(zhuǎn)向了一種叫做bouba/kiki效應(yīng)的東西)”以及第三段“Whatitisaboutisthatwhenyouseetwoshapes-onelookslikeacloud,kindofroundish,andtheotheroneismorespiky(尖形的),likeastar-andwhenyou’reaskedtosaywhichoneisbouba,youwillbemorelikelytopointtoaroundedoneand,forkiki,toaspikyone.Oneexplanationfortheeffectcouldbetheappearanceoftheletters.Theroundshapeofb-o-u-b-amightarousethesenseofroundness.Butwhathappenswhenyoudon’tseethewordsbuthearthem?(它是關(guān)于當(dāng)你看到兩個(gè)形狀——一個(gè)看起來(lái)像云，有點(diǎn)圓，另一個(gè)更尖，像星星——當(dāng)你被要求說(shuō)出哪個(gè)是bouba時(shí)，你更有可能指向一個(gè)圓的，而kiki則指向一個(gè)尖的。對(duì)這種影響的一種解釋可能是字母的外觀。b-o-u-b-a的圓形可能會(huì)引起圓的感覺(jué)。但是，當(dāng)你看不見(jiàn)文字，但聽(tīng)到它們時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生什么呢？)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于bouba/kiki效應(yīng)的介紹。故選D。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whatevertheirnativelanguageis,mostparticipantssaidtheroundershapewasboubaandthespikyonewaskiki.(不管他們的母語(yǔ)是什么，大多數(shù)參與者都說(shuō)圓形的是bouba，尖的是kiki)”可知，在聽(tīng)到“bauba”的聲音后，參與者會(huì)選擇圓圈。故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句“Thissuggeststhattheeffectseemstobedrivenbysomecorrespondence(對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系)betweenthespokenwordsandtheshapes,whichmightbringusclosertohowthefirstwordscame.(這表明，這種效應(yīng)似乎是由口語(yǔ)和形狀之間的某種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系所驅(qū)動(dòng)的，這可能會(huì)讓我們更接近于第一個(gè)單詞是如何產(chǎn)生的)”可推知，這篇文章暗示了這種效應(yīng)可能有助于理解語(yǔ)言的起源。故選C。12．A13．C14．D15．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家RobertSapolsky在《決定：一門沒(méi)有自由意志的生命科學(xué)》一書中的觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為人的行為方式有時(shí)與目標(biāo)和意圖相沖突，這實(shí)際上是由無(wú)法控制的因素決定的。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Onepersonmightwishtospendmoretimewithfamilybutinsteadfindthemselvesmindlesslybrowsingsocialmedia.Anothermayrepeatedlyignoretheiralarmandmisstheirmorningworkout.(有人可能希望花更多的時(shí)間和家人在一起，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在漫無(wú)目的地瀏覽社交媒體。另一些人可能會(huì)反復(fù)忽略他們的鬧鐘，錯(cuò)過(guò)早上的鍛煉)”可推知，作者通過(guò)舉兩個(gè)例子的方式來(lái)引入文章的話題。故選A。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,inDetermined:AScienceofLifewithoutFreeWill,scientistRobertSapolskyarguesthatsuchchoicesareactuallydeterminedbyfactorsbeyondourcontrol.(然而，在《決定：一門沒(méi)有自由意志的生命科學(xué)》一書中，科學(xué)家羅伯特·薩波爾斯基認(rèn)為，這些選擇實(shí)際上是由我們無(wú)法控制的因素決定的)”可知，科學(xué)家RobertSapolsky認(rèn)為，是不可控的因素決定了我們的選擇和行動(dòng)。故選C。14．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“culturetendtoavoidobstacles(障礙)whenwalkingwhereasthoseraisedinindependentcultureswillremovetheobstacles”可知，通過(guò)句子中的語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)折詞“whereas”以及跟劃線詞形成對(duì)比的單詞independent“自立的；獨(dú)立的”可知，在集體主義文化中長(zhǎng)大的人在路上遇到障礙時(shí)會(huì)避開(kāi)，而在個(gè)人主義文化中長(zhǎng)大的人則會(huì)去清除障礙。故劃線單詞的意思是“合作的；共同的”與D項(xiàng)的“cooperative”意思相近。故選D。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“However,inDetermined:AScienceofLifewithoutFreeWill,scientistRobertSapolskyarguesthatsuchchoicesarethusactuallydeterminedbyfactorsbeyondourcontrol.(然而，在《決定：一門沒(méi)有自由意志的生命科學(xué)》一書中，科學(xué)家羅伯特·薩波爾斯基認(rèn)為，這些選擇實(shí)際上是由我們無(wú)法控制的因素決定的)”以及最后一段“AlthoughSapolskyiscarefulnottoconfusedeterminismwiththeinabilitytoaffectchangeintheworld,hisunclearattitudetowardhowdeterminismmightcoexistwithfreewillisoneofthebook’sweakpoints.(盡管薩波爾斯基小心翼翼地避免將決定論與無(wú)法影響世界變化混為一談，但他對(duì)決定論如何與自由意志共存的不明確態(tài)度是這本書的一個(gè)弱點(diǎn))”綜合可知，文章主要講述了Sapolsky在其書中表明的有關(guān)決定論與自由意識(shí)的觀點(diǎn)，故C選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于決定論和自由意志的觀點(diǎn)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。16．C17．E18．A19．G20．F【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了消費(fèi)者在促銷活動(dòng)中保持明智的三種購(gòu)物方法。16．根據(jù)上文“Shoppinginthesalesfeelslikeasubtlewaytospend.Lowerpricesnaturallyequalmoneysaved.(在促銷活動(dòng)中購(gòu)物感覺(jué)像是一種精明的消費(fèi)方式，較低的價(jià)格自然就等于節(jié)省下來(lái)的錢。)”以及下文“Sometimesyouthinkyou’regettingabargain,butactuallyyou’repayingmorethanyouneedto.(有時(shí)你以為買到了便宜貨，但實(shí)際上你付出的比你需要的更多。)”可知，兩句之間需要承上啟下的過(guò)渡句，C選項(xiàng)Sadly,therearetricksplayedbyretailers.(遺憾的是零售商經(jīng)常運(yùn)用一些伎倆。)承上啟下，同時(shí)下文與該句構(gòu)成解釋關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。17．根據(jù)上文“Youmighthavebeentemptedtobuyamuchhigheritemthanyouactuallyneed,simplybecausewe’redazzledbythesizeofthediscount.(你可能會(huì)被誘惑以更高的價(jià)格購(gòu)入一件物品，僅僅因?yàn)槲覀儽徽劭鄣姆扰醚刍潄y。)”以及下文“Youcanevenhavea‘need’notewhichyouaddtoregularly,allowingyoutofocusyourshoppingduringthesales.(你甚至可以有一個(gè)可定期添加的‘需要’便條，讓你在促銷活動(dòng)期間專注于你的購(gòu)物。)”可知，該處應(yīng)為問(wèn)題的解決辦法。E選項(xiàng)Thebestwaytoavoidthisistocreateamust-havelistbeforeshopping(避免這種情況的最好方法是在購(gòu)物前創(chuàng)建一個(gè)必備清單)符合語(yǔ)境，其中的this指代上文的betemptedtobuyamuchhigheritemthanyouactuallyneed，且amust-havelist與下文的note對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)該空所處位置判斷其應(yīng)為簡(jiǎn)短祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)的小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Justbecausethere’sasalerunningwithalowerprice,doesn’tmeanyoucanscrambleforthegoodsimmediately.(僅僅因?yàn)橛薪祪r(jià)的銷售，并不意味著你可以立即搶購(gòu)商品。)”以及“ChristmascardsanddecorationsarebargainsinJanuarywhileTVstendtobeattheirlowestpricesintheearlysummerwhenthenewermodelsarereleased.(圣誕卡和裝飾品在一月份是便宜貨，而電視往往在初夏新款發(fā)布時(shí)價(jià)格最低。)”可知，本段建議讀者安排好購(gòu)物的時(shí)間，以便獲得更低的價(jià)格。A項(xiàng)“安排你的購(gòu)物時(shí)間”可以作為小標(biāo)題，總領(lǐng)全段。故選A項(xiàng)。19．根據(jù)下文“Sothisisonlyastrategyfornon-essentials.(因此這只是一種針對(duì)非必需品的策略)”可知，這里降價(jià)只是一種促銷方式，G選項(xiàng)Butyoumighthavefeweroptionstochoosefrom,orwillevenmissout.(但你的選擇會(huì)更少，甚至?xí)e(cuò)過(guò)。)符合語(yǔ)境，與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，且與上文“誕卡和裝飾品在一月份是便宜貨，而電視往往在初夏新款發(fā)布時(shí)價(jià)格最低”承接自然，雖然價(jià)格便宜但選擇更少。故選G項(xiàng)。20．根據(jù)下文“Thatcouldmeanstayingawayformhigh-endbrands,