(完整版)構(gòu)詞法練習(xí)及其答案

高考能力測(cè)試構(gòu)詞法WordFormation一．合成Compounding兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一個(gè)詞。方式：1.直接寫在一起。2.用連字符(—)連接。3.由兩個(gè)分開的詞構(gòu)成。(1)合成adj方式例詞AM各宿11adj+adjred-hot構(gòu)成方式例詞2adj+nfirst-class, full—time,part-time1n+vday-dream2adv+vovercome,upturn翻起3adj+現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking,free-thinking,3adj+vwhite-washS'A占n4adj+過(guò)去分詞ready-made\nj'口刀々n構(gòu)成方式例詞1n+nhorseback,bank-note,newspaper,cellphone,5adj+n—edgood-tempered, middle-aged,cold-blooded2adj+nback-yard,forehead,6n+n-ediron-willed3動(dòng)名詞+nhiding place,reading-room7n+adjworld—famous,day—long8n+現(xiàn)在分詞beautyloving, freedom-loving,job-hunting,4v+advget—off,breakin,5adv+voutput,overflow9n+過(guò)去分詞man—made,water—covered,(4)合成advhowever,maybe,wherever,whenever,forever(5)合成代詞whoever,,whatever,everyone,nobody,myself,something,anything,(6)合成介詞inside在 里10adv+adjever—green11adv+現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working,far-seeing12adv+過(guò)去分詞well—prepared, quickly—cured,well—known13num+nfive—year后綴例詞14num+n+adjfive-year—old-alcentral,industrial,national,natural15num+過(guò)去分詞four-legged,six—storied—anEuropean,American,Australian形容詞—erneastern,northern,southern-ablereasonable,horrible,terrible,believable,comfortable,forgettable,sensible一fulcareful,cheerful,grateful,faithful,-ishchildish,Swedish,selfish—ivedestructive,collective,active,creative,effective-ythirsty,dirty,windy,sunny,cloudy,healthy,funny-lesscareless,hopeless,helpless,homeless,sleepless,fearless,limitless-engolden,wooden,woolen-ouscourageous,famous,continuous,serious,various二、派生Derivation前綴含義例詞a-處在……arise,aside,aloneen—使可能enrich,enable,enslavedis—不，否定dissatisfy, dishonest,disappear,disorder,disagreeun—不，做相反動(dòng)作unable,unknown,uncommon,uncomfortable,unfair,unclose,undress,uncover,untiein—im-ir-il-不，非inactive, incapable ,Linpatient,incorrectimpossible, impersonal,impolite, immature,impracticalirregular,irresponsibleillogical,non-不，非non—existent,non—interference,non—conductor,non-stopde-向相反方向發(fā)展decentralize（分散），defrost（解凍）anti-反（對(duì)）anti-freeze,anti-fascistmis一錯(cuò)誤的，壞的misdoingsmisunderstand,misfortunere重復(fù)，再rewrite,remarry,reunite,recycle,co-共同co-exist, co—operate,co-educationex以前的ex-husband,ex-presidenttele遠(yuǎn)程telephone, telegraph,telescopesuper在上面，超級(jí)supermarket,superpower,under在……之下underline,underestimate,underground,inter相互，之間international, interact,inter—changesub—下，次subtitle, submarine,subconscious,subcontinent,trans過(guò)，穿過(guò)，變transformation（變形），translatevice副vice—premier,vice-president—aryimaginary,revolutionary,secondary-icrealistic,historic,poetic-sometroublesome,burdensome,lonesome,handsome-likechildlike,womanlike,manlike-antignorant,significant,observant,important—entdiligent,silent,excellent,frequent—lylively,friendly,lovely,weekly,brotherly,motherly一ishchildish,foolishsemi-半semifinal, semicircle,semi-automaticbi兩個(gè)bicycle,biennial兩年一次的tri三個(gè)triangle三角形，tricycle三輪腳踏車，triplets三胞胎mul-多，多種multiply,multi-national,multi-colouredkilo-千kilometre,kilogram三、轉(zhuǎn)化Conversion:指一個(gè)詞不變化詞形，而副由一種此類轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞類或幾種詞類。 詞1。名詞和動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化telephone電話一打電后綴例詞動(dòng)詞—izerealize,modernize,mechanize,criticize,-enwiden,strengthen,lengthen,sharpen,widen,shorten,quicken,deepen—fySimplify,beautify,terrify,后綴例詞-ward(s)forward,northward,backward,downward—lyslowly,quickly,carefully,loudly,happily,friendly話，mirror鏡子一像鏡子一樣反映，drink喝一飲料，record錄音-記錄，name,date,hand,study,2.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞perfect完美的——使完善3。名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞（副詞） front前面-前面的4.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞 chief主要的-—首領(lǐng)訓(xùn)練要旨：構(gòu)詞法是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，也是近年來(lái)?？嫉捻?xiàng)目.特別是在詞語(yǔ)辨析的綜合運(yùn)用中,對(duì)詞匯掌握的要求越來(lái)越高.檢測(cè)構(gòu)詞法,在閱讀理解中，已不把這種詞匯看作生詞,而是把這類詞的理解看作學(xué)生通過(guò)對(duì)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)，應(yīng)該具備的一種能力。如有的生詞,只要其詞根是學(xué)生們?cè)撜莆盏幕蚴煜さ?只是加上了前綴或后綴，再者或是合成詞等，命題人就認(rèn)為不必再注出漢語(yǔ)注釋。.Thatmanwasenoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A。careB.carefulcarelessDcarelessness2。Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild，sohisisheavierthanMountTai。A。dieB.deadC。diedD。death3。Thechildlookedathisbrotherwhowasbadlywounded.A.sadlyB。sadnessC.sadlysad4。Heisanexpertatchemistry。Weallcallhima。A.chemistryB.chemicalC。chemisD.physician.Thethree- chairisn’tsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff。A。leggingB。leggedC.legsD.leged.Stephensonbecamethe railwayengineerintheworld。A。leadB。leaderC.leadingD.leadership。Whentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem,Jacklookedaboutathisclassmates。A.proud B.proudly C。pride D.pridely.Toeveryone's,thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A。satisfiedB.satisfactoryC.satisfyingD。satisfaction9。一Whatareyoudoinghere?—Oh，myteacheraskedmetowriteapassageaboutinEnglish?！猋oucanwritepassageinEnglish？A。600words；a600-wordsB.600—word；a600—wordsCo600words；a600-word D.600words；a600—words.Nooneshouldenterthespotwithoutthe ofthepolice。A.permitB.permissionC.permittingD.permittence11Youmustcomewithustothepolice.Ourheadiswaitingforyou。A。headquartersB。headlineC。headmasterD。headache12。Lettingthatanimalescapewasnoaccident；youdidit.A。intendB。intentionC.intentionallyD.intentional.Theshopownerwelcomedalltheguestswithasmile.A。practiceB.practiseC.practicalD.practiced.The orderedhimtopaya$100fine.A.judgerB.judgmentC.judgeD.judgement.MyTVisoutoforder.Canyoutellmewhatisthe newsaboutIraqWar？A.latelyB。latestC.laterD。latter.TheGreatWallismorethan6000liin。A.longerB。lengthC.longD.longing17。Tomy，Ipassedtheexameasily.A.joyB.joyfulC。joylessD。joynessCanadaismainlyancountry.AoEnglish—speakingB.speak-EnglishCospoken—EnglishDoEnglish-spokenHow heis!Heisalwaysacting .Heisreallya 。Aofoolish;foolishly;foolB.fool;foolish;foolC。foolish;fool;foolD.foolishly;foolish;fool20oThenecklacethatshelostisveryexpensive°It'sofgreat。A。valuableB。valueCovaluelessD。unvaluable21oTherewerefishintheriverinSouthAmerica.A。indangerB.dangerC。dangerousD.dangerless22oTheletter"b"intheword“doubt"is.A.soundB°silentC.silenceDosounded23.Thechildlookedatme。A。strangerB.strangely C。strangeD。strangeless24.Theblackpeoplewereagainstslaveryandfoughtfortheirbravely.A。freeB.freelyCofreedomD。frees25oWhatyousaidsoundedbutinfactitwasuntrue.A.reasonableB。reasonfulC.reasonlessD。unreason26.Wehavetolearntechnologyfromothercountries.A。advanceB。advancingC。advantageDoadvanced27oThechildrenliveinavillage。Theycomeherealmosteveryday.A。nearbyB.nearC.nearlyD。nearby28oMrBlackisaninthearmy,notaninthegovernment.Youcannoteasilyfindhiminhis .A。official;officer；officeB。officer;office;officialC。official；official;officialD.officer;official;office29.You'dbettergiveupsmokingifyouwanttokeep。A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.healthier30ospeaking,Ididn'tdoitonpurpose。AoHonestlyB.HonestC.HonestyDoDishonest1.Itsoundslikeagoodplan,buttherearesome difficultiesincarryingitout。A.practicedB。practicalC。practiceD.practicingHisfatherpossessesafactory,whichdoesmostofthepollutiontothisriver.A.paper—make B.paper—makingC.papers-made D.paper—madeoMarxlefthishomelandforsomereasons.A.politicallyB。politicsC.politicalD.politician34oIt'stopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking°He'sverystubborn。A。possibleB。possiblyC.impossibleD。impossibilityDancaughttwo birdsinthewoodlastweekandtheyarestill inthecage.Aoalive;liveB.live;liveC.live;alive D.alive;aliveThedoctorsaidthattheoldman’sconditionwas__andthattheyhadtriedtheirbest。A.hopeBohopedCohopefulD.hopelessAnnfeltso thatshecouldhardlyopenhereyes.A.sleepyB.asleepCosleepD.sleeping38oWestoodthere atthe sightoA.frightened；frightfulBofrighteningfrightfulC.fright；frighteningDofrightful；fright39oThedoctor’sadvice himfromdrinkingandsmoking.A.encouragedBocouragedC.encouragementD.discouraged40I’dliketobuyahouse,modern，comfortableandaboveallinaquiet_oAoneighbourBoneighbourhoodConeighboursDneighbour’sllo改錯(cuò)練習(xí)（每小題有一個(gè)構(gòu)詞法錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并更正）1.TheMiludeerarelivinginthewildinanaturalpark.2.Thisblouseisfitforhimatall.It’stoolongandthecolorhasruno.Thepossiblythatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed..Wemuststrengthgovernmentofthepeople，bythepeopleandforthepeople..Thespermwhalecandivetoadeepofmorethan1000metersinthesea..Heisaveryfamousactress.Hehasplayedmanyimportantpartsindifferentfilms..Personal,I'dratherstayathomewatchingTVo 8.Becauseofherill，shecan’tgooutforthesight—seeingo9oThankyouforyourdescribeoftheconditionshere.10.It’sreallydustinthisroomoIt’salongtimesincesomeonelastlivedinito11oWealldon’tknowhowdarkhappens. 12.Heopenedtheenvelope，foldedtheletterandbegantoreadito13oSheoffereduslotsofvalueinformation，whichplayedanimportantpartincatchingthethiefo14.Wewishyouapleasurejourneybackhome.15.Thecaptainmadeanapologizetothepassengersforthedelaycausedbybadweathero16oIwishthatyoucouldinterviewthesejournalswhocomeo 17oCoralisnotaplantbutavariousofanimallifeo8.Inmyopinion,Harryisthemostsuitfulpersonforthejob.19.Thefoodwasgoodbuttheservewaspoor..Thismeetingisofgreatimportanttoallofus.21oTherecomesalargecollectionofsoldiersinthedistanto.Whenhegottothedestination，hewasquiteoutofbreathe.23.Traditionallyspeaking，RussiaisaEuropecountryo.“Actual”means“infact”，andwecanalsouse“asamatteroffact".25.ItispossibletopersuadeAdamtogiveupthatdecide.26oThedoctorsaidthatthepatiencewascomfortableaftertheoperationo27oSomepeoplesaythatthisnewdiscovermightchangethewholesocietycompletely..TheChinesegovernmenttreasurethefriendlybetweenthepeopleoftwocountriesandwearewaitingforapeacefulsettlementofthismattero 29oShewasafraidofhighanddarednotjumpoutoftheplane.30oHermotherdiedofhungryaftertheflood. 31oIbetyouaremistakethistimeo.Themansaidthathewasmerelyapass-byandthathedidn’twatchtheaccidento33o—Doyoufollowme?—Yes，perfect..PersonalpossessofgunscauseslotsoftroublesintheUSA.35oThegreatestwealthyis

beingcontentwithalittle.。Ibelieveourdreamthathumanswilltraveltoandfromthemoonwillcometruthoneday..Failisthemotherofsuccess. 38.Everyyearmillionsofvisiterscometovisitthedams.39。TheChinesepeoplearebuildingsocialistandhaveachievedgreatprogress.40.Peopleallwentuptooffertheircongratulateontheirwinningthekeymatch.前后綴“冰山一角”練習(xí)一.形容詞后綴1-ous結(jié)尾advantage ambition__anxiety continue courage _danger _disaster fame___ glory__ humor mountain __mystery __nerve _number ___poison___ prosper religion __suspicion vary _vigor 2.以一al結(jié)尾Chemistry_class economy __editor education exception ___finance ___function logic___ memory__ nation origin parent person physics __politics__ region substance ___technique___ technology 3.以一able結(jié)尾ability accept access__ adapt_ avail avoid capability changecomfort compare _convert desire duration __favor __flexibility honor move notice permit __ reason__ sense vision 4。以-ful結(jié)尾beauty__ care cheer___ doubt_ faith fruit glass hand harm help_ mouth peace power skill spoon success thought _wonder 二名詞后綴1。以ment結(jié)尾achieve advance __advertise_ agree disagree __argue assign attach __appoint___ develop embarrass ___encourage___ engage ___enjoy equip establish govern install __manage move__ pave_ pay punish ship state2.以—al結(jié)尾approve disapprove __arrive propose_ refuse remove_survivetry___withdraw_3.以一ance/—-ence/—ency/cy結(jié)尾abundant___accurate_ agent allow apply attend _ bankrupt__ competent compliant confident ___consist ___convenient__ inconvenient correspondent current _ dependent__independentinnocent___ diplomat distant _efficient ___elegant ___evident__ exist_ fluent frequent __infer __infant influentialintelligent interfere ___offend __patient ___perform__ prefer_ refer resident __significant__ silent___ tend___ urgent__ vacant violent 4o以——ion結(jié)尾act __add admit attract ___associate collect _combine complete commit communicate compose _conclude __consider ___consume___ create_ decide declare _define describe destroy ___determine_ devote direct distinct _discuss _dominate___ educate_ elect evolve except exhaust exhibit exploit_ found identify __illustrate imitate impress ___include intend introduce___ investigate __invite liberate locate oblige occupy operate organize participate permit predict _produce provide pollute possess recognize recommend regulate relate satisfy _select solve__ submit __suggest utilizeverify 三動(dòng)詞前后綴、1。以一en開頭或結(jié)尾large able courage___ rich hard weak broad soft___ moist _length strength _threat __sharp sure 2.以-ify結(jié)尾magnified