中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 考點(diǎn)詳解+真題練習(xí)專項(xiàng)突破42 任務(wù)型閱讀之還原句子（含解析）

專項(xiàng)42任務(wù)型閱讀之還原句子閱讀短文還原句子的文章一般為200—250詞左右，設(shè)空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。根據(jù)歷年真題的考查可看出考題中段中設(shè)空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：1.學(xué)生能理解故事情節(jié)和事件發(fā)展順序。2.學(xué)生能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。二、滿分技巧 1.解題步驟（1）讀選項(xiàng)，畫關(guān)鍵詞，暗排序。（2）讀文章，找邏輯，抓過渡詞。（3）先易后難來(lái)解題。（4）回讀文章定答案。2.得分技巧（1）抓住過渡詞，看住上下句。（2）盯緊橫線的前后詞語(yǔ)。通過學(xué)生對(duì)這類題型的解題步驟、思路及技巧的練習(xí)和實(shí)踐，可總結(jié)出以下復(fù)習(xí)策略：1.養(yǎng)成限時(shí)閱讀的習(xí)慣，提高閱讀速度。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀技能，處理好閱讀速度與效率問題。閱讀速度應(yīng)控制在每篇5分鐘，每分鐘40—50個(gè)詞為宜。2.注意?？键c(diǎn)。平時(shí)練習(xí)多注意代詞（如it，this，they）、選項(xiàng)的句內(nèi)關(guān)系（如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折）及重現(xiàn)（文章與選項(xiàng)的復(fù)現(xiàn)提示）等。3.解題技巧通讀全文，了解文章大意。根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)、具體內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，將選項(xiàng)填入文中，再次通讀全文，重點(diǎn)考查邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)，研究多余選項(xiàng)，確定排除理由，最終確定答案。1.如果問題設(shè)在段首（1）通常是段落的主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。（2）與后文是并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞，通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句之間會(huì)有某種的銜接手段。（3）段落間的過渡句。這時(shí)要瞻前顧后找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來(lái)，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。2.如果問題設(shè)在段尾（1）空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。（2）通常是結(jié)論，概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果結(jié)論，總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如：Therefore，asaresult，thus，hence，inshort，tosumup，toconclude，inaword等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（3）與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。（4）與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)全說(shuō)明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)，因此，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。（5）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段的開頭是否有一定的銜接，認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來(lái)。（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來(lái)，正確答案應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。A（2022·山東濟(jì)南·中考真題）Leadingyoungpeopletotakeupphysicalexerciseisreallyimportant.____1____Butareportrecentlyshowsthatonlyhalfofgirlswhowerequestionedbyresearchersenjoydoingsports.____2____Whatarethereasons?Becauseoftheirdislikeoftheclothestheyareaskedtowearandthelack（缺乏）offacilities（設(shè)備）todotheirhairafterwards.Asmoregirlsthanboysfailtotakepartinphysicalactivities,thisisseenasaproblemthatneedsdealingwith.ManyofthegirlsquestionedsaidtheydislikedwearingtheskirtsthatareoftenpartofPEclothesandthattheclothesshouldbemorecomfortabletowear.ThegirlswantedtohavethechancetosaywhatthePEclothesshouldlooklike.Theysuggestedclothingshouldcovermoreoftheirbodies,suchasleggingsandhigh-neckedshirts.____3____Anotherkeyproblemthegirlsreportedwasnothavingthefacilitiesavailabletodotheirhairaftertheyhadtakenpartinexercise.Thegirlsbeinginterviewedwantedprivatespacewheretheycouldgetchanged.Theyfeltschoolsshouldsupplyhairdryerssothattheycouldstyletheirhair.____4____Theycouldusethistimetodotheirhairandmakesuretheylookedthesameastheydidbeforetheclass.Theresearchersarguethatsincegirlsworryagreatdealabouthowtheylookduringtheirteenageyears,itisimportantthatschoolstaketheseproblemsseriously.____5____Someteachersfeelsportsshouldkeepyoungers’mindsoffhowtheylook.Itshouldhelpthemseethevalueofkeepingphysicallyfit,enjoyingteamspiritandachievingtheirsuccessandnotworryingaboutwhattheirhairlookslike.A．GirlshadthefollowingproblemswithPEclasses.B．Evenaquarterofthemactuallyavoidtakingpart.C．However,noteveryoneagreeswiththesuggestions.D．Theyalsorequired15minutesattheendofthePEclass.E．Surprisingly,mostgirlsdon’tagreewiththissuggestion.F．PEclassesareonewayofgettingyoungpeopletodothis.G．Theyalsothoughtthematerialsusedwerenotgoodenough.【答案】1．F

2．B

3．G

4．D

5．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章分析了女生們不喜歡上體育課的原因以及學(xué)生們對(duì)此問題提出的相關(guān)建議。1．根據(jù)上一句“Leadingyoungpeopletotakeupphysicalexerciseisreallyimportant.”可知，讓年輕人進(jìn)行體育鍛煉是真的很重要。因此此處應(yīng)是說(shuō)明如何讓年輕人做這件事。選項(xiàng)F“體育課是讓年輕人做這件事的一種方法?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F。2．根據(jù)上一句“Butareportrecentlyshowsthatonlyhalfofgirlswhowerequestionedbyresearchersenjoydoingsports.”可知，最近的一份報(bào)告顯示，在接受問卷調(diào)查的女生中，只有一半的女生喜歡做運(yùn)動(dòng)。由此可知，此處應(yīng)是說(shuō)明女生參加運(yùn)動(dòng)的其他情況。選項(xiàng)B“甚至她們中有四分之一實(shí)際上還逃避運(yùn)動(dòng)。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。3．根據(jù)上文“ManyofthegirlsquestionedsaidtheydislikedwearingtheskirtsthatareoftenpartofPEclothesandthattheclothesshouldbemorecomfortabletowear.”可知，此處講女生們不喜歡體育課上所要穿的衣服。選項(xiàng)G“他們還認(rèn)為所用的材料不夠好?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G。4．根據(jù)下一句“Theycouldusethistimetodotheirhairandmakesuretheylookedthesameastheydidbeforetheclass.”可知，他們可以利用這個(gè)時(shí)間去整理她們的頭發(fā)，確保她們看起來(lái)和去上體育課前一樣。說(shuō)明此處應(yīng)是建議要有一個(gè)特殊的時(shí)間段。選項(xiàng)D“她們也要求體育課結(jié)束的時(shí)候要有15分鐘的休息時(shí)間。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。5．根據(jù)上一句“Theresearchersarguethatsincegirlsworryagreatdealabouthowtheylookduringtheirteenageyears,itisimportantthatschoolstaketheseproblemsseriously.”可知，有些研究人員認(rèn)為學(xué)校應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對(duì)待這些問題。結(jié)合下一句“Someteachersfeelsportsshouldkeepyoungers’mindsoffhowtheylook.”可知，有些老師認(rèn)為應(yīng)該讓年輕人摒棄和外貌有關(guān)的想法。此處應(yīng)是說(shuō)明有些人的看法不一致。選項(xiàng)C“然而，并不是每個(gè)人都同意這些建議。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。B（2022·遼寧朝陽(yáng)·中考真題）閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容，從所給的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文內(nèi)容連貫、完整。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyyear,whentheDragonBoatFestivalcomes,Chinesepeopleoftenhangakindofplantonthedoor.Itiscalledwormwood(艾草).___6___Ontheotherhand,itsspecialsmellcanalsokeepannoyinginsectsawayfromrooms.Infact,wormwoodtastesbitterbutsmellsverypleasant.___7___SoitcanbeseeninCompendiumofMateriaMedica(《本草綱目》).ThisbookiswidelybelievedtobetheclassicofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM).ThewriterofthebookisLiShizhen.____8____Wormwoodiswell-knownforitsabilitytotreatagreatnumberofillnesses.Hundredsofyearslater,inQichun,HubeiProvince,itisstillservinglocalpeople.Recently,QichunhasbeenbusypreparingfortheWorldWormwoodIndustryShow.___9___AnditwillbegoodforthepopularityofTCMandthetraditionalChineseculture.Wormwoodhasbecomethemainindustryinthisarea.___10___Atthesametime,wormwoodisgraduallyknownaroundtheworldasakindoftraditionalChinesemedicine.A．Wormwoodcanbeeateninmanyways.B．Youcantrythisplant.C．Hundredsofyearsago,Chinesepeoplebegantousewormwoodasakindofmedicine.D．ItwilltakeplaceduringtheDragonBoatFestival.E．Thelifeoflocalpeopleisgettingbetterandbetterbygrowingwormwood.F．HewasaveryfamousTCMexpertduringtheMingDynasty.G．Ontheonehand,peoplebelievethatwormwoodcandriveoutevilspiritsorbadluck.【答案】6．G

7．C

8．F

9．D

10．E【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種藥材——艾草的作用、歷史以及世界艾草業(yè)博覽會(huì)的相關(guān)事宜。6．根據(jù)“...Ontheotherhand,itsspecialsmellcanalsokeepannoyinginsectsawayfromrooms.”可知，此處介紹艾草的作用，選項(xiàng)G“一方面，人們相信艾草可以驅(qū)鬼辟邪。”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。7．根據(jù)“SoitcanbeseeninCompendiumofMateriaMedica”可知，在《本草綱目》里看到，所以是一種藥物，選項(xiàng)C“幾百年前，中國(guó)人就開始使用艾草作為一種藥物?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選C。8．根據(jù)“ThewriterofthebookisLiShizhen.”可知，此處介紹李時(shí)珍，選項(xiàng)F“他是明代一位非常著名的中醫(yī)專家?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選F。9．根據(jù)“Recently,QichunhasbeenbusypreparingfortheWorldWormwoodIndustryShow.”可知，此處介紹艾草產(chǎn)業(yè)展，選項(xiàng)D“它將在端午節(jié)期間舉行?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選D。10．根據(jù)“Wormwoodhasbecomethemainindustryinthisarea.”可知，艾草已成為這個(gè)地區(qū)的主要產(chǎn)業(yè)，選項(xiàng)E“通過種植艾草，當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳钤絹?lái)越好?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選E。A（2022·陜西師大附中模擬預(yù)測(cè)）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。MylittledreamofbookIhavealwayswantedtowritesinceIwasachild.____11____WhenHarryPottercameout,Iwassofascinatedwithit.AndIreallyhopedtobecomeanexcellentwriterlikeJ.K.Rowlingoneday.TheproblemisthatIwasnotaverygoodwriter.ThenIpreparedalittleblackbookanditlookedverycommon.____12____.Itstartedassomewheretowritedownalloftheinterestingexperiences.Whenanideacameintomyhead,Iwouldwriteitdown.Sometimesthefirstideawasnotsuchagoodone,butitmightleadtobetterideas.Iwrotedowntenideasnomatterhowbadtheywere.____13____.AfterthatIwoulddevelopitintoafewpages.NowIbringthebookeverywherewithme.Inmyopinion,____14____.Itisfullofcolorfulthoughtsorwhattheworldislike—theworldisfullofstrangethings.Everyday,thereissomethingspecialandunusualjustwaitingtobediscovered.Mybookisamazing.Itletsmecatchallofthosesmallthingsandcatchthembeforetheycangoaway.SofarIhavewrittenagreatnovelandsomepoems.____15____.Infact,thisbookismorethanjustwordsonpaperforme.Itismyspecialwealth.A．Itmakesmylifemoreandmoremeaningful.B．Idon’tlikeitatallatfirst.C．ThenIwroteashortstorywiththreebestideas.D．However,itwasalittlebookofdreams.E．itismuchmoreimportantthanmymobilephone.F．Honestly,IamsurprisedtofindthatIcanwritepoems.G．IfellinlovewithwritingwhenIstartedreading.【答案】11．G

12．D

13．C

14．E

15．F【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了作者一直想寫作，但是由于不擅長(zhǎng)寫作，于是寫出了十個(gè)主意，并選擇了其中三個(gè)開始創(chuàng)作并寫在一本準(zhǔn)備好的小黑書上。這本書讓作者抓住了那些即將消失的東西，這是作者最特別的財(cái)富。11．根據(jù)“IhavealwayswantedtowritesinceIwasachild.”可知是說(shuō)作者從小就一直想寫作，選項(xiàng)G“當(dāng)我開始閱讀的時(shí)候，我愛上了寫作。”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。12．根據(jù)“ThenIpreparedalittleblackbookanditlookedverycommon”（然后我準(zhǔn)備了一本小黑書）以及“Itstartedassomewheretowritedownalloftheinterestingexperiences.”可知此處是介紹這個(gè)小黑書的作用，選項(xiàng)D“然而，這是一本關(guān)于夢(mèng)想的小書?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選D。13．根據(jù)“Iwrotedowntenideasnomatterhowbadtheywere.”可知是作者寫了十個(gè)想法，不管它們有多糟糕。選項(xiàng)C“然后我用三個(gè)最好的想法寫了一個(gè)短篇故事?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選C。14．根據(jù)“NowIbringthebookeverywherewithme.Inmyopinion”可知此處是介紹這本書對(duì)于作者的重要性，選項(xiàng)E“它比我的手機(jī)重要得多。”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。15．根據(jù)“SofarIhavewrittenagreatnovelandsomepoems”可知此處說(shuō)的是作者寫了一部小說(shuō)和詩(shī)歌，選項(xiàng)F“說(shuō)實(shí)話，我很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)我能寫詩(shī)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選F。D（2022·江蘇·連云港市新海實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)三模）Lotspeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorningandputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeytoeasymorningwake-upliesinrestingyourbodyclock.___16___Hereishowtomakeone.___17___Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit’simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreason,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.___18___That’saquarter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.Ifyou’retiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginonSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butcompensating(補(bǔ)償)ontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthefollowingweek,arecentstudyfound.___19___Keeparecordandevaluate(計(jì)算)itweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou’vetriedanewmethodfor