廣東省部分區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語匯編：閱讀理解（含解析）

廣東省部分區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題匯編：閱讀理解廣東省汕頭市澄海區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASanFranciscoWineryTourRunning:February1stthroughApril30thThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopatthefamousWinerySF.Hereyoucanenjoy4poursofsomeofthebestwineSanFranciscohastooffer.(Includedinticketsprice)DepartingfromtheCannery:TourtimesuponrequestDuration(時長):2hoursPrice:$90BacktotheFiftiesTourRunning:August16ththroughAugust31stThistourtransportsyoubackintimetooneofSanFrancisco’smostfantasticperiods,the1950s!EnjoyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughSanFranciscoforafreetasteoficecream.DepartingfromtheCannery:5:00pmand7:30pmDuration:2hoursPrice:$90SpookyHalloweenTourRunning:October10ththroughOctober31stJoinusforaridethroughthehistoricalPresidiodistrict.Authenticfiregear(服裝)isprovidedforyourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyoutosomeofthemostthrillingpartsofSanFrancisco.DepartingfromtheCannery:6:30pmand8:30pmDuration:1hourand30minutesPrice:AvailableuponrequestHolidayLightsTourRunning:December6ththroughDecember23rdThisattractivetourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancisco’smostcheerfulholidayscenes.Authenticfiregearisprovidedforyourwarmthasyougetintotheholidayspirit.DepartingfromtheCannery:7:00pmand9:00pmDuration:1hourand30minutesAdvancereservationsrequired.1.Whichofthetoursissuitablefortouristswhoareinterestedinhistory?A.SanFranciscoWineryTour. B.BacktotheFiftiesTour.C.SpookyHalloweenTour. D.HolidayLightsTour.2.WhatistherequirementfortouriststogoonHolidayLightsTour？A.Takesomedrinks． B.Setoffearlyinthemorning．C.Wearwarmclothes． D.Makereservationsinadvance．3.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Travelbrochure. B.Encyclopedia. C.Textbook. D.Biography.BOneweekendlastsummer,IpaidavisittotheSaharaDesertwithmyboyfriendDavid.BeforewewenttotheSaharaDesert,wehadheardaboutthesandstormsthere.Butwedidn’tbelievewewouldbesounluckytoexperienceone.Wewereinajeepwithourguidewhensomeonewhowastravelingwithussaidasandstormwasapproaching.Buttheguideshookhishead,sayingweshouldn’tworry.Hetookusstraighttotheplacewherewewouldtakeacamelride.Wewerelosingourselvesinwatchingsunriseafterthecamelridewhenthesandstormstruckus.Thewindsroaredthroughthevalleysbetweendunes,liftingthesanduntilitwasimpossibletobreathe.Davidfoundmeinthesand.Thenhebegantakingoffhislongscarfaroundhisneckandface,wantingtoputitaroundmyfaceinstead.ButIrejectedit.Instead,ImanagedtoputonatraveljacketthatIhadputinmybackpackandpulledthehoodaroundmyface.Davidheldmeandwewalkedclumsilyinthesand.AllIwantedwastogetbacktoourcampandoutofthestorm.Unfortunately,gettingbacktothecampmeanthavingtomakeourwaythroughthestorm.BothDavidandIclimbedonourcamels.Sandhiteverypartofmybody.Witheyesshuttight,Iwasblind,unabletocontrolthecamel.Whenwefinallystopped,Davidhelpedmetogetoffthecamelandledmetothesideofalongblacktent,whereherolledoutablanketandhelpedmetosit.Wesawourguidenearus.“Ithoughtyouguysweregoingtokillme,”hesaid,“Thereweresigns,ifIhadpaidattention.Thedriverremindedmetwicetodotheridetomorrowmorninginsteadoftonight,buteveryonewassoeageraboutridingcamelsthatIdidn’texpecttoseeallofyoufeelupset.”Mostofuslaugheditoff.Afeweventookapleasureintheexperience.ThoughIsufferedalot,Ididn’tregretmytripthere.Howmanypeoplecansaythey’veriddenacamelthroughasandstormintheSaharaDesert?4.Whathappenedtotheauthorandherboyfriend?A.TheylosttheirwayintheSaharaDesert.B.Theywerecheatedbyaguide.C.Theywerecaughtinastrongsandstorm.D.Theylosttheirtraveljacketsandsandhittheirbody.5.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheauthorandherboyfriend?A.Theybecameblindandlosttheireyesightinthesandstorm.B.Theysufferedalotonthewaybacktothecamp.C.Theyhadenoughgoodsurvivalskillsinsandstorms.D.TheyhadpreparedtoexperienceasandstormbeforetheywenttotheSaharaDesert.6.Whydidn’ttheguidemovethecamelridetothenextday?A.Thedriverencouragedhimtodoso.B.Hethoughtthesandstormwouldstopsoon.C.Hewasexcitedtoridecamelsinthesandstorm.D.Hedidn’twanttoletthetouristsdown.7.Whatdoestheauthormostprobablythinkoftheexperience?A.Worthwhile. B.Regretful. C.Painful. D.UnfortunateCBogreUdell,whospeaksfourlanguages,metFredericoAndrade,whospeaksfive,attheParsonsNewSchoolinNewYorkCity.In2014,theystartedaprojectwhichwasscheduledtomakethefirstpublicrecordsofeverylanguageintheworld.They’vealreadyrecordedmorethan350languages,andplantohit1,000inthecomingyears.“Whenhumanslosealanguage,wealsolosegreaterdiversity(多樣化)inartandtraditions,”saidBogreUdell.Between1950and2010,230languagesdisappeared.Today,athirdoftheworld'slanguageshavefewerthan1,000speakersleft.Everytwoweeksalanguagedieswithitslastspeaker,and50to90percentofthemaresaidtodisappearbythenextcentury.Wikitongues,anon-profitorganizationseekingtosaveworldlanguages,hasaskedforvolunteersin40countriestofilmnativespeakerstalkinginthepast,present,andfuturetensesoftheirmotherlanguages.Nativespeakersarerequestedtorecallchildhood,sharetheirstories,anddiscusstheirhopesandgoals.OnevolunteerintheSouthPacificislandsofVanuaturecordedalanguagethathadneverbeenstudiedbylanguageexpertsbefore.AnothervolunteerfoundaspeakerofAinu,alanguageinJapanthathasnorelationtoanyotherknownlanguage,andhealsorecordedit.However,pricelessrecordingopportunitiesdisappearregularly.Notlongago,oneofthelasttwospeakersofaSaamilanguageintheRussiansteppesdiedrightbeforehisrecordingsessionwithWikitongues.Beingshortofprotectionandglobalizationareresponsibleforreducinglanguagediversity.Formuchofthe20thcentury,governmentsacrosstheworldforcedsomelocalpeopletouseofficiallanguages.Morethan100languagesinAustraliahavedisappearedsinceEuropeansettlersarrived.However,mostlanguagesdietodaybecauseofotherfactors;climatechangeandurbanizationcontributegreatlytotheextinctionoflanguages.8.WhatwasthegoaloftheprojectestablishedbyBogreUdellandFredericoAndrade?A.Toworkouthowmanylanguageshadbeenlost.B.Toofferlanguagecourseswiththetraditionstopeople.C.Tofindoutthereasonsfortheseriouslanguageloss.D.Todocumentallthelanguagesintheworld.9.HowdoestheauthororganizehisopinioninParagraph2?A.Bymakingcomparison. B.ByquotingFrederico’sidea.C.Bygivingexamplesanddata. D.Byexplainingcauseandresult.10.WhichofthefollowingsareNOTthefactorsleadingtothedisappearanceoflanguages?A.Foreignlanguagesandgovernments’laws. B.Urbanizationandthelackofprotection.C.Globalizationandforeignsettlers. D.SpreadofofficiallanguagesandClimatechange.11.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheRecordofLanguages B.TheHistoryofLanguagesC.TheDisappearanceofLanguages D.TheDiversityofLanguagesDAccordingtoanewstudy,greatwhitesandwhalesharksareamongthespeciesatriskofdyingoutoverthenextcentury.PimientoistheleadauthorofaresearchpublishedinScienceAdvances.Theresearchlooksathowtheextinctionoflargemarine(海洋的)specieswouldinfluencetheecologicalrolesofoceanecosystems.“Theworryingextinctionchallengesscientiststobettermeasurethevarietyofbiology:howwillthetotalvarietyoflifeonEarthbeaffectedashumanactivitiesleadtothelossesofmoreandmorecreatures?”theysaid.Intheoceans,thebiggestanimalsarethoughttoplayimportantecologicalroles,andarealsofacinghighlevelsofthreatfromhumanactivitiessuchasfisheriesandclimatechange.Theteamwaslookingtomovebeyondtraditionalspeciesextinctions,tofindoutmoreaboutthefunctionaldiversity,therangeofrolesthatthesespeciesperform,andhowbiodiversity(生物多樣性)mightrespondunderdifferentextinctionscenarios(預(yù)測).Theyrantwodifferentextinctionscenarios.Inone,researcherslookedatextinctionprobabilitybasedontheircurrentIUCN(InternationalUnionforConservationofNature)status.Inthesecond,theyassumedallspecieslistedasthreatened,around40percent,hadgoneextinct.Sharkswerefoundtobeoneoftheworstaffectedgroups.“Wealreadyknewthatsharksareoneofthemostthreatenedgroupsintheocean,”theysaid.“Theyarealsoveryeasilyhurtduetotheirlargesizeandlowreproductiverate.Ourresultsshowthatthemostfunctionallyuniqueandspecialsharkspecieswouldbemorelikelytodieoutinthefuture,contributingtogreaterecologicallosses.”Theyalsofoundthebiggestthreatstomarinemegafauna(大型哺乳動物群)arefishing,eitherthroughgettingcaughtupbyaccidentordirectlytargeted,andclimatechange.Reducingthesethreatscouldbethebestwaytoprotectthesespecies.Thegoodnewsisthatthestudyidentifieskeyspeciesthatcanbetargetedandprotected.Sometimesoceanpreservationcanbeatriagegame.Thesciencehelpsusknowwhichspeciesreallyneedourhelpandwhichspecieswereallycannotaffordtolose.12.WhydidPimientocarryoutthestudy?A.Toshowthatgreatwhitesharksandwhalesharksareendangered.B.Tostudythemaincauseoftheextinctionofsomelargespeciesinthesea.C.Toworkouttheecologicalroleoflargeanimalsintheocean.D.Toofferusthebestwayofbalancingvarietyofbiologywithhumanacts.13.Howdidtheteamconductitsresearch?A.Bycheckingcurrentdata. B.Bypredictingextinctionrates.C.Bymeasuringmarinebiodiversity. D.Byanalyzingtraditionalexperiments.14.Whatdoestheresearchresultshow?A.Theriskofsharksreproducingintheocean.B.Thereasonsforsharksbeinghithardestinthesea.C.Theinfluenceofsharks’extinctionontheocean.D.Thesolutiontolargeseaanimals’dyingout.15.Theunderlinedword“triage”inParagraph5means_________.A.challenging B.interesting C.easy D.sorting廣東省揭陽市揭西區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AActivitiesforFamilieswithChildrenIfyougetavacationtospendwithyourchildrenbuthavenoideawhattodo,youandyourchildrencanhavegreatfuninthefollowingamazingactivitiesaroundCusco,Peru.HorseridingManychildrenlongforanopportunitytorideahorseandgetclosetoanimals.TheHappyRanchhorsefarmorganizeshorseridesthroughthecountrysidepassingwheatfields,smalltowns,woodenhutsandopenairmarkets.Childrenwillbeexposedtothebeautyofnature.Priceforahorserideis12perperson.CookingclassIfyouenjoylocalfood,takingacookingclasswithyourchildrenwouldbefun.Severalrestaurantsthereoffercookingclasses,whichstartwithavisittoalocalmarkettobuyfreshingredients(原料).Wearingacook’shat,childrencanhelpwashingandcutting.Pricefora3-hourclassis$13perperson.Hot-airballoonrideAhot-airballoonridewillgiveyougreatviewsofthecity.Theballoongoesupabout200metersifweatherconditionsareOK,lessifitiswindy.Theballoonwillstayatthataltitudeforabout10minutes.Pricesare$20foranadult,halfpriceforchildren.1.Whatcanweknowaboutcookingclasses?A.Visitorsprepareingredientsbythemselves.B.Ittakesafamilyofthree$13totakeone.C.Theyareusuallyofferedbycookingschools.D.Childrenwilltakepartinthewholecookingprocess.2.Howmuchwillittakeacouplewithtwochildrentorideahot-airballoon?A.$20. B.$40. C.$50. D.$60.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyouprobablyreadthetext?A.Education. B.Travel. C.Science. D.Health.BAtpresent,Iwasdiagnosed(診斷)withakindofattentiondisorder.Itmadeschooldifficultforme.Wheneveryoneelseintheclasswasfocusingontasks,Icouldnot.Inmyfirstliteratureclass,Mrs.Smithaskedustoreadastoryandthenwriteonit,allwithin45minutes.Iraisedmyhandrightawayandsaid,“Mrs.Smith,yousee,thedoctorsaidIhaveattentionproblems.Imightnotbeabletodoit.”Sheglanceddownatmethroughherglasses,“Youarenotdifferentfromyourclassmates,youngman.”Itried,butIdidn’tfinishthereadingwhenthebellrang.Ihadtotakeithome.Inthequietnessofmybedroom,thestorysuddenlyallbecamecleartome.Itwasaboutablindperson,LouisBraille.Helivedinatimewhentheblindcouldn’tgetmucheducation.ButLouisdidn’tgiveup.Instead,heinventedareadingsystemofraiseddots(點),whichopenedupawholenewworldofknowledgetotheblind.Wasn’tIthe“blind”inmyclass,beingmadetolearnlikethe“sighted”students?Mythoughtsspilledoutandmypenstartedtodance.Icompletedthetaskwithin40minutes.Indeed,Iwasnotdifferentfromothers;Ijustneededaquieterplace.IfLouiscouldfindhiswayoutofhisproblems,whyshouldIevergiveup?Ididn’texpectanythingwhenIhandedinmypapertoMrs.Smith,soitwasquiteasurprisewhenitcamebacktomethenextday-withan“A”onit.Atthebottomofthepaperwerethesewords:“Seewhatyoucandowhenyoukeeptrying?”Inspiredandtouched,Ibegantokeeptryinghardinmystudyandstruggledagainstattentiondisorder.Ibelieveonecanfindhiswayoutofpredicamentwithdeterminationandefforts.4.Theauthordidn’tfinishthereadinginclassbecause.A.hewasnewtotheclass B.hewastiredofliteratureC.hehadanattentiondisorder D.hewantedtotakethetaskhome5.WhatdoweknowaboutLouisBraillefromthepassage?AHehadgoodsight. B.Hemadeagreatinvention.C.Hegaveupreading. D.Helearnedalotfromschool.6.WhatwasMrs.Smith’sattitudetotheauthorattheendofthestory?A.Angry. B.Impatient. C.Sympathetic. D.Encouraging.7.Theunderlinedword“predicament”inthelastparagraphprobablymeansA.sorrow B.destination C.difficulty D.fortuneC“Haveaniceday!”maybeapleasantgestureorameaninglessexpression.WhenmyfriendMaxiesays“Haveaniceday”withasmile,Iknowshesincerelycaresaboutwhathappenstome.Ifeellovedandsecuresinceanotherpersoncaresaboutmeandwishesmewell.“Haveaniceday.Next!”Thisversionofexpressionisspokenbyasalesgirlatthesupermarketwhoisrushingmeandmygroceriesoutthedoor.Thewordscomeoutinthesametone(腔調(diào))withafixedprocedure.Theyarespokenatme,nottome.Obviously,theconcernformydayandeveryoneelse’sisthemanagement’sattempttoincreasethebusiness.Theexpressionisoneofthosebehaviorsthathelppeoplegetalongwitheachother.Sometimesitindicatestheendofameeting.Assoonasyouhearit,youknowthemeetingisatanend.Sometimestheexpressionservesuswhenwedon’tknowwhattosay.“Oh,youjusthadatoothout?I’mterriblysorry,buthaveaniceday.”Theexpressioncanbepleasant.Ifastrangersays“Haveaniceday”toyou,youmayfinditheart-warmingbecausesomeoneyoudon’tknowhastriedtobenicetoyou.Althoughtheuseoftheexpressionisaninsincere,meaninglesssocialcustomattimes,thereisnothingwrongwiththesentenceexceptthatitisalittleuninteresting.Thesalesgirl,thewaitress,theteacher,andallthecountlessotherswhospeakitwithoutthinkingmaynotreallycareaboutmyday.Butinastrangeandcomfortableway,it’snicetoknowtheycareenoughtopretendtheycarewhentheyreallydon’tcareallthatmuch.Whiletheexpressionmaynotoftenbesincere,itisalwaysspoken.Thepointisthatpeoplesayitallthetimewhentheylike.8.HowdoestheauthorunderstandMaxie’swords?A.Maxieshowsheranxietytotheauthor.B.Maxiereallywishestheauthoragoodday.C.Maxieencouragestheauthortostayhappy.D.Maxiereallyworriesabouttheauthor’ssecurity.9.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?A.Thesalesgirlispolite. B.Thesalesgirlisbored.C.Thesalesgirlcaresaboutme. D.Thesalesgirlsaysthewordsasaroutine.10.Bysaying“Haveaniceday,”astrangermay______.A.trytobepolitetoyou B.expressrespecttoyouC.givehisblessingtoyou D.sharehispleasurewithyou11.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HaveaNiceDay—aSocialCustomB.HaveaNiceDay—aPleasantGestureC.HaveaNiceDay—aHeart-warmingGreetingD.HaveaNiceDay—aPoliteEndingofaConversationDAtinyAlaskavillagehasexperiencedaboomintourisminrecentyearsaspolarbearsspendmoretimeonlandthanonArcticseaice.Morethan2,000peoplevisitedthenorthernAlaskavillageofKaktovikin2018toseepolarbearsinthewild.Thefarnorthcommunityliesinanareawhereincreasinglyhighertemperaturehasspedupthemovementofseaice,theprimaryhabitat(棲息地)ofpolarbears.Asicehasgraduallymovedtodeepwaterbeyondthecontinentalshelf,morebearsareremainingonlandtolookforfood.PolarbearshavealwaysbeenacommonsightonseaicenearKaktovik,butvillagersstartednoticingachangeinthemid-1990s.Morebearsseemedtostayonland,andresearchersbegantakingnoteofmorefemalebearsmakinghomesinthesnowonlandinsteadofontheicetoraisetheirbabies.U.S.FishandWildlifeServicebiologistsbeganhearingreportsoftheincreasingnumberofpolarbearsintheareaintheearly2000s.Asmoreattentionwasgiventotheplight(困境)ofpolarbearsaboutadecadeago,moretouristsstartedheadingtoKaktovik.Thevillagehadfewerthan50visitorsannuallybefore2011,saidJenniferReed,oftheArcticNationalWildlifeRefuge.“Todaywe’retalkingabouthundredsandhundredsofvisitors,manyfromaroundtheworldeachyear,”Reedsaid.Mosttouristsvisitinthefall,whenbearsareforcedtowardlandbecauseseaiceisfarthestawayfromtheshore.BruceInglangasak,alocalhunterwhosometimesofferswildlife-viewingtours,saidhe'sbeenofferingpolarbeartourssince2004.Mostofhisclients(客戶)arefromChinaandEurope,aswellasfromthelower48U.S.states.Manytouristsstayseveraldaysinthevillage,whichhastwosmallhotels.Thevillagershavebenefitedalotfromthat.Inturn,theyprovidemoreeffectiveprotectionforpolarbearswithfinancialsupportfromtourismdevelopment.12.WhatcausesmorepolarbearstostayonlandinKaktovik?A.Foodshortage. B.Climatechange.C.Habitats’movementtoshore. D.Theirpreferenceforland.13.Howdidcommonpeoplefeelaboutmoresightofbearsonland?A.Excited. B.Puzzled. C.Concerned. D.Shocked.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.HotelsinKaktovikareindemandinautumn. B.Kaktovikhasabout50visitorsannually.C.Inglangasakmakesalivingasatourguide. D.Tourismaffectsthebalanceofnature.15.Whichsayingcandescribethetext?A.Thefittestcansurvive. B.Afterastormcomesacalm.C.Oneman’sfaultisanotherman’slesson. D.Everycoinhastwosides.廣東省陽江市高新區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABEIJING—ChinesePresidentXiJinpingannouncedthatChinawilllaunchtheGlobalArtificialIntelligence(AI)GovernanceInitiative,whichpresentsaconstructiveapproachtoaddressinguniversalconcernsoverAIdevelopmentandgovernanceanddrewupblueprintsforrelevantinternationaldiscussionsandrule-making,aforeignministryspokespersonsaidonWednesday.XimadetheannouncementinhiskeynotespeechattheopeningceremonyofthethirdBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation(BRF)inBeijingonWednesday.“ItispartofChina’sactiveefforttoadvancethevisionofacommunitywithasharedfutureformankindandtheGlobalDevelopmentInitiative,theGlobalSecurityInitiativeandtheGlobalCivilizationInitiative,”thespokespersonsaid.AIisanewfrontierofhumandevelopment,anditcomeswithmajoropportunitiesandhard-to-predictrisksandchallengesthatrequireglobalresponse,thespokespersonsaid.ThespokespersonsaidtheInitiativesystematicallyoutlinesChina’sproposalsonAIgovernancefromthreeaspects,namely,thedevelopment,securityandgovernanceofAI.ThecorecomponentsoftheInitiativeare:Weshouldupholdapeople-centeredapproachindevelopingAIandadheretotheprincipleofdevelopingAIforthegoodofhumanity,sothatAIisdevelopedinawaythatisbeneficialtohumanprogress;Weshouldupholdtheprinciplesofmutualrespect,equalityandmutualbenefitinAIdevelopment,andopposedrawingideologicallinesorformingexclusivegroupstoobstructothercountriesfromdevelopingAI;WeshouldpromotetheestablishmentofatestingandassessmentsystembasedonAIrisklevels,soastomakeAItechnologiesmoresecure,reliable,controllableandequitable;WesupporteffortstodevelopAIgovernanceframeworks,normsandstandardsbasedonbroadconsensusandwithfullrespectforpoliciesandpracticesamongcountries,andsupportdiscussionswithintheUnitedNationsframeworktoestablishaninternationalinstitutiontogovernAI;Effortsshouldbemadetoconductinternationalcooperationwithandprovideassistancetodevelopingcountries,tobridgethegapinAIanditsgovernancecapacity.“ChinastandsreadytohaveexchangesandpracticalcooperationwithallsidesonglobalAIgovernanceanddeliverbenefitforallhumanbeingsthroughAItechnology,”thespokespersonadded.1.WhatannouncementwasmadeaccordingtoParagraph1?A.RulesaboutAIcontrolinChina.B.AinitiativeaboutgoverningAIglobally.C.UniversalconcernsaboutAIdevelopment.D.DomesticplansforAIrule-making.2.Wecanlearnfromthespokesmanthat__________.A.AIdevelopmentneedsglobalconcernsB.ChinahasmadeeveryefforttodevelopAIC.TheinitiativewaslaunchedrelatedtofouraspectsD.AIshouldadvancebasedontheneedsofrobots3.What’sChina’sattitudetowardsAIdevelopmentaccordingtothetext?A.Supportiveifit’sforhuman-kind.B.Indifferentifit’sforsomepeople’sbenefit.C.Disapprovedifitisnotforeducation.D.Neutralwhateveritis.BIwascuttinguplettuce(生菜)inthekitchenwhenIsuddenlyrememberedwatchingavideoaboutputtingthelettucestub(殘余部分)inwatertogrowawholenewvegetable.SoItookoutawide-mouthedmug(大杯)andplacedthestubintoit,gaveitalittlewater,andplaceditbythewindow.Onasnowymorning,Inoticedthefirstsign.Afirstsmallleaffromitsheartspreadout.Atinygreenflagofhope.Beaten,butnotdefeated.Withindays,itwasimpossibletoseethecutswhereIhadremovedtheleaves.Thegrowthwasexplosive.AndwhenIliftedtheblossomingheadoutofthemug,tinyrootthreadsfelldown,seekingfortheearth.Whatisgrowinghere?Lettuceorhope?IfIwerealettuceinasimilarcondition,I’dwanttodoubtfullyassesswhereIfoundmyselfbeforebeingdevotedtofullgrowth.Yetforthislettuce,myinadequateofferingofwaterandaplacebyawindowwasenoughforittodecidetoreclaimitselfagain.Itgrewinamugofwater,infaith.Thisistheheartofthislettuce:alive,strongandfearless.Itdeservedaname.IdecidedtocallitMonty.Montywantedtogrow,aswealldo.IthinkIgavehimalittleloveandfreedom.Thosetwoingredientswereallheneededtoreturntohimself.Iseejoyinthislettuce.Thereturntoselfisalwaysanexpressionofjoy,whichislifeitself.Withtherightingredients,thisisthetendencyofalllivingthings.Montystilllivesinamug,butI’mgoingtotransplanthimoutside.Hedeservestobecomehisfullself.TheonlyproblemIseenowismycapacitytosupportMonty.IhopeIhaveenoughofagreenfinger.I’msurprisedtofindmyselfwhereIam.MaybeMontyis,too.Ihavethesamechoiceashedoes:giveinanddecay(腐爛),orstartagain.Theprospectofstartingagainisdiscouraging.Butmylettuce-friend,Monty,leadstheway.Icanonlyhopetobeasbrave.4.Whydidtheauthorputthestubinwater?A.Tohopethatitwouldgrow. B.Todecoratethenicemug.C.Toconductanexperiment. D.Toremovehisbadmood.5.Whatisthefirstsignoflifeintheauthor’seyes?A.Theremainingstub. B.Thesmallleaf.C.Thedisappearingcuts. D.Thetinyrootthreads.6.Howwouldtheauthorfeelifinthelettuce’ssituation?A.Hesitant. B.Fearless. C.Confident. D.Annoyed.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleofthepassage?A.Enjoyyourownlifetothefullest. B.Believeinyourselfwhenintrouble.C.Neverbeafraidtorestartyourself. D.Givefreedomtotheheartinaway.CAntibiotics,whichcandestroyorpreventthegrowthofbacteriaandcureinfections,arevitaltomodernmedicine.Theirabilitytokillbacteriawithoutharmingthepatienthassavedbillionsoflivesandmadesurgicalproceduresmuchsafer.Butafterdecadesofoveruse,theirpowersarefading.Somebacteriahaveevolvedresistance,creatingagrowingarmyofsuperbugs,againstwhichthereislittleeffectivetreatment.Antimicrobial(抗菌的)resistance,expectedtokill10millionpeopleayearby2050upfromaround1millionin2019,hasbeenseenasacrisisbymany.Itwouldbeunwisetorelyonnewantibioticstosolvetheproblem.Therateatwhichresistanceemergesisincreasing.Somenewdrugslastonlytwoyearsbeforebacteriadevelopresistance.Whennewantibioticsdoarrive,doctorsoftenstorethem,usingthemonlyreluctantlyandforshortperiodswhenfacedwiththemostpersistentinfections.Thatlimitssales,makingnewantibioticsanunappealingideaformostdrugfirms.Governmentshavebeentryingtofixtheproblembychannelingcashintoresearchindrugfirms.Thathasproducedonlylimitedimprovements.Butthereisaphenomenonworthalook.Microbiologistshaveknownfordecadesthatdisease-causingbacteriacansufferfromillnessesoftheirown.Theyaresupersensitivetoattacksbyphages,specializedvirusesthatinfectbacteriaandoftenkillthem.Phagesareconsideredapromisingalternativetoantibiotics.Usingonedisease-causingvirustofightbacteriahasseveraladvantages.Likeantibiotics,phagesonlytendtochooseparticulartargets,leavinghumancellsaloneastheyinfectanddestroybacterialones.Unlikeantibiotics,phagescanevolvejustasreadilyasbacteriac