Unit2-高一英語單元速記巧練（人教版2019）

Unit2MoralsandVirtuesUnit2話題道德與美德詞匯majorityplainappointretirereplacememorytearmoralvirtuefaintillustrateprecioushiredecadetendpublishsavingprinciplereplaceaccidentwhisperexportbitememorychaindisguisespillteardespairine短語carrysbthroughsthpassawayagreatdeal(of)beafraidtodosthcarrythroughthbeaffectedbyberesponsiblefortendtodosthshowinterestininmemoryoftripoverintearsindespairwithallone'smightagreatdeal(of)eacrosscrashinto句型what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句inwhich在句中引導(dǎo)定語從句If引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣語法動詞ing形式作賓補和狀語寫作一則評論考點1．carrysbthroughsth幫助某人渡過難關(guān)拓展Carry:carrysbback使回想起，使回憶Carryon繼續(xù)保持，經(jīng)營，進行（生意，談話）Carryonwithsth/doingsth繼續(xù)做某事Carryoff成功地完成困難的事情Carryout實行，執(zhí)行，進行，履行（諾言，義務(wù)）經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Hecarriedthespeech________welldespitefeelingverynervous.②You'llhaveanaccidentifyoucarry________drivinglikethat.③Hisdeterminationcarriedhim________theordeal(難關(guān))．=4\*GB3④plansforthenewtheatre(reject)becausetoomuchmoneywasneeded答案：①off②on③through=4\*GB3④wererejected能力提升單句表達(dá)大海的氣息勾起了她童年的回憶。Thesmellofthesea__________________________________．她需要一個清醒的頭腦來執(zhí)行命令。Sheneededaclearheadto______________________________.答案：carriedherbacktoherchildhoodcarryoutherinstructions考點2．ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices．林巧稚醫(yī)生這一席話使我們得以窺見這位非凡女性的內(nèi)心世界，并了解是什么支撐她度過充滿艱難抉擇的一生。[剖析]名詞短語theheartofthisamazingwoman和賓語從句whatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices是and連接的并列成分，作介詞into的賓語。拓展What引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句即是主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句What在從句中作主語，賓語和表語What有一定的意義，經(jīng)常表示有“什么，所……的”That也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，但它只起連接詞的作用，在從句中不做句子成分。經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①________peopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2，000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3，000years,andtheChinesemorestill.②“Agoodnight'ssleepis________youwant，”hesaidfirmly.答案：①What②what能力提升單句表達(dá)③史蒂夫顯得很迷惑，說他不知道我在說什么。Stevelookedblankandsaidhehadnoidea________________________．答案：③whatIwastalkingabout考點3．majorityn.大部分；大多數(shù)拓展a/themajorityof大多數(shù).majorityn.大部分; inthe/amajority占多數(shù)大多數(shù) themajorityof...作主語時，其后謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于of之后的名詞;themajority作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)均可n.專業(yè)major vi.主修(專業(yè)) majorin主修……;以……為專業(yè) adj.主要的經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Themajorityofpeoplearoundhere________(be)decentpeople.②Hemajored________financeatClaremontMen'sCollegeinCalifornia.③Amongthemembersofthemitteethosewhofavourtheproposalchangesare________themajority.=4\*GB3④Ihavean(appoint)withTomtoday,butIneedtochangeit答案：①are②in③in=4\*GB3④appointment能力提升單句表達(dá)大部分雇員都有大學(xué)文憑。________________________________universitydegrees.答案：Themajorityoftheemployeeshave考點4．plainvi.&vt.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷拓展plainvi.&vt.plain(tosb)about...(向某人)投訴/抱怨……plainof抱怨 plaintn.投訴;抱怨 makeaplaint提出投訴 經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Touristsplain________beingrippedoffbylocalcabdrivers.②I'vemadea________(plain)tothepoliceaboutthenoise.③Peopleplain________howchildrenspendsomuchtimeonputergames.=4\*GB3④Reportershavebegunmakingpredictionsaboutthewinneroftheing(elect).答案：①of②plaint③about=4\*GB3④election能力提升單句表達(dá)他憤懣地訴說他所受到的不公平待遇。____________________hehadbeenunfairlytreated.答案：Heplainedbitterlythat考點5．a(chǎn)ppointvt.任命；委派拓展appointvt.任命;委派 appointsbas/tobe...'任命某人為……appointsbtodosth委派某人做某事 appointmentn.任命;約會 have/makeanappointmentwithsb與某人有約 keep/breakanappointment守/違約 預(yù)約經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Itcanappointaforeignpany________(manufacture)itsproductunderlicence.②ThePrimeMinisterhasappointedacivilian________defenceminister.③I'dliketomakean________(appoint)withDrEvans,please.=4\*GB3④Lacingnecessarysocialexperience,teenagerstend(take)inbycheaters答案：①tomanufacture②as③appointment=4\*GB3④tobetaken能力提升單句表達(dá)她為兒子約定了看醫(yī)生的時間。She________________forhersontoseethedoctor.答案：madeanappointment考點6．retirevi.&vt.退休；退職；退出拓展retirefrom...從:…退休退職;退出retirevi.&vt.退休;retireas...從……位置上退下來退職;退役retirementn.退休;afterretirement退休后退職的:退役的retiredadj.退休的;aretiredpilot一位退休的飛行員經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Hehasnoplanstoretire________editorofthemagazine.②Weallwishyoualongandhappy________(retire)．③________(retire)footballerssometimeschoosetobeemanagers.=4\*GB3④Thoughhisgrandfatherisold,heisstillquite(energy)andtravelsfromplacetoplace答案：①as②retirement③Retired=4\*GB3④energetic能力提升單句表達(dá)他明年從主管職位上退休。Hewill____________hisdirectorshipnextyear.答案：retirefrom考點7.replacevt.接替；取代；更換拓展replace...with/by...用……代替……replacevt.接替;取代;更換;放 replacesbas...取代某人而成為…… replacesthonsp把某物重新放在某處 taketheplaceofsb/sth(=takesb’s/sth'splace)代替某人/某物placen. 位置:職位inplaceofsb/sth(=insb's/sth'splace)代替某人/某物 outofplace位置不當(dāng);不適當(dāng)經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecars________bicycles.②Tourismhasreplacedagriculture________thenation'smainindustry.=4\*GB3④Inmoderntimes,thebikecan’t(replace)bythecarasatraditionalformoftransportation.答案：①with②as=4\*GB3④bereplaced能力提升單句表達(dá)夾在這些事業(yè)有成的人中間，我覺得格格不入。Ifeltpletely________________amongallthesesuccessfulpeople.什么都不能取代真愛與家庭和睦。Nothingcanever________________realloveandfamilytogetherness.答案：outofplacetaketheplaceof考點8．passaway去世拓展pass其他相關(guān)短語passaway去世passout昏迷;失去知覺 passstharound傳閱;挨個傳遞某物 passby經(jīng)過;逝去 passsthdown流傳;使世代相傳 passon...(tosb)把……傳遞(給某人)passoff(順利)進行 經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Heunfortunatelypassed________lastyear.②Thetraditionhasbeenpassed________fromfathertosonforgenerations.③Inearlypassed________whenIsawalltheblood.=4\*GB3④Sometimeshisclassmatestrytomakefunofhim,buthemakesno(respond)答案：①away②down③out=4\*GB3④response能力提升單句表達(dá)當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裨诶吓谒浇O(shè)立了一個博物館，以便記住它的歷史，并傳遞辛勤工作和不辭勞苦的革命精神的故事。Localresidentssetupamuseumneartheoldturretinordertorememberitshistoryand______________________andrestlessrevolutionaryspirit.答案：passonstoriesofthehardwork考點9．memoryn.記憶力；回憶拓展memoryn.記憶力;回憶inmemoryof作為對.…的紀(jì)念;為了紀(jì)念……h(huán)aveagoodmemory記憶力好 memorableadj.難忘的;值得紀(jì)念的memorizevt.記住經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Hestudiedhismap,tryingto________(memory)thewaytoRose'sstreet.②Herspeechwas________(memory)foritspolemic(辯論方法)ratherthanitssubstance(內(nèi)容)．=3\*GB3③Weareplanningtoholdapartyforourgrandparentstocelebratetheirfiftiethanniversaryof(marry)答案：①memorize②memorable=3\*GB3③marriage能力提升單句表達(dá)她記憶力很好，很容易記住事情。She________________andfindsiteasytoretainfacts.他創(chuàng)辦了這一慈善事業(yè)以紀(jì)念他已故的妻子。Hefoundedthecharity________________hislatewife.答案：hasagoodmemoryinmemoryof考點10．tearn.眼淚；淚水拓展Tearn.眼淚;淚水burstintotears(=burstoutcrying)放聲大哭intears流著淚;含著淚 Tearv.撕毀;拆除tearswellupinone'seyes. 某人熱淚盈眶teardown.拆除 tear...apart使……分裂 tear...intopieces把……撕成碎片經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Warandrevolutionhavetornfamilies________．②Shewas________tearsoverthedeathofherpuppy.=3\*GB3③Formanyyears,the(major)ofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingsfarmers答案：①apart②in=3\*GB3③majority能力提升單句表達(dá)很多老舊的高層建筑被拆除，騰出地方來建造新住宅。Alotoftheoldtowerblocks____________________tomakewayfornewhousing.答案：havebeentorndown考點11．a(chǎn)greatdeal(of)大量拓展表達(dá)“大量;許多”后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)agreat/largenumberofagood/greatmanyquiteafewdozensof/hundredsof等后接不可數(shù)名詞agreatdealofmuchalargeamountof既可以接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)也可以接不可數(shù)名詞alotof/lotsofplentyofalargequantityoflargequantitiesof經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①Notunmonly,there________(be)agreatdealofraininAugust.②Asmallnumberofchildren________(be)educatedathome.=3\*GB3③Thepolicereceivedseveral(plain)aboutthenoisefromourparty.答案：①is②are=3\*GB3③plaints能力提升單句表達(dá)我今晚有很多家庭作業(yè)要做。I'vegot____________________homeworktonight.答案：alotof/agreatdealof語法點：動詞ing形式作賓補和狀語一、動詞ing形式作賓語補足語動詞ing形式作賓語補足語時，與賓語之間構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，即賓語是其邏輯上的主語。用法:ing形式作賓語補足語的幾種情況：表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞(短語)(常見的有feel，hear，listento，see,notice,observe,watch，lookat,find，think等)＋sb.＋doingsth.(作賓補)。Eg：Ifeltsomebodystandingbehindme.Eg：Isawthelittleboycryingthere.表示“致，使，讓”意義的使役動詞(常見的有have,keep,get,leave,set,catch等)＋sb./sth.＋doingsth.(作賓補)。注意let、make后不接ing作賓補Eg：Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，with＋名詞/代詞＋doing(作賓補)。Eg：Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.[名師點津]使役動詞接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語表示“讓……一直做某事”；接不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語表示“讓某人做某事”；接過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示“主語請某人做某事，使完成某事或主語遭遇某事”。二、動詞ing形式作狀語動詞ing形式作狀語，其邏輯主語必須與句子主語一致，可表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、結(jié)果、方式或伴隨等。作時間狀語，一般可轉(zhuǎn)換成由when或while等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。Walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.＝When/While(shewas)walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.作原因狀語，一般可轉(zhuǎn)換成由as或because等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。Beingill,hecouldn'tgotoschool.＝Ashewasill,hecouldn'tgotoschool.作條件狀語，一般可轉(zhuǎn)換成if,unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Workinghard,you'llmakegreatprogress.＝Ifyouworkhard,you'llmakegreatprogress.作讓步狀語，一般可轉(zhuǎn)換成though，although等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句Beingtired,theystillwentonworking.＝Althoughtheyweretired,theystillwentonworking.\作結(jié)果狀語Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.作方式狀語Pleaseanswermyquestionusinganotherway.作伴隨狀語,可以轉(zhuǎn)換為一個and并列句Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,readingabook.＝Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroomandwasreadingabook.注意：動詞ing形式作結(jié)果狀語時，通常放在句末，中間用逗號隔開，表示一種順其自然、意料之中的結(jié)果。only后接不定式在句中作結(jié)果狀語，表示意料之外的結(jié)果。eg：Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofinditwasSunday.注意：1．為強調(diào)動詞ing形式表達(dá)的意義，可在其前加上各種連詞。例如，加上when,while，before,after，(al)though等連詞。2．動詞ing形式作結(jié)果狀語，表示隨著謂語動詞的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果，前面有時候可以加thus。而不定式作結(jié)果狀語時常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，有時前面可以加only。三、動詞ing形式作狀語的注意事項(一)動詞ing形式的時態(tài)動詞ing形式作狀語時，一般式(doing)，完成式(havingdone)。(1)動作與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生時，用一般式。(2)動作先于謂語動詞的動作而發(fā)生時，用完成式。①Walkinginthestreet,Imetsomeforeigners.②Havingfinishedtheletter,hewenttopostit.(二)動詞ing形式的語態(tài)動詞ing形式作狀語時，一般式(doing)，完成式(beingdone)。使用主動式還是被動式，這主要取決于動作和句子主語之間的關(guān)系，二者之間是主動關(guān)系則用主動式，是被動關(guān)系則用被動式。Being_talked(talk)to,youshouldlookintotheeyesoftheperson.(三)動詞ing形式的否定式：not＋doing;Notknowingthis,hedidn'te.他不知道這件事，所以沒來。(四)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)①Thetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuringover90metres.②Theweatherbeingfine,wewentoutforawalk跟蹤練習(xí)一用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Though_________（lack）money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity____________________（tell）thatsomeguestswereing,theygottheroomready________________（wait）inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.4.Heranasfastashecould,________（hope）tocatchtheearlybus.5.________（feel）curiousaboutthetallblueeyedforeigners,hestaredatthemformorethantwentyminutes.6.Shereturnedhomeonlytofindthedooropenandsomething________（miss）7.Canyouimagineyourself__________（stay）inalonelyisland？8.I’msorrytokeepyou________（wait）foralongtime.答案：1lacking2Havingbeentold3Havingwaited4hoping5Feeling6missing7staying8waiting二語篇填空Marylookedatthebeautifulripeplums（梅子）.Shewouldmakelovelyjam.Whenshehadfinishedthe1.________（cook）,shefilledallheremptyjamjars,2.________（leave）th（learn）thathermotherwasinhospitalafteracaraccident,Marypickedupherbagandranoutofthehouse.Somedayslater,herhusband,John,camehomefromabusinesstrip.Hehadbeentravelingalldayandfeltlike4._______（have）adrinkandapieceofcake.5._________（enter）thekitchenhesawapanwithadarkredmessinsideitupandsmelledit.Itsmelledbad.6._________（think）Marymusthaveforgottentocleanthispan,hepouredallthejamintothechickenyardandcleanedthepan.Then7.________（feel）fortable,hebegantoeatapieceofcake.WhenMaryreturned,shenoticedthechickens8._________（behave）（see）aplumstone,shewentintothekitchen.Herhusbandwasatthetablereadinganewspaper.AngrilyMaryrusheduptohim10._________（shout）“Youthrewawaymyjam！”Herhusbandsaid,“I’msorry,butIthoughtitwasporridgethathadgonebadinthehotweather.”答案：1cooking2leaving3Havinglearned4having5entering6Thinking7feeling8behaving9seeing10shouting三用方框中的詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子feel want face smilereturn worry hear knock1.________thathiswifehadbeeninjuredinanaccident,MrJohnsonhurriedtothehospital.2.Duringtheoperation,shesatinthewaitingroomforoveranhour________abouthim.3.Isawherwhisperingsomethingintohisear,obviouslynot________tobeheard.4.Hesuddenlywokeupatmidnightwhenheheardsomeone________athisdoor.5._______higherimportexportcosts,thepanyislookingforwaystosurvive.6._________fromtheNorthPole,thetravellerwroteabookabouthisexperienceandhaditpublishedthefollowingyear.7.Thechildlayonhermother'slap,_______sweetly.8._______hurtbytherejection,shebitherlipandquietlywalkedaway.答案：1hearing2worrying3wanting4knocking5Facing6Returning7smiling8Feeling寫作升華【寫作指導(dǎo)如何寫評論】【文體剖析】書評、影評或文章評論是一種議論文體。這類文體主要包含兩個部分:第一部分是先敘述文章(電影,書籍)大概的內(nèi)容;第二部分再寫其優(yōu)缺點和你的感受或啟示。根據(jù)字?jǐn)?shù)還可以適當(dāng)引用其他人的評價,再抒發(fā)自己的見解(同意或不同意+理由)?！締卧~補充】1.passage文章2.ment 評價3.remend 推薦4.highlight 亮點5.theme 主題6.lesson 教訓(xùn)7.principle 道理,原則8.berecognized 被認(rèn)可9.learnfrom 從……中學(xué)到【好句賞析】1.Whatwecanlearnfromitisthatweshouldbekindandwillingtohelpothers.從中我們可以學(xué)到的是我們應(yīng)該有善心,并樂于助人。2.ItisknowntousallthatthisnovelhasagreatinfluenceonthedevelopmentofChineseliterature.眾所周知,這部小說對中國文學(xué)的發(fā)展有著積極的影響。3.ItisrecognizedthatkindnessanddiligencearebothtraditionalvirtuesofChinesepeople.公認(rèn)的是,善良和勤勞是中國人民的傳統(tǒng)美德。4.Ittellsusaprinciplethatweshouldstrengthenpeople’sawarenessofsocialresponsibility.它告訴我們一個道理:我們應(yīng)該增強人們的社會責(zé)任意識。5.Istronglyhopethatyoucanhaveatryanditwon’tdisappointyou.我強烈希望你能試一試(讀一讀),它不會讓你失望。【寫作實踐】假設(shè)你是李華,你打算向你的外國朋友Eric推薦一部最近剛剛看過的中文電影《流浪地球》。要點如下:1.觀影時間和地點;2.電影亮點(科幻電影、保護地球……);3.推薦觀影。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。參考詞匯:科幻電影sciencefictionfilm流浪地球TheWanderingEarth【構(gòu)思】【遣詞】1.___________推薦2.______ 主題3.________ 共同的4.__________ 使……失望5._____________ 被認(rèn)為是……

6.________________對……印象深刻

7._____________ 不遺余力

8._________ 嘗試一下答案

Remend；Theme；mon；Disappoint；beregardedas；beimpressedwith；Sparenoeffort；Haveatry【造句】1.完成句子(1)我上周末在本地劇院看了這部電影。(2)這部電影被認(rèn)為是中國電影史上最好的科幻片。(3)這部電影的主題給我留下了深刻印象。(4)這部電影的主題是關(guān)于保護地球。(5)我們應(yīng)該不遺余力保護它。(6)我強烈希望你看看這部電影,它不會讓你失望。2.句式升級(7)用非限制性定語從句提升(1)、(2)(8)用限制性定語從句提升(3)、(4)答案Isawthefilmatthelocaltheatrelastweekend.ThefilmisregardedasthebestsciencefictionfilminChinesefilmhistory.Iwasdeeplyimpressedwiththefilm’stheme.Thefilm’sthemeisaboutprotectingtheearth.Weshouldsparenoefforttoprotectit.Istronglyhopeyoucanhaveatryandthefilmwillneverdisappointyou!Isawthefilmatthelocaltheatrelastweekend,whichisregardedasthebestsciencefictionfilminChinesefilmhistory.An