適用于新高考新教材備戰(zhàn)2025屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習高考題型組合練Unit1Foodforthought課件外研版必修第二冊

Unit1

FoodforthoughtⅠ.閱讀理解ⅠⅡⅢⅣATheMogaoGrottoeswereacenterofBuddhistlifeandsomeoftheworld’sgreatculturesforhundredsofyears.However,bythelateQingDynastytheyhadbeenabandonedandnearlyforgottenandmanyofthecaveshadbecomedamagedbytheelements.Around1900,withthediscoveryofalibraryofthousandsofancientdocuments,thecavesreceivednewinterestfromChineseandforeignresearchers.Unfortunately,thisresultedintensofthousandsofitemsfromthecavesbeingtakentoforeignmuseums.ⅠⅡⅢⅣInthe1940s,manyresearchersandartistsvisitedtheareatostudytraditionalChineseart.CopiesofsomeoftheartworkpaintedbyrespectedartistssuchasZhangDaqianandGuanShanyuehelpedpeoplealloverthecountrylearnaboutDunhuang.Theseartistswerealsoinspiredbytheartworktheysawinthecavesanditbegantoinfluencetheirpaintingstyles.Othersstavedinthedesertformuchlonger.ChangShuhongstayedfortherestofhislife—strugglingtorecordtheculturaltreasuresandprotectthemfromtheweather.AsaresultoftheireffortstheDunhuangAcademywasformedtoprotectandstudytheMogaoGrottoes.ⅠⅡⅢⅣIn1987,theMogaoGrottoeswerenamedaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Whilethecavesareopentothepublic,accessisnowlimitedinordertoprotecttheartwork.However,thecavescanbeseenonlineindigitalformsothatpeoplearoundtheworldcanstudyandenjoythem.Despiteitsremoteness,theMogaoGrottoescontinuetodrawvisitors.Andjustasthesandanddeserthavesurvivedlargelyunchangedthroughthecenturies,thissmallartgalleryinthedeserthasalsosurvivedlargelyunchangedprovidinganamazinglookataworldlongagopast.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了莫高窟的概況、歷史以及現(xiàn)狀。

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.WhendidtheMogaoGrottoesregaintheworld’sattention?A.Hundredsofyearsago.B.InthelateQingDynasty.C.Inthelateeightiesofthe20thcentury.D.Aroundthebeginningofthe20thcentury.答案

D

解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Around

1900,with

the

discovery

of

a

library

of

thousands

of

ancient

documents,the

caves

received

new

interest

from

Chinese

and

foreign

researchers.”可知,大約在20世紀初,莫高窟重新引起了中外研究人員的興趣。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningtheartistsinthe1940s?A.Tolearnabouttheirworks.B.Toshowhowhardtheyworked.C.Tocomparetheirdifferentstyles.D.Toappreciatetheircontributions.答案

D

解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“In

the

1940s,many

researchers

and

artists...was

formed

to

protect

and

study

the

Mogao

Grottoes.”可知,20世紀40年代,許多研究人員和藝術(shù)家通過他們的努力,讓人們了解了敦煌。由此推知,文章提及20世紀40年代的藝術(shù)家們是為了贊賞他們在傳承莫高窟文化上的貢獻。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.Whenpeoplehavenoaccesstovisitingthecaves,

.

A.theycandoresearchesonlineB.theycanenjoythedigitalversionsC.theycanwatchcopiesinartgalleriesD.theycanstudytheminforeignmuseums答案

B

解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“While

the

caves

are

open

to

the

public,access

is

now

limited

in

order

to

protect

the

artwork.However,the

caves

can

be

seen

online

in

digital

form

so

that

people

around

the

world

can

study

and

enjoy

them.”可知,為了保護藝術(shù)品,現(xiàn)在莫高窟被限制進入,然而,人們可以在網(wǎng)上以數(shù)字模型的形式看到、研究和欣賞它們。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheMogaoGrottoes—CenterofBuddhistLifeB.TheMogaoGrottoes—ArtGalleryintheDesertC.RespectedArtists—ProtectorsoftheMogaoGrottoesD.AnAmazingTouristAttraction—TheMogaoGrottoes答案

B

解析

主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章在第一段講述了莫高窟重新獲得人們關(guān)注的原因;第二段提及20世紀40年代的藝術(shù)家們在傳承莫高窟文化上所做的努力,贊賞了他們的貢獻;第三段講述莫高窟被列為聯(lián)合國世界文化遺產(chǎn);第四段講述了莫高窟的藝術(shù)價值。因此,本文主要介紹了沙漠中的藝術(shù)長廊——莫高窟。故選B項。ⅠⅡⅢⅣBTheRomanColosseum(羅馬圓形大劇場),builtaroundtwothousandyearsago,surviveda14thcenturyearthquakeandmostofthe150-somefoothighbuildingisstillstanding.IthasseentheriseandfallofenormousstructuresaswellastheRomanEmpire.Whycouldtheancientstructurestandthetestoftimewhilemanymodernconstructionsfallapartafterafewdecades?ScientistsbelievetheancientRomansusedaspecificconcretewhichmayaccountforitssuper-longexistence.ⅠⅡⅢⅣPreviousdiscoverieshaveconfirmedthecomponentsoftheRomanconcrete:volcanicmaterial,limestone(石灰石)andwater.Architectssupposethevolcanicmaterialiswhatmakesthebuildingstrong.Butthisisnotenoughtoexplainthearchitecture’sdurability.AteamofresearchersrecentlydiscoveredamagicalpoweroftheRomanconcrete:self-healing.Andthekeyactuallyliesinthetinypiecesoflimestone.Worthmentioningisthatresearchershadtakenthemasimpurities(雜質(zhì))duetothelimitationofancienttechnology.ButitturnedoutthatancientRomansseemedtohavediscoveredthesecret.ⅠⅡⅢⅣWhentheRomansmadethemixture,theyheatedupthelimestonetoturnitintoquicklime,averyreactivechemical.Quicklimereactedwithwaterandproducedheatthatsetupachemicalfoundationtostrengthenthebuildingmaterial.Meanwhile,itwould“wear”ahard“shell”,forminglimestonepieces.Itwasthesepiecesthatstoppedthecracks(裂縫)frombecomingbigger.Whentherewasrain,thepiecesreactedwithwateragain,quicklyfillingthecracks.FormaterialscientistAinissaRamirez,thisnewunderstandingofancientRomanconcreteisawelcomediscovery.“Thisisonewaythatthematerialcanbegreener,”saysRamirez,“TheRomansmadethematerial.Wehadtokindoffigureouthowtheydiditsothatwecanmakebettermaterials—andthen,youknow,inturn,bebetterguardsofourenvironment.”ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了羅馬斗獸場,它建于大約兩千年前,在14世紀的一場地震中幸存下來,大部分150多英尺高的建筑仍然屹立不倒。它見證了巨大建筑和羅馬帝國的興衰。為什么古代建筑能經(jīng)受住時間的考驗,而許多現(xiàn)代建筑在幾十年后就倒塌了?科學(xué)家認為,古羅馬人使用了一種特殊的混凝土,這可能是它長久存在的原因。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.WhycouldRomanColosseumstillexistaccordingtothetext?A.Itwasrebuiltconstantly.B.Itmetfewnaturaldisasters.C.Itcontainedaspecialmaterial.D.Itsshapeincreasedthestability.答案

C

解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Scientists

believe

the

ancient

Romans

used

a

specific

concrete

which

may

account

for

its

super-long

existence.”可知,羅馬斗獸場還能存在的原因是它含有一種特殊的材料。故選C項。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.Whatisthefunctionofthelimestonepieces?A.Topurifytheconcrete.B.Toreactwithvolcanicmaterial.C.Tomakethestructurewater-proof.D.Toenablethebuildingtorepairitself.答案

D

解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“A

team

of

researchers

recently

discovered

a

magical

power

of

the

Roman

concrete:self-healing.And

the

key

actually

lies

in

the

tiny

pieces

of

limestone.”可知,石灰石的功能是使建筑能夠自我修復(fù)。故選D項。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Therainwater.

B.Thefoundation.C.Thequicklime. D.Thelimestone.答案

C

解析

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的“Quicklime

reacted

with

water

and

produced

heat

that

set

up

a

chemical

foundation

to

strengthen

the

building

material.”以及畫線單詞所在句中的“Meanwhile”可知,畫線單詞it指的就是上文提到的生石灰。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.WhatcanbeinferredfromAinissaRamirez’swords?A.Architectscangetinspirationfromancientstructures.B.TheRomans’buildingmethodremainsasecrettillnow.C.Romans’wisdomthrowslightoneco-friendlyarchitecture.D.Scientistsareexploringhowtoguardtheancientcivilization.答案

C

解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“We

had

to

kind

of

figure

out

how

they

did

it

so

that

we

can

make

better

materials—and

then,you

know,in

turn,be

better

guards

of

our

environment.”可知,從Ainissa

Ramirez的話中我們可以推斷出羅馬人的智慧為環(huán)保建筑提供了啟示。Ⅱ.七選五ⅠⅡⅢⅣNew

animalsInnorthernVietnam,inthickforestsintheNorthAnnamiteMountains,thereisawildlifeparkcalledVuQuang.In1986,theareawasmadeanofficialforestreserve.In2002,550squarekilometersoftheareaweredeclaredaNationalPark.

1

.Itisinanareathatishardtogetto,foronething.Andit’sanareathat’sdifficulttowalkthroughbecausetherocksarecoveredwithalgaeandareveryslippery.

2

.Inthelasttwentyyears,severalnewspeciesofanimalsthathaveneverbeenseenanywhereintheworldbeforehavebeendiscoveredthere.Someofthemaresonewthatscientistshaven’tgiventhemofficialnamesyet!

ⅠⅡⅢⅣThenewanimalsdiscoveredattheparkincludetheVuQuangoxorSaola,a“slow”deer,agiantmuntjac(theworld’slargest,infact),ablackdeeranda“holy”goat.

3

,aswellastwospeciesofamphibiansand15speciesofreptiles.

TheSaolawasthefirstnewspeciesoflargemammaltobediscoveredinmorethanfiftyyears,soitcausedalotofexcitementinthescientificworld.Itisastrangegoat-likecreaturethatlooksasifitissomehowrelatedtocattle.Ithashornsthatcanbebetweenoneandtwofeetlong,andthatseemtocomeoutoftheanimal’sheadatslightlydifferentangles.

4

.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣThecreaturehadhiddensafelyforgenerationsintheVuQuangarea.Butonceitwasdiscovered,itwasindanger.

5

.Sadly,theSaolaisnowbeinghuntedandmaywellendupasanotherendangeredspecies.

A.That’swhyitattractshuntersB.VuQuangisnoordinarypark,thoughC.HuntershavenorespectfornewspeciesD.Butthat’snotallthatisunusualaboutVuQuangE.FivenewspeciesoffishhavealsobeenfoundthereF.ThiswasthefirsttimesomanynewspecieshadbeenfoundinthisareaG.That’swhyitiscalled“Saola”,meaning“spinningwheelposts”inVietnameseⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案及解析

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了越南武廣國家公園及其里面新物種的相關(guān)情況。1.B

由下文“It

is

in

an

area

that

is

hard

to

get

to,for

one

thing.And

it’s

an

area

that’s

difficult

to

walk

through

because

the

rocks

are

covered

with

algae

and

are

very

slippery.”和普通公園易到達的常識可知,武廣國家公園難以到達,和普通公園不一樣,B項“然而,武廣不是一個普通的公園”切合語境。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.D

由上文“It

is

in

an

area

that

is

hard

to

get

to,for

one

thing.And

it’s

an

area

that’s

difficult

to

walk

through

because

the

rocks

are

covered

with

algae

and

are

very

slippery.”可知,武廣國家公園難以到達,不同尋常,下文“In

the

last

twenty

years,several

new

species

of

animals

that

have

never

been

seen

anywhere

in

the

world

before

have

been

discovered

there.Some

of

them

are

so

new

that

scientists

haven’t

given

them

official

names

yet!”介紹武廣國家公園里面發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些聞所未聞的新物種,這也是不同尋常之處,由此可知,該空應(yīng)該進一步提及武廣國家公園的不平凡之處。D項“但這并不是武廣國家公園的全部不同尋常之處”切合語境。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.E

由上文“The

new

animals

discovered

at

the

park

include

the

Vu

Quang

ox

or

Saola,a

‘slow’deer,a

giant

muntjac

(the

world’s

largest,in

fact),a

black

deer

and

a

‘holy’goat.”和下文“as

well

as

two

species

of

amphibians

and

15

species

of

reptiles”可知,該空和上下文列舉了武廣國家公園里面發(fā)現(xiàn)的新物種,E項“在那里還發(fā)現(xiàn)了五種新的魚類”切合語境。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.G

由上文“The

Saola

was

the

first

new

species

of

large

mammal

to

be

discovered

in

more

than

fifty

years,so

it

caused

a

lot

of

excitement

in

the

scientific

world.It

is

a

strange

goat-like

creature

that

looks

as

if

it

is

somehow

related

to

cattle.It

has

horns

that

can

be

between

one

and

two

feet

long,and

that

seem

to

come

out

of

the

animal’s

head

at

slightly

different

angles.”可知,此段對Saola的外貌進行描述,故該空應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)介紹Saola的相關(guān)情況,G項“這就是為什么它被稱為‘Saola’,在越南語中的意思是‘紡車樁’”切合語境。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.C

由上文“The

creature

had

hidden

safely

for

generations

in

the

Vu

Quang

area.But

once

it

was

discovered,it

was

in

danger.”和下文“Sadly,the

Saola

is

now

being

hunted

and

may

well

end

up

as

another

endangered

species.”可知,Saola處于危險之中,空格處和下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,正是因為獵人不尊重新物種,Saola才會被獵殺,C項“獵人不尊重新物種”切合語境。Ⅲ.語法填空ⅠⅡⅢⅣHuizhouenjoysatime-honoredhistory.In2000,XidiandthenearbyHongcunvillageweredeclaredWorldHeritagesitesbyUNESCOfortheiroutstandingpreservationofruralarchitecture1.

(date)backtotheMingandQingDynasties.

Huizhouhousesareoftenwoodenstructureswithbrickwalls,whichrequirealotofmaintenance.Moreover,daylightisvaluedinHuizhouhouses,whichisreflectedinthebuildingofopeninteriorcourtyards,2.

(allow)sunshinetoentertherooms.Now,walkingalongthebluestonestreetsthere,visitorscanappreciatethedistinctiveHuizhou-stylehousesfeaturingwhitewalls,darktiles(瓦片)andlayeredhorse-headroofs,3.

feelliketheyareimmersedinatraditionalChineseinkpainting.

dating

allowing

and

ⅠⅡⅢⅣThetourismboomhelpstoprotectandbreathelifeintotheancientvillage.A4.

(symbol)paifang,standingattheentrancetoXidi,5.__________

(build)inthe16thcenturyinmemoryofHuWenguang,6.

MingDynastyofficialborninthevillagewhomadegreat7.

(contribute)tolocaleducationandlivelihoods.Itisthelocalpeople’sdesiretoprotectthelocalhistoricalcharacteristicsthatleadstothebuildings8.________________

(preserve)tothisday.Besidesancientdwellingsandpaifang,therestandsomeancestralhalls9.

clans(宗族,家族)willgathertomakesacrificestotheirancestors.Withtheirownuniqueandmarketablevalue,alltheseoldHuizhoubuildingsaregivingfullplay10.

theirdistinctiveculturalcharm.

symbolic

wasbuiltacontributions

beingpreservedwhere

toⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案及解析

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。由于對明清時期鄉(xiāng)村建筑的出色保存,西遞和附近的宏村被聯(lián)合國教科文組織宣布為世界遺產(chǎn),文章對其具有歷史特色的鄉(xiāng)村建筑進行了介紹。1.dating

考查非謂語動詞。句意:2000年,因為對明清時期鄉(xiāng)村建筑的出色保存,西遞和附近的宏村被聯(lián)合國教科文組織宣布為世界遺產(chǎn)。date

back意為“追溯到”,和邏輯主語architecture構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語。故填dating。2.allowing

考查非謂語動詞。句意:此外,徽州房屋重視日光,這體現(xiàn)在開放的室內(nèi)庭院的建筑上,這可以讓陽光進入房間。動詞allow意為“允許”,和邏輯主語“open

interior

courtyards”構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填allowing。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.and

考查連詞。句意:現(xiàn)在,走在那里的青石街道上,游客可以欣賞到獨特的徽州風格的房子,白墻、黑瓦、分層的馬頭屋頂,感覺自己沉浸在一幅傳統(tǒng)的中國水墨畫中?！癱an

appreciate”和“feel

like”構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系,故填and。4.symbolic

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:16世紀,為紀念明朝官員胡文光,西遞村入口處有一座象征性的牌坊,胡文光出生于西遞村,為當?shù)氐慕逃蜕嬜龀隽司薮筘暙I。此處作定語應(yīng)用形容詞。故填symbolic。5.was

built

考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)“in

the

16th

century”可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。動詞build意為“建立”,和主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。主語paifang為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填was

built。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.a

考查冠詞。official意為“官員”,為可數(shù)名詞,此處“Ming

Dynasty

official”為第一次出現(xiàn),所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞表示泛指。Ming的開頭發(fā)音為輔音,故填a。7.contributions

考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。make

contributions

to意為“對……做出貢獻”,故填contributions。8.being

preserved

考查非謂語動詞。句意:正是當?shù)厝讼ＭＷo當?shù)貧v史特色的愿望,使得這些建筑得以保存至今。lead

to