2023年高考英語(yǔ)全真模擬卷5 （解析版）（江蘇）

備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語(yǔ)全真模擬卷05（江蘇）

第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段

對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

（2022秋?福建?高三莆田一中校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí)）

1.Whenisthenextweatherreport?

A.At8:35.B.At9:25.C.At9:35.

【答案】B

【原文】M:It's8:20.Ihearthestationgives10-minutenewseveryhouronthehour.ButIdon'tknowwhenthey

reporttheweather.

W:15minutesafterthenews.

2.Whatisthemanworriedabout?

A.Howtofacehisfather.

B.HowtostudyEnglishandmath.

C.Howtogetgoodgradesintheexams.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Lookatthis.Mydad'sgoingtokillmewhenheseesthis!

W:Oh,it'snotsobad.YougotgoodgradesinEnglishandmath.

M:Yes,butonlyinEnglishandmath.WhatshouldIdo?

3.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Beforelunch.B.Afterlunch.C.Beforedinner.

【答案】B

［原文］W:Thanksforlunch!Itwasdelicious!

M:IfsOK.

W:Nexttimelunchisonme.

M:Allright.

4.Wheredoesthewomanoftenputthecarkeys?

A.Onthekitchentable.B.Inherhandbag.C.Onthedesk.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Mom,doyouhaveanyideaaboutwherethecarkeysare?I'velookedonthedeskasusualbutI

didn'tfindthemthistime.

W:They'renotinmyhandbaganyway.Yougoandhaveanotherlook.

M:Oh,they'reonthekitchentable.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthehelicopterride?

A.Itisfantastic.B.Itisscary.C.Itisdangerous.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Iwanttotryahelicopterride.Itmustbeprettyexciting.Haveyoueverbeenonone?

W:Yes,Ihave.IwentononelastyearwhenIwasonvacationintheGrandCanyon.IthoughtIwasfrightenedto

death,butofcoursetheviewwasfantastic.

第二節(jié)

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答

時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

（2023春?浙江?高三天臺(tái)中學(xué)校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí)）

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

6.What'sthewoman'sattitudetowardthesituation?

A.Optimistic.B.Confused.C.Pessimistic.

7.What'sthemanworriedabout?

A.Theircarwillrunoutofgas.

B.Theywillbeunabletogetfood.

C.Thestoreswillbeoutofstock.

【答案】6.A7.B

［原文】M:Let'sgoshoppingthisweekend.Weneedtobuymoresuppliesbeforethefirststorm.

W:What'sthebigdeal?Wealreadyhaveacupboardfullofcannedanddryfood.Ithinkthatshouldlastusa

month!Plus,wecangotothesupermarketinthedowntownonceinawhile.Itisn'thardtogothere,nowthatwe

haveourcar.Itcarrieseverythingforus.

M:Iknow,butthiswintermightbeaterribleone.Itseemsthatthepastfewwintershavebeenmild,soeveryone

ispredictingverybadweatherthisyear.Ifwegetasmuchsnowasthey'repredicting,wecouldbestuckathome

forweeksatatime!Evenourcarwon'tbeabletogetthroughseveralfeetofsnow.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

8.Whatdoesthemantellusaboutthefilms?

A.Thefilmsareintroducedfromforeigncountries.

B.Thefilmsaretranslatedintofourlanguages.

C.Thefilmsareshotbyuniversitystudents.

9.WhatisspecialabouttheFilmFestival?

A.Theaudience'svotes.

B.Thelivevideointerviews.

C.Englishwordsonthescreen.

10.Howmuchisaticketfortheman'sschoolmates?

A.$10.B.$15.C.$25.

【答案】8.C9.B10.A

［原文］W:Iheardthatyouwerebusypreparingthisyear'sCampusFilmFestival,right?

M:Yeah,Andrea.Youareinterestedinthat?

W:Idon'treallyknowaboutthat.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutthefestival?

M:Sure.ItwasstartedbyourStudcnts,Unionyearsagoandhasgrowneveryyear.Itisheldover4nightsduring

studybreak.Thefilmsarenormallyshotbystudentsfromdifferentuniversities.

W:Cool!Thenwhopicksthefilms?

M:Ifsuptotheorganizationcommitteetodecide.

W:Isthereanyspecial?

M:Ofcourse.Wetakethevideointerviews.

W:Whafsthat?

M:Wesetupcamerasinthepassageofthetheateranddidliveinterviewsduringbreak.Anyonefromthe

audiencecouldcomeupandtalkaboutthefilm.

W:CanIaskanotherquestion?Allthefilmsarefromuniversitiesinourcountry,aren'tthey?

M:Notexactly.Weoccasionallychoosefilmsfromforeignuniversities.Thewordsonthescreenaretranslated

intoEnglishsothateverybodycanunderstandthecontext.

W:Sohowmuchdoesaticketcost?

M:Itonlycosts$10forthestudentsinourschooland$15forothers.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

11.WhydidMarkrunwithhissonthismorning?

A.Tohelphimbestronger.

B.Tomakehimloverunning.

C.Toaccompanyhimontraining.

12.WhatmadeMarkstoprunningatcollege?

A.Hisinterestincycling.B.Hiskneeinjury.C.Hisaccidentinmarathons.

13.Whatdoesthewomandomostofteninherfreetime?

A.Shegoesswimming.B.Shegoesforarun.C.Sheplaystennis.

【答案】U.C12.B13.C

［原文］W:Mark,Isawyourunningwithyoursonthismorning.Areyoutryingtohelphimbecomestronger?

M:Actuallyhe'spreparingforarunningraceathisschool.Hereallywantstowin,soIdecidedtorunwithhimto

helphimwin.

W:NowIsee.Sodidyourunwhenyouwereyoung?

M:Yes.IactuallyranmarathonswhenIwasincollege.Itrainedalotforthemarathons.Butthentwoweeks

beforemybigrace,Iinjuredmykneesduringtraining.MydoctorsuggestedIstoprunning.Ifollowedhisadvice.

ButIstillwantedtoexercise,so1begantocycle.

W:Soyouhadn'tnineversince?

M:Yes.ButafterIbegantorunagainwithmyson,IfoundIstillloverunning.SoI'llrunmoreinfuture.Sodo

youloverunning?

W:Notreally.ButIusuallyplaytenniswithmyfriendsinmysparetime.AndsometimesIgoswimming.So

whenwillyourson'sracetakeplace?

M:OnMay10th.It'sjustaweek'stimeaway.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

14.Whatdothespeakersconsiderasthemostimportant?

A.Thelocationoftheflat.B.Thesizeoftheflat.C.Therentoftheflat.

15.Whatistheabsolutenecessityinthebedroomforthewoman?

A.Furniture.B.Sunlight.C.Anairconditioner.

16.Howdoesthewomanknowabouttherent?

A.Byreadingthenewspaper.B.Byconsultingthehouseagent.C.Byaskingfriends.

17.Whydoesthewomanwishtofindaflatquickly?

A.Herpresenthouseisdue.

B.Shewantstomoveforachange.

C.Herpresenthouseistooexpensive.

【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.A

【原文】W:Whatkindofhouseshallwerent?

M:Itshouldbeclosetoourofficebuilding.Youknowwecouldn'tadapttogettingupearlyandthecloseritis,

thelaterwecangetup.

W:Yes.Thatisthemostimportantthingtoconsider.

M:Howaboutthesize?

W:Iamnottooworriedaboutthesizeaslongasthereisenoughsunlightinthebedroom.Doyoumindifitisina

noisyarea?

M:Idon'tmind.Iamnotalightsleeper,butaquietareaisbetter,forwecandoourresearchathome.

W:OK,let'spaymoreattentiontothenewspapers.

M:Ifwearelucky,wewillfindaflatinthenextfewdays.Bytheway,howmuchdoyouthinktherentwillbe?

W:Ihaveconsultedthehouseagentabouttheprice.Hesaiditwouldbeabouttwohundredpoundsamonth.

M:Oh,Ithinkthepriceisreasonableandacceptable.

W:Ithinkso.HowIwishwecouldfindanidealflatquickly,becauseourpresenthouseisdue.

聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。

（2023春?湖南長(zhǎng)沙?高三長(zhǎng)沙一中?？茧A段練習(xí)）

18.WhatisMr.Reynoldslike?

A.Easygoing.B.Fun.C.Strict.

19.Whenwillthestudentsstudyreadingcomprehension?

A.Duringthefirstterm.B.Duringthesecondterm.C.Duringthethirdterm.

20.Howmanynovelswillthestudentsreadinthelastthreemonths?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.

【答案】18.C19.B20.A

【原文】Goodmoming,students.I'mMr.Reynolds,yournewEnglishteacher.Ijustwanttoexplainafew

thingsbeforewegetstarted.First,Idon'tallowstudentstoshowuplatetoclass.Ifyouarelateforoverfive

minutes,youwillbeconsideredabsentandreceivezeropoints.Ifyouhavefourabsences,youwillfailtheclass.

Second,therewillbeabsolutelynotalkinginmyclass.Ifyouhaveaquestion,raiseyourhanduntilIcallonyou.

Isthatunderstood?Now,let'stalkaboutourschedule.Inthefirstterm,we'Hbelearningaboutwritingand

grammar.Youwillhaveoneshorttest,onelongexam,andtwoessays.Inthesecondterm,we'llbestudying

readingcomprehension.Overthisthree-monthperiod,youwillhaveonetestpermonth,aswellasapresentation.

Forthelastthreemonths,we'Hstudyliterature.Youmustcompleteoneindividualpresentationonafamouspoet,

readtwonovels,andstudyforyourfinalexam.Wehavealongyearaheadofus,boysandgirls.Keepyourheads

downandstudyhard.Let'shaveagoodSeptember!

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

（2023春?河北石家莊二中高三校聯(lián)考）

Someareattractedtomuseumsbytheartandtheculture-butifthatisn'tenough,thereisalwaysthe

strange!

CancunUnderwaterMuseum

Noneedtoholdyourbreathtoseethisone.TheCancunUnderwaterMuseumis,asthenamesuggests,

underwater.Morethan500sculpturesanchoredintheoceanoffMexicoaremeanttoillustratetheinterplayofart

andnature.Visitorscaneitheradmiretheworksthroughaglass-bottomboatortakeascubadivingtour.

OmakaAviationHeritageCentre

Withgreatattentiontodetail,NewZealandbuilttheOmakaAviationHeritageCentre,whichexhibits

originalaircraftfromtheFirstandSecondWorldWars.SomebelongtofilmdirectorSirPeterJackson,who

helpedcreatethesetdesignswithhisteam.Anyoneinterestedinthepioneersofaviationshouldpayavisittothe

museuminBlenheim.

TenementMuseum

AtNewYork'sTenementMuseum,visitorscangainaninsightintowhatlifewaslikefbrimmigrantsandthe

workingclassinthecityfromthe1860sthroughtothe1980s.Themuseumopenedin1992andoffersguided

toursoftwotenementbuildingswithrecreatedrooms,wherecostumed'residents'enactthedailylivesofthe

city'snewcomersandworkersovertheperiod-leapsandboundsfromthemoneymakersofWallStreet.

CupnoodlesMuseum

TheCupnoodlesMuseuminYokohama,Japan,offersatreat:exhibitscanbenotonlyadmired,buteaten.

Visitorscanworkinthemuseum'snoodleworkshop,refiningcreationswiththeirfavouriteingredients.While

doingso,onecanalsolearnthehistoryoftheramennoodle,oneofJapan'smostpopularfoods.

21.WhatisspecialabouttheCancunUnderwaterMuseum?

A.Thestrangename.B.Thenumberofsculptures.

C.Worksaboutartandnature.D.Waysofvisitingit.

22.Whichmuseumwillattractvisitorsinterestedinhands-onactivities?

A.CancunUnderwaterMuseum.B,OmakaAviationHeritageCentre.

C.TenementMuseum.D.CupnoodlesMuseum.

23.Whatdothefourmuseumshaveincommon?

A.Theyareaboutartandhistory.B.Theydisplayaircraftfromworldwars.

C.Theyhaveunusualfeatures.D.Theyrecordimmigrants9dailylives.

【答案】21.D22.D23.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了四個(gè)博物館的獨(dú)特之處。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)CancunUnderwaterMuseum介紹中的"Visitorscaneitheradmiretheworksthrougha

glass-bottomboatortakeascubadivingtour.（游客既可以乘坐玻璃底船欣賞這些作品，也可以進(jìn)行水肺潛水

之旅）”可知，游客乘坐可以乘坐玻璃底船欣賞，這是與其他的景點(diǎn)的獨(dú)特之處。故選D。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“TheCupnoodlesMuseuminYokohama,Japan,offersatreat:exhibitscanbe

notonlyadmired,buteaten.Visitorscanworkinthemuseum'snoodleworkshop,refiningcreationswiththeir

favouriteingredients日本橫濱的杯面博物館提供了一種享受：展品不僅可以欣賞，還可以吃。游客可以在

博物館的面館T.作，用他們最喜歡的食材提煉面條）“可知，CupnoodlesMuseum可以自己制作面條，有自

己動(dòng)手的活動(dòng)。故選D。

23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Someareattractedtomuseumsbytheartandtheculture—butifthatisn't

enough,thereisalwaysthestrange!（有些人被博物館的藝術(shù)和文化所吸引---但如果這還不夠，還有奇怪的

事情）”以及四個(gè)博物館的介紹可推知，這四個(gè)博物館都有些獨(dú)特的特征。故選C。

（2023春?河北衡水?？迹?/p>

Lastyear,KarenWooldridgeandhisfriendLauraHoganhadanidea:Takeunsoldflowerswhichwillbe

thrownawayandsendthemtooldpeople.44Westartedworkingonourkitchenisland,andwewerereallyproudof

sendingflowers,''Wooldridgesaid.Soon,Hoganadded,“Wedeveloped.^^

Now,theysendathousandunsoldbunchesofflowersamonth,with150volunteersworkingfivedaysa

week.Theirorganization,Bluebirds&.Blooms,isnamedaftertheirchildhoodyouthtroupe（劇團(tuán)）The

Bluebirds.Theirflowersbrighten30communities——mostlyhomesforseniorswhoarelosingtheirmemories.

VellieLarsonhaslostsomeofhermemories,butherdaughterKarenSchwartzwasinthesameBluebirds

troupeasWooldridgeandHogan,andLarsontaughtthemallmusic.t€Whentheysendflowerstoher,“Schwartz

said,"She'lldescribethemtomeandgivemeaflowerreporteveryday.”

“Theflowersarealsoahinlthatsomeonecares,^saidSheryHassan,thecenter'sdirector."They'resad,and

justhavingsuchasimplethingasabunchofflowersbrightenstheirdays,“Hassansaid/Tamilieswillcomein,

andthey'Hsay/Ohwhogotyouflowers?Thisisbeautiful.'Anditsays'Thinkingofyou/Theseniorscanjust

say,'Oh,somebodywasthinkingofme!^^^

ForWooldridge,theactofkindnessbringsbackgreatmemoriesofherfather,whohadAlzheimer's（老年癡

呆）.“Iknowhewouldhavelovedvisitsfromthesewomen,^Wooldridgesaid.Andwhilesomemightfindit

difficulttoworksocloselywiththosefightingwithmemoryloss,Hogansaid,“Itmakesushappy.We'redoing

somethinggood.^^

24.WhatideadidWooldridgeandHoganhavelastyear?

A.Makingprofitsbyrecyclingunsoldflowers.

B.Turningunsoldflowersintogiftsforseniors.

C.Aidingseniorsbysellingflowersforaliving.

D.Recoveringlostmemoriesbysendingflowers.

25.WhatcanwelearnaboutBluebirds&.Blooms?

A.Itsendsflowersonaday-to-daybasis.

B.Itisnamedafterabestchildren'sdrama.

C.Ithasgrownintoanationalorganization.

D.Itmainlyservestheoldwithmemoryloss.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hint''inParagraph4mean?

A.Reminder.B.Commitment.C.Responsibility.D.Routine.

27.Howdotheflowersinfluencethereceivers?

A.Theypromotefamilyharmony.

B.Theymaketheirlifeworthwhile.

C.Theycurethemoftheirdiseases.

D.Theycreateasenseofwell-being.

【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記述文。文章主要講述了兩位善良的人通過(guò)向老年人送花這個(gè)微小的舉動(dòng)傳達(dá)了人間

有大愛(ài)，陰郁的日子終將會(huì)過(guò)去，始終會(huì)有人關(guān)心著你。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句話“Lastyear,KarenWooldridgeandhisfriendLauraHoganhadanidea:

Takeunsoldflowerswhichwillbethrownawayandsendthemtooldpeople4去年，凱倫?伍爾德里奇和他的朋

友勞拉?霍根有了一個(gè)主意：把未售出的花拿走，然后把它們送給老人）”可知，Wooldridge和Hogan決定將

沒(méi)有賣出去的花送給老人作為禮物。故選B。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句話“Theirorganization,Bluebirds&.Blooms,isnamedaftertheir

childhoodyouthtroupe（居I］團(tuán)）TheBluebirds.Theirflowersbrighten30communities——mostlyhomesforseniors

whoarelosingtheirmemories.（他們的組織Bluebirds&.Blooms是以他們兒時(shí)的青年劇團(tuán)"藍(lán)鳥(niǎo)”命名的。他

們的花朵照亮了30個(gè)社區(qū)，其中大部分是失去記憶的老年人的家戶可知，Bluebirds&Blooms主要為失去記

憶的老人送花。故選D。

26.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第二句話“"They'resad,andjusthavingsuchasimplethingasabunchofflowers

brightenstheirdaysJHassansaid.（哈桑說(shuō)：“他們很難過(guò)，只要有一束鮮花這樣簡(jiǎn)單的東西，他們的II子就會(huì)

變得明亮?？芍?，他們很悲傷，僅僅是一束花這樣簡(jiǎn)單的東西就能照亮他們的日子，說(shuō)明鮮花也是一種

提示，表示有人在關(guān)心他們。故劃線的單詞意為“提醒，提示故選A。

27.推理判斷題°根據(jù)第四段第一、二句話“"Theflowersarealsoahintthatsomeonecares,^saidSheryHassan,

thecenter'sdirector/'They'resad,andjusthavingsuchasimplethingasabunchofflowersbrightenstheir

days；'Hassansaid.（中心主任謝麗爾?哈桑說(shuō)：“這些花也暗示著有人在乎哈桑說(shuō)：“他們很難過(guò)，只要

有一束鮮花這樣簡(jiǎn)單的東西，他們的日子就會(huì)變得明亮「'）“可推知，這些花讓老人們明白自己是被人關(guān)愛(ài)

的，它們點(diǎn)亮了老人們陰郁的日子，讓老人有幸福感。故選D。

C

（2022秋?浙江?高三天臺(tái)中學(xué)校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí)）

Itwasin2005thatChrisJonesoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyputthefinishingtouchesonthe

world'sfirstonlinehouseholdcarboncalculator.Hehopedthat,ifhecouldshowpeoplehowmuchgreenhouse

gaswasassociatedwithdailyactivities,theymightchangetheirbehaviourandcontributeinsomesmallmeasure

tosavingtheAmazon.Seventeenyearslater,trackersareprovidingawealthofoften-neglectedinformationabout

thecarbonemissionsofeverydaylife.

Trackersworkbyaskinguserstoanswerquestionssuchas:howmanymilesayeardoyoudrive;howmuch

isyourannualhouseholdelectricitybill;howoftendoyoueatmeat?Theythencalculateapersonalorhousehold

estimateofemissionsofcarbon-dioxideequivalent（等價(jià)物）peryear.Whatdotheytellus?

DrJonesdescribesthemainhouseholdpollutingactivitiesas"cars,coal,cowsandconsumption,roughlyin

thatorder”.Byfarthelargestsinglesourceofemissionsisthefamilyvehicle.Swappingitforanelectricvehicle

wouldsaveover6tonnes,oraneighthoftheaverageAmericanhousehold'syearlyemissions.

Nootherchangewouldelicitthatmuchsaving,thoughelectricityinthehomeisresponsibleforover5

tonnesofcarbonemissionsayear,sogeneratingitwithsolarpanelswouldcomeclose.Likeelectricvehicles,a

rooffullofsolarpanelsisnotcheap.Changingdietscostsless,andAmericanhouseholdsconsumemeatworth2.7

tonnesofCO2eayear,farmorethanmostpeople.IfAmericanswentvegetarian,thatwouldbelikehalfan

averagesolarroof.

Overthenext30years,manycountriesarepromisingtomovetonet-zerocarbon,implyingthathousehold

emissionswillhavetobecuttoclosetonothing.Trackers,itseems,havedaunting（令人怯步的）lessonsfor

publicbodiesandprivatehouseholdsalike.

28.WhydidDrJonesputforwardtheideaofcarbontrackers?

A.Tokeeptrackofhouseholdactivities.

B.Tocalculatethecarbonemissionsofeverydaylife.

C.Toremindpeopletoadoptalow-carbonlifestyle.

D.Tolearnhowgreenhousegaswasrelatedtodailyactivities.

29.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thepurposeoftheinvention.

B.Thetargetedusersoftheinvention.

C.Theimprovementoftheinvention.

D.Theoperatingprinciplesoftheinvention.

30.Theunderlineword“elicit“inPara.4isclosestinmeaningto.

A.generateB.accumulateC.manageD.consume

31.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A.Trackersonlygivealarminglessonstoprivatehouseholds.

B,Thelargestsinglesourceofemissionsistheelectricvehicle.

C.Consumingmorevegetablesthanmeathelpsreducecarbonemissions.

D.Americansvegetariansspendhalfoftheirsavingsbuildinganaveragesolarroof.

【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是?篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了來(lái)自UniversityofCalifornia的ChrisJones完成了全球首個(gè)在線家

庭碳計(jì)算器，并通過(guò)追蹤器提供了大量日常生活中經(jīng)常被忽視的碳排放信息。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hehopedthat,ifhecouldshowpeoplehowmuchgreenhousegaswas

associatedwithdailyactivities,theymightchangetheirbehaviourandcontributeinsomesmallmeasuretosaving

theAmazon（他希望，如果他能向人們展示與日?；顒?dòng)有關(guān)的溫室氣體有多少，他們可能會(huì)改變自己的行為,

并為拯救亞馬遜做出一份小小的貢獻(xiàn)）''可知，Jones制作碳追蹤器是為了提醒人們采用低碳生活方式來(lái)為拯

救亞馬遜做出貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。

29.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句"Trackersworkbyaskinguserstoanswerquestionssuchas:howmany

milesayeardoyoudrive;howmuchisyourannualhouseholdelectricitybill;howoftendoyoueatmeat?（追蹤

器的工作原理是讓用戶回答以下問(wèn)題：你一年開(kāi)車多少英里；你們家庭一年的電費(fèi)是多少？你多久吃肉一

次？戶可知，第二段主要在介紹追蹤器的主要原理。故選D。

30.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)所猜詞后“thoughelectricityinthehomeisresponsibleforover5tonnesofcarbon

emissionsayear,sogeneratingitwithsolarpanelswouldcomeclose（盡管家庭用電每年要排放超過(guò)5噸的碳，

所以用太陽(yáng)能電池板發(fā)電將會(huì)接近）“可知，其他任何變化都不會(huì)帶來(lái)這么多的節(jié)約，所以用太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電會(huì)

產(chǎn)生節(jié)約。由此推知，所猜詞的意思為“產(chǎn)生”。故選A。

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Changingdietscostsless,andAmericanhouseholdsconsumemeatworth

2.7tonnesofCO2eayear,farmorethanmostpeople.IfAmericanswentvegetarian,thatwouldbelikehalfan

averagesolarroof.（改變飲食習(xí)慣的成本更低，美國(guó)家庭每年消耗的肉類相當(dāng)于2.7噸二氧化碳，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)

大多數(shù)人。如果美國(guó)人吃素，那就相當(dāng)于半個(gè)普通的太陽(yáng)能屋頂廠可知，吃素所產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳比吃肉要

少。由此推知，食用蔬菜多于肉類有助于減少碳排放。故選C。

D

（2023?浙江金華?浙江金華第一中學(xué)校聯(lián)考二模）

Womenarestillunderrepresentedintopacademicpositions.Oneofthepossibleexplanationsforthisisthe

increasingimportanceofobtainingresearchfunding.Womenareoftenlesssuccessfulinthisthanmen.

PsychologyresearchersDr.RomyvanderLeeandprofessorNaomiEllemersinvestigatedwhetherthisdifference

alsooccursattheNetherlandsOrganisationforScientificResearch(NWO)andexaminedpotentialexplanations.

TheresearcherswereassignedbyNWOtocarryoutthisstudyaspartofthebroaderevaluationofNWO's

proceduresanditsgenderdiversitypolicy.Theaimwastogainmoreinsightintothecausesofthedifferencesin

awardingratesformaleandfemaleapplicantsforresearchfunding.Theanalysisaddressedanimportant"talent

programme“ofNWO,theVenigrant,"Whoeverreceivesthisgranthasagreaterchanceofobtaininganimportant

appointmentatauniversity,saysNaomiEllemers.

VanderLeeandEllemersinvestigatedalltheapplicationssubmittedbymaleandfemaleresearchersovera

periodofthreeyears:atotalof2823applications.UnderthedirectionofNWOtheseapplicationswereassessed

byscientificcommitteesconsistingofmenandwomen.Theresultsdemonstratethattheawardingratesforfemale

applicants(14.9%)aresystematicallylowerthanthoseformaleapplicants(17.7%).“Ifwecomparethe

proportionofwomenamongtheapplicantswiththeproportionofwomenamongthoseawardedfunding,weseea

lossof4%；'saidEllemers.

Thestudyrevealsthatwomenarelesspositivelyevaluatedfortheirqualitiesasresearcherthanmenare,

"Interestinglytheresearchproposalsofwomenandmenareevaluatedequallypositively.Inotherwords,the

reviewersseenodifferenceinthequalityoftheproposalsthatmenandwomensubmitJsaysRomyvanderLee.

Insearchforapossiblecauseforthedifferencesinawardingratesandevaluations,theresearchersalso

investigatedthelanguageuseintheinstructionsandformsusedtoassessthequalityofapplications.Thisclearly

revealedtheoccurrenceofgenderedlanguage.Thewordsthatareusedtoindicatequalityarefrequentlywords

thatwereestablishedinpreviousresearchasreferringmainlytothemalegenderstereotype(suchaschallenging

andexcellent).RomyvanderLeeexplains:"Asaresult,itappearsthatmenmoreeasilysatisfytheassessment

criteria,becausethesebetterfitthecharacteristicsstereoty-picallyassociatedwithmen.”

Inresponsetotheresultsofthisresearch,NWOwilldevotemoreattentiontothegenderawarenessof

reviewersinitsmethodsandprocedures.Itwillalsobeinvestigatedwhichchangestotheassessmentprocedures

andcriteriacanmoststronglycontributetomoreequalchancesformenandwomentoobtainresearchfunding.

ThiswillincludeanexaminationofthelanguageusedbyNWO.NWOchairJosEngelenssaid,“Theresearchhas

yieldedvaluableresultsandinsights.Basedontherecommendationsmadebytheresearcherswewilltherefore

fbcusinthecomingperiodonthedevelopmentofevidence-basedmeasurestoreducethedifferenceinawarding

rates.^^

32.VanderLeeandEllemerscarriedouttheresearchtofindoutwhether.

A.womenarelesssuccessfulthanmenintopacademicpositions

B.femaleapplicantsareatadisadvantageingettingresearchfunding

C.NOW'sproceduresandgenderdiversitypolicyenhancefairplay

D.thereareequalchancesformenandwomentobeadmittedtoauniversity

33.VanderLeeandEllemers,studyshowsthat.

A.grantreceiversweremorelikelytogetappointmentsatuniversities

B.menapplicantsforresearchfundingoutnumberedwomenapplicants

C.theresearchproposalsofwomenareequallytreatedwiththoseofmen

D.thereviewershavenarrow,prejudicedconceptionsofwomencandidates

34.Whatmightbethemaincauseforthedifferencesinawardingratesandevaluations?

A.Thewordsusedintheinstructionsandforms.

B.Thereviewers?preferencetoapplications.

C.Themethodsandproceduresforevaluation.

D.Thevagueandunclearassessmentcriteria.

35.WhatwillNWOprobablydonextinresponsetotheresultsofthisresearch?

A.Eliminatepossibilitiesfordifferenceinawardingrates.

B.Designalanguageexaminationforallthereviewers.

C.Emphasizetheimportanceofgenderawareness.

D.Improvetheassessmentproceduresandcriteria.

【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：女性比男性更難獲得研究經(jīng)費(fèi)。這可能是學(xué)術(shù)界

中優(yōu)秀女性代表較少的原因。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theaimwastogainmoreinsightintothecausesofthedifferencesinawarding

ratesformaleandfemaleapplicantsforresearchfunding.（其目的是為了更深入地了解男性和女性申請(qǐng)研究經(jīng)

費(fèi)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)率差異的原因。戶可知，該研究的目的是為了了解女性在申請(qǐng)研究經(jīng)費(fèi)方面與男性相比是否處于

劣勢(shì)。故選B。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"Interestinglytheresearchproposalsofwomenandmenareevaluatedequally

positively.Inotherwords,thereviewersseenodifferenceinthequalityoftheproposalsthatmenandwomen

submit.（有趣的是，女性和男性的研究提案得到了同樣積極的評(píng)價(jià)。換句話說(shuō)，審查員認(rèn)為男性和女性提交

的提案在質(zhì)量上沒(méi)有區(qū)別。）“可知，通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性和男性的研究計(jì)劃是被平等處理的。故選C。

34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中"Insearchforapossiblecauseforthedifferencesinawardingratesand

evaluations,theresearchersalsoinvestigatedthelanguageuseintheinstructionsandformsusedtoassessthe

qualityofapplications.Thisclearlyrevealedtheoccurrenceofgenderedlanguage.（為了尋找獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)率和評(píng)估差異

的可能原因，研究人員還調(diào)查了用于評(píng)估申請(qǐng)質(zhì)量的說(shuō)明和表格中的語(yǔ)言使用。這清楚地揭示了性別語(yǔ)言

的出現(xiàn)。戶可知，導(dǎo)致男性和女性研究者獲得經(jīng)費(fèi)研究的可能性不同的原因是：在申請(qǐng)經(jīng)費(fèi)的說(shuō)明和表格

中使用了有性別偏向的詞句，由此導(dǎo)致評(píng)分和評(píng)估差異。故選A。

35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Itwillalsobeinvestigatedwhichchangestotheassessmentproceduresand

criteriacanmoststronglycontributetomoreequalchancesformenandwomentoobtainresearchfunding.

調(diào)查評(píng)估程序和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的哪些變化最能促進(jìn)男女獲得研究經(jīng)費(fèi)的更平等機(jī)會(huì)。戶可知，N