2024年1月上海春季高考模擬英語試卷試題（含答案+聽力）

2024年1月上海市春季高考英語仿真模擬試卷

202誨1月上海春

季高考英語仿真模

I.ListeningComprehension（第1-10題,每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyour

paper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Azookeeper.B.Apostalworker.

C.Ashopassistant.D.Anairportsecurityguard.

2.A.Satisfied.B.Disappointed.C.Afraid.D.Apologetic.

3.A.Theygotthereatdifferenttime.B.Thewomandidn'tgothere.

C.Themanforgotaboutthemeeting.D.Theydidn'tagreeonthemeetingplace.

4.A.Herhusbandcouldn'tfindasuitablejob.

B.Herhusbandquarreledwiththeirson.

C.Shehadanargumentwithherhusband.

D.Shehadtostayhomebecauseshewasfired.

5.A.Exciting.B.Funny.C.Outdated.D.Terrible.

6.A.Atarestaurant.B.Atagrocery.C.Inatheater.D.Onafarm.

7.A.Shedoesn'tworkhardenough.B.Sheneverfallsasleepinclass.

C.ShehasaJapaneseculturalbackground.D.Herparentsurgehertohavemoresleep.

8.A.Takeacourseonsailing.B.Watchsomesailingshows.

C.Buythingsneededforsailing.D.Learnsailingfromanapp.

9.A.Thebirdsarenotbeautifulenough.

B.Thewomanpreferstoteachacattotalk.

C.Thebirdsactuallycannotimitatehumanvoice.

D.Thewomanwon'thavethebirdsatsuchaprice.

10.A.Hedidn'tseethesign.B.Hegotthreeparkingticketsthismonth.

C.Herefusedtopayafine.D.Heparkedhiscarthereafterworkinghours.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeasked

severalquestionsoneachoftheshortpassagesandthelongerconversation.Theshortpassagesandthelonger

conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthe

fourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Hisregularwatertherapy.B.Hisdisabilitytoswimlikeothers.

C.Lackofpropertraining.D.Aterribleexperienceinapool.

12.A.HewantedtotrainanOlympicchampion.

B.HehopedkidslikeZulficcouldlearnswimming.

C.Hewantedtoimprovephysicaleducationforkids.

D.Theexistingswimmingequipmentwasn'tstandard.

13.A.Hewillsooncompeteinaworldgame.

B.Hecouldswimtwiceasfastasaverageswimmers.

C.HecouldswimthelengthofOlympic-sizedpoolswithhelp.

D.Hewonalocalswimmingcompetitionfordisabledpeople.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Acellphone.B.Aleatherwallet.C.Aminicamera.D.Analarmclock.

15.A.ItwilltrackthethiefwithGPSsystem.

B.Itwillcontactbankstostopwithdrawing.

C.Analarmwillbesenttothepolicestation.

D.Apictureoftheopenerwillbetaken.

16.A.Itisamultifunctionalwallet.B.Ifsold-fashionedinthisage.

C.Itisuniqueinsizeandfunction.D.Itcantextmessagesautomatically.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

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17.A.30%.B.24%.C.96%.D.50%.

18.A.Henearlybecameblind.B.Hisvisionbecameevenworse.

C.Hecouldn'tseeverywellatnight.D.Hiseyesweredryforseveralmonths.

19.A.Nervous.B.Regretful.C.Painful.D.Relaxed.

20.A.Lasersurgeryissafedespiteitssideeffects.

B.Twoweeks9homerestisrequiredafterthesurgery.

C.Thecostofthesurgeryistoohighforordinarypeople.

D.Peoplewithpoorvisionareallgoodcandidatesforthesurgery.

ILGrammarandVocabulary(每題1分；共20分)

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;forthe

otherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

9:00A.M.,Saturday,November14

ThemomentFatimaBennetthaddreamedofwasfinallyhere.Therefore,shecouldn'tbe21

(happy).

The4CChallenge(alsoknownastheClarkCountyCodingCompetition)wastheeventoftheyear22

targetparticipantswereSTEM-mindedeighthgraderslikeFatimaandhertwobestfriends,JuliaSheenand

FelipeAlvarez.

Theirclassmateswerebusypostingpicturesonsocialmediaoftheirglorioussummervacationswhilethe

threebestfriends,whocalled23TeamJavaTime,hadspentcountlesshoursstoryboarding,coding,and

adjustingtheirprogram.Theirapp,RomeoandJulietRemixed,turnedthefamousplayintoamultiplayer

adventurethatretoldthestory,24(integrate)Shakespeare^languagewiththerhymesofsongs.

ThecompletedappwasduebySeptember1,andtheteenshadworkedhardtogetitdone.25atany

pointtheylostmomentum(動力)，theywerepushedbyweeklytextsfromNeilGreen,whohadtakenoverthe

competitioncoordination(協'調)thisyear.

Onthedaywhentheirapp26(submit)tothecompetition'ssubmissionwebsite,Fatimasaid,"A

prizewouldbegreat,butweallknowtheverybestreward.^^Theteensshouted,t4K-J-H-S!^^

Fatima,Julia,andFelipewereexcitedtoshowofftheirdigitalskillsinfrontoftheotherteamsofeighth

3

graders,buttheyweremostinterestedinthereward27(give)tothetopthreeteams:guaranteed

admissiontoKatherineJohnsonHighSchool,thecounty'sSTEMmagnetschool.Felipe,Fatima,andJulia,

friendssincekindergarten,28barelycontaintheirexcitement.TheirdreamofgoingtoKJHStogether

was29theirreach!

Thatwas30Fatimadidn'tmindgettingoutofbedat8A.M.onthiscoldNovemberSaturdayto

spendthedayatClarksvilleUniversity,thesiteoftheannualcompetition.

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.steadilyB.predictsC.biologyD.temporaryE.dramaticF.recovers

G.permanentH.groundedI.expansionJ.formedK.kindly

TeensAreStillDevelopingEmpathySkills

Theteenyearsareoftenfullofdoor-slamming,eye-rollingandseeminginsensitivity,evenbykidswho

behaved31before.Someparentsworrythattheyaredoingsomethingwrongorthattheirchildren

willneverthinkofanyonebutthemselves.Asix-yearstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyshowsthat

32ispartlytoblame.

Inadolescence,criticalsocialskillsthatareneededforonetofeelconcernforotherpeopleandto

understandhowtheythinkareundergoingmajorchanges.Adolescencehaslongbeenknownasprimetimefor

developingcognitiveskillsforsei仔regulationandexecutivefunction.

("Cognitiveempathy,9,orthementalabilitytotakeothers9perspective,beginstorise33ingirls

attheageof13,accordingtothestudyco-authoredbyJolienvanderGraaffatUtrechtUniversityinthe

Netherlands.Bycomparison,boysdonotbeginuntiltheageof15toshowincreasesinperspective-taking,

whichhelpsinproblem-solvingandavoidingconflict.

Adolescentboysactuallyshowa34decline,betweentheagesof13and16,inarelated

skill一"affectiveempathy/9ortheabilitytorecognizeandrespondtoothers,feelings.Thismaybetheresult,at

leastinpart,ofa35riseintheprimarymalesexhormone,duringadolescence,whichsparksa

desirefordominanceandpower.Fortunately,theboys'sensitivity36intheirlateteens.Girls9

affectiveempathyremainsrelativelyhighandstablethroughoutadolescence.

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Thisdoesn'tmean,however,thatwecandonothingbutjustwaitforteenagerstodevelopafeelingof

empathy.Infact,parentscanhelpinstill{灌輸）affectiveempathyintotheirchildren.Affectiveempathyis

37inmarginalregionofthebrain,whichregulatesemotions.Thiscapacitybeginstodevelopininfancy.

Childrenlearntopracticeempathybywatchingtheirparentsandbyexperiencingitthemselves-beingwell

treatedbyadultswhosensitivelyrespondtotheiremotions.Whilecognitiveempathyarisesfromadifferent

partofthebrain,thetwoabilitiesarelinked.Children'saffectiveempathy38theirlevelofcognitive

empathyasteens.

Thefindingsreflectamajor39inresearchers9understandingofcognitivegrowthduring

adolescence.Theyusedtobelievethatbothformsofempathywerefully40inchildhood.Now,it

isclearthat“thebrainregionsthatsupportsocialcognition,whichhelpsussuccessfullyunderstandandinteract

withothers,continuetochangedramatically^^inourteens,saysJenniferPfeiferattheUniversityofOregon.

Researchinherlabalsosuggeststhatcognitiveempathyrisesinteens.Thediscoveriesserveasanewlensfor

exploringsuchteenbehaviorasbullyinganddrugabuse.

III.ReadingComprehension（共45分。41-45每題1分；56-70每題2分）

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.Cand

D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext

Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm'sattentionisthedesignofbuildings.Today,

thousandsofpeoplecometo41buildingconferences,andtheideathatbuildingscanbegoodfor

peopleandtheenvironmentwillbeincreasingly42inyearstocome.Backin1984wediscovered

thatmostmanufacturedproductsfordecorationweren'tdesignedfor43use.The“energy-efficient”

sealedcommercialbuildingsconstructedafterthe1970senergycrisis44indoorairqualityproblems

causedbymaterialssuchaspaint,wallcoveringandcarpet.Sofor20years,we'vebeenlookingforwaysto

makethesematerials45forpeopleandtheplanet.

Homebuilderscannowusematerials,suchasgreenpaints,thatreleasesignificantly

46amountsofchemicalcompounds,whichpeoplebelievedon't47thequalityofthe

air.48,ourbasicdesignstrategyisfocusednotsimplyonbeing“l(fā)essbad“butoncreating49

healthfulmaterialsthatcanbeeithersafelyreturnedtothesoilor50byindustryagainandagain.

Forexample,theworld'slargestcarpetmanufacturerhasalready51acarpetthatisfullyandsafely

5

recyclable.

Lookatitthisway:noone52tocreateabuildingthatdestroytheplanet.Butourcurrent

industrialsystemsarebasicallycausingtheseconditions,whetherwelikeitornot.So53simply

tryingtoreducethedamage,weare54apositiveapproach.We'regivingpeoplehigh-quality,

healthfulproductsandanopportunitytomakechoicesthathavea55effectontheworld.Itisnot

justthebuildingindustry,either.Entirecitiesaretakingtheseenvironmentallypositiveapproachestodesign,

planningandbuilding.

41.A.commercialB.greenC.traditionalD.simple

42.A.efficientB.changeableC.influentialD.effective

43.A.relevantB.indoorC.flexibleD.forward

44.A.revealedB?displayedC.exhibitedD.discovered

45.A.carefulB.comfortableC.stableD.safe

46.A.reducedB.revisedC?delayedD.defined

47.A.destroyB.denyC.dissolveD.depress

48.A.AnywayB.BesidesC.AnyhowD.However

49.A.exactlyB.completelyC.partiallyD.superficially

50.A.restoredB.regainC.reusedD.retain

51.A.developedB.stretchedC.researchedD.constructed

52.A.setsoffB.setsaboutC.setsoutD.setsup

53.A.insteadofB.becauseofC.apartfromD.regardlessof

54.A.adjustingB.adoptingC.adaptingD.admitting

55.A.functionalB.sensibleC.beneficialD.precious

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbest

accordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

6

DebraDolanwas21andonherfirsttripalonewhenshefirstsentapostcardtoherself.Itwas1979,and

Dolan,whogrewupincentralCanada,wasvisitingVancouverforthefirsttime.Shewasimmediatelyblown

awaybythecity'sbeauty.

Althoughshewasusuallyanenthusiasticdiarist,Dolanwassweptupintheexcitementofthetrip,and

foundshebarelyhadafreemoment."Ithought,4Idon'thavetimetowriteinmyjournal.9AndIdidn'ttravel

withacamera,Dolansaid."SowhenIwenttoVancouverIsland,orsawplacesinVancouver,Idetermined,

Tiljustsendapostcardtomyself/9,

Onthebackofeachcard,Dolanwroteaparagraphortwoaboutherimpressions,thoughtsandfeelings,

andthenmailedittoherhomeaddress.Some10dayslater,Dolanreturnedhometoapileofpostcardsfrom

herself.Receivingthem,saidDolan,was“anabsolutejoy.^^

“AfterFdcometoVancouver,Irealized,'Well,it'seasytotravel.Andifseasytotravelalone.Idon't

havetobenervousaboutthis,“'saidDolan.Soshedecidedexploringtheworldwasherfirstpriority.From

there,DolantraveledontoAustralia.Thenshestayedontheroadformonths,travelingaroundtheglobeand

writingpostcardstoherself.

Overaboutfortyyears,64-year-oldDolanhassenthundredsofpostcardstoherselffromtripsacrossthe

world.Amazingly,they'veallarrived.4tTheyreallytellmeabout-notonlywhereFvebeen,butwhoIwas

thatday,“saidDolan,whosaidlookingoverthepostcardcollectioninspiredhertoreflecton"theexperiences

I'vebeenabletohave.^^

ForDolan,thepostcardstoherselfcapture（捕捉）amomentandhelpenjoyit."Thosespecialmomentsin

yourlifeareuniquelyyours.Wemayallseethesamethingonourtravels.Butourexperienceofthatdayisall

different,saidDolan.

56.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"blownaway“inparagraph1probablymean?

A.Surrounded.B.Attracted.C.Connected.D.Attached.

57.WhatdidDolandecidetodowhenseeingVancouver'sbeauty?

A.Keepadiary.B.Giveupwriting.C.Takesomephotos.D.Sendherselfapostcard.

58.HowdidthetriptoVancouveraffectDolan?

A.Itawakenedherlovefortravel.B.Itmadeheranenthusiasticdiarist.

C.Shewasafraidoftravelingalone.D.Shenevertookacameraalong.

59.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph5?

A.SomepostcardsfailedtoreachDolan.B.Dolanstoppedtravelingduetoheroldage.

7

C.ThepostcardsbringDolanmanymemories.D.Dolansentotherspostcardsacrosstheworld.

(B)

NashvilleTN

WelcometoyourMusicCityvacationplanningcenter,whereyoucanmakereservationsforlodging,

activities,diningandmore!Youcanmeettoday'shotteststarsandcountrymusiclegendsattheGrandOle

Opry,cruisetheCumberlandaboardtheGeneralJacksonShowboatDinnerCruiseortourthesights!

ClassicMusicCityAttractions

WhenonethinksofMusicCity,thereareseveralattractionsthatimmediatelycometomind,namelythe

GrandOleOpry,TheGeneralJacksonShowboatDinnerCruise,andtheRymanAuditorium.

SomeofthemostamazingstarshavetakenthestageattheGrandOleOpry.Anotherhistoricvenuein

MusicCityistheRymanAuditorium.Aswellasattendingconcertsandshows,visitorstotheRymancantake

leisurelytourstolearnallaboutthehistoryoftheperformingcenter.

ArchitecturalWonders

AsoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheUnitedStates,itisnowonderthatthiscityishometosomeof

themostimpressivepiecesofarchitecture.Fromlandmarkstouniversitiesandeverythinginbetween,those

whohaveapassionfbrhistoryaresuretohaveanamazingtimeexploringtheseplaces.

MusicCityArt&Museums

Forthosewholoveart,theFristCenterisamust-haveactivity.Thisartmuseumfeaturesapproximately

24,000sqftfilledwithavarietyofexhibitionsanddisplaysthataresuretoimpress.Thisnon-profitcenteris

opensevendaysaweekandfeaturesrotatingexhibitssothere9ssomethingnewwitheachvisit.

Shopping,Dining&More

Downtownisamongthemostpopularareasofthecityasitholdssomeofthegreatestattractionsand

more.

East,theever-growingregionisabustling(熙攘的)placetovisitwhileinMusicCity!Fromaneclectic

atmospheretohistoriclandmarksandmore.Fromlocaldeliciouseatstobreweriesandshoppingopportunities,

thisneighborhoodiswellworthavisit!

8

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60.InNashvilleTN,visitorscan_.

A.haveachancetoperformonthestage.

B.exploresomeimpressivehistoricbuildings.

C.meetsomehotstarsandpickupfictionstories.

D.goshoppinginDowntown,themostpopulararea.

61.WhatisspecialabouttheFristCenter?

A.Liveconcertscanbeenjoyed.

B.ItisthelargestmuseuminNashvilleTN.

C.Thecenterisaccessibleeverydayexceptonholidays.

D.Visitorscangetdifferentvisitingexperienceseverytime.

62.Whafsthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.TointroducethecityofNashvilleTN.

B.Tohelppeopletotailorvacationplans.

C.Toarousevisitors9interestinmusicandart.

D.ToremindvisitorsofprotectingNashvilleTN.

（C）

Teacherburnout（倦?。゛ndstudentstressmaybelinked,accordingtoaUniversityofBritishColumbia

study.Thestudyisthefirstofitskindtoexaminetheconnectionbetweenteacherburnoutandstudents?cortisol

levels（皮質醇水平）whichareabiologicalindicatorofstress.

Researcherscollectedsalivasamplesfromover400elementaryschoolchildrenandtestedtheircortisol

levels.Theyfoundthatinclassroomsinwhichteachersexperiencedmoreburnout,orfeelingsofemotional

exhaustion,students5cortisollevelswereelevated.Highercortisollevelsinelementaryschoolchildrenhave

beenlinkedtolearningdifficultiesaswellasmentalhealthproblems.

9

“Thissuggeststhatstressspreadingmightbetakingplaceintheclassroomamongstudentsandtheir

teachers,9,saidEvaOberle,thestudy'sleadauthor.Indeed,therelationshipbetweenstudentstressandteacher

burnoutisachickenandeggquestion.Itisunknownwhatcamefirst-elevatedcortisolorteacherburnout.We

considertheconnectionbetweenstudentandteacherstressacyclicalproblemintheclassroom.

Oberlesaidastressfulclassroomclimatecouldbearesultofinadequatesupportforteachers,whichmay

impactteachers9abilitytoeffectivelymanagetheirstudents.Apoorlymanagedclassroomcancontributeto

students9needsnotbeingmetandincreasingstress.Thiscouldbereflectedinelevatedcortisollevelsin

students.

Alternatively,stresscouldoriginatefromstudents,whomaybemorechallengingtoteachbecauseof

increasesinanxiety,behavioralproblems,orspecialneeds.Inthissituation,teacherscouldfeeloverwhelmed

andreporthigherlevelsofburnout.

“Ourstudyisareminderofthesystemicissuesfacingteachersandeducatorsasclassroomsizesincrease

andsupportsforteachersarecut,“saidOberle.

“Itisclearfromanumberofrecentresearchstudiesthatteachingisoneofthemoststressfulprofessions,

andthatteachersneedadequateresourcesandsupportintheirjobsinordertobattleburnoutandrelievestress

intheclassroom,saidUBCeducationprofessorKimberlySchonert-Reichl,thestudy'sco-authoranddirector

ofHELP.4tIfwedonotsupportteachers,weriskthecollateraldamage（附帶損傷）ofstudents.^^

63.Paragraph4andparagraph5areintendedtomakeitclearthat.

A.teacherburnoutisthecauseoftheelevatedcortisollevelsinstudents

B.theconnectionbetweenstudentsandteacherstressisacyclicalproblem

C.studentswithhigherstresslevelaremorelikelytohavelearningdifficulties

D.students5behavioralproblemscontributetoteacher'shigherlevelofburnout

64.Accordingtothewriter,manyBritishteachersfacetheproblemthat.

A.teachersarenotwelltrainedtodealwithstudents?problems

B.teachers9incomeincreasesbutteachingresourcesarecut

C.therearemorestudentsineachclassandlesssupportforteachers

D.thereisawideninggapbetweenstudents5needandteachers9ability

65.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowtoRelieveStressintheClass

B.Teacherburnout,avoidableornot?

10

C.TheMostStressfulProfessionintheWorld

D.StudentsStressandTeacherBurnout:Achickenandeggquestion.

SectionC

Directions:CompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesintheboxEachsentencecanonlybeused

once.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.

A.Thereisnodoubtthatmytheorywasagreatbreakthroughthen.

B.Instead,itcamefromintuitionandinspiration

C.ForEinstein,itwasthehumanitiesthatmainlycontributedtohisachieve-ments.

D.Einsteinalsoowedhisscientificinsightandintuitionmainlytomusic.

E.Mynewdiscoveryistheresultofmusicalperception.

F.Einsteinhimselfworkedintuitivelyandexpressedhimselflogically.

Einstein'sOpinionsonCreativeThinking

“Thegreatestscientistsareartistsaswell,^^saidAlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestphysicistsandan

amateurpianistandviolinist.

ForEinstein,insightdidnotcomefromlogicormathematics.66Ashetoldonefriend,“When

Iexaminemyselfandmymethodsofthought.Ifindthatthegiftofimaginationhasmeantmoretomethanany

talentforabsorbingabsoluteknowledge.Allgreatachievementsofsciencemuststartfromintuitiveknowledge.

Imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge.9,

ButhowdidartdifferfromscienceforEinstein?Surprisingly,itwasn*tthecontentofanidea,orits

subject,thatdeterminedwhethersomethingwasartorscience,buthowtheideawasexpressed.Ifwhatisseen

andexperiencedisdescribedinthelanguageoflogic,thenitisscience.Ifitiscommunicatedandrecognized

intuitively,thenitisart.67Thafswhyhesaidthatgreatscientistswerealsoartists.Einsteinfirst

describedhisintuitivethoughtprocessesataphysicsconferenceinKyotoin1922whenheindicatedthathe

usedimagesandfeelingstosolvehisproblemsandfoundwords,logicalsymbolsormathematicalequations

later.

68"IfIwerenotaphysicist,“heoncesaid,“Iwouldprobablybeamusician.Ioftenthinkin

musicandIseemylifeintermsofmusic.Igetmostjoyinlifeoutofmusic.WheneverIfeelthatIhavecome

totheendoftheroadorintoadifficultsituationinmywork.Iwouldburymyselfinmusic,andthatwould

usuallysolveallmydifficulties.^^

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MusicprovidedEinsteinwithaconnectionbetweentimeandspacewhichbothcombinespatialand

structuralaspects.t4Thetheoryofrelativityoccurredtomemyintuitionandmusicisthedrivingforcebehind

thisintuition”,saidEinstein.a4MyparentshadmestudytheviolinfromthetimeIwassix.69

IV.SummaryWriting（共10分）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinno

morethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Mostofus-eventhoseatthetop-strugglewithpublic-speakinganxiety.WhenIaskmyclientswhat

makesthemnervous,invariablytheyrespondwiththesameanswers:"Idon'tlikebeingwatched","Idon'tlike

theeyesonme"or"Idon9tlikebeinginthespotlight”.

Tounderstandwhy,weneedtogowaybacktoprehistorictimes,whenhumansregardedeyeswatchingus

asanexistentialthreat.Thoseeyeswerelikelypredators（肉食動物）andpeoplewereterrifiedofbeingeaten

alive.Thebadnewsisthatourbrainshavetransferredtheancientfearofbeingwatchedintopublicspeaking.

Inotherwords,public-speakinganxietyisinourDNA.

Fortunately,thereisasolution:humangenerosity.Thekeytodisarmingourpanicbuttonistoturnthe

focusawayfromourselvesandtowardhelpingtheaudience.Studieshaveshownthatanincreaseingenerosity

indeedleadstoadecreaseinamygdala（扁桃腺）activity,whichisre