在線網(wǎng)課知慧《化工原理（1）（全英文）(山東科大)》單元測(cè)試考核答案

緒論第一章單元測(cè)試第二章單元測(cè)試第三章單元測(cè)試第四章單元測(cè)試第五章單元測(cè)試第六章單元測(cè)試緒論1【單選題】(2分)Theunitoperationofseparationofgasmixturebasedonthedifferenceofcomponents’solubilityis.利用氣體各組分在液體中的溶解度的不同而實(shí)現(xiàn)氣體分離的單元操作是。（）A.Adsorption吸附B.Absorption吸收C.Distillation精餾D.Extraction萃取2【單選題】(2分)Pleasejudgewhichfollowingunitoperationbelongstomasstransfer?請(qǐng)判斷哪個(gè)單元操作屬于質(zhì)量傳遞?()A.Settling沉降B.Distillation精餾C.Filtration過(guò)濾D.Heating加熱3【單選題】(2分)Whichunitoperationbelongstoheattransfer?哪個(gè)單元操作屬于熱量傳遞?()A.Transportationoffluids流體輸送B.Cooling冷卻C.Settling沉降D.Stirring攪拌4【單選題】(2分)Asweallknow,"threetransfers"isaveryimportantconcept,whichincludesmomentum,heat,andmasstransfer,nowjudgewhichfollowingunitoperationbelongstomomentumtransfer?總所周知，三傳是非常重要的概念，它包括動(dòng)量、熱量和質(zhì)量傳遞，請(qǐng)判斷哪個(gè)單元操作屬于動(dòng)量傳遞?()A.Cooling冷卻B.Absorption吸收C.Distillation精餾D.Transportationoffluids流體輸送5【單選題】(2分)Someunitoperationsjustinclude1transfer,howeverothersmaybeinclude2or3transfersatthesametime,pleaseindicatetheunitoperationbelowthatexistsmassandheattransfersmeanwhile?一些單元操作只存在一種傳遞，有些則同時(shí)存在2到3種單元操作，請(qǐng)指出下面哪個(gè)單元操作既屬于質(zhì)量傳遞同時(shí)也屬于熱量傳遞？()A.Heating加熱B.Cooling冷卻C.Distillation精餾D.Transportationoffluids流體輸送第一章單元測(cè)試1【判斷題】Gasisacompressiblefluid.氣體是一種可壓縮性的流體。()A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)2【單選題】(2分)Whentheabsolutepressureofthemeasuredfluidisgreaterthantheexternalatmosphericpressure,thepressuregaugesusedarecalled.當(dāng)被測(cè)流體的絕對(duì)壓強(qiáng)大于外界大氣壓強(qiáng)時(shí)，所用的測(cè)壓儀表稱(chēng)為。（）A.Speedometer速度表B.LiquidLevelMeter液位計(jì)C.Vacuumgauge真空表D.Manometer壓強(qiáng)表3【單選題】(2分)Thereadingofthevacuumgaugeindicatesthequantitythattheabsolutepressureofthemeasuredfluidislowerthantheatmosphericpressure,whichiscalled.真空表上的讀數(shù)表示被測(cè)流體的絕對(duì)壓強(qiáng)低于絕對(duì)壓強(qiáng)的讀數(shù)，稱(chēng)為.（）。A.Vacuumdegree真空度B.Gaugepressure表壓強(qiáng)C.Relativepressure相對(duì)壓強(qiáng)4【單選題】(2分)18660Paequalsto_________mmHg?18660Pa等于多少mmHg?()A.500mmHgB.140mmHgC.100mmHgD.700mmHg5【單選題】(2分)Pressurecanbeexpressedbyabsolutepressure,gaugepressureandvacuumgauge,ifthereadingofvacuumgaugeintheequipmentis100mmHg,trytocalculatetheabsolutepressure.Giventhattheatmosphericpressureinthisareais740mmHg,thenwhatistheabsolutepressure？壓強(qiáng)可以表示為絕對(duì)壓強(qiáng)、表壓和真空度，某設(shè)備真空表的讀數(shù)是100mmHg，假設(shè)當(dāng)?shù)卮髿鈮簽?40mmHg，那它的絕對(duì)壓強(qiáng)是多少？()A.840mmHgB.200mmHgC.640mmHgD.500mmHg第二章單元測(cè)試1【單選題】(2分)InaHagen-Poiseuilleflow,i.e.laminarpressure-drivenflowinacircularpipe,ifthepressuredropisdoubled,theaverageandmaximumvelocitieswill_____.在哈根-泊謖葉流中，當(dāng)壓降變?yōu)樵瓉?lái)的兩倍時(shí)，流體的平均和最大速度會(huì)_____。()A.remainconstant保持不變B.averagevelocitywillquadruple,whilemaximumvelocitywilldouble平均速度變?yōu)?倍，最大速度變?yōu)?倍C.bothbecomefourtimes均變?yōu)樵瓉?lái)4倍D.bothdouble均變?yōu)樵瓉?lái)2倍E.averagevelocitywilldouble,whilemaximumvelocitywillbecomefourtimesaslarge平均速度變?yōu)?倍，最大速度變?yōu)?倍2【單選題】(2分)Boundarylayeroccursin_____.邊界層存在于_____。()A.turbulentflowonly僅存在于湍流中B.laminar,transitionalandturbulentflows層流、湍流和過(guò)渡流中C.transitionalflowonly僅存在于過(guò)渡流中D.transitionalandturbulentflowsonly僅存在于過(guò)渡流和湍流中E.laminarflowonly僅存在于層流中3【單選題】(2分)Thecontinuumhypothesisoffluidmechanicsassumesthatfluidcanbe_____.流體力學(xué)的連續(xù)性假設(shè)是說(shuō)，流體可以_____。()A.subjecttothermalfluctuations受到熱擾動(dòng)的影響B(tài).gasorliquid是氣體或液體C.dividedinfinitely被無(wú)限劃分D.noneoftherest其他都不對(duì)E.dividedintomoleculesandatoms被劃分為分子和原子4【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EAfluidflowmaybelaminar,turbulentortransitional,dependingonits_____.流體流動(dòng)究竟是層流、過(guò)渡流還是湍流，取決于_____。()A.Froudenumber福祿數(shù)B.Bernoullinumber柏努利數(shù)C.noneoftherest其他均不對(duì)D.Prandtlnumber普朗特?cái)?shù)E.Reynoldsnumber雷諾數(shù)5【單選題】(2分)Tosolveforthevelocitydistributionofaviscousflow,weshoulduse_____.對(duì)于黏性流體，欲求得其速度分布，應(yīng)該采用_____。()A.Navier-Stokesequation奈維-斯托克斯方程B.Eulerequation歐拉方程C.Darcy-Weisbachequation達(dá)西-瓦斯巴赫方程D.Bernoulliequation柏努利方程E.Colebrook-Whiteequation科爾布魯克-懷特方程6【單選題】(2分)Aliquidflowsfromapipeofdiameterintoapipeofdiameter.Theminorlosscoefficientis_____.某液體從直徑為D的管道流入直徑為2D的管道，其局部阻力系數(shù)K是_____.()A.3/4B.1/2C.9/16D.1/4E.noneoftherest其他均不對(duì)7【單選題】(2分)Aliquidflowisfirstdividedintothreeseparatepipeflowsandlatertheymergeintoasinglestreamagain.Inthisprocess,thetotalheadlossis_____.某股液流先分為三股，隨后又匯為一股。在此過(guò)程中，總壓頭損失為_(kāi)____.()A.zero零B.thesumofheadlossesinallthreepipes三個(gè)分支管路中壓頭損失之和C.noneoftherest其他均不對(duì)D.1/3oftheinitialtotalhead原總壓頭的1/3E.halfoftheinitialtotalhead原總壓頭的一半第三章單元測(cè)試1【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EWhichofthefollowingvalvesisanessentialpartofreciprocatingpumps?下列哪種閥門(mén)是容積泵的重要組成部分之一？()A.Plugcock旋塞閥B.Gatevalve閘閥C.Globevalve截止閥D.Ballvalve球閥E.Checkvalve逆止閥2【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EIncreasingthetotalpowerofacentrifugalpumpwillmostlikelycausethedevelopedheadto_____.增大離心泵的總功率最有可能導(dǎo)致泵壓頭_____.()A.toolittleinformationtodetermine無(wú)法判斷B.increase上升C.remainconstant不變D.noneoftherest其余都不對(duì)E.decrease下降3【單選題】(2分)Whichofthefollowingdevicesneedspriming?下列哪種設(shè)備在使用前須灌泵()A.Plungerpump柱塞泵B.Pistonpump活塞泵C.Spur-gearpump外齒輪泵D.Volutepump螺旋泵E.Diaphragmpump隔膜泵4【單選題】(2分)Whichofthefollowingcorrectlylistsgas-movingdevicesinascendingorderintermsoftheirpower(ingeneral)?以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是按由小到大的順序?qū)怏w輸送設(shè)備的功率范圍加以排列的？()A.Fan＜Positive-displacementBlower＜Positive-displacementCompressor＜CentrifugalBlower＜CentrifugalCompressor風(fēng)機(jī)＜容積式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)＜容積式壓縮機(jī)＜離心式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)＜離心式壓縮機(jī)B.Fan＜CentrifugalBlower＜CentrifugalCompressor＜Positive-displacementBlower＜Positive-displacementCompressor風(fēng)機(jī)＜離心式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)＜離心式壓縮機(jī)＜容積式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)＜容積式壓縮機(jī)C.Fan＜Positive-displacementBlower＜CentrifugalBlower＜Positive-displacementCompressor＜CentrifugalCompressor風(fēng)機(jī)＜容積式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)＜離心式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)＜容積式壓縮機(jī)＜離心式壓縮機(jī)D.Fan＜Positive-displacementBlower＜CentrifugalBlower＜CentrifugalCompressor＜Positive-displacementCompressor風(fēng)機(jī)＜容積式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)＜離心式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)＜離心式壓縮機(jī)＜容積式壓縮機(jī)E.noneoftherest其余均不對(duì)5【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EWenormallyprefergascompressiontobe_____,sothatitcanbedonemoreeasily.從簡(jiǎn)易可操作性出發(fā)，我們通常希望希望氣體壓縮過(guò)程是_____。()A.isochoric恒容的B.adiabatic絕熱的C.polytropic多方的D.isobaric恒壓的E.isothermal恒溫的6【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutflowmetersisFALSE?以下關(guān)于流量計(jì)的哪種說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的?()A.TheVenturimetercannotmeasurevelocitydistributioninaflow.文丘里管無(wú)法測(cè)量流體的速度分布。B.ThePitottubecannotmeasuretheoverallrateofaflow.皮托管無(wú)法測(cè)量流體的總流量。C.TheVenturimeterhasfixedcrosssectionareas,butvaryingpressuredrop;whilerotameteristheopposite文丘里管利用恒定的橫截面積和變動(dòng)的壓降來(lái)測(cè)量流量；轉(zhuǎn)子流量計(jì)則相反。D.Therotametermeasurestheoverallflowrate.轉(zhuǎn)子流量計(jì)可以測(cè)量流體總流量。E.Inarotameter,thefloatreachesequilibriumwhendragforcebalancesitsgravity.在轉(zhuǎn)子流量計(jì)中，當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)子達(dá)到平衡態(tài)時(shí)，它所受的曳力與重力相平衡。第四章單元測(cè)試1【判斷題】Wheneverthereisatemperaturedifference,heatmustbetransferredfromthehightemperaturetothelowtemperature.凡是有溫度差存在時(shí)，熱就必然從高溫處傳遞到低溫處。（）A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)2.【多選題】正確答案：BDIntheone-dimensionalsteady-stateheatconductionprocessofthecylinderwall,whichoneinthefollowingstatementistrue？在圓筒壁的一維穩(wěn)態(tài)熱傳導(dǎo)過(guò)程中，下列說(shuō)法正確的是.()A.Thetemperaturedifferenceonbothsidesofeachwallisproportionaltoitsthermalconductivity各層壁面兩側(cè)的溫差與其導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)成正比B.Thetemperaturedifferenceonbothsidesofeachlayerwallisproportionaltoitslogarithmicmeandiameter各層壁面兩側(cè)的溫差與其對(duì)數(shù)平均直徑成正比C.Thetemperaturedifferenceonbothsidesofeachlayerwallisproportionaltoitslogarithmicaverageare各層壁面兩側(cè)的溫差與其對(duì)數(shù)平均面積成正比D.Thetemperaturedifferenceonbothsidesofeachwallisproportionaltoitsthickness各層壁面兩側(cè)的溫差與其厚度成正比3【判斷題】Themainpurposeofsettingbaffleinshellofshellheatexchangeristoincreasetheconvectiveheattransfercoefficient.在管殼式換熱器的殼程設(shè)置折流擋板主要目的是為了增加殼程的對(duì)流傳熱系數(shù)。（）A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)4【單選題】(2分)Thecoldandhotfluidsarecounter-currentheatexchangersinthecasingheatexchangers.Theinletandoutlettemperaturesofhotfluidare100℃and60℃,andtheinletandoutlettemperaturesofcoldfluidare20℃and50℃,thentheaverageheattransfertemperaturedifferenceis.冷、熱流體在套管換熱器內(nèi)進(jìn)行逆流換熱。熱流體的進(jìn)、出口溫度為100℃何60℃，冷流體的進(jìn)出口溫度為20℃和50℃，則平均傳熱溫差為。()A.90℃B.33.7℃C.35℃D.44.9℃5.【多選題】正確答案：ADThecorrectdescriptionofradiativeheattransferis.關(guān)于輻射傳熱的描述，正確的是。()A.Thermalradiationreferstotheradiationofelectromagneticwavescausedbythermalcauses熱輻射是指因熱的原因引起的電磁波的輻射B.Greybodiesareobjectsthatabsorb50percentofradiantenergyatanywavelengthrange灰體是指對(duì)任何波長(zhǎng)范圍輻射能的吸收率都為50%的物體C.Thermalraysradiatingontoasurfaceofanobjectcanonlybeabsorbedandreflectedfromthesurface,butcannotpassthrough輻射到物體表面上的熱射線，只能被其吸收和反射，而不能透過(guò)D.Thermalraysconsistmainlyofvisibleandinfraredlight熱射線主要由可見(jiàn)光線和紅外光線組成第五章單元測(cè)試1【單選題】(2分)Thefreesettlingvelocityofasmallsteelballwithadensityof7800kg/minaliquidwitharelativedensityof1.2is1/4000ofthatinwaterat20℃,thentheviscosityofthesolutionis____(letthesettlingareabelaminarflow).一密度為7800kg/m的小鋼球在相對(duì)密度為1.2的某液體中的自由沉降速度為在20℃水中沉降速度的1/4000，則此溶液的粘度為_(kāi)_____（設(shè)沉降區(qū)為層流）。（）A.40mPa·sB.3382mPa·sC.33.82Pa·sD.4000mPa·s2【單選題】(2分)Theproductivityofdust-settlingchamberdependson_____.降塵室的生產(chǎn)強(qiáng)度取決于_______。()A.Heightandwidthofchamber降塵室的寬度和高度B.Settlingareaandsettlingvelocityofthesmallestparticlethatcanbe100%removed沉降面積和能100%除去的最小顆粒的沉降速度C.Heightofchamberandsettlingvelocityofthesmallestparticlethatcanbe100%removed降塵室長(zhǎng)度和能100%除去的最小顆粒的沉降速度D.Settlingareaandheightofchamber沉降面積和降塵室高度3【單選題】(2分)Characteristicsofdust-settlingchamberare_____.降塵室的特點(diǎn)是______。（）A.Simplestructure,smallfluidresistance,butlargevolume,lowseparationefficiency結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，流體阻力小，但體積龐大，分離效率低B.Simplestructure,highseparationefficiency,butlargefluidresistance,largevolume結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，分離效率高，但流體阻力大，體積龐大C.Simplestructure,highseparationefficiency,smallvolume,butlargefluidresistance結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，分離效率高，體積小，但流體阻力大D.Simplestructure,smallfluidresistance,highseparationefficiency,butlargevolume結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，流體阻力小，分離效率高，但體積龐大4.【多選題】正確答案：BCDIndust-settlingchamber,thesettlingvelocityofdustisNOTrelatedto_____.在降塵室中，塵粒的沉降速度與_______無(wú)關(guān)。（）A.Thehorizontalvelocityofafluid流體的水平流速B.Thedensityofparticlesandfluids顆粒與流體的密度C.Geometricdimensionsofparticles顆粒的幾何尺寸D.Particleshape顆粒的形狀5【判斷題】Themaximumparticlediameterthatcanbecompletelyseparatedbycycloneseparatoriscalledthecriticalparticlediameter.通過(guò)旋風(fēng)分離器能夠完全分離出來(lái)的最大顆粒直徑，稱(chēng)臨界顆粒直徑。（）A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)第六章單元測(cè)試1【單選題】(2分)Intheevaporationoperation,increasedboilingpointofthesolutionisrelatedto________.在蒸發(fā)操作中，溶液的沸點(diǎn)升高，_______。（）A.Thetypeofsolution,nottheconcentration與溶液類(lèi)別有關(guān)，與濃度無(wú)關(guān)B.Thepressure,butthesolutionconcentrationandtype與壓強(qiáng)有關(guān)，與溶液類(lèi)別、濃度無(wú)關(guān)C.Thesolutionconcentration,butthetypeofsolutionandpressure與濃度有關(guān)，與溶液類(lèi)別、壓強(qiáng)無(wú)關(guān)D.Thesolutiontype,concentration,andpressure與溶液類(lèi)別、濃度及壓強(qiáng)都有關(guān)2【單選題】(2分)