福建省福州市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期2月份質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

2023~2024學(xué)年福州市高三年級2月份質(zhì)量檢測英語試題(完卷時間120分鐘;滿分150分)友情提示：請將所有答案填寫到答題卡上!請不要錯位、越界答題!注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandemployee. B.Husbandandwife. C.Waiterandcustomer.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme?I’mafraidIcan’teatthissteak.It’sraw.W:Really?I’lltakeitbacktothekitchen.M:No,I’dliketoordersomethingelse,please.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredidthewomanleavehercellphone?A.Onthefootballfield. B.Attheoffice. C.Atthecafe.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyoulookingfor?W:Mycellphone.Ican’tfinditanywhere.IhaditwhenIleftthefootballgamebecauseIcalledDavidonmywaytothecafe.W:Didyouloseitonthewaythere?M:OhnoIputitonthetableinthecafeandIforgottopickitupwhenIleftfortheoffice.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanspeakerdo?A.Makealist. B.Buysportsequipment. C.Contactthebuspany.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Thisisthelistofthethingsfortheyouthclubtriptothecoast.W:Looksfine,butwe’llneedsomesportsequipment,too.M:Goodidea.Andwe’llneedabustotakeeveryonethere.W:Icanphonethebuspanythisafternoon.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanmakeacall?A.Tochangetheplan. B.Tohaveadiscussion. C.Tomakeareservation.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Tom.It’sKerry.Howareyou?M:I’mfine.Hopeyou’restillonforSaturday?W:Ah,well,that’swhyIwasringing.MyparentsareingoveronSaturdayfordinner.Wemadethearrangementagesago,butIforgot.I’mreallysorry.We’llhavetoeatoutanothernight.M:Oh,that’sashame.I’dbookedatableatMario’s.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Goodsexchange. B.CDpurchase. C.Aftersalesservice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:NowIhavecollectedallyourpersonalinformation.AfterIfeeditbacktotheshopmanager,wewillsolveyourproblemassoonaspossible.W:ThenwhenwillIgetanotherCD?Couldyoupleasetellmethedeadline?M:EmIpromisethedayaftertomorrow.W:That’sgreat.IwillgototheshoponthatdaytoreturntheCDandfetchanewone.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Wheredidthespeakersgoswimming?A.Inthesea. B.Intheriver. C.Inthelake.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthecampsite?A.Itneededashop. B.Itwastoosmall. C.Ithadgoodshowers.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Thankyoufortakingmecampingwithyoulastweekend,AuntLizzie.W:Itwasgreat,especiallywhenwewentswimming.Itwastoowindytoswiminthesea,butthelakewasgreatanyway.Perhapsnexttimewecantrytheriver.M:Sleepinginatentwasnewforme.Iwasworriedaboutitonthefirstnight,butIsoonfoundouthowexcitingitwas!Mybrotherwasveryunhappythathecouldn’tewithus.W:Thecampsitewasquitebig,butit’sapitytherewasnowheretobuyfoodandthings.Andtheshowerstherewereabitdirty,butOK.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisthemanspeakersatisfiedwith?A.Thesong. B.Thebook. C.Thescreenplay.9.Whatisthewoman’sopinionabouttheendingofthefilm?A.Appealing. B.Accurate. C.Unsatisfactory.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:WhatdidyouthinkofthatfilmadaptationofTheSilverBirds?M:Well,thesonginitisbeautiful.ButifIweretheauthor,I’dbeprettyannoyed.Didn’thetakepartinwritingthescreenplay,though?Anyway,Idon’tthinkthemessageofthebookwasinterpretedcorrectly.W:Yeah.Theymakethefilmbecausethebook’sbeenabestseller.Buttheychangetheendingsoit’snothingliketheoriginal.M:Indeed.Iguesstheychangedittoappealtothewidestaudiencepossible.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Toaskafavor. B.Tofetchhiscar. C.Toofferalift.11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Sendthepaperonline. B.Buyanewputer. C.Usehersister’scar.12.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheman?A.Outofdate. B.Clever. C.Cool.13.Whatwillthemando?A.Drivetoschool. B.Callhisprofessor. C.Gotothewoman’shouse.【答案】10.A11.A12.A13.C【解析】【原文】M:I’vegotthispaperdueforoneofmyclasses,andmycarwon’tstart.Couldyoudrivemetoschool?W:Oh,Iwould,butmysister’sgotmycar.Canyousendthepaperbyemail?M:Well,Icould,butIdon’thaveaccessonmyputerhereathome.W:Youdon’t?Somedayyou’llhavetojointherestofusinthe21stcentury.M:Iknow.ButwhatshouldIdorightnow?W:Ihaveanidea.Firstcallyourprofessor,andgetheremailaddress.M:IthinkIhavethathere.It’sasanchez@.W:Cool.NextsaveyourpaperonUSBstick.Then,bringtheUSBstickandtheemailaddressoverheretomyplace.Whenyougethere,we’llsendthepaperfrommyputer.M:Thatwillbegreat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Howdidthewomanknowthegym?A.Fromafriend. B.Fromawebsite. C.Fromanewspaper.15.Howlongisthegymopenaday?A.16hours. B.19hours. C.24hours.16.Whatdoesthegymoffer?A.Nutritiousmeals. B.Freepersonaltrainers. C.Thelowestmembershipfee.17.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodoatlast?A.Payavisittothegym. B.Chooseapersonaltrainer. C.Applyforamembershipcard.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.ShakeitOffFitness.HowcanIhelpyou?W:Hello.AfriendofminesawyouradvertonDailyNewswebsite.Shetoldmethatyouhavethebestbudgetmembershipinthecity.Isthatright?M:Oh,yes.Ifyoufindabetterrate,thenwe’llmatchit.Andwedon’thaveanysignupfeesorcancellationfees.W:That’susefultoknow.Umm,whattimesdoyouhave?M:Weopenat5a.m.andcloseatmidnight.W:Not24hoursthenM:No.Almost,though!W:OK.Anotherquestion:doyouhavetrainers?M:Surewedo.Wehavemanyexperiencedpersonaltrainers.Heorshewilldesignanexerciseplanandprovidethenutritionadvicerightforyou.Itcostsextrathough.W:Hmmm,yeah.Um,OK.M:Listen,here’safreedaypass.Whydon’tyoudropbyandseeforyourself?Thatwayyoucantalktoothermembers,seethefacilitiesandourtrainers.W:OK,I’lldothat.Thanksverymuch!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Wheredohugestormsformeveryyear?A.InNorthernAfrica. B.IntheUnitedStates. C.IntheAtlanticOcean.19.Whatisthereasonformoreseverestorms?A.Dustcarriedbywinds. B.Norainfallforlong. C.Changeablewind.20.Whatistheprobableinfluenceofthedust?A.Itpollutesthewholecountry.B.Itdoesharmtopeople’shealth.C.ItisathreattotheSaharaDesert.【答案】18.A19.B20.B【解析】【原文】W:AmericanresearcherssaydustcloudsfromdryAfricandesertsmaybeathreattohumanhealthintheUnitedStates.Theysaythedustmaycontainmanysmallorganismsthatcouldbedangeroustosomepeople.Eachyear,hugestormsformintheSaharadesertofNorthernAfrica.WindscarrythedustacrosstheAtlanticOcean.ThemovementofdusthasbeenincreasinginrecentyearsbecauseoflongerperiodswithoutraininAfrica.FromFebruarytoApril,thedustsettlesinSouthAmerica.FromJunetoOctober,thewindschangeandtransportthedusttoNorthAmerica,CentralAmericaandtheCaribbean.MorethanhalfofthedustthatreachestheUnitedStatessettlesinthestateofFlorida.Formanyyears,ithascausedtheskiestheretoturnred.Thereisprobablyalinkbetweentheduststormsandthehigherratesofbreathingproblemsinpeopleinthisarea.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AForhighschoolers,acareergoalcanhelpthemchooseamajorandcollege.Theymayfindacareerthatfitsforthefirsttry.Therefore,doencouragethecareerexplorationbelow.Itdescribesafewnewonesthatwillbeavailablewhenyourteenreachesadulthood.NextgenerationpsychologicalhelpUnfortunately,psychologicalhealthissuesareunlikelytodecreasesoon.Theexistingresearchisfarfromacureall.Psychologicalhelpwilllikelybeanevermoreinterestingandindemandprofession.IntermediatehealthcareproviderTheU.S.isfacinganoverburdenedhealthcaresystem.So,aneverhigherpercentageofhealthcarewillbeprovidedbyintermediatecareproviderssuchasphysicianassistant,dentalassistant,etc.Thegoodnewsforcareerseekersisthatthetrainingismuchshorter.SoftwaredevelopersandengineersExpertsindatabasearchitecture,artificialintelligence,andmachinelearningwillstayindemand.NewapplicationsmayincludeAIassisteddiagnosis(診斷)andtreatmentremendations,individualizededucation,andadvancedembryo(胚胎)selectiontoensureabsenceofgeneticallyinfluenceddiseasesandsoon.PrecisionmedicineInyourteen’slifetime,majordiseaseswilllikelybepreventedand/ortreatedwithmoleculescustommatched(定制)totheveryspecificdisease.YourmathcentricteenwhocanpicturegettingaPhDcouldhelpmakethathappen.TipsIt’sgreatwhenteensareabletoexplorecareersontheirown.Youmightwanttositalongside,butletyourteensitinthedriver’sseat.Onlyhelpasmuchasneeded.21.Whichcareerfocusesonmentalissues?A.Nextgenerationpsychologicalhelp. B.Softwaredevelopersandengineers.C.Intermediatehealthcareprovider. D.Precisionmedicine.22.Whichofthefollowingrelatestoallthecareers?A.Databasearchitecture. B.Medicalhealth.C.Mathknowledge. D.AIeducation.23.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Teens. B.Employers. C.Teachers. D.Parents.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。對于高中生來說，職業(yè)目標(biāo)可以幫助他們選擇專業(yè)和大學(xué)。他們可能會找到適合第一次嘗試職業(yè)。因此，一定要鼓勵以下職業(yè)探索。文章主要介紹了適合高中生第一次嘗試的職業(yè)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Nextgenerationpsychologicalhelp部分“Unfortunately,psychologicalhealthissuesareunlikelytodecreasesoon.Theexistingresearchisfarfromacureall.Psychologicalhelpwilllikelybeanevermoreinterestingandindemandprofession.(不幸的是，心理健康問題不太可能很快減少。現(xiàn)有的研究還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不是包治百病。心理幫助可能會成為一個更有趣、更受歡迎的職業(yè))”可知，Nextgenerationpsychologicalhelp專注于心理問題。故選A。【22題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章Precisionmedicine部分中“Inyourteen’slifetime,majordiseaseswilllikelybepreventedand/ortreatedwithmoleculescustommatched(定制)totheveryspecificdisease.(在你青少年的一生中，主要的疾病可能會被預(yù)防和/或治療與特定疾病定制匹配的分子)”可推知，醫(yī)療健康關(guān)系到每一個人，與所有職業(yè)有關(guān)。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“It’sgreatwhenteensareabletoexplorecareersontheirown.Youmightwanttositalongside,butletyourteensitinthedriver’sseat.Onlyhelpasmuchasneeded.(青少年能夠自己探索職業(yè)是件好事。你可能想坐在旁邊，但讓你的孩子坐在駕駛座上。只在需要的時候提供幫助)”可推知，本文是寫給父母的。故選D。BSugar,proteinandfat:ifyou’regoodatscanningthosenutritionfactsonfoodanddrinkspackages,it’sthanksinlargeparttoBurkeyBelser,whoisawellknownAmericangraphicdesigner(平面設(shè)計師).Buthisworkextendedfarbeyondgroceries.Ifyou’venoticedtheDrugFactsboxonoverthecountermedicinesseemstobelikethefoodlabel,that’sbecauseBelserdesignedit,aswell.HealsocreatedtheyellowEnergyGuideboxforhomeappliances.Belser’spassionfordesignstartedatayoungage.HestudiedattheSchooloftheArtInstituteofChicagoandbeganajourneytobeeagraphicdesigner.Hisexceptionaltalentandskillquicklygainedrecognition,earninghimnumerousawardsandaccolades.Belser’sworkisseenonbillionsofproducts.Thenutritionfactboxhasbeencopiedaroundtheworld.Creatingtheofficialfoodinformationboxwasaplicatedprocess,withinputfrombusinessgroupsandhealthadvocates,alongwithFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)experts.Thedesignteamworkedthrough35versionsbeforetheproductcameout,anditwasahugesuccess.“Thatisamasterpieceofinformationarchitecture,andquiteavictoryforsocialresponsibility,”mentedoneItaliandesigner.ThenutritionlabelreflectsAmericans’evolving(演變)relationshipwithfood,shiftingfromanemphasisonvitaminsandmineralstoaddressingobesity(肥胖)andrelatedconditions.Belser’sworknotonlymadeanimpactwithintheindustrybutalsoplayedacrucialroleineffectivelymunicatingimportantmessagestothepublic.Speakingofhissuccess,Belsersaidthatluckhadprobablyplayedabigrole.Butheadded,“I’dsaythewillingnesstoworkhardsetsthestagetotakeadvantageofwhateverluckesyourway.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutBurkeyBelserfromparagraph1?A.Heworkedingroceries. B.Hemajoredinmedicine.C.Hedesignedpackagelabels. D.Heupdatedhomeappliances.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accolades”meaninparagraph2?A.Opportunities. B.Degrees. C.Suggestions. D.Praises.26.WhatisthesignificanceofBelser’swork?A.IthelpsfightAmericans’obesity.B.Itimprovesthepublic’seatinghabits.C.Itmakesinformationeasilyaccessible.D.Itpromotesthefoodindustry’simages.27.WhatwasthekeytoBelser’ssuccess?A.Hisgoodluck. B.Hisdetermination.C.Publicdonation. D.Businesscooperation.【答案】24C25.D26.C27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一位著名的美國平面設(shè)計師伯基·貝爾瑟，他設(shè)計了食品包裝上的營養(yǎng)標(biāo)簽，此外還有藥品包裝上食品標(biāo)簽的說明欄和電器上的能量指南盒。貝爾瑟的研究成果出現(xiàn)在數(shù)十億種產(chǎn)品上?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Sugar,proteinandfat:ifyou’regoodatscanningthosenutritionfactsonfoodanddrinkspackages,it’sthanksinlargeparttoBurkeyBelser,whoisawellknownAmericangraphicdesigner(平面設(shè)計師).Buthisworkextendedfarbeyondgroceries.Ifyou’venoticedtheDrugFactsboxonoverthecountermedicinesseemstobelikethefoodlabel,that’sbecauseBelserdesignedit,aswell.(糖、蛋白質(zhì)和脂肪：如果你擅長掃描食品和飲料包裝上的這些營養(yǎng)成分，這在很大程度上要歸功于伯基·貝爾瑟，他是一位著名的美國平面設(shè)計師。但他的工作遠(yuǎn)不止于食品雜貨。如果你注意到非處方藥上的藥品說明欄看起來像食品標(biāo)簽，那是因為它也是貝爾瑟設(shè)計的)”可知，我們在食品包裝上看到的注明有營養(yǎng)成分的標(biāo)簽應(yīng)該是貝爾瑟設(shè)計的。故選C項?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Hisexceptionaltalentandskillquicklygainedrecognition,earninghimnumerousawards(他非凡的天賦和技巧很快得到了認(rèn)可，為他贏得了無數(shù)的獎項)”可知，這里主語指他非凡的的天賦，得到人們的認(rèn)可，是他獲獎無數(shù)，劃線詞和awards并列，應(yīng)該也是他的天賦和技巧為他贏得無數(shù)獎項和贊美，此處D項praises意為“贊美”符合語境。故選D項?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThenutritionlabelreflectsAmericans’evolving(演變)relationshipwithfood,shiftingfromanemphasisonvitaminsandmineralstoaddressingobesity(肥胖)andrelatedconditions.Belser’sworknotonlymadeanimpactwithintheindustrybutalsoplayedacrucialroleineffectivelymunicatingimportantmessagestothepublic.(營養(yǎng)標(biāo)簽反映了美國人與食物關(guān)系的演變，從強調(diào)維生素和礦物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)向解決肥胖和相關(guān)疾病。貝爾瑟的工作不僅在業(yè)內(nèi)產(chǎn)生了影響，而且在有效地向公眾傳達(dá)重要信息方面發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用)”可知，由于貝爾瑟的貢獻(xiàn)，普通民眾也對食物營養(yǎng)相關(guān)知識有所了解，使公眾可以接觸到一些專業(yè)知識。故選C項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Speakingofhissuccess,Belsersaidthatluckhadprobablyplayedabigrole.Butheadded,“I’dsaythewillingnesstoworkhardsetsthestagetotakeadvantageofwhateverluckesyourway.”(談到他的成功，貝爾瑟說運氣可能起了很大作用。但他補充說，‘我想說，努力工作的意愿為你利用任何運氣奠定了基礎(chǔ)’)”可知，貝爾瑟認(rèn)為，他的成功有一部分原因是運氣好，但是最重要的是努力工作的決心。故選B項。CScientistshavefoundawaytodecode(解碼)astreamofwordsinthebrainusingMRIscansandartificialintelligence.Thesystemreconstructsthemainpointofwhatapersonhearsorimagines,ratherthantryingtocopyeachword,ateamreports.“It’sgettingattheideasbehindthewords,themeaning,saysAlexanderHuth,anauthorofthestudy.Previouseffortstodecodelanguagehavereliedonsensorsplaceddirectlyonthesurfaceofthebrain.Thesensorsdetectsignalsinareasinvolvedinexpressingwords.ButtheTexasteam’sapproachisanattemptto“decodemorefreeformthought,”saysMarcelJust,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegieMellonUniversity.Thenewstudycameaboutaspartofanefforttounderstandhowthebrainprocesseslanguage.Researchershadthreepeoplespendupto16hourseachinafunctionalMRIscanner,whichdetectssignsofactivityacrossthebrain.ParticipantsworeheadphonesthatstreamedaudiofromtheInternet.Thosestreamsofwordsproducedactivityalloverthebrain,notjustinareasassociatedwithspeechandlanguage.Afterparticipantslistenedtohoursofstoriesinthescanner,theMRIdatawassenttoaputer.Itlearnedtomatchspecificpatternsofbrainactivitywithcertainstreamsofwords.Thencameaparaphrasedversionofwhataparticipantheard.TheMRIapproachiscurrentlyslowerandlessaccuratethananexperimentalmunicationsystembeingdevelopedforparalyzedpeople,wherepeoplegetasheetofelectricalsensorsimplanteddirectlyonthesurfaceofthebrain.WithanMRIbasedsystem,noonehastogetsurgery.ButfutureversionsofMRIscanscouldraisemoralquestions.“Whatifyoucanreadoutthewordthatsomebodyisjustthinkingintheirhead?That’spotentiallyaharmfulthing.”Huthsays.Thistechnologycan’treallyreadmindsuncontrollably,though.Itonlyworkswhenaparticipantisactivelycooperatingwithscientists.Still,systemsthatdecodelanguagecouldsomedaysupportpeoplewhoareunabletospeakbecauseofabraininjuryordisease.Theyarealsoassistingscientistsinunderstandinghowthebrainprocesseswordsandthoughts.28.WhatisspecialabouttheTexasteam’sstudy?A.Braincanbereconstructed. B.Sensorsignalscanbeimproved.C.Expressioncanbeperfected. D.Meaningscanbeprehended.29.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thewayofspeechdecoding. B.Stepsofwordmatching.C.Theprocessofanexperiment. D.Patternsofbrainactivity.30.WhatcanbeimpliedaboutMRIscansfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyareadoubleedgedsword. B.Theyarepotentiallyharmfultolife.C.Theyarewellworthresearching. D.Theyarehelpfultotreatbraindisease.31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?AADecoderThatCanConveyMeaning B.ADecoderThatCanReadYourMindC.MRIScanner:StillaLongWaytoGo D.MRIScanner:BridgeMessageGap【答案】28.D29.C30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科學(xué)家通過核磁共振掃描和人工智能來解碼大腦中的單詞流，這項新研究是為了了解大腦如何處理語言?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段““It’sgettingattheideasbehindthewords,themeaning,saysAlexanderHuth,anauthorofthestudy.”（該研究的作者之一亞歷山大·胡特(AlexanderHuth)說:“這是在理解單詞背后的意思。”）根據(jù)第二段“Previouseffortstodecodelanguagehavereliedonsensorsplaceddirectlyonthesurfaceofthebrain.Thesensorsdetectsignalsinareasinvolvedinexpressingwords.ButtheTexasteam’sapproachisanattemptto“decodemorefreeformthought,”saysMarcelJust,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegieMellonUniversity.(以前解碼語言的努力依賴于直接放置在大腦表面的傳感器。傳感器檢測與表達(dá)單詞有關(guān)的區(qū)域的信號。但卡耐基梅隆大學(xué)的心理學(xué)教授馬塞爾·賈斯特說，德克薩斯團(tuán)隊的方法是試圖“解碼更多自由形式的思想”)”可知，德克薩斯研究小組的研究的特別之處是意思可以被理解。故選D?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thenewstudycameaboutaspartofanefforttounderstandhowthebrainprocesseslanguage.Researchershadthreepeoplespendupto16hourseachinafunctionalMRIscanner,whichdetectssignsofactivityacrossthebrain.ParticipantsworeheadphonesthatstreamedaudiofromtheInternet.Thosestreamsofwordsproducedactivityalloverthebrain,notjustinareasassociatedwithspeechandlanguage.Afterparticipantslistenedtohoursofstoriesinthescanner,theMRIdatawassenttoaputer.Itlearnedtomatchspecificpatternsofbrainactivitywithcertainstreamsofwords.Thencameaparaphrasedversionofwhataparticipantheard.(這項新研究是為了了解大腦如何處理語言。研究人員讓三個人每人花16個小時在功能性核磁共振掃描儀上，以檢測大腦活動的跡象。參與者戴著耳機，播放來自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的音頻。這些單詞流在整個大腦中產(chǎn)生活動，而不僅僅是與語音和語言相關(guān)的區(qū)域。參與者在掃描儀中聽了幾個小時的故事后，核磁共振成像數(shù)據(jù)被發(fā)送到電腦上。它學(xué)會了將特定的大腦活動模式與特定的詞匯流相匹配。然后是參與者聽到的內(nèi)容的釋義版本)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是實驗的過程。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Still,systemsthatdecodelanguagecouldsomedaysupportpeoplewhoareunabletospeakbecauseofabraininjuryordisease.Theyarealsoassistingscientistsinunderstandinghowthebrainprocesseswordsandthoughts.(盡管如此，解碼語言的系統(tǒng)有一天可能會幫助那些因腦損傷或疾病而無法說話的人。它們還幫助科學(xué)家了解大腦是如何處理文字和思想的)”可知，核磁共振掃描非常值得研究。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistshavefoundawaytodecode(解碼)astreamofwordsinthebrainusingMRIscansandartificialintelligence.(科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)找到了一種方法，通過核磁共振掃描和人工智能來解碼大腦中的單詞流)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了科學(xué)家通過核磁共振掃描和人工智能來解碼大腦中的單詞流，這項新研究是為了了解大腦如何處理語言?？芍珺選項“一個能讀懂你的心的解碼器”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。DHumanshavesailedtheoceans’surfacesformillennia,buttheirdepthsremaineffectivelyuncharted.Onlyaboutaquarteroftheseafloorhasbeenmappedathighresolution.Mapsofmostregionsdisplayonlyapproximatedepthsandoftenmissentireunderwatermountainsorcanyons(峽谷).Soresearchershaveintroducedsomedeepdivingexperts:ElephantSeals.ScientistshavebeenplacingtrackersonthemaroundAntarcticaforyears,gatheringdataonoceantemperature.Foranewstudy,theresearchersparedthesedives’locationanddepthdatawithsomeofthelessdetailedseafloormaps.Theyspottedplaceswherethesealsdovedeeperthanshouldhavebeenpossibleaccordingtothemapsmeaningtheexistingdepthestimateswereinaccurate.IneasternAntarctica’sVincennesBay,thedivingsealshelpedthescientistsfindalarge,hiddenunderwatercanyonofmorethanamileindepth.AnAustralianresearchshipcalledtheRSVNuyinalatermeasuredthecanyon’sexactdepthusingsonar(納),andtheresearchershaveproposednamingtheirfindtheMiroungaNuyinaCanyon—honoringboththeshipandtheinvolvedElephantSeals,genusMirounga.Butsealscan’tcharttheentireoceanfloor.Thetrackersusedinthestudycouldpinpointaseal’sgeographicallocationonlywithinabout1.5miles,whichallowsforusefulbutnotexactlyhighresolutiondata.Plus,becausethesealsdon’talwaysdivetothebottomoftheocean,theycanrevealonlywherethebottomisdeeperthaninexistingmapsnotshallower.DeepsearesearchexpertssuggestimprovingonthesedatabyusingmorepreciseGPStrackersandanalyzingtheseals’divingpatternstodeterminewhethertheyhavereachedtheseafloororsimplystoppedgoingdown.ThepotentialuseofthecurrentsealdivedataistogatherinformationaboutthedeepoceanaroundAntarctica,specificallyregardingthelocationanddepthofseafloorcanyons.ThisdatacanbevaluableforpredictinghowAntarctica’sicewillmelt.Byunderstandingthepresenceandcharacteristicsofthesecanyons,scientistscanbetterassesshowwarmerwaterfromthedeepoceanflowstowardstheicealongthecontinent’scoast,ThisknowledgeiscrucialforaccuratelymodelingandpredictingthefuturebehaviorofAntarctica’sicesheetsandtheircontributiontosealevelrise.32.Howdidtheresearchersfindoutthedepthinaccuracies?A.Bygatheringtemperaturedata.B.Withthehelpofseals’diving.C.Byimprovingresolutionofmaps.D.Withthetrackersplacedoncanyons.33.WhyisthediscoveryofMiroungaNuyinaCanyonmentioned?A.Toprovidemorereferencedata. B.Tointroduceanewtopic.C.Togivesupportingevidence. D.Tomakeaparison.34.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Researcherscanassessoceanfeatures.B.Datacanbeusedtotrackicelocation.C.Underwaterflowcanbecontrolled.D.Scientistscanmonitoricemelting.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Sealsassistchartingoceanfloor.B.SealsadvanceGPStrackers’precision.C.Scientistsdrawinspirationfromseals.D.Scientistsuncoverseals’divingpatterns.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家利用帶有追蹤器的海豹的潛水?dāng)?shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行海洋探測，了解海底山脈或峽谷的位置和深度，幫助繪制海底地圖?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到“Foranewstudy,theresearchersparedthesedives’locationanddepthdatawithsomeofthelessdetailedseafloormaps.Theyspottedplaceswherethesealsdovedeeperthanshouldhavebeenpossibleaccordingtothemapsmeaningtheexistingdepthestimateswereinaccurate.(在一項新的研究中，研究人員將這些潛水的位置和深度數(shù)據(jù)與一些不太詳細(xì)的海底地圖進(jìn)行了比較。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)海豹潛入的地方比地圖顯示的可能深度要深，這意味著現(xiàn)有的深度估計是不準(zhǔn)確的。)”可知，研究人員在海豹潛水的幫助下發(fā)現(xiàn)深度誤差。故選B。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第三段講到“AnAustralianresearchshipcalledtheRSVNuyinalatermeasuredthecanyon’sexactdepthusingsonar(納),andtheresearchershaveproposednamingtheirfindtheMiroungaNuyinaCanyon(一艘名為RSVNuyina的澳大利亞研究船后來使用聲納測量了峽谷的確切深度，研究人員提議將他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)命名為MirounganuyinaCanyon)”可知，提及MiroungaNuyina峽谷的發(fā)現(xiàn)是為了提供支持證據(jù)。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。文章最后一段講到“ThisdatacanbevaluableforpredictinghowAntarctica’sicewillmelt.(這些數(shù)據(jù)對于預(yù)測南極洲的冰將如何融化非常有價值。)”可知，從最后一段我們可以推斷出科學(xué)家可以監(jiān)測冰的融化。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。本文介紹了科學(xué)家利用帶有追蹤器的海豹的潛水?dāng)?shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行海洋探測，了解海底山脈或峽谷的位置和深度。文章第二段講到“Foranewstudy,theresearchersparedthesedives’locationanddepthdatawithsomeofthelessdetailedseafloormaps.Theyspottedplaceswherethesealsdovedeeperthanshouldhavebeenpossibleaccordingtothemapsmeaningtheexistingdepthestimateswereinaccurate.(在一項新的研究中，研究人員將這些潛水的位置和深度數(shù)據(jù)與一些不太詳細(xì)的海底地圖進(jìn)行了比較。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)海豹潛入的地方比地圖顯示的可能深度要深，這意味著現(xiàn)有的深度估計是不準(zhǔn)確的。)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“DeepsearesearchexpertssuggestimprovingonthesedatabyusingmorepreciseGPStrackersandanalyzingtheseals’divingpatternstodeterminewhethertheyhavereachedtheseafloororsimplystoppedgoingdown.(深海研究專家建議，通過使用更精確的GPS跟蹤器和分析海豹的潛水模式來改進(jìn)這些數(shù)據(jù)，以確定它們是否已經(jīng)到達(dá)海底或只是停止了潛水。)”可知，這篇文章主要講的是海豹幫助繪制海底地圖。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)Therearealotofstrategiesforvisitingamuseumandavoiding“museumtiredness”.Considerwhatismentionedbelowinplanning.____36____Regardlessofamuseum’ssize,you’llgettiredquicklyifyoutrytolookcloselyateveryobjectdisplayed.Likewise,mostmuseumsprovidelotsofinformationabouttheobjectsonview.Sodon’ttrytoreadeverything.____37____“Tombstone”labelsareverybriefandprovidefactsabouttheartist,theircountryetc.Theremaybeanumber,whichthemuseumusestoregistertheobject,usuallyaccordingtowhenitbecameapartofthecollection,andacreditlinethatindicatesthedonor.Objectlabelsareplacednexttomanyobjects.____38____Theapproachusedtowritemuseumlabelshasbeenmuchdebatedamongarthistoriansandmuseumprofessionals.____39____Askforamaporhavemuseumstaffsuggesthighlightsinthecollectionorspecialexhibitions.Manymuseumshavespecialtours,audioguides,ordownloadableappsthatpointyoutotheseobjects.Somepeopleremendsettingaspecificamountoftimeforyourvisit(1or2hours).____40____Inadditiontobenchesinthegalleries,mostmuseumshaveacafe,shop,sculpturecourtyardorgardenswhereyoucanhangoutandrelaxforabit.A.You’lllikelymeetwithtwotypesoflabels.B.Youaresuretomakethemostofyourexperience.C.It’salwaysagoodideatostopbytheinformationdesk.D.Itwouldalsobewisetoplanfrequentbreaksinthegalleries.E.Notethatthesemightnotbeartworksthatyoufindappealing.F.Ifyoulivenear,considerfrequentvisitstothechangedexhibitions.G.Theseaimtogiveinformationnotalwaysobviousabouttheartwork.【答案】36.B37.A38.G39.C40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了如何有效地參觀博物館?！?6題詳解】上文“Therearealotofstrategiesforvisitingamuseumandavoiding“mu