閱讀理解（第1期）-2022屆江蘇高考名校英語(yǔ)好題速遞分項(xiàng)匯編（教師版）

專(zhuān)題01閱讀理解（第01期）-2022屆江蘇高考名校英語(yǔ)好題速遞分項(xiàng)匯編

閱讀選擇【江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中】

X.WaroftheWorldsbyH.GWells

TutWAROF

ni^voRmsPublishedin1897,thissciencefictionhasinspiredcountlessnovelssincethen

andstillcontinuestofascinateitsreaders.Theunnamedheroisoneofthefirst

witnessesofastrange-lookingmeteorite（隕石）inEngland.Notlongafter,itis

RMI.VbUtSg

apparentthatthemeteoriteisMartianandaninvasionisaroundthecorner,Whatis

itlikeforman,thedominatedofearth,tobedominatedbyaraceofaliens?

2.TheDuneSaga（沙丘）byFrankHerbert

111Publishedfrom1965-1985,theDuneSagacontains6novelsandiswidely

consideredthegreatestepicofsciencefiction.Insteadofstickingtoasingle

character,thesenovelsbeginwithPaulAtreides,firstasonofanoblefamilyand

thentheemperoroftheknownuniverse.ThenovelsfollowPaul'sdescendants（后

f?AMKHIBBiai

裔）,endingbyrevealingthefateofhisplanet,Arrakis,andthefateofhis

generations.

3.TheSpaceTrilogybyC.S.Lewis

■Thisseriescontainsthreebooksthatwerepublishedfrom1938-1945.Lewis

nexploresthenatureofhumanitybytakingthemaincharacter,Dr.ElwinRansom,

outsideofEarthandtotheplanetsofMarsandVenus.Ontheseplanets,thelocal

residentsarenotcorrupted（腐?。?butcorruptionfromEarththreatensthem.When

RansomreturnstoEarthinthefinalbook,corruptionevengreaterthanwhenheleft

awaitshimthere.

u4.Fahrenheit451byRayBradbury

Thefuturesocietyinthepriceless1953novelismadeworsebytechnology.

RayBradburydiscussestheimportanceofbooksbyusingsuchasocietythatburs

同them.Themaincharacter,GuyMontag,isafireman,someonewhoburnsbooksand

thehousesthatcontainthem.Thecultureobsesses（著迷）withthesocietyof

televisionbutdoesn'trealizethevalue—andthefreedom—thatcomeswithliterature.

21.WhereisDr.ElwinRansomoriginallyfrom?

A.Earth.B.Venus.

C.Mars.D.Arrakis.

22.Whichbookexploresthepotentialfortechnologytomakehumanslessfree?

A.WaroftheWorlds.B.TheDuneSaga.

C.TheSpaceTrilogy.D.Fahrenheit451.

23.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?

A.Theyshowanimaginaryworld.

B.Theyeachhavetwomaincharacters.

C.Theyexplorethenatureofhumanity.

D.Theywerepublishedinthe20thcentury.

【答案】21.A22.D23.A

【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本書(shū)，包括它們的作者和主要內(nèi)容等。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)表格中的“Lewisexploresthenatureofhumanitybytakingthe

maincharacter,Dr.ElwinRansom,outsideofEarthandtotheplanetsofMarsandVenus.（文U易斯

以主人公埃爾文?蘭瑟姆博士為主角，探索人類(lèi)的本質(zhì)，他來(lái)到了地球之外的火星和金星）”

可知，Dr.ElwinRansom來(lái)自地球。故選A。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一個(gè)表格中的“Thefuturesocietyinthepriceless1953novelismade

worsebytechnology.（1953年這部無(wú)價(jià)小說(shuō)中的未來(lái)社會(huì)因技術(shù)而變得更糟）”和"Themain

character,GuyMontag,isafireman,someonewhoburnsbooksandthehousesthatcontainthem.

Thecultureobsesses（著迷）withthesocietyoftelevisionbutdoesn'trealizethevalue—andthe

freedom-thatcomeswithliterature.（主角蓋伊?蒙塔格是一名消防員，他焚燒書(shū)籍和存放書(shū)籍

的房屋。那時(shí)的文化沉迷于電視社會(huì)，但沒(méi)有意識(shí)到文學(xué)帶來(lái)的價(jià)值和自由）”可知，

Fahrenheit451這本書(shū)探索了技術(shù)讓人類(lèi)變得更加不自由。故選D。

23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)表格中的“Publishedin1897,thissciencefictionhasinspired

countlessnovelssincethenandstillcontinuestofascinateitsreaders.（自1897年出版以來(lái)，這

部科幻小說(shuō)激發(fā)了無(wú)數(shù)小說(shuō)的靈感，至今仍讓讀者著迷）”，第二個(gè)表格中的“Publishedfrom

1965-1985,theDuneSagacontains6novelsandiswidelyconsideredthegreatestepicofscience

fiction.（《沙丘傳奇》出版于1965年至1985年，共有6部小說(shuō)，被廣泛認(rèn)為是最偉大的科

幻史詩(shī)）”，第三個(gè)表格中的“Thisseriescontainsthreebooksthatwerepublishedfrom

1938-1945.Lewisexploresthenatureofhumanitybytakingthemaincharacter,Dr.ElwinRansom,

outsideofEarthandtotheplanetsofMarsandVenus.（本系列包含1938-1945年出版的三本書(shū)。

劉易斯以主人公埃爾文?蘭瑟姆博士為主角，探索人類(lèi)的本質(zhì)，他來(lái)到了地球之外的火星和

金星）”和最后一個(gè)表格中的“Thefuturesocietyinthepriceless1953novelismadeworseby

technology.RayBradburydiscussestheimportanceofbooksbyusingsuchasocietythatburs

them.（1953年這部無(wú)價(jià)小說(shuō)中的未來(lái)社會(huì)因技術(shù)而變得更糟。雷?布拉德伯里利用這樣一

個(gè)使書(shū)籍飽受摧殘的社會(huì)來(lái)討論書(shū)籍的重要性）”可知，這四本書(shū)的共同特點(diǎn)是：它們都展

示了一個(gè)想象的世界C故選A。

In1868six-year-oldLauraJernegan,herparents,andherbabybrother,Prescott,setsail

fromNewBedford,Massachusetts.Thiswasnovacationcruise.Laura'sfather,captainofthe

whaleshipRoman,washuntingthemightiestanimalonearth.

Unwillingtobeseparatedfromhisfamilyforthreetofouryearswhilehemadeocean

voyagesthousandsofmilesfromhome,CaptainJernegantookthemwithhimtoshareinthe

adventure-andthedanger-oflifeatsea.Inthemid-1800s,asmanyasoneinsixAmerican

whaling,captainstooktheirfamiliesonvoyages.

Whatwasitliketoliveonawhaleship?ThediaryLaurakeptwhileshewasatseaoffersa

lookintoherunusualchildhood.Shewasfascinatedbyherfather'sjob.Whentheship'slookout

spottedawhale,Laurarecordeditinherdiary."Ihopeweshallgethim,"shewrote.

Shewatchedasthemenrushedtotheirwhaleboatsandchasedthewhales.Assoonasa

whalewascaught,thecrewbegantoprocessit.Firstthecrewucutin"thewhalebyremovingits

thickblanketofblubber（鯨月旨）.

Afterthrowingpiecesofblubberintolargepots,twomenwould"getinthepotsandsquish

（擠）oultheblubber,"Laurawrote.Itmusthavebeenastrangesightbecausethesailorswere"way

uptotheirknees"inthegreasyfat,shereported.

Nowcamethehot,smoky,andsmellypar.Abrickfurnace（火爐）wasfiredup,andtheblubber

wastriedout,orboiledintooil.Onehugewhaleproducedenoughoiltofillseventy-fivebarrels,

shenotedindisbelief.WhentheJernegansreturnedhome,theoilwouldbesoldforthebestprice

possible.Whaleoilwasimportantduringmostofthenineteenthcentury.ltwasusedtolightlamps

andtomakecandles.

TwoandahalfyearsaftershehadleftNewBedford,deep-wateradventurecametoanabrupt

end.TheJerneganswerewhalingintheSouthPacificwhenseveralcrewmembersmutinied（反叛）.

Fortunately,themutinywasstoppedbeforeanyonegotkilled.Herparentsweretenified.They

decidedthatawhaleshipwasnoplaceforchildren.Laura,Prescott,andMrs.Jemeganheaded

straightbacktotheUnitedStatesonapassengership,andCaptainJernegancontinuedhiswhaling

voyage.

Thisera,oftencalledthegoldenageofwhaling,wasoverinthelatenineteenthcentury.Yet

onegirfsdiaryhashelpedtoensurethatthischapterinAmerica'sseafaringhistorywillnotbe

forgotten.

24.WhydidCaptainJemegantakehisfamilyoutonawhalehunt?

A.Toexperiencethepleasantlifeatsea.

B.Tospendanicevacationwithhisfamily.

C.Toavoidalongseparationfromhisfamily.

D.Tofollowinthefootstepsofothercaptains.

25.Whatcanwelearnaboutprocessingthehuntedwhales?

A.Lauraofferedhelptothework.

B.Itwasveryhardanddirtywork.

C.Itstartedfromboilingtheblubber.

D.Theworkerscouldn'tstandtheheatandbadsmell.

26.WhydidCaptainJemegansendhiswifeandchildrenhome?

A.Heworriedabouttheirsafety.

B.Laurahadnofriendsonhisship.

C.Therehappenedtobeapassengership.

D.Theyhadbeenawayfromhometoolong.

27.WhatcanweinferfromLaura'sdairy?

A.Herfatherstoppedwhalingafterthemutiny.

B.Huntingwhaleswaschallengingbutrewarding.

C.Shethoughtdeep-wateradventureswereboring.

D.The20thcenturywasthegoldenageofwhaling.

【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B

【解析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了美國(guó)歷史上的捕鯨黃金期時(shí)，一位叫做Jemegan的船長(zhǎng)

帶著家人出海捕鯨，船長(zhǎng)女兒LauraJernegan通過(guò)日記記錄下來(lái)的見(jiàn)聞經(jīng)歷。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Unwillingtobeseparatedfromhisfamilyforthreetofour

yearswhilehemadeoceanvoyagesthousandsofmilesfromhome,CaptainJernegantookthem

withhimtoshareintheadventure一andthedanger-oflifeatsea."（,杰尼根船長(zhǎng)在離家數(shù)千英

里的海上航行期間，他不愿與家人分開(kāi)三到四年，于是他帶著家人一起分享海上生活的冒險(xiǎn)

和危險(xiǎn)。），可知船長(zhǎng)不想和家人分開(kāi)太久，所以把家人都帶到了船上。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Afterthrowingpiecesofblubberintolargepots,twomen

would"getinthepotsandsquish（擠）outtheblubber,MLaurawrote."（在把鯨脂碎片扔進(jìn)大盆后,

兩人會(huì)進(jìn)入大盆里去擠壓鯨脂，”勞拉說(shuō)。）以及第六段“Nowcamethehot,smoky,andsmelly

part."（現(xiàn)在到了熱氣熏人，煙霧繚繞，臭氣熏天的工作了可知這份工作又臟又累。故

選B項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“TheJemeganswerewhalingintheSouthPacificwhen

severalcrewmembersmutinied（反叛）（Jemegans在南太平洋捕鯨時(shí)，幾個(gè)船員發(fā)動(dòng)反叛。）

以及“Herparentswereterrified.Theydecidedthatawhaleshipwasnoplaceforchildren.（她的

父母非常害怕。他們都一致認(rèn)為捕鯨船不是孩子該待的地方。），可知船長(zhǎng)遇到了船員反叛，

認(rèn)為孩子在船長(zhǎng)不安全，所以就把家人都送回家。故選A項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文所述捕鯨工作是既辛苦又骯臟，而且在南太平洋捕鯨時(shí)，船長(zhǎng)還

遭遇了船員叛變以及倒數(shù)第三段“Onehugewhaleproducedenoughoiltofillseventy-five

barrels,shenotedindisbelief.WhentheJernegansreturnedhome,theoilwouldbesoldforthe

bestpricepossible"（她非常難以置信地寫(xiě)到，一條巨大的鯨魚(yú)產(chǎn)出的石油足夠裝滿(mǎn)75桶。

當(dāng)杰尼根一家返回家鄉(xiāng)時(shí)，石油會(huì)以最好的價(jià)格出售°）,可知捕鯨很辛苦，但是回報(bào)也是很

豐盛的。故選B項(xiàng)。

Whendidyoulastwritealetter?Properlywriteon——byhand?Inadigitalworld,where

sendingatextoremailisfarmoreconvenientthanusingsnailmail,isthewritingonthewallfor

traditionalpenandpaper?Well,somepeopleclaimthatwritingstillhasmanybenefits,somaybe

it'snottimetoditchyourballpoint（圓珠筆）orfountainpen（鋼筆）yet.

Thesedays,whenpeoplerequestthingsinwriting,atyped,electronicdocumentwillbe

accepted.Doingthisonacomputermeansitcouldbesaved,edited,copiedandsentviaemail.But

craftingahandwritingdocumentisunique:Itrequiresplanningandthought,and,aswellas

practisingyourhandwriting,ithelpsyoutorememberspellingandpunctuation.

Someexpertsbelieveyourbrainbenefitsfromusingold-fashionedpenandpaper.Thisis

particularlyrelevantforstudents,wheretypingnotesintoalaptopisthoughttolackthe"tactile

feedback"（觸覺(jué)反饋）tothebrainthatcontactbetweenpenandpaperdocs.BBCWorklifewebsite

quotesHettyRoessinghfromtheUniversityofCalgary,whosaysthat"takingnotesbyhand

involvescognitive（認(rèn)知的）engagementinsummarizing,adapting,organizing,conceptand

vocabularymapping.Othersagreethathandwritingmayboostfinemotorskillsinyourhandsand

fingers.

Thereareeverydaybenefitstousingpenandpapertoo.Scribbling（涂狗）notes,shoppinglists

ormessagesonthebackofanenvelopecanstillbeuseful,quickandportable.Butputtingpento

paperinalettertoafriendorlovedonecanprobablyhavethemostimpact.Penpalwriter

KatherineMollertoldtheBBC:"Inaworldwhereitissoeasytohoponlinetoemailortosenda

fasttext,itissopersonalandsoprecioustoknowsomeonechosetoturnoffthevirtualworldto

spendsometimewithyou.”

So,whiledigitalskillsremainimportant,don'twriteoffyourpensandpencils

yet-especiallyifyoursmartphone,tabletorlaptoprunsoutofpower!

28.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordMditch"meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Write.B.Abandon.

C.Save.D.Choose.

29.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoemphasizeinParagraph2?

A.Thepopularityofelectronicdocuments.

B.Theconvenienceofelectronicdocuments.

C.Thespecialfeaturesofhandwrittendocuments.

D.Thebasicrequirementsofhandwrittendocuments.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebenefitofwritingbyhand?

A.Itfullydevelopsyourhandmuscles.

B.Ithelpsyoutopractiseyourhandwriting.

C.Itstrengthensthebondbetweenpenandpaper.

D.Itsharpensyourcomprehensivecognitiveabilities.

31.WhatcanweinferfromKatherineMollefswords?

A.Itisnecessaryforustoturnoffthevirtualworld.

B.Scribblingnotesshouldbepractisedinourdailylife.

C?Usingpaperandpenhasthegreatestimpactonourdailylife.

D.Writingaletterbyhandcanbeatouchingandvaluableexperience.

【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.D

【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一些專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為用手書(shū)寫(xiě)在很多方面對(duì)人們有好處。因此雖然數(shù)字

技能很重要，但不要放棄你的筆。

28.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線部分所在句子“Well,somepeopleclaimthatwritingstillhasmany

benefits,somaybeit'snottimetoditchyourballpoint（圓珠筆）orfountainpen（鋼筆）yet.（好吧，

有些人聲稱(chēng)寫(xiě)作仍然有很多好處，所以也許現(xiàn)在還不是ditch你的圓珠筆或鋼筆的時(shí)候）”

可知，一些人認(rèn)為用手寫(xiě)東西有很多好處。因此推知，現(xiàn)在可能還不是放棄你的圓珠筆或鋼

筆的時(shí)候，即劃線詞意為“放棄”，與abandon同義。故選B。

29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Butcraftingahandwritingdocumentisunique:Itrequires

planningandthought,and,aswellaspractisingyourhandwriting,ithelpsyoutoremember

spellingandpunctuation.（但是完成手寫(xiě)文件是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的：它需要計(jì)劃和思考，而且，除

了練習(xí)你的書(shū)寫(xiě)，它還幫助你記住拼寫(xiě)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)）”推知，第二段旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)手寫(xiě)文件的特

點(diǎn)。故選C。

30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“BBCWorklifewebsitequotesHettyRoessinghfromthe

UniversityofCalgary,whosaysthat"takingnotesbyhandinvolvescognitive（認(rèn)知的）engagement

insummarizing,adapting,organizing,conceptandvocabularymapping.（英國(guó)廣播公司

WorkLoad網(wǎng)站援引卡爾加里大學(xué)的HettyRoessingh的話，他說(shuō)“用手記筆記包括在總結(jié)、

適應(yīng)、組織、概念和詞匯映射方面的認(rèn)知參與嗎”可知，手寫(xiě)有助于提高你的綜合認(rèn)知能力。

故選D。

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“PenpalwriterKatherineMollertoldtheBBC:nInaworld

whereitissoeasytohoponlinetoemailortosendafasttext,itissopersonalandsopreciousto

knowsomeonechosetoturnoffthevirtualworldtospendsometimewithyou."（筆友作家凱瑟

琳?莫勒告訴英國(guó)廣播公司說(shuō):“在一個(gè)人們很容易上網(wǎng)發(fā)電子郵件或快速短信的世界里，知道

有人愿意關(guān)掉虛擬世界和你共度時(shí)光是一件非常私人、非常珍貴的事情?！埃蓖浦?，手寫(xiě)一

封信是一次感人而寶貴的經(jīng)歷，因?yàn)檫@體現(xiàn)了寫(xiě)信人對(duì)收信人的關(guān)心。故選D。

Recently,manyclimatechangecampaignsandorganizationshavemarketedthemselvesusing

imagesofpolarbearslosingtheirhabitat.Thishasledmanypeopletoviewthepolarbearasthe

globalicon（象征物）forourclimatecrisis.

Thepolarbearhasbecomesowidespreadbecauseitdoesanexcellentjobofplayingonan

audience'semotionsandconvincingthemthatthereisanurgentproblemonEarth.Theimageryof

apolarbearisalsomuchmoreattractivethanascientificgraph（圖表）orchartofincreasingsea

levelsorextremeweathereventoccurrences.

However,usingpolarbearsastheonlyiconofourchangingclimateisflawed（有錯(cuò)的）.For

one,itonlyrepresentsoneeffectofclimatechange,globalwarming,andnotclimatechangeitself.

Itneglectstoaddressotheraspectssuchasextremeweatherevents,oceanacidification,etc.While

globalwarmingisanimportantimpactofclimatechange,theotheraspectsneedtobe

communicatedaswellsinceclimatechangemaynotevencausewarmingincertainpartsofthe

world-itcouldleadtoseveresnowstormsorcolderwintersinstead.Thus,communicatingthese

otherelementsisvitalbecauseitcanreducemuchofthemisinformationsurroundingourclimate

andgivestheaudienceamorecomprehensiveunderstandingofourplanet.

Moreover,usingpolarbearsisproblematicbecausemostpeopledonotliveanywherenear

polarbearhabitat.Thismakespolarbearsfeelfarremovedfromourownpersonalreality-thus

makingclimatechangefeelfarremovedfromourlives.Sinceclimatechangeisanythingbuta

distantphenomenon,asymbolthatcommunicatesthewaysinwhichtheclimatecrisisaffects

humanscouldbemoreconvincingandpushmorepeopletoact.

Eventhoughusingthepolarbearastheiconofclimatechangeislimitedinconveyingthe

fullscopeofourclimatecrisis,itcanactasanagentofopeninguptheconversationabout

environmentalissuesandinspiringviewerstodivedeeperintolearningaboutclimatechange.

32.Whyarepolarbearspreferredasmarketingimages?

A.Theirimageryismoreconvincing.

B.Theyarelikelytolosetheirhabitats.

C.Theyareuniquevictimsoftheclimatecrisis.

D?Thedataonthemoftenappearinscientificgraphs.

33.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?

A.Polarbearsarctheonlyindicatorofclimatechange.

B.Climatechangeisboundtoresultinglobalwarming.

C?Allelementsofclimatechangehavebeencommunicatedtothepublic.

D?Usingpolarbearsastheonlyiconofclimatechangewillcausesomeproblems.

34.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordHThisnrefertoinParagraph4?

A.Failingtounderstandourplanet.

B.Refusingtotakeimmediateaction.

C.Livingapartfrompolarbearhabitat.

D.Usingpolarbearstoexplainclimatechange.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Theoccurrenceofclimatechange

B.Thepossibleimpactofclimatechange

C.Thedangeroussymbolofpolarbears

D.Theimportanceofprotectingpolarbears

【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.C

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。最近，許多氣候變化運(yùn)動(dòng)和組織利用北極熊失去棲息地的圖像

來(lái)宣傳自己。這使得許多人將北極熊視為氣候危機(jī)的全球標(biāo)志。雖然用北極熊作為氣候變化

的標(biāo)志，在傳達(dá)我們的氣候危機(jī)的全面范圍上是有限的，但它可以作為一個(gè)媒介，能夠開(kāi)啟

關(guān)于環(huán)境問(wèn)題的對(duì)話，并激勵(lì)觀眾深入了解氣候變化。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Theimageryofapolarbearisalsomuchmoreattractive

thanascientificgraph（圖表）orchartofincreasingsealevelsorextremeweatherevent

occurrences^北極熊的形象也比海平面上升或極端天氣事件發(fā)生的科學(xué)圖表或統(tǒng)計(jì)圖更有

吸引力。廣可知北極熊的形象比其他科學(xué)圖表更加有吸引力，容易使人信服，所以人們喜歡

把北極熊作為營(yíng)銷(xiāo)形象。故選A。

33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的首句“However,usingpolarbearsastheonlyiconofourchanging

climateisflawed（有錯(cuò)的）（然而，用北極熊作為氣候變化的唯一標(biāo)志是有缺陷的）.”及段落其

他內(nèi)容的分析可推知把北極熊作為氣候的唯一標(biāo)志是有缺陷的，可能會(huì)引起一些問(wèn)題。故選

Do

34.詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線詞是指示代詞，指代前文的內(nèi)容，前文是“Moreover,usingpolarbearsis

problematicbecausemostpeopledonotliveanywherenearpolarbearhabitat.（此夕卜，使用北極

熊也是有問(wèn)題的，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人都不住在北極熊棲息地附近。）”，由此可知this指大多數(shù)人

都不住在北極熊棲息地附近的這種現(xiàn)象。故選C。

35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Eventhoughusingthepolarbearastheiconofclimate

changeislimitedinconveyingthefullscopeofourclimatecrisis,itcanactasanagentofopening

uptheconversationaboutenvironmentalissuesandinspiringviewerstodivedeeperintolearning

aboutclimatechange.（雖然用北極熊作為氣候變化的標(biāo)志，在傳達(dá)我們的氣候危機(jī)的全面范

圍上是有限的，但它可以作為一個(gè)媒介，能夠開(kāi)啟關(guān)于環(huán)境問(wèn)題的對(duì)話，并激勵(lì)觀眾深入了

解氣候變化。戶(hù)可知文章主要講北極熊作為氣候危機(jī)變化的標(biāo)志，雖然有缺陷，但能吸引人

們關(guān)注其后變化。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知選項(xiàng)C.Thedangeroussymbolofpolarbears（北極熊的危險(xiǎn)氣

候象征）概括較為全面。故選C。

閱讀選擇【江蘇省鹽城市2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中】

Graffiti

Haveyoueverwrittenanythingonawall?It'snothingnew,andforthousandsofyears

humanshavebeenwritingmessagesonwalls,bridges,andbuildingsasameansofexpressing

themselves.

AncientGraffiti

Someofthefirstgraffitiartistswerethe

Vikings.Youcanreadsomeataprehistoricsite

inScotland.TheVikingsbrokeintotheburial

siteabout800yearsago,hopingtofind

treasure.Unfortunately,therewasn'tany;

however,thecavewasagoodplacetoshelter

fromtheterriblestormthatnight,wherethe

Vikingsleftmessagesonthewallstopassthe

time.Interestingly,manyofthethingsthey

wrotearetypicalofmodem-daygraffiti,for

example"Benediktmadethiscross.^^

PoliticalGraffiti

Attimes,graffitiisusedtomakepolitical

statements.DuringWorldII,peoplein

occupiedHollandpaintedorangevictory"V"

signsonwallsinmajortowns.Here'sanother

example:"Nomorewars!”

AmericanGraffiti

Duringthe1970sanewtypeofgraffiti

becamepopularintheStates:tagging（標(biāo)記）.

Bandsofyoungstersslippedawayintothe

streetsatnightwithcansofpaintandlefttheir

tagsonasmanywallsaspossible.Somepeople

seethisformofgraffitiasanexampleofurban

art;othersseeitasanexampleofurban

decline.

BritishGraffiti

InBritain,oneofthemostpopularforms

ofgraffitiisknownas"toiletgraffiti”,whichis

commononthewallsofpublictoiletsallover

thecountry.Thegraffitioftenconsistsofa

funnyorrudecomment.Occasionallyitwillbe

aresponsetoanotherpieceofgraffiti,orat

otherlimesitwillbeapoliticalcomment.

21.WhydidtheVikingsleavemessagesattheprehistoricsite?

A.Torelievetheirboredom.B.Tocauseasenseofmystery.

C.Todisplaytheirstrength.D.Toshowtheirdisappointment.

22.Asfarastheauthor'sconcerned,itisbelievedthat.

A.theVikingscreatedtheveryfirstgraffiti

B.politicalgraffitiresultedinmoreconflicts

C?thereremainsomeargumentsabouttagging

D.rudecommentsarenotallowedonwalls

23.Inwhichofthefollowingtypescanyoucommunicateinothers7absence?

A.AncientGraffiti.B.PoliticalGraffiti.

C.AmericanGraffiti.D.BritishGraffiti.

【答案】21.A22.C23.D

【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了世界各地形形色色的涂鴉藝術(shù)。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AncientGraffiti部分“however,thecavewasagoodplacetoshelterfrom

theterriblestormthatnight,wheretheVikingsleftmessagesonthewallstopassthetime.（然而，

這個(gè)洞穴是躲避那天晚上可怕的暴風(fēng)雨的好地方，維京人在墻上留下了信息來(lái)打發(fā)時(shí)間）”

可知，維京人在蘇格蘭史前遺址上的涂鴉是為了打發(fā)時(shí)間，緩解他們的無(wú)聊。故選A項(xiàng)。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AmericanGraffiti部分“Duringthe1970sanewtypeofgraffitibecame

popularintheStates:tagging（20世紀(jì)70年代，一種新型的涂鴉在美國(guó)流行起來(lái)：標(biāo)簽）”和

“Somepeopleseethisformofgraffitiasanexampleofurbanart;othersseeitasanexampleof

urbandecline.（有些人把這種形式的涂鴉視為城市藝術(shù)的一個(gè)例子；其他人則認(rèn)為這是城市衰

落的一個(gè)例子戶(hù)可知，在作者看來(lái)，對(duì)于tagging這種涂鴉，人們是有爭(zhēng)議的。故選C項(xiàng)。

23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BritishGraffiti部分“InBritain,oneofthemostpopularformsofgraffitiis

knownas'toiletgraffiti，（在英國(guó)，最流行的涂鴉形式之一就是“廁所涂鴉和"Occasionallyit

willbearesponsetoanotherpieceofgraffiti,oratothertimesitwillbeapoliticalcomment.（1^

爾它會(huì)是對(duì)另一幅涂鴉的回應(yīng)，或者在其他時(shí)候它會(huì)是一種政治評(píng)論）”可知，在英國(guó)，人們

可以用涂鴉來(lái)回應(yīng)另一幅涂鴉，這可以看作是一種當(dāng)事人不在場(chǎng)的交流。故選D項(xiàng)。

“Haveyoucheckedtheoilinthecar?”myfatherusedtosaytome,hisversionof

“Hello,hopeyouarewell.^^Sometimesourphonecallswouldbeginwithaninquiryabouttheoil

andendwithoneabouttheoil.

Fathershavealotoflovetogive,butit'softensuppliedthroughthemediumofpractical

advice.Inmyexperience:Ifsmostlyaboutyourmotorvehicle.

Mystudentcar-anoldgreenToyotaboughtfor$500-wasthevehicleforwhichmyfather

carvedhispaternalaffections（父愛(ài)）.Ibetit'salwaysbeenso.BackinancientRome,thefather

wouldtestthesononthestateofhiscarriage.

Whycan'tfathersjustsay“Iloveyou"or"It'sgreattoseeyou"?Thepointis:Youjust

havetotranslatefromthelanguagethatisFatherlish.Listencloselyenoughandthephraselove

youcanbeheardintheslightlylengthier“IcouldcomearoundSaturdayandreplacetheseal（密

封圈）aroundthebaseofyourtoiletbecauseIassumethatthingisgettingreallysmelly.^^

Theaffectionatephrase“Youmademylifebetterfromthemomentyouwereborn,,maybe

rarelyheard,butthereisthemorecommon"I'llholdtheladderwhileyougettheleavesoffthe

roof.”

WhenIwas17,1wentonmyfirstroadtripinthatToyota.Myfatherstoodonthecomer.

''Highwaysaredangerous,hesaid,“sodon'ttryovertakinganythingfasterthanahorseand

carriage.Andtakeabreakeverytwohours.Andeverytimeyoustopfbrgas,youreallyshould

checktheAtthetimewethoughthisspeechwasprettyfunnyandwouldrepeat

“horse-and-carriage“everytimeIspeduptoovertakesomeotherspeedingvehicle.

Dad'slonggonenow.Butafteralltheseyears,IrealizethathadIownedacopyofthe

Fatherlish-to-Englishdictionary,TdhaveunderstoodthatthespeechmyfriendandIsoignored

wassimplydad'sattemptataffection.

24.Accordingtotheauthor,atypicalfather^greetingsmaystartwith"

A.Lookwhoitis!B.EverythingOK?

C.Hi,sweetheart!D.How'stheleakintheceiling?

25.Whatdidtheauthor'soldToyotameantohisfather?

A.Asymbolofhisson'sadmiration.

B.Amediumforhispaternallove.

C.Asignofamodernizedlifestyle.

D.Aturningpointinthefamilylife.

26.WhydoestheauthormentioncertaindailyphrasesinParagraphs4and5?

A.Toshowthefatherlish'sinfluenceonkids.

B.Toillustrateadad'slovingconcernforkids.

C.Toprovetheusefulnessofadad'sgreetings.

D.Tocomparedifferentversionsoffatherlish.

27.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SpeakingFluentFatherlishB.RememberingVeryMoments

C.DisplayingParentalLoveD.GivingPracticalAdvice

【答案］24.D25.B26.B27.A

【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和父親之間沒(méi)有太多直白表達(dá)愛(ài)意的話語(yǔ)，大多

都是圍繞著汽車(chē)展開(kāi)的“父式話術(shù)”，而這些都在父親逝去后讓作者無(wú)比懷念。

24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句"Sometimesourphonecallswouldbeginwithaninquiry

abouttheoilandendwithoneabouttheoil.（有時(shí)我們的打電話會(huì)以質(zhì)詢(xún)汽油情況開(kāi)始，又以同

一話題結(jié)束）”以及第二段第一句"Fathershavealotoflovetogive,butifsoftensupplied

throughthemediumofpracticaladvice.（父親們有很多愛(ài)，但通常都會(huì)通過(guò)給出實(shí)用的建議來(lái)

表達(dá)）“可知，典型的父親式問(wèn)候一般都和實(shí)際生活、實(shí)用建議掛鉤，并不會(huì)直接表達(dá)出來(lái)，

只有D選項(xiàng)“天花板漏水怎么樣了？”符合這一特點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Mystudentcar-anoldgreenToyotaboughtfor

$500—wasthevehicleforwhichmyfathercarvedhispaternalaffections（父愛(ài)）.（我的學(xué)生車(chē)

―一輛價(jià)值500美元的綠色舊豐田——正是我父親將其父愛(ài)刻在上面的汽車(chē)）''可知，作者

的父親就是通過(guò)這輛豐田車(chē)來(lái)表達(dá)自己的父愛(ài)，與B選項(xiàng)描述相符。故選B項(xiàng)。

26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句"Whycan'tfathersjustsay"Iloveyou"or"It'sgreattosee

you”?Thepointis:YoujusthavetotranslatefromthelanguagethatisFatherlish.（為什么父親

們不能就直接說(shuō)“我愛(ài)你”或者“見(jiàn)到你太好了"？關(guān)鍵在于：你只是得把“父式”語(yǔ)言翻譯一

下）''可知，作者想表達(dá)的是父親并不是不會(huì)表達(dá)父愛(ài)，只是方式、話術(shù)比較特殊，第四段和

第五段的內(nèi)容都是列舉父親的一些日常發(fā)言，來(lái)說(shuō)明他們是如何關(guān)愛(ài)孩子們的。故選B項(xiàng)。

27.主旨大意題?？傆[全文，文章講述了作者的父親表達(dá)關(guān)愛(ài)的“父式語(yǔ)言”，也就是從不直

接表達(dá)，都是通過(guò)對(duì)生活的關(guān)心和建議表達(dá)出來(lái)的，A選項(xiàng)“講流利的父式語(yǔ)言”中，F(xiàn)atherlish

是參考English、Polish等詞衍生的詞匯，表示“父親的語(yǔ)言”，與文章內(nèi)容相符，適合作為標(biāo)

題。故選A項(xiàng)。

Whatkindofpeoplecanbecomescientists?Whenagroupofresearchersposedthat

questiontoninth-andlOth-graders,almosteverystudentgavesuchresponsesas“Peoplewho

workh