定語從句講解

定語從句一、概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。如：Iwanttomarryarichman.定語Iwanttomarryamanwhoistall,richandhandsome.（從句謂語和先行詞一致）先行詞定語從句定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞；定語從句用關(guān)系詞（__________________________）來引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞放在先行詞與定語從句之間起連接作用，同時(shí)又作從句中的一個(gè)成分。1)關(guān)系代詞：______________________________________2)關(guān)系副詞：______________________________________二、關(guān)系詞的用法：（一）關(guān)系代詞的用法：1)who,whom,that這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語或賓語。例如：Heisthemanwho/thatwantstomarryme.他就是那個(gè)想娶我的人。(who/that在從句中作主語)Heisthemanwhom/thatIwanttomarry.他就是我想嫁的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)合并：Thegirlismysister.Thegirlisstandingonthestage._______________________________________________________Idon’tknowtheboy.Theboyisinblueshirt._______________________________________________________Mybrotherlikesthesingers.Thesingerswritetheirownmusic._______________________________________________________翻譯：1那就是教我們英語的老師。______________________________________2你正在等的教授已經(jīng)來了。______________________________________2)whose用來指人或物，(只用作定語,若指物，可以同ofwhich互換，放在從句主語后面)。Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.他有一個(gè)朋友的父親是醫(yī)生。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.=Pleasepassmethebookthecoverofwhichisgreen.合并：1Heboughtadress.Thedress’spriceis100pounds.____________________________________________________2Hehasafriend.Thefriend’smotherisasinger._____________________________________________________翻譯：1)那個(gè)門被打破的教室不久會(huì)被修復(fù)。______________________________________________3)which,that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如：Footballisagamewhich/thatisfavoredbymostboys.足球是大多數(shù)男孩都喜歡的游戲。(which/that在句中作主語)Thisisthepen(which/that)heboughtyesterday.這是他昨天剛買的鋼筆。(which/that在句中作賓語)合并：Ican’tfindthebook.Iboughtabookyesterday.________________________________________________Thecatismine.Thecatisplayingwithaball.____________________________________________________翻譯：1這是他昨天買的鋼筆。____________________________________2昨天我收到了一封來自澳大利亞的信。____________________________________3他喜歡外國作家寫的書。____________________________________4他們昨晚看的電影一點(diǎn)意思也沒有。____________________________________（二）關(guān)系副詞的用法：1．when指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語他的先行詞通常有：time,day,morning,night,week,yearShestillremembersthedaywhen(=)heproposed.她還記得他求婚的那一天。翻譯：1）我仍然記得爺爺去世的那一天。______________________________________2）我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了我們在一起的那些日子。______________________________________3）1949年10月1日是中華人民共和國成立的日子。______________________________________2．where指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。它的先行詞通常有：place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,countryThisisthehotelwhere(=)theyarestaying.Thisisafactorywhere(=)handbagsaremade.翻譯：1)惠州是我出生的地方。6.Theyworkinafactory______makesradioparts.7.Theyworkinafactory______radiopartsaremade.8.Thisisthevisionphonethrough______wecanseeandtalktoourfriends.9.Shelivesinasmallvillage,______isonlythreemilesfromhere.10.SheisgoingtospendthesummerholidaysinShanghai,______shehassomefriends.11.Thesungivestheearthlightandheat,______isveryimportanttothelivingthings.12.Hewasoftenlate,______madehisteacherveryangry.13.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools______hehadvisited.在下列定語從句中，填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~和關(guān)系代詞1.Iwassurprisedattheway________hetreatedtheoldman.2.Hebuiltatelescope________hecouldstudytheskies.3.Thewoman,________Ilearnedthenews,isanurse.4.Heboughtabookyesterday,theauthor________isateacher.5.Shehasthreechildren,all_________areatschool.6.Thedesk________JackisleaningisJohn’s.7.Oursisabeautifulschool,________weareproud.8.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’taperson________shecouldturnforhelp.9.Theage_______childrencangotoschoolisseven.10.Hisbike________hewenttoworkwasstolenlastnight.單項(xiàng)選擇題1.I’veneverbeentoBeijing,butit’stheplace________.A.thatIwanttovisitmostB.inwhichI’dliketovisitC.whereI’dliketovisitD.Imostwanttovisit2.Thehours______thechildrenspendintheirone-wayrelationshipwithtelevisionpeopleundoubtedlyaffecttheirrelationshipwithrealpeople.A.inwhichB.onwhichC.whenD.that3.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestchildthanshewastotheothers,______,ofcourse,madetheothersjealous.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which4.Thegoal_____hehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.A.afterwhichB.forwhichC.withwhichD.atwhich5.Asurveywascarriedoutonthedeathrateofnew-bornbabiesinthatregion,_____wassurprising.A.asresultsB.whichresultsC.theresultofitD.theresultofwhich6.Hecamebacklate,_______whichtimealltheguestshadalreadyleft.A.atB.afterC.byD.during7.Aninvestigationwasmadeintotheaccident,_______fiftypeoplewerekilled.A.inwhichB.whereC.whenD.forthat8.Itwasn’tsuchagooddinner_____shehadpromisedus.A.thatB.asC.whichD.what9._______mightbeexpected,theresponsetothequestionwasverymixed.A.AsB.ThatC.ItD.What10.______isknowntotheworld,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It11.Theresidents,_______hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.A.alltheirhomesB.allwhosehomesC.allofwhosehomesD.alloftheirhomes12.Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsper