高中定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)圖解

①在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中.Shelostthegame,whichdepressedhergreatly.②關(guān)系詞置于介詞之后,作賓語(yǔ).ThepenwithwhichyouwriteisJack’s.用which的情況③先行詞是that或定語(yǔ)從句中套定語(yǔ)從句,一個(gè)關(guān)系詞用that,另一個(gè)用which.LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichisnewlyopentous.①先行詞是不定代詞如all,little,few,much,⒊先行詞是物anything,everything,nothing,none,noone等that/whichShedidallthatshecouldtohelpus.的區(qū)別②先行詞被all,every,no,some,little,much,theonly,thevery,theright等所修飾時(shí)ThisistheverybookthatIwant.③先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeopleand用that的情況theplacesthatimpressedhermost.④先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.ThisisthefirstfilmthatI’veseensinceIcamehere.⑤定語(yǔ)從句中套定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系詞以用which,另外一個(gè)用thatHebuiltafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.⑥當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞which,另一個(gè)用thatWhoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?①As既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句也可以用于非限定性定句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)等。常用于以下句型當(dāng)中★Such/so…..as….像…..一樣thesame….as…和…...同樣的Acomputerissousefulamachineaswecanuseeveryday.⒋As引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)Heisnotthesamemanashewas.從句的用法②引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的看法,態(tài)度,評(píng)論等。此時(shí)譯為“正如，像”等?？梢苑旁诰涫祝渲谢蚓淠?。AsIremember,therewereanetbarhere.TaiwanisaninseparablepartofChina,asisknowntoall.★thesameas...和thesamethat...引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別ThisisthesamebikethatIlostyesterday.(同一事物)ThisisthesamebikeasIlostyesterday.（同類(lèi)事物）①When在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，先行詞為表示時(shí)間的time,day等IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.（when=onwhich）②Where在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，先行詞為表地點(diǎn)的place,spot等Canyoutellmetheofficewhereheworks?(where=inwhich)③Why在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)，先行詞只有reason.⒌關(guān)系副詞Idon’twanttolistentoanyreasonwhyyouwereabsent.(why=forwhich)的運(yùn)用★關(guān)系副詞=相應(yīng)的介詞+關(guān)系代詞★Where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句還可以修飾抽象空間的名詞如case(情形)，situation,position(位置),stage(階段)，point（地步）等Whatarethesituationswherebodylanguageistheonlyformofcommunication?在哪些情況下身體語(yǔ)言是唯一的溝通方式（此時(shí)where=inwhich）①way在定語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的三種引導(dǎo)方式that/inwhich/不填Thewayinwhich/that/不填heexplainsthesentencetousisquitesimple.比較:Thewaywhich/that/不填hetoldtouswasquitesimple（★way在定語(yǔ)中作tell的賓語(yǔ)）time表示“次數(shù)”時(shí)，用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句⒍幾個(gè)特殊②先行詞timeThisisthefirsttimethatthepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.的先行詞time作“一段時(shí)間”講時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞whenThiswasthetimewhentherewerenoradios,notelephonesornoTVsets.（★此時(shí)when=duringwhich在..期間）③先行詞reason當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的4種引導(dǎo)方式why/forwhich/that/不填Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhich/that/不填hecannotcomehere.比較：Isthisthereasonthat/which/不填heexplainedtousforhisabsencefromtheconference.（★reason在定語(yǔ)從句中做explain的賓語(yǔ)）★該結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系代詞只有兩種即介詞+which（指物）介詞+whom（指人）★該結(jié)構(gòu)介詞的選用原則：①根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配ThisisthebookonwhichIspent$8.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid$8.②根據(jù)現(xiàn)行詞的搭配習(xí)慣IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedthere.IrememberthedayonwhichIgraduatedfromuniversity.⒎介詞+關(guān)系代詞③根據(jù)整個(gè)句子所表達(dá)的意思來(lái)決定Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecan’tliveiscalledoxygen.④英語(yǔ)中為了強(qiáng)調(diào)某一名詞，不定式前面也可以加上關(guān)系代詞。Hereisthemoneywithwhichtobuythepiano.Sheistherightpersononwhomtodepend.注意:Ⅰ如果介詞后移，關(guān)系代詞可以省略Theperson(whom/who/that)youwillwritetoisTodd.Ⅱ有些含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)介詞不能提前如lookfor/after;takecareof;sendfor;hearfrom/of/aboutdealwith等Thisisthebabythatyouwilllookafter.①當(dāng)先行詞是oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，定語(yǔ)從句的位于動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthatdrawlotsofvisitoreveryyear.⒏定語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致②當(dāng)先行詞是theonly+oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式TheGreatWallistheonlyoneofthebuildingsontheearththatisseenfromthemoon.③先行詞如果是整個(gè)句子，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,asisknowntoall.Hehaspassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisesallofus.定語(yǔ)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為–ing或-ed形式⒐定語(yǔ)從句的Thegirl(whois)dancingnowjustreturnedfromTaiwang.轉(zhuǎn)化Ilovethestories(whichwere)writtenbyHemingway.Theman(whostands)standingthereismyfriend.①判斷從句是否為定語(yǔ)從句（先行詞，關(guān)系詞，定語(yǔ)從句）②準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分(主、賓、表、定、狀)10.定語(yǔ)從句的從而正確選定使用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞解題方法例:Isthisthemuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld？A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.what注意：Ⅰ.關(guān)系代詞whose的用法。Whose在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)。當(dāng)先行詞是人：whose=the+名詞+ofwhom當(dāng)先行詞是物：whose=the+名詞+ofwhichDoyouknowtheboywhoseparents/theparentsofwhomareonholiday?I’dlikearoomwhosewindow/thewindowofwhichfacesthesea.Ⅱ.That引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，名詞性從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別定語(yǔ)從句中的that:關(guān)系代詞，在