大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料專升本英語(yǔ)分類模擬74

［大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料］專升本英語(yǔ)分類模擬74

［大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料］專升本英語(yǔ)分類模擬74

專升本英語(yǔ)分類模擬74

ReadingComprehension

IfhalfofthewaterweretobedrainedfromthePacificOcean,

acuriouskindofsubmarinemountaincalledaguyot（海底平頂

ill）wouldbeexposed.Guyotsarestrangeformationsthat

resemblemushroomstalkswithflattops.Morethansix

hundredandfiftyofthesevolcanicstalkshavebeen

discoveredinthePacificOcean,andafewothershavebeen

discoveredintheAtlanticseaplains.

Itiseasytosupposethattheguyotswereformedby

underwaterlavaspoutsthatpiledupvolcanicdebris（殘?。?/p>

overtheyears,butjusthowtheyacquiredtheircuriouslyflat

topsremainsamystery.Shallow-waterfossilsfound

embedded（植入）inthetopsofsomeguyotssuggestthatat

onetimetheflattopsweremuchnearertheocean'ssurface,

butbeyondthisthereislittlethatscientistscansay.

Oneattempttoaccountfortheflattopssuggeststhatthe

［大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料］專升本英語(yǔ)分類模擬74

oceanlevelswereoncemuchlowerthantheyaretoday;thus

waveactionmighthavesmoothedawaytheoriginalpeaks.

Anothertheoryholdsthattheguyotshaveprobablyalways

flattopsandthattheirweighthaspushedthemslightly

towardtheoceanfloor,causingthemtoslowlysubmerge.But

theseareonlytheories—theguyotsarestillageophysical

puzzle.

1.Thestrangeformationscalledguyotsareactually.

A.underwatervolcanoes

B.volcanicdebris

C.mushroomstalkswithflattops

D.submergedseaplains

答案:B［解析］文章第二段Itiseasytosupposethattheguyots

wereformedbyunderwaterlavaspoutsthatpiledupvolcanic

debris（殘?。﹐vertheyears.可知B正確。

2.Scientistarepuzzledbytheguyots'.

A.mushroomlikeappearance

B.submarinelocation

C.curiouslyflattops

0.origin

答案:C［解析］文章第二段butjusthowtheyacquiredtheir

curiouslyflattopsremainsamystery.文中的mystery即題目中

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的

puzzleo

3.Thediscoveryofshallow-waterfossilsindicatesthatthe

guyotswere.

A.submergedbytheirownweight

B.flattenedbytheactionofwaves

C.notsodeepintheocean

D.formedbyunderwaterlavaspouts

答案:C［解析］文章第二段Shallow-waterfossilsfound

embedded（植入）inthetopsofsomeguyotssuggestthatat

onetimethefiattopsweremuchnearertheocean'ssurface.

即選C。

4.Theguyotsarestillageophysicalpuzzlenowadays

because.

A.noexplanationoftheiroriginhasyetbeenoffered

B.scientistshavenotyetofferedanyexplanationoftheir

shapes

C.theoriesrelatingtotheiroriginsandshapeshaveneverbeen

proved

0.scientistsarenotsuretheoceanlevelshavechanged

答案:C［解析］文章第三段Buttheseareonlytheories—the

guyotsarest川ageophysicalpuzzle.可知兩個(gè)假設(shè)只是理論沒(méi)有

被證實(shí)。

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5.Wecanconcludefromthispassagethat.

A.thereareguyotsineveryoceanoftheworld

B.guyotsareproducedbyviolentvolcanicaction

C.themysteryoftheguyotswillsoonbesolved

D.theguyots'flattopswillremainamysteryforsometime

答案:D［解析］文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)butjusthowtheyacquiredtheir

curiouslyflattopsremainsamystery,butbeyondthisthereis

littlethatscientistscansay.Buttheseareonlytheories—the

故選

guyotsarestillageophysicalpuzzle.Do

WithinfifteenyearsBritainandothernationsshouldbewell

onwiththebuildingofhugeindustrialcomplexesforthe

recyclingofwaste.Thewordrubbishcouldloseitsmeaning

becauseeverythingwhichgoesintothedumps（垃圾堆）would

bemadeintosomethinguseful.Eventhemostdangerousand

unpleasantwasteswouldprovideenergyifnothingelse.

Thelatestprojectistotakeacityofaroundhalfamillion

inhabitantsanddiscoverexactlywhatrawmaterialsgointoit

andwhatgoout.Theaimistofindouthowmuchoftheseraw

materialscouldbeprovidedifaplantforrecyclingwastewere

builtjustoutsidethecity.Thisplantwouldrecyclenotonly

metalsuchassteel,leadandcopper,butalsopaperand

rubberaswell.

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Anothernewprojectisbeingsetuptodiscoverthebest

waysofsortingandseparatingtherubbish.Whenthisproject

iscomplete,therubbishwillbeprocessedlikethis:first,itwill

passthroughsharpmetalbarswhichwilltearopentheplastic

bagsinwhichrubbishisusuallypacked;thenitwillpass

throughapowerfulfantoseparatethelightestelementsfrom

theheavysolids,afterthatgroundersandrollerswillbreakup

everythingthatcanbebroken.Finally,therubbishwillpass

undermagnets（磁鐵），whichwillremovethebitsofironand

steel;therubberandplasticwillthenbesortedoutinthefinal

stage.

Thefirstfull-scalegiantrecyclingplantsare,perhaps,

fifteenyearsaway.Indeed,withthegrowingcostof

transportingrubbishtomoredistantdumps,somebigcities

willbeforcedtobuildtheirownrecyclingplantsbeforelong.

6.Fromthefirstparagraph,wecansee.

A.therewillbenowasteintheworld

B.thewastecannotbereused

C.thewastecanbereused

D.therewillbealotofuselesswasteintheworld

答案:C［解析］文章第一段Thewordrubbishcouldloseits

meaningbecauseeverythingwhichgoesintothedumps（垃圾

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堆）可知選

wouldbemadeintosomethingusefulCo

7.WhatisNOTmentionedasapartoftherecyclingprocess

describedinPara.3?

A.Sharpeningmetalbars.

B.Breakingupwhateverisbreakable.

C.Separatinglightelementsfromtheheavyones.

0.Sortingoutsmallpiecesofmetal.

答案:A［解析］由文章第三段first,itw川passthroughsharpmetal

barswhichwilltearopentheplasticbagsinwhichrubbishis

usuallypacked可知passthroughsharpmetalbars與

sharpeningmetalbars不是一回事。

8.What'sthemainreasonforbigcitiestobuildtheirown

recyclingplants?

A.Togetbigprofitsfromthoseplants.

B.Toprotecttheenvironmentfrompollution.

C.Togetrawmaterialslocally.

D.Todealwithwastesinabetterway.

答案:C［解析］文章第四段Indeed,withthegrowingcostof

transportingrubbishtomoredistantdumps,somebigcities

willbeforcedtobuildtheirownrecyclingplantsbeforelong.

可知運(yùn)送垃圾成本過(guò)高是一些大城市在周邊建造垃圾回收站的原因,

也即建了垃圾回收站就可以就近運(yùn)送垃圾，降低成本。故C正確。

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9.Thefirstfull-scalehugerecyclingplants.

A.willprobablybeinoperationinfifteenyears

B.willprobablytakelessthanfifteenyearstobuild

C.willbebuiltfifteenyearslater

D.begantooperatefifteenyearsago

答案:C［解析］文章第四段中Thefirstfull-scalegiantrecycling

plantsare,perhaps,fifteenyearsaway.在這里away和選項(xiàng)中的

later是同義替換。

10.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.acheapwaytogetenergy

B.newwaysofrecyclingwastes

C.thelocationofrecyclingplants

D.theprotectionofcityenvironment

答案:B［解析］文章開(kāi)頭即是中心。

Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthe

readerandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,to

thetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputsfurther

questions,andsoon.

Formostofthetimethis"conversation"goesonbelow

thelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecome

awareofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,

whenmismatchisoccurringbetweenexpectationsand

［大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料］專升本英語(yǔ)分類模擬74

meaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperiencedour

questioningofthetextcontinuesattheunconsciouslevel.

Differentpeopleconversewithtextdifferently.Somestay

veryclosetothewordsonthepage;otherstakeoff

imaginativelyfromthewords,interpreting,criticizing,

analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindof

comprehensionwhichiswritteninthetext.Thelatter

representshigherlevelsofcomprehension.Thebalance

betweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.

Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointof

viewisequallyimportant,andthatistodonotwithwhatis

readbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisa"process"

conversationasopposedtoa"content"conversation.Itis

concernednotwithmeaningbutwiththestrategies（策略）we

employinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderourabilityto

holdacontentconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywell

developed.Notsoourabilitytoholdaprocessconversation.It

ispreciselythiskindofconversationthatisofimportance

whenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingtomeetthenew

demandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.

11.Readingasakindofconversationbetweenthereader

andthetextbecomesconsciousonlywhen.

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A.thereader'sexpectationsagreewithwhatissaidinthetext

B.thereaderhastroubleunderstandingwhattheauthorsays

C.thereaderasksquestionsandgetsanswers

D.thereaderunderstandsatextverywell

答案：B［解析］文章第二段Formostofthetimethis

"conversation"goesonbelowthelevelofconsciousness.At

times,however,webecomeawareofit.Thisisusuallywhenwe

arerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurring

betweenexpectationsandmeaning.此題的關(guān)鍵是讀出attimes

相當(dāng)于題目中的

when0

12.Atalowerlevelofcomprehension,readerstendto.

A.readatextslowly

B.readwithoutthinkinghard

C.interpretatextintheirownway

0.concentrateonthemeaningofwordsonly

答案:D［解析］文章第三段Somestayveryclosetothewordson

故選

thepage.De

13.A"process"conversationhastodowith.

A.theapplicationofreadingstrategies

B.matchingourexpectationswiththemeaningofatext

C.thedevelopmentofourabilitytocheckthedetails

0.determiningthemainideaofatext

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答案:A［解析］文中第四段Wecallthisa"process"conversation

asopposedtoa"content"conversation.Itisconcernednot

withmeaningbutwiththestrategies（策略）weemployin

這里的關(guān)鍵是讀出指代的是

reading.itprocesso

14.Accordingtothepassage,itisofgreatimportancefor

readersatahigherleveltomaintainabalancebetween.

A.consciousandunconsciouslevelsofcomprehension

B.thereaders'expectationsandthemeaningofatext

C.lowerandhigherlevelsofcomprehension

D.interpretingandcriticizingatext

答案:C［解析］文章第三段Thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsof

comprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,

especiallyforadvancedreaders.這里的advancedreader即是

題目中的

readersatahigherlevel0

15.Ifwewanttodevelopourreadingabilityatanadvanced

level,weshould.

A.learntousedifferentapproachesinreadingdifferenttexts

B.makeourreadingprocessmoreconscious

C.paymoreattentiontothecontentofatext

D.takeacriticalattitudetowardstheauthor'sideas

答案:A［解析］文章最后一段最后一句Itispreciselythiskindof

conversationthatisofimportancewhenweareseekingto

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developourreadingtomeetthenewdemandsbeingplaced

uponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.故A對(duì)。

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocial

sciences,andbothstudyhumanbehavior.However,

psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior;whereas

sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.Psychologydeals

withthepossibleproblemsanindividualmighthaveinsocial

interactionwithotherindividuals,butthemainconcernof

sociologyisthewaysthatdifferentsocietieswithdifferent

culturesdealwitheachother.

Sociologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:

whydoesonesocietyprogressrapidlyandanotherone

remainprimitiveforcenturies?Whatisthemainreasonfor

revolutioninasociety?Whatistheroleofreligionorartina

society?

Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:

whydoesanindividualadapteasilytoachanging

environmentandanotherindividualbecomementally

disturbed?Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?What

roledoesreligionorartplayinanindividual'smentaland

emotionallife?

Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheir

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studyofhumanbehavior.Itisassumedthatbybetter

understandingindividualmotivationandbehavior;morewill

belearnedaboutgroupmotivationandbehavior.Thereverse

isalsoassumed:ifscientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocial

groups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

16.Whatwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.PsychologyandSociology

B.IndividualandGroup

C.HumanBehaviorStudy

D.MainConcernsofSocialSciences

答案:A［解析］文章第一段講了心理學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)的定義及區(qū)別,第二段

重點(diǎn)講社會(huì)學(xué)，第三段重點(diǎn)講心理學(xué),最后一段講兩者之間的合作互

利。故A對(duì)。

17.Whichofthefollowingquestionsistheconcernof

psychology?

A.Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?

B.Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?

C.Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?

D.Whydoesonesocietyprogressmorerapidlythananother?

答案:C［解析］文章第三段Psychologyasksandtriestoanswer

questionslikethese:...Whatarethecausesofantisocial

講的都是心理學(xué)所涉獵的內(nèi)容，所以選、、項(xiàng)所

behavior?CoABD

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述都是社會(huì)學(xué)研究的內(nèi)容。

18.Accordingtotheauthor,.

A.psychologyandsociologybenefitfromeachother's

research

B.toomuchemphasisonpsychologymaycausesocial

problems

C.thestudyofgroupbehavioristheinterestofpsychologists

0.differentsocietieswithdifferentculturescannotgetalong

well

答案:A［解析］由文章的第四段Psychologyandsociologyoften

worktogetherintheirstudyofhumanbehavior...及其后面的內(nèi)

容可知，研究個(gè)體對(duì)團(tuán)體的行為研究有利，而研究團(tuán)體也對(duì)個(gè)體的行

為研究有利。因此選A。

19.Awordwhichcantaketheplaceof"reverse"inthelast

sentenceis.

A.consequence

B.result

C.opposite

0.implication

答案:C［解析］由文章最后一段最后兩句Itisassumedthatby

betterunderstandingindividualmotivationandbehavior,

morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivationandbehavior.

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Thereverseisalsoassumed:ifscientistscanlearnmoreabout

socialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.可知,這

兩句講的是相互對(duì)立的兩個(gè)方面，故reverse前后假設(shè)的條件和結(jié)

果正好相反。故C對(duì)。

20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Bothpsychologyandsociologystudyhumanbehavior.

B.Mentalproblemsshouldbedealtwithbyasociologist.

C.Sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

0.Psychologypaysmoreattentiontoindividualsthanto

groups.

答案:B［解析］文章第一段psychologyisthestudyofindividual

behavior,whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior和

Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividual

mighthaveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals可知A、

C、D正確,mentalproblem是psychology所研究的對(duì)象,故選

Be

Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomething

abouthowcomputerswork,justasweexpectthematleastto

understandthattheinternal-combustionengine（內(nèi)燃機(jī)）has

somethingtodowithburningfuel,expandinggasesand

pistons（活塞）beingdrive.Forpeopleshouldhavesomebasic

ideaofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo.Further;

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studentsmightbehelpedbyacoursethatconsidersthe

computer'simpactonsociety.Butthatisnotwhatismeantby

computerliteracy.Forcomputerliteracyisnotaformof

literacy（讀寫(xiě)能力）；itisatradeskillthatshouldnotbetaught

asaliberalart.

Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowto

programonearetwodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemade

thatthecompetentcitizensoftomorrowshouldfree

themselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.Butthisisquite

differentfromsayingthatalloughttoknowhowtoprogram

one.Leavethattopeoplewhohavechosenprogrammingasa

career;whileprogrammingcanbelotsoffun,andwhileour

societyneedssomepeoplewhoareexpertsatit,thesameis

trueofautorepairandviolin-making.

Learninghowtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,andit

getseasierallthetimeasprogramsbecomemore

"user-friendly".Letusassumethatinthefutureeveryoneis

goingtohavetoknowhowtouseacomputertobea

competentcitizen.Whatdoesthephrase"learningtousea

computer"mean?Itsoundslike"learningtodriveacar",that

is,itsoundsasifthereissomesetofdefiniteskillsthat,once

acquired,enableonetouseacomputer.

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Infact,"learningtouseacomputer"ismuchmorelike

"learningtoplayagame,"butlearningtherulesofonegame

maynothelpyouplayasecondgame,whoserulesmaynotbe

thesame.Thereisnosuchathingasteachingsomeonehow

touseacomputer.Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisor

thatprogramandgenerallythatiseasilyaccomplished.

21.Tobethecompetentcitizensoftomorrow,peopleshould

A.trytolayasolidfoundationincomputerscience

B.beawareofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo

C.learntouseacomputerbyacquiringacertainsetofskills

D.understandthatprogrammingacomputerismoreessential

thanrepairingacar

答案:C［解析］根據(jù)第二段Learninghowtouseacomputerand

learninghowtoprogramonearetwodistinctactivities.Acase

mightbemadethatthecompetentcitizensoftomorrow

shouldfreethemselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.可知C正

確。

22.Inthesecondparagraph"violin-making"ismentionedto

showthat.

A.programmingacomputerisasinterestingasmakingaviolin

B.oursocietyneedsexpertsindifferentfields

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C.violin-makingrequiresasmanyskillsascomputer

programming

D.peoplewhocanuseacomputerdon'tnecessarilyhaveto

knowcomputerprogram

答案:D［解析］thesameistrueofautorepairandviolinmaking.

在這里用autorepair和violin-making分別指代使用電腦和懂得編

程的人。

23.Learningtouseacomputerisgettingeasierallthetime

because.

A.programsarebecominglesscomplicated

B.programsaredesignedtobeconvenienttousers

C.programmingisbecomingeasierandeasier

0.programsarebecomingreadilyavailabletocomputerusers

答案:B［解析］Learninghowtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,

anditgetseasierallthetimeasprogramsbecomemore

"user-friendly".此題的關(guān)鍵是理解"user-friendly"的意思，”對(duì)

用戶友好的，容易使用的"。故選

Be

24.Accordingtotheauthor;thephrase"learningtousea

computer"(Para.3)meanslearning.

A.asetofrules

B.thefundamentalofcomputerscience

C.specificprograms

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0.generalprinciplesofprogramming

答案:C［解析］由文章最后一句Onecanonlyteachpeopletouse

thisorthatprogramandgenerallythatiseasilyaccomplished.

可知選

Co

25.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageis.

A.tostresstheimpactofthecomputeronsociety

B.toexplaintheconceptofcomputerliteracy

C.toillustratetherequirementforbeingcompetentcitizensof

tomorrow

D.toemphasizethatcomputerprogrammingisaninteresting

andchallengingjob

答案:B［解析］通讀全文可知，作者主要講述的是使用計(jì)算機(jī)能力的一

些內(nèi)容4、C、D所述均不正確，只有B項(xiàng)是作者的寫(xiě)作目的所在。

Honeybeescannotlivealone.Theirbodystructureand

instructsequipthemforlifeinacolonyorcommunity,where

theyhaveacomplexsocialorganizationandthevariousduties

aredividedamongtheindividualsaccordingtophysical

fitnessandage.Anindividualworkerbeecannotproduce

itself.Whileitmaycontinuetoliveifforciblyisolatedfromits

mates,itfailstocareforitselfadequately,andsoondies.Most

insectshavetheabilitytohibernateinwinter;butthe

honeybeeseemstohavelostthis.Sinceatlowtemperatures

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thebeewilldie,itmusthavetheabilitytomakeitsown

environment,sofarastemperatureisconcerned.Thismakesa

colonyisnecessarytothebeesinwinter,sothattheymay

collectivelywarmeachother.Efficiency,ifnotnecessarily,

demandsthattheworkofthecolonybedivided,andsucha

divisionoflabortendstoenhancetheneedtomaintainthe

colony.Thephysicalstructureofthehoneybeeisfurther

suitedforthedefenseoftheentirecolonyratherthanforits

owndefense.Thebee'sbarbedstingisusedonlyonceandis

mademoreeffectivebythefactthatitisleftbehindinthe

victim.Withthelossofthesting,however,thebeedies.This

kindofdefensiveweaponisnotofservicetotheindividual,

buttothecommunity.

26.Accordingtothepassage,beesarefittedforcommunal

lifebyvirtueoftheir.

A.flexibilityandinitiative

B.intelligenceandsensitivity

C.independenceandendurance

0.instinctsandform

答案:D［解析］由第一段首句Honeybeescannotlivealone.Their

bodystructureandinstinctsequipthemforlifeillacolonyor

community.可知選D。

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27.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatatonetimebees

hadtheabilityto.

A.increasetheiractivityinlowertemperatures

B.leavecoldclimatesduringwinter

C.remaininactivethroughperiodsofcoldweather

D.constructinsulatedhives

答案:C［解析］從文中第五句Mostinsectshavetheabilityto

hibernateinwinter,butthehoneybeeseemstohavelostthis.

可知昆蟲(chóng)有冬天冬眠的能力，但是蜜蜂可能已經(jīng)失去了這個(gè)能力。推

斷曾經(jīng)蜜蜂可能具有這個(gè)能力。故選C。

28.Accordingtothepassage,beesdifferfrommostother

communitiesofinsectsintheirneedto.

A.reproduceinlargenumbers

B.controlthetemperaturewheretheylive

C.dividetheworkoftheircolonies

D.haveacomplexdefensesystem

答案:C［解析］從文中Efficiency,ifnotnecessarily,demandsthat

theworkofthecolonybedivided,andsuchadivisionoflabor

tendstoenhancetheneedtomaintainthecolony可知蜜蜂需

根據(jù)它們工種的不同來(lái)進(jìn)行工作分工，這也是它們與其他昆蟲(chóng)的不同

之處，故選

Co

29.Accordingtothepassage,thehoneybee'sstingis

［大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料］專升本英語(yǔ)分類模擬74

particularlyeffectivebecauseit.

A.hasmanypotentialuses

B.cankillseveralvictimsatonce

C.islocatedintherearofthebee'sbody

0.remainswiththebee'svictim

答案:D［解析］從文中Thebee'sbarbedstingisusedonlyonce

andismademoreeffectivebythefactthatitisleftbehindin

thevictim.可知D正確。

30.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitlefor

thepassage?

A.TheCommunalLifeofBees

B.TheStructureoftheBee

C.TheOrganizationofInsectColonies

D.TheLifeoftheSocialInsects

答案:A［解析］根據(jù)文章最后內(nèi)容可知，文章闡述的是蜜蜂的群居生活。

故A對(duì)。

Itisveryinterestingtonotewherethedebateabout

diversity（多樣化）istakingplace.Itistakingplaceprimarilyin

politicalcircles.HereattheCollegeFund,wehavealotof

contactwithtopcorporate（公司的）leaders;noneofthemis

talkingaboutgettingridofthoseinstrumentsthatproduce

diversity.Infact,theysaythatiftheircompaniesareto

［大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料］專升本英語(yǔ)分類模擬74

competeintheglobalvillageandintheglobalmarketplace,

diversityisanimperative.Theyalsosaythattheneedfor

talented,skilledAmericansmeanswehavetoexpandthepool

ofpotentialemployees.Andinlookingatwherebirthrateare

growingandatwherethepopulationisshifting,corporate

Americaunderstandsthatexpandingthepoolmeans

promotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,

morewomen,andmoreimmigrants.Corporateleadersknow

thatifthatdoesn'toccurinoursociety,theywillnothavethe

engineers,thescientists,thelawyers,orthebusiness

managerstheywillneed.

Likewise,Idon'thearpeopleintheacademysaying,"Let's

gobackward.Let'sgobacktothegoodolddays,whenwehad

ameritocracy（不拘一格選人才）"，whichwasnevertrue一we

neverhadameritocracy,althoughwe'vecomeclosertoitin

thelast30years.IrecentlyvisitedagreatlittlecollegeinNew

Yorkwherethecampushasdoubleditsminoritypopulationin

thelastsixyears.ItalkedwithanAfricanAmericanwhohas

beenprofessorthereforalongtime.Andsheremembersthat

whenshefirstjoinedthecommunity,therewerefewerthana

handfulofminoritiesoncampus.Nowallofusfeelthewayis

betterbecauseofthediversity.Sowherewehearthisdebates

［大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料］專升本英語(yǔ)分類模擬74

isprimarilyinpoliticalcirclesandinthemedia—notin

corporateboardroomsoroncollegecampuses.

31.Theword"imperative"(Para.1)mostprobablyrefersto

something.

A.superficial

B.remarkable

C.debatable

D.essential

答案:D［解析］根據(jù)文中具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境可知該詞的意思為"必需的，

不可缺少的"，故選

De

32.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofpeoplestilldifferin

theirviewsondiversity?

A.Minorities.

B.Politicians.

C.Professors.

0.Managers.

答案:B［解析］根據(jù)文中前兩句Itisveryinterestingtonotewhere

thedebateaboutdiversity(多樣化)istakingplace.Itistaking

placeprimarilyinpoliticalcircles.可知對(duì)多樣化的討論多發(fā)生在

政界，所以應(yīng)該是政客談?wù)摰妮^多。故選

Be

33.Highcorporateleadersseemtobeinfavorofpromoting

diversitysoasto.

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A.lowertherateofunemployment

B.Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C.becompetitiveintheworldmarket

D.satisfythedemandofagrowingpopulation

答案:C［解析］根據(jù)文中第一段Infact,theysaythatiftheir

companiesaretocompeteintheglobalvillageandinthe

globalmarketplace,diversityisanimperative.可知公司要在市

場(chǎng)上更具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力就要注意多樣化發(fā)展，故C正確。

34.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.meritocracycanneverberealizedwithoutdiversity

B.Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C.ItisunlikelythatdiversitywilloccurintheU.S.media

0.minoritiescanonlyenterthefieldswherenodebateisheard

aboutdiversity

答案:A［解析］根據(jù)文中第二段...whichwasnevertrue-wenever

hadameritocracy,althoughwe'vecomeclosertoitinthelast

30years.及后面的Nowallofusfeelthewayisbetterbecause

可知選

ofthediversity.Ao

35.Accordingtothepassage,diversitycanbeachievedin

Americansocietyby.

A.expandingthepoolofpotentialemployees

B.promotingthepoolofpotentialemployees

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drainingmoreengineers,scientists,lawyersandbusiness

managers

0.providingeducationforallregardlessofraceorsex

答案：D［解析］根據(jù)文章意思Americaunderstandsthat

expandingthepoolmeanspromotingpoliciesthathelp

provideskillstomoreminorities,morewomen,andmore

immigrants.因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。

Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings.Whilewemeasure

ourownsizesininchesorcentimeters,bacterialsizeis

measuredinmicrons.Onemicronisathousandthofa

millimeter;apinheadisaboutamillimeteracross.Rod-shaped

bacteriaareusuallytwotofourmicronslong,whilerounded

onesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter.Thus,ifyou

enlargedaroundedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldbe

justaboutthesizeofapinhead.Anadulthumanmagnifiedby

thesameamountwouldbeoveramile(1.6kilometers)tall.

Evenwithanordinarymicroscope,