2021屆山東新高考英語二輪高頻考點解密13閱讀理解之細節(jié)理解題（學(xué)生版）

解密13閱讀理解之細節(jié)理解題

高考中細節(jié)理解題通常占閱讀理解題總數(shù)的一半以上。2014年新課標(biāo)全國卷考區(qū)及其他各考區(qū)的高考

試題中考查細節(jié)理解的題目占閱讀理解題目總數(shù)的55%左右。

細節(jié)理解題要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實和細節(jié)進行理解。它們大都是根據(jù)文章中的具體信

息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進行提問的。有些問題可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些則需要我

們在理解的基礎(chǔ)上將有關(guān)內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)化才能找到，比如計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。

常見的命題方式通常有：

1.特殊疑問句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑問詞開頭引出的問題；

2.以是非題的形式。true/false,nottrue/false或EXCEPT,近年這種題型較少；

3.以Accordingto…開頭提問方式；

4.以填空題的形式，如：

(1)Toavoidattractingmountainlions,peopleareadvised.

(2)Bythefirstsentenceofthepassageauthormeansthat.

(3)Itseemsthatnowacountry'seconomydependsmuchon.

(4)Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople'slifewillbe,youmayvisit.

(5)Thepolicemenweretold“tolooktheotherway”(theunderlinedpartinParagraph2)sothat.

(6)Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening“toRollswantedto.

5.就文中數(shù)字、排序、識圖等提問。

做細節(jié)理解題時，大多數(shù)學(xué)生易出現(xiàn)的問題是閱讀速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速閱讀技巧，考生要培養(yǎng)

自己快速獲取信息的能力。解答此類試題時，不必通篇細看原文，而常常可采取“帶著問題找答案''的方法.先

從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語。然后以此為線索。要快速地辨認和記憶事實或細節(jié)，就要恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\用略讀及查

讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關(guān)的段落、語句.仔細品味，對照比較.確定答案。除了運用掃讀

法(scanning)外，還可以兼用排除法.將“無此細節(jié)”和“與此細節(jié)相反”的選項排除。

了解細節(jié)題干擾選項的特點也有助于考生提高答題的正確率。一般情況下，干擾項有如下幾個特點:

（1）是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容；（2）符合常識，但不是文章內(nèi)容；（3）與原文的內(nèi)容極其相

似，只是在程度上有些變動；（4）在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正確，部分錯誤。

有的細節(jié)理解題只要直接辨認不要求讀者對客觀的事實作出解釋或判斷，只要求從閱讀材料中直接獲

取信息。同時還要求讀者記住重要細節(jié)，在必要的時候（做判斷、推斷或結(jié)論的時候）能夠準(zhǔn)確而迅速地

將他們回憶起來。解此類題要求考生快速抓住原文中的關(guān)鍵信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案與原

文中的語句并非一模一樣，而是用不同的詞語或句型結(jié)構(gòu)表達相同的意思。有的細節(jié)理解題就需要通過有

關(guān)詞語和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換。利用主要事實、圖表、圖形來獲取信息，然后利用因果、類比、時間、空間等關(guān)系

將零碎的細節(jié)經(jīng)過一系列加工、整理，方能做出正確的判斷.此類試題在高考中占大多數(shù)。

值得一提的是，有時原文中的信息可能只是一個短語，甚至一個單詞，因此需要我們在閱讀中特別仔

細才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。

細節(jié)理解題大致有如下幾種?？碱}型：

題型一描寫類細節(jié)題

描寫類細節(jié)題，常?？疾榭忌鷮ξ闹杏嘘P(guān)人物動作、思想感情、心理活動、觀點，或事件的起因、發(fā)

展、過程、結(jié)果等方面的理解。這類描寫信息往往較直接，一般不太需要考生對它們進行較深入的理解，

對于該類題，考生一般都可以較直接地從原文中找到與題目對應(yīng)的有關(guān)信息。

日典例劇折

（2020?全國卷IA）

TrainInformation

AllcustomerstravellingonTranslinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticket

beforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.

WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled

therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservices

andbusservice

Lostproperty（失物招領(lǐng)）

CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemsloston

QueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30

amto5:00pmandislocated(11)atRomaStreetstation

Publicholidays

Onpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajor

eventdays,i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.

ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable.Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.com.auorcall

TransLinkon131230anytime.

Customersusingmobilitydevices

Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetostationplatforms.Forassistance,please

callQueenslandRailon131617

Guardiantrains(outbound)

DepartOriginDestinationArrive

6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm

7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm

8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm

11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am

21

21.Whatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?

A.call131617B.Visittranslink.com.at

C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule

22.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?

A.AltandiB.RomaStreet.

C.VarsityLakes.D.Fortitudevalley.

23.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes:

A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.

C.8:57D.11:02

語篇解讀:本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了來坐火車的相關(guān)信息

21選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第-'段的笫二句"Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocal

onorcaH1131230.”可知,答案選C。

22選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句"ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday

7:30amto5:00pmandislocated（位于）ntRomaStreetstation.”可知.答案選B。

23.選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中最后表格的內(nèi)容可知，從Central到VarsityLakes的列車的出?

發(fā)時間為晚上7:29。

題型二信息尋找題、廣告閱讀題

信息尋找題一般在應(yīng)用文體中較常見，體現(xiàn)于查字典、閱讀廣告、公告、演出海報、車船航班時間表

等之中。這類閱讀材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能滿足各種人對信息的需求，但在高考試題中，

常常是就某一方面提問，考生完全沒有必要從頭到尾仔細閱讀，因為材料中有很多冗余無效信息。做此類

題時，宜采用“題干定全法即：先閱讀題干，然后根據(jù)問題要求，有針對性地閱讀相關(guān)部分快速尋找有效

信息。

廣告是閱讀理解題常考的一種題材。廣告屬應(yīng)用文體。嚴(yán)格來說廣告屬快速尋找信息題。但是廣告有

著其他快速尋找信息題不同的特點。廣告文體簡潔明快，省略了大量的詞語，達到了篇幅小、信息多的目

的。同時具有語言精練，形象性、鼓動性強的良好效果。廣告閱讀題多為細節(jié)理解題，關(guān)鍵在于正確理解

廣告內(nèi)容?？忌仨毦邆漭^強的語言運用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各種手段（如：補全、聯(lián)想、推測等）

正確解讀廣告的內(nèi)容。通常運用“補全成分法”和“聯(lián)想推測法”兩種方法來解讀廣告的內(nèi)容。做題方法同樣采

用“題干定向法

（1）補全成分法

省略名在廣告體閱讀材料中大量出現(xiàn)，可以說廣告閱讀理解材料中大多數(shù)句子都是省略句。我們應(yīng)結(jié)

合全文語境及邏輯關(guān)系將省略句補全，從而更加準(zhǔn)確地理解。如：Driverwanted.根據(jù)文義，可將該句補充

為:Adriverwillbewanted.（招聘一名司機）。

(2)聯(lián)想推測法

在些廣告時間、日期、地點、電話、票價等用了縮略詞，甚至一概沒有提及，這就需要考生前后連貫,

充分想象，整體理解。搜尋已知信息，推斷語篇意義。

為節(jié)省篇幅，特別是在商業(yè)廣告中，常使用縮寫詞，盡管有些縮寫不太規(guī)范，但卻常用，常見的縮寫

詞有：

Tel.=telephonenumber

Ph.=phoneAdd（r）.=address

co.=companyLtd=Limited

Max=maximumMin=minimum

hr=hourt=time

fig=figureft=foot

ml=miledoz=dozen

Mt=MountainP=page

prof.=professorDr.=doctor

s=southn=north

w=westSta=Station

pop=popularvs=versus

Xmas=Christmasinfo=information

VIP=veryimportantpersonshrs=hours

aft=afterad=advertisement

p/t=parttimeexp=experienced

PC=personalcomputerMA=MasterofArts

BSdegree=bachelor'sdegree（學(xué)士學(xué)位）

日典例制折

（2020?全國卷II）

TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuide

DalemainMansionHistoricGardens

History,Culture&Landscape(tX),Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedand

award-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternational

MarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.

Open:29Mar-29Oct,SuntoThurs

Tearoom,GardensGiftShop:10.30-17.00(16.00inOct)

House:11.15-16.00(15.00inOct).

Town:PooleyBridge&.Penrith

AbbotHallArtGalleryMuseum

ThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall'stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareina

citygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibition

programmehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.

Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10.30-17.00

Summer.10.30-16.00Winter

Town:Kendal

TullieHouseMuseumArtGallery

TullieHouseMuseumArtGallery

Discover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartand

familyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisit

fromarttointeractivefun,sothereissomethingforeveryone!

Open:HighSeason1Apr-31Oct:MontoSat10..00,Sun11.00-17.00

LowSeasonINov-31Mar:MontoSat1000-16.30.Sun12.00-16.30

Town:Carlisle

DoveCottage&TheWordsworthMuseum

DiscoverWilliamWordsworthsinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhis

hillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafe.

Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.

Open:Daily,09.30-17.30(lastadmission17.00).

Town:Grasmere

21.WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundays

A.09.30-17.30B.10.30-16.00

C.ll.15-16D.12.00-16.30.

22.WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museun?

AEnjoyRomney'sworks

B.Havesomeinteractivefun.

D.Learnthehistoryofafamily.

C.Attendafamousfestival.

23.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth'slife?

A.PenrithB.Kendal.

C.Carlisle,D.Grasmere

語篇解讀:本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了幾個湖區(qū)景點，包括其營業(yè)時間及地點等

21.選C細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens部分中的信息“Hose

11.15-16.00(15.00inOct),”可知,答案選C

22選Ao細節(jié)里解題，根據(jù)AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum部分中的信息“Theimpressive

permanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogramme

hasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.''可知,游客可以在此處欣賞Romney的作品，故

23.選D細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)DoveCottage&TheWordsworthMuseum部分中的信息“Town

Grasmere”可知，如果游客想探索Wordsworth的生活可以去Grasmere,故選D

題型三數(shù)據(jù)計算題

此類試題一般要求考生能根據(jù)閱讀材料中給出的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，找出計算關(guān)系，通過計算，得出正確的結(jié)

論。這類計算一般來說比較簡單，關(guān)鍵是要弄清各數(shù)據(jù)間的邏輯關(guān)系，選準(zhǔn)比較的數(shù)據(jù)，弄清單位換算關(guān)

系，確定計算方法，問題便迎刃而解了。對于數(shù)據(jù)較多、項目復(fù)雜用時間或空間跨度較大的短文，通常可

采用“列表法”，即按一定的規(guī)律將數(shù)據(jù)分門別類地列出，化模糊為清晰，為計算打下基礎(chǔ)。對于相對不太復(fù)

雜的數(shù)據(jù)，可采用“推算法”，即以有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)為基準(zhǔn)，進行簡單的運算就可得出。

要例倒折

（全國新高考A）

POETRYCHALLENGE

Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.

Prizes

3GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner's

choice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseum

andtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.

6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboand

pilotLindaFinch.

50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirt

inmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight.

Rules

Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.

■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.

■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.

■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.

■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.

1.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Six.

【解析】

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一篇詩歌大賽的征稿啟事。文章就參賽作品的內(nèi)容、獎項、參賽規(guī)則等做了介紹。

I.A?細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中第一段中的“TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentand

oneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice”可知，每位獲獎?wù)叨伎梢詭б幻议L和另一名由獲獎?wù)哌x擇的人員。

因此，每位獲獎?wù)呖梢詭蓚€人。故選A。

題型四排序題

這種試題要求考生根據(jù)事情發(fā)生的先后順序和句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出事件的正確順序。

做此類題目可采用"首尾定位法"，即先找出第一個事件和最后一個事件，這樣可以迅速縮小選擇范

圍，從而迅速找到答案。閱讀理解的文章如果是記敘文，排序題通常以事件發(fā)生的時間為線索；如果是說

明文，排序題通常以說明的先后順序為線索；如果是議論文，排序題通常以邏輯順序為線索。從近兒年高

考試題來看，這類試題主要出現(xiàn)在記敘文和說明文中。

題型五圖文轉(zhuǎn)換題

此類試題要求根據(jù)短文中的描寫找出相應(yīng)的圖形，或根據(jù)圖形選出相應(yīng)的文字?？刹捎谩拔淖宙i定法”,

即找出描述圖形的句段，按“文''鎖"圖"，迅速鎖定相關(guān)圖形，或用”圖形標(biāo)示法”，在圖形中標(biāo)出相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容,

以便做題。

Q更例本折

TheHomeofMyPeople

WhenLewisandClarksteppedontothe

WeippePrairieinpresent-dayIdahoin

September1808,theymettheNezPerce

Indians.Inthefollowingyears,thewhite

explorers（探險者）begantofightwiththe

Indiansfortheirland.SomeNezPerce

chiefssignedagreementswiththeU.S.

government,sellingpartoftheirlands.But

thegovernmentalwaysbrokethose

agreementsanddemandedmoreland.

Otherchiefsrefusedtogoalongwiththegovernment'splans.ThemostfamouswasChiefJoseph,whose

peoplelivedintheWallowaValley（present-dayOregon）.

“Inordertohaveallpeopleunderstandhowmuchlandweowned,heonceexplained,"myfatherplanted

polesarounditandsaid:'Insideisthehomeofmypeople...Itcircledaroundthegraves（墳?zāi)梗﹐fourfathers,and

wewillnevergiveupthesegravestoanyman.

Butin1874,theU.S.governmentdeclaredthevalleyopenforwhitesettlementandorderedtheNezPerce

ontoareservation（保留地）.Seeingthatresistancewasuseless,ChiefJosephagreedtomove.

Later,fightingbrokeoutbetweentheNezPerceandU.S.soldiers.ChiefJosephtriedtoleadhispeopleto

Canada,winningseveralbattlesagainstthesoldiersduringtheirflight.Butfinally,hewasforcedtogivein.

1.Whichhistoricsite(onthemap)liesinthesouthoftoday'sNezPerceReservation?

A.BuffaloEddy.B.DugBar.

C.JosephCanyonViewpoint.D.ChiefLookingGlassCamp.

2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNezPercelandsfromthemap?

A.TheywereinthestateofOregon.

B.Theyhavebecomeahistoricsite.

C.Theyhavebecomemuchsmaller.

D.TheywerelimitedtotheWallowaValley.

【答案與解析】

l.D此題考查學(xué)生的圖示理解能力。首先要找到并標(biāo)出現(xiàn)在NezPerceReservation所在的位置，然后找到它

以南的歷史景點?？梢钥吹紺hiefLookingGlasscamp位于NezPerceReservation的南部。

2.C從地圖中我們可以看到，NezPerce原先所擁有的土地比現(xiàn)在NezPerce保留區(qū)的位置大多了。

6.代詞指代題解題技能

代詞指代題要求考生一定的上下文推測代詞的指代意義。此類題一般是在人物或事物關(guān)系比較復(fù)雜的

情況下使用的一種題型，所以理清人物及事物之間的邏輯關(guān)系是關(guān)鍵所在。

□翼例劇新

（全國新高考C篇）

Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,

physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistan

towriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.

Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongthe

GhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsof

liveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,

andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglish

inCalifomia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.

ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.In

Samarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolice

methodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral（葬禮）followedbyastrange

drinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfrom

thesea.

MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpicture

ofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicate

stomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,

theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?

A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease.

B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.

C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.

D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.

【答案】

【解析】

本文是記敘文。文章講述了Bissell寫的《追逐大海:迷失在中亞帝國的幽靈》這本書。這本書是Bissell在烏

茲別克斯坦做志愿者后寫的，是對烏茲別克斯坦人生活的一個快速觀察。

9.D?

詞句猜測題。劃線句是第二段首句，that用來指代上文提的事情，因此推斷that指代第一段的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)第

一段最后一-句”Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthe

disappearanceoftheAralSea（幾年后，仍然被這個國家所吸引。他回到烏茲別克斯坦寫了一篇關(guān)于咸海消失

的文章）''可知，Ihat指代寫了一篇關(guān)于死海消失的文章這件事，故選D。

檢測訓(xùn)練

題組一真題在線

Passage1（2020?全國新課標(biāo)卷II?A）

TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuide

DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens

History,Culture&Landscape(景觀).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedand

award-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternational

MarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.

Open:29Mar-29Oct,SuntoThurs.

Tearoom,Gardens&GiftShop:10.30-17.00(16.00inOct).

House:11.15-16.00(15.00inOct)

Town:PooleyBridge&Penrith

AbbotHallartGallery&Museum

ThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHalPstemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenfbrthinkingtheyareinacity

gallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibition

programmehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.

Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10.30-17.00Sumner.10.30-16.00Winter.

Town:Kendal

TullieHouseMuseum&ArtGallery

Discover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartand

familyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisit

fromfinearttointeractivefiin,sothere'ssomethingfbreveryone!

Open:HighSeason1Apr-31Oct:MontoSat10.00-17.00,Sun11.00-17.00.

LowSeason1Nov-31Mar:MontoSat10.00-16.30,Sun12.00-16.30.

Town:Carlisle

DoveCottage&ThewordsworthMuseum

DiscoverWilliamWordsworth'sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhis

hillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafe.Exhibitions,

eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.

Open:Daily,09.30-17.30(lastadmission17.00).

Town:Grasmere

1.WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?

A.09.30-17.30.B.10.30-16.00.C.11.15-16.00.D.12.00-16.30

2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum?

A.EnjoyRonney'sworks.

B.Havesomeinteractivefun.

C.Attendafamousfestival.

D.Learnthehistoryofafamily

3.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth'slife?

A.Penrith.B.Kendal.C.Carlisle.D.Grasmere.

Passage2（2020?全國新課標(biāo)卷I?B）

JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninga

nursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireand

becamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.

Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfrom

thefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,

workingtopayhertuition（學(xué)費），becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.After

graduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.

Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvanceher

careerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-Eau

ClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegree

closetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreat

supportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher

68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.

Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（犧牲）to

achievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy."Somenightsmyheart

wasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,nshesays.However,herchildren

havelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateand

aninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.

4.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?

A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.

B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.

C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.

D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.

5.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?

A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.

C.Tosavemoneyforherparents.D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.

6.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?

A.Herhealth.B.Hertimewithfamily.

C.Herreputation.D.Herchanceofpromotion.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?

A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.

C.Hardworkpaysoff.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.

Passage2（2020?全國新課標(biāo)卷III?C）

Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation（孤獨）,morefamiliesarechoosing

tolivetogether.

Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law,shelivesonthe

groundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.

Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofagrowingnumberof

multigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashing

machine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.

“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingatahouse,“saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:"Wespokemore

withNickbecauseIthinkit'sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law,^^

AndwhatdoesNickthink?”Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,I

thinkIwould.”

It'shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeen

risingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhad

risenfrom325,000in200Ito419,000in2013.

Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;many

moreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslive

withtheirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.ThetotalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainis

thoughttobeabout1.8million.

Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.In

India,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband'sfamilywhentheyget

married.

8.WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?

A.Nick.B.Rita.C.KathrynD.Thedaughters.

9.WhatisNick'sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother-in-law?

A.Positive.B.Carefree.C.Tolerant.D.Unwilling.

10.Whatistheauthor'sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?

A.Familytraditions.B.Financialreports.C.Publishedstatistics.D.Publicopinions.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Lifestylesindifferentcountries.B.Conflictsbetweengenerations.

C.AhousingprobleminBritain.D.ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.

Passage4（2020?江蘇?B）

Sometimesifshardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresent

theircountry'spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes...andredphoneboxes.

Beatenfirstbythemarchoftechnologyandlatelybytheterribleweatherinjunkyards（廢品場），thephone

boxesrepresentativeofanagearenowmakingsomethingofacomeback.Adaptedinimaginativeways,manyhave

reappearedoncitystreetsandvillagegreenshousingtinycafes,cellphonerepairshopsorevendefibrillatormachines

（除顫器）.

Theoriginalironboxeswiththeroundroofsfirstappearedin1926.TheyweredesignedbyGilesGilbertScott,

thearchitectoftheBatterseaPowerStationinLondon.AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets,the

phoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980s,withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothe

junkyards.

Aboutthattime,TonyInglis'engineeringandtransportcompanygotthejobtoremovephoneboxesfromthe

streetsandsellthemout.ButInglisendedupbuyinghundredsofthemhimself,withtheideaofrepairingandselling

them.Hesaidthathehadheardthecallstopreservetheboxesandhadseenhowsomeofthemwerelistedashistoric

buildings.

AsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesand

villagesaspeoplefoundnewusesfbrthem.Today,theyareonceagainafamiliarsight,playingrolesthatareoften

justasimportantforthecommunityastheiroriginalpurpose.

Inruralareas,whereambulancescantakearelativelylongtimetoarnve,thephoneboxeshavetakenona

lifesavingrole.Localorganizationscanadoptthemfor1pound,andinstalldefibrillatorstohelpinemergencies.

Othersalsolookedatthephoneboxesandsawbusinessopportunities.LoveFone,acompanythatadvocates

repairingcellphonesratherthanabandoningthem,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.

Thetinyshopsmadeeconomicsense,accordingtoRobertKerr,afounderofLoveFone.Hesaidthatoneofthe

boxesgeneratedaround$13,500inrevenueamonthandcostonlyabout$400torent.

Inglissaidphoneboxescalledtomindanagewhenthingswerebuilttolast.14tlikewhattheyaretopeople,and

Ienjoybringingthingsback,,,hesaid.

12.Thephoneboxesaremakingacomeback.

A.toformabeautifulsightofthecity

B.toimprovetelecommunicationsservices

C.toremindpeopleofahistoricalperiod

D.tomeettherequirement