專題02 動(dòng)詞 - 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（講練）（原卷版）-2024中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)

1/1專題02動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞是表示人或事物動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)的詞。按照其語(yǔ)法功能，動(dòng)詞分為行為動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞四類。行為動(dòng)詞又叫實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，分為及物動(dòng)詞(后面必須跟賓語(yǔ)意義才完整的動(dòng)詞),不及物動(dòng)詞(本身意義不完整，其后不能接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞)；系動(dòng)詞(不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，必須與表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ))；助動(dòng)詞(本身沒(méi)有詞義，不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，只能和別的動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)的詞，這類詞表示時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣等特征，幫助構(gòu)成否定、疑問(wèn)等)；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(本身有一定意義，但沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨(dú)使用，必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語(yǔ)，表示說(shuō)話者的情感、態(tài)度和語(yǔ)氣)動(dòng)詞的種類1.（2023·廣州）Shewasingreatfearandcouldn’tthink.Thisonlycausedherto______fartherintothepool.A.drop B.swim C.jump D.search【透析】考查動(dòng)詞辨異。篇章大語(yǔ)境：Susan參加水族館鯨魚(yú)訓(xùn)練員比賽時(shí)在水下遇到意外，幸運(yùn)的是她被一頭鯨魚(yú)救了。小語(yǔ)境：她在水下，腿沒(méi)有知覺(jué)，大腦不能思考，故會(huì)_______.drop丟掉；swim游泳；jump跳躍；search搜找。根據(jù)這個(gè)A符合語(yǔ)境。答案選A。2.(2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州)Wedon’t________muchfromthekidsbecausetheycan’tunderstandthevalueofthiswork.A.express B.excuse C.expect D.explain【答案】C【解析】句意：我們對(duì)孩子們期望不高，因?yàn)樗麄儫o(wú)法理解這項(xiàng)工作的價(jià)值?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。express表達(dá)；excuse原諒；expect要求，指望；explain解釋。根據(jù)“becausetheycan’tunderstandthevalueofthiswork.”可知，不能對(duì)孩子有太高的期望，故選C。3.(2023·江蘇無(wú)錫)—Let’sgoandgetsomethingtoeat.Whatdoyou________?—Howaboutfishandchips?A.suggest B.imagine C.suppose D.insist【答案】A【解析】句意：——我們?nèi)コ渣c(diǎn)東西吧。你有什么建議？——魚(yú)和薯?xiàng)l怎么樣？考查動(dòng)詞辨析。suggest建議；imagine想象；suppose設(shè)想；insist堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)“Howaboutfishandchips”可知，詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的建議，故選A。4.（2023·廣州·語(yǔ)法選擇）He____eatbigmealsanddidnotgohungryanymore.A.could B.might C.should D.must【答案】A【解析】句意：他能夠吃掉大餐，再也沒(méi)有挨餓了。could能夠；might可能；should應(yīng)該；must必須。根據(jù)“...eatbigmealsanddidnotgohungryanymore.”可知是能吃掉大餐。故選A。5.（2023·武漢）—Excuseme,butwe________waitinlinetogetonthesubway.—I’msorry.A.might B.would C.could D.should【答案】D【解析】句意：——對(duì)不起，我們應(yīng)該排隊(duì)上地鐵?！液鼙??？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。might可以；would將；could可以；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“butwe…waitinlinetogetonthesubway”可知，應(yīng)該排隊(duì)上地鐵，故選D。一、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞按其后是否需要接賓語(yǔ)，可分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞用法示例及物動(dòng)詞（1）帶一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcanraiseyourhands.你們?nèi)绻袉?wèn)題，可以舉手。（2）帶雙賓語(yǔ)（間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)）間接賓語(yǔ)常指人，直接賓語(yǔ)常指物Myparentsgavemeanicegiftonmybirthday.我的父母在我生日那天給了我一份精美的禮物。（=Myparentsgaveanicegifttomeonmybirthday.）Iwillbuyyouanewdictionary.我會(huì)給你買一本新詞典。（=Iwillbuyanewdictionaryforyou.）（3）帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）Pleasekeepthedooropen.請(qǐng)開(kāi)著門。Ourteacherstellustostudyhard.老師告訴我們要努力學(xué)習(xí)。不及物動(dòng)詞（1）不帶賓語(yǔ)Theyarerunningontheplayground.他們正在運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上跑步。（2）后加介詞+賓語(yǔ)Pleaselookattheblackboardandlistentome.請(qǐng)看黑板，聽(tīng)我說(shuō)。動(dòng)詞辨異！在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞中，中考考題主要考查動(dòng)詞用法的辨異，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇和完形填空中，是中考一大重要考點(diǎn)。二、連系動(dòng)詞常用連系動(dòng)詞詞義例句be是I’magirlwithshorthair.become成為，變得MikebecomesinterestedinChinese.turn變得Mr.White’sfaceturnedred.get變得Theweatherisgettingbad.smell聞起來(lái)Theflowerssmellnice.sound聽(tīng)起來(lái)Theplansoundsgood.taste嘗起來(lái)Thesouptastesdelicious.stay保持Theshopstaysopentill8pm.grow成長(zhǎng)，變得Herhairisgrowingwhite.keep保持Thegirlkeepssilentallthetime.feel感到，摸起來(lái)Thecoatfeelsverysoftlook看起來(lái)Mymotherlooksveryyoung.注意1.連系動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，其后必須接形容詞、名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)2.含連系動(dòng)詞(be除外)的句子變疑問(wèn)句時(shí)一定要借助助動(dòng)詞do,does,did等三、助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞用法例句bebe(am,is,are;was,were)+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Iamwashingmyclothes.我在洗衣服。WhatisTomdoing?湯姆在做什么？WewerewatchingTVwhenthealarmwentoff.我們正在看電視，突然警報(bào)響了。be(am,is,are;was,were;willbe;have/hasbeen)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)IsJapanesetaughtinyourschool?你們學(xué)校教日語(yǔ)嗎？Thebuildingwasdestroyedintheearthquake.大樓在地震中被毀。Wherewillanewlibrarybebuiltinourcitynextyear?明年我們城市將在哪里建一座新圖書(shū)館？Thetaskhasn’tbeenfinishedyet.任務(wù)還沒(méi)有完成。dodo(does,did)用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)Wedon’tgotoschoolonweekends.我們周末不上學(xué)。WhattimedoesJackgetup?杰克什么時(shí)候起床？DidMarycallyouthismorning?瑪麗早上給你打電話了嗎？havehave(has,had)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)Ihaven’tbeentherebefore.我以前沒(méi)去過(guò)那兒。Lucyhaspassedherdrivingtest.露西已通過(guò)了駕駛執(zhí)照考試。will/shallwill/shall(would/should)+動(dòng)詞原形，用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)和過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)IwillvisittheUKnextweek.下周我要去英國(guó)。Whenshallwemeetagain?我們什么時(shí)候再見(jiàn)面？Hesaidhewouldcometoseemeifhewasfree.他說(shuō)如果他有空就來(lái)看我。四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法例句can和could(1)表示能力，意為“能；會(huì)”，could用作can的過(guò)去式Shecandrive,butshecan’trideabike.她會(huì)開(kāi)車，但不會(huì)騎自行車。Shecouldn’tspeakChinesewhenshecametoourschoollastyear.去年她剛來(lái)我們學(xué)校時(shí)還不會(huì)說(shuō)中文。(2)表示請(qǐng)求、許可，意為“可以”，兩者皆可用，此時(shí)的could并不表示過(guò)去，只是語(yǔ)氣比can更委婉Youcangotherenow.你可以現(xiàn)在去那兒?！狢an/CouldIuseyourbicycle?我可以用你的自行車嗎？—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.當(dāng)然可以。（允許對(duì)方時(shí)，不可用could應(yīng)答）(3)表示客觀可能性或推測(cè)，意為“可能”，can常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中；could并不表示過(guò)去，只是表示可能性小，多用于肯定句和否定句中Thegirlintheclassroomcan’tbeMary.Shehasgonetothelibrary.教室里的女孩不可能是瑪麗，她去圖書(shū)館了。HecouldbeinLondon.他可能在倫敦。must和haveto(1)must表示“必須”，否定式mustn’t表示“禁止；不準(zhǔn)；不允許”Imustfinishtheworktoday.我必須今天完成工作。Carsmustn’tbeparkedhere.此處禁止停車。(2)must表示非?？隙ǖ牟聹y(cè)，意為“一定；準(zhǔn)是”，只用于肯定句。在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中用can’t，表示“不可能”Hemustbeathome.Thelightison.他一定在家，燈亮著呢。Hecan’tbeathome.Heisonbusiness.他不可能在家，他出差了。(3)haveto意為“必須；不得不”，表示客觀實(shí)際的需要，有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化；must表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法，即主觀上的必要，無(wú)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化Ifhemissesthelastbus,hewillhavetowalkhome.如果他錯(cuò)過(guò)末班車，他將不得不走回家。（表示客觀實(shí)際）Youmuststopsmoking.你必須戒煙。（表示主觀意愿）(4)否定式don’thaveto表示“不必”，mustn’t表示“禁止；不準(zhǔn)” —MustIfinishalltheworktoday?我必須今天完成全部工作嗎？—Yes,youmust./No,youdon’thaveto./No,youneedn’t.是的，必須。/不，不必。Youmustn’tstopyourcarhere.此處禁止停車。need(1)need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為“需要”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，沒(méi)有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。否定式needn’t，意為“不必”It’sSundaytoday.Youneedn’tgetupsoearly.今天星期天，你不必起得這么早。NeedIpostyourbookstoyou?需要我把書(shū)寄給你嗎？(2)need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，意為“需要；有必要”，有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞等Doyouneedanyhelp?你需要幫助嗎？Shedidn’tneedtogotoschoolyesterday.她昨天不需要去上學(xué)。should和oughtto(1)表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任、建議、勸告，意為“應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)”Youngpeopleshouldrespectoldpeople.晚輩應(yīng)該尊重長(zhǎng)輩。Yououghttotalkwithyourfatheraboutit.你應(yīng)該和你的父親談?wù)勥@件事。(2)表示推測(cè)，意為“應(yīng)該；估計(jì)”Theyshouldbehomebynow,Ithink.我想他們現(xiàn)在總該到家了吧。ItoughttobeTom.應(yīng)該是湯姆。hadbetter意為“最好”“應(yīng)該”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，had通常縮略為’d。否定式為hadbetternotYou’dbettergetsomesleep.你最好去睡一會(huì)兒。You’dbetternotgotherebyyourself.你最好不要一個(gè)人去那里。usedto意為“過(guò)去經(jīng)?！保蠼觿?dòng)詞原形HeusedtoliveinParis.他過(guò)去一直住在巴黎。Didyouusetobeateacher?你過(guò)去是當(dāng)老師的嗎？Theydidn’tusetolivehere.他們過(guò)去沒(méi)住在這兒。動(dòng)詞辨異1.(2023·武漢)—Thehairproductisbeing________atpresent.—Youmeanifit’suptothestandard,itwillbeputonthemarketsoon.A.used B.tested C.shown D.sold2.(2023·湖北荊州)—Hangzhouwillholdthe19thAsianGamesfromSeptember23toOctober8,2023.—Right.Playerswill_______infortysports,suchasswimming,tabletennisandvolleyball.A.compete B.believe C.imagine D.advise3.(2023·湖北黃石)InApril,theweatherinsomeplacesinHubeiisreallychangeable.Peoplemay________fourseasonsinoneweek.A.organize B.describe C.check D.experience4.(2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州)Wedon’t________muchfromthekidsbecausetheycan’tunderstandthevalueofthiswork.A.express B.excuse C.expect D.explain5.(2023·江蘇無(wú)錫)—Let’sgoandgetsomethingtoeat.Whatdoyou________?—Howaboutfishandchips?A.suggest B.imagine C.suppose D.insist6(2023·山東濱州)—Ourparentsoften________

usnottotalkwithstrangersontheInternet.—That’strue.Asteenagers,weshouldlearntoprotectourselves.A.warn B.invite C.control D.promise7.—IsTaylorSwiftthemostpopularcountrymusicsinger?—I________so.Shehaswonsomanyawardsandherconcertsarethemostpopular.A.hope B.doubt C.suppose D.imagine8.NobodybelievesJackbecausehealways________others.A.cheat B.consider C.help D.dislike9.—The________ youwroteaboutthefilmiswonderful.——Thanks.A.renew B.review C.recycle D.reuse10.—Noway,Iwon’tsleepinthissleepingbag.—Sowhatdoyou________,Mark?It’sacamp,notahotel.A.expect B.wish C.suggest D.imagine11.—Dinnerisready.Helpyourself,please!—Wow!It_________delicious.A.tastes B.sounds C.turns D.gets12.—Howmuchisthecomputer?Isitexpensive?—No,it’snottooexpensive.Itonly_______me300dollars.A.cost B.lost C.spent D.took13.TheBBCdocumentaryDuFu:China’sGreatestPoet_________DutoWilliamShakespeare,oneofthegreatestwritersoftheWest.A.considers B.connects C.compares D.complains14.—Ihearyou’reorganizingatriptothegamenextweek._________mein!—Noproblem.JustkeepintouchonWeChat.A.Matter B.Leave C.Count D.Mind15.—HowlongdoesittaketogettoTaizhoufromNanjingbytrain?—Maybeonehour.Butwhynot________itonBaidu?A.fix B.design C.look D.check16.—Noway,Iwon’tsleepinthissleepingbag.—Sowhatdoyou________,Mark?It’sacamp,notahotel.A.expect B.wish C.suggest D.imagine17.Youdon’tneedto________yourselfwithothers.Believeinyourself.A．correct B．connect C．compare D．communicate18.Schoolsshould________studentstoformgoodworkinghabitsthroughlabor(勞動(dòng))education.A.force B.encourage C.warn D.promise19.Thehugefire______thewholefactoryandkilled121workers.A.kept B.protected C.destroyed D.damaged20.—Whydoyoulikethishotel?—Becauseitcan_______customerswithbestservice.A.provides B.serve C.stateD.offer21.WhenSimon________thattherewasanewstudentintheclassroom,hesaidhellotoher.A.noticed B.promisedC.planned D.decided22.Hehas_____fromapooryoungmantoasuccessfulbusinessman.A.raised B.spread C.traded D.risen28.Thenewsofvictory________quicklyandeveryoneinthetownwasveryexcited.A.recorded B.discussed C.spread D.polluted23.Ifyoualways___________yourselfwithothers,youmayhavetonsofpressure.Iagree.Weshouldbelieveinourselves.A.compare B.complainC.connectD.consider24.TheyallwhythelittlegirlcouldsingsodifficultanEnglishsong.A.wondered B.believed C.wanted D.expected25.ThefemalescientistYanNing________toleavetheUSandreturntoChinainNovember2022.Thenewscaughtmanypeople’sattention.A．preferred B．warned C．proved D．a(chǎn)nnounced26.—Thereportsaysoneoftheorganizersisstill__________bythepolice.—IfIfindtheorganizer,Iwillreportittothepoliceatonce.A．caught B．wanted C．missed D．questioned27.—DoyouthinkKarenwillbeagreatdoctor?—Infact,beingadoctor________carefulness,butsheiscarelesssometimes.A．repeats B．receives C．reduces D．requires28.—WhatdoyouthinkofthemovieAvatar:TheWayOfWater?—Great.It_________about3hours,butnooneleftearly.A．covered B．remainedC．lasted D．showed29.—YoumayborrowsomemoneyfromyourfriendTom.—Forgetit.TomandIjustmetacoupleoftimes,butwedon’treally_________.A．care B．spare C．cover D．connect30.—DoyouthinkJohncanwinaprizeintheWuhanMarathon?—Impossiblenow.Hewas________todoso,buthehasjusthurthisleg.A．a(chǎn)dvised B．required C．supposed D．requested情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)1.（2023·湖北鄂州）—_________Itakephotoshere?—Sorry,youcan’t.It’snotallowedinthemuseum.A.Must B.Need C.Can D.Will2.（2023·湖北黃石）YoungChinesepeople________keepthemotherlandatheart,aimhigh,andhavetheirfeetfirmlyontheground.A.should B.can C.may D.need3.（2023·湖北荊州）—You_______takethesubwaytotheairport,forIcandriveyoutheredirectly.—That’sverykindofyou.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t4.（2023·襄樊）.—DoesthesportswatchbelongtoMary?—It________behers.Sheistheonlyonewhowearsthesportswatchinourclass.A.can’t B.must C.might D.could5.（2023·江蘇連云港）Earthquakescanbeverydangerous.We________learntoprotectourselves.A.might B.should C.could D.would6.（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫）Oh,comeon!________youdoubteverythingIsay?I’mnotathree-year-old!A.Can’t B.Can C.Mustn’t D.Must7.（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）5.Thenewappaboutfashionisreallyfreeandyou________paymoneyforit.A.may B.must C.shouldn’t D.needn’t8.（2023·河北）Ifwe________findabetterway,we’llfinishthejobfaster.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t9.（2023·天津）—WouldyouliketovisitTianjinUniversitytomorrow?—Sorry,I’mafraidI________.I’llworkasavolunteerinmycommunity.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t10.（2023·云南）—Excuseme,mayIusemyphonenow?—Sorry,you________.Theplaneistakingoff.A.need B.needn’t C.can D.can’t11.—Excuseme.Canyoutellmewhattimeitisnow?—Sorry,I_________.Mywatchdoesn’twork.A.can’tB.maynotC.mustn’tD.needn’t12.—It'squitebrighthere.Let'sjustkeepthewindowopen.—Yes.We________leavethelighton.A.couldn'tB.shouldn'tC.willD.wouldn't13.—Whatdoyouthinkwecommonpeople________doforourmotherlandduringtheCovid-19breakout?—Ithinkwe________doanythingexceptstayingathomeanddosomeexercisetokeepourselvesfit.A.must;can’tB.may;mustn’tC.need;shouldn’t.D.can;needn’t14.—_______wecleantheclassroomatonce?—No,you_______.You_______cleanitafterschool.A.Must;needn’t;mayB.Must;mustn’t;canC.Shall;can’t;mustD.Need;mustn’t;may15..Mike,youplaywithfire.Youburnyourself.A.won't;can'tB.havegotto;shouldn'tC.don'thaveto;must D.mustn't;might16.—Whosebackpackisthis?—It_______beJim’s.Look,hisstudent’scardisinit.A.mustB.canC.mustn’tD.can’t17.Asmiddleschoolstudents,wefollowthepublicruleswhereverwego.A.would B.should C.might D.could18.–Mum,mayIgotoseeafilmwithmycousin?-You_______goifyouhavefinishedyourhomework.A.must B.need C.should D.can19.-Somepeopledon'tshowtheirtalentsattheverybeginning.-Iagree.EvenEinstein____________readuntilhewasseven.A.can't B.mustn't C.couldn't D.needn't20.Thedesignerhastriedeverypossiblewaytomaketherobotlight,soyou_____worryaboutitsweight..A.must B.may C.can’t D.needn’t21.Accordingtothenotice,guestsatthishotel__________usethesportscent