2022-2023學(xué)年安徽省宿州市省、市示范高中高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高中英語名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省宿州市省、市示范高中2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhereisAmynow?A.InSeoul. B.InBeijing. C.InLondon.〖答案〗C〖解析〗【原文】M:Hi,Amy!ThisisCarl!AreyougoingtoBeijing?I’dliketoinviteyoutomypartynextweek.W:Well,I’mstillinLondonandI’llflytoSeoultomorrow.I’llgotoyourpartyifIcomebackthen.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hismotherlikesapplepie.B.Theapplepietastesverygood.C.He’llmakeapplepiesforhismother.〖答案〗B〖解析〗【原文】W:Whatdoyouthinkoftheapplepie?Imadeitmyself.M:Quitedelicious.Evenmymother’scan’tmatchthis.3.WhydoesthewomantalktoDavid?A.Tomakeanapology. B.Toaskforafavor. C.Toinvitehimover.〖答案〗B〖解析〗【原文】W:David,I’mreallysick.I’mafraidI’vegotacold.Ineedsomemedicine,butI’mtooweaktogooutsidetobuysome.Couldyouhelpmeout?I’llreallyappreciatethat.M:Certainly.I’llgorightaway.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Astrongteam. B.Awonderfulgame. C.Agreatsportsman.〖答案〗C〖解析〗【原文】W:Hey,I’vejustnoticedsomething.Theplayer,theonerightthereinthemiddleofthefield,hasonlyonehand.M:Ittookyoulongenoughtonoticeit.Yeah,heisoneofthetopplayersontheteam.W:Really?He’ssogreat.5.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?A.Teachhimcleaningskills.B.Findhimanewapartment.C.Helphimcleanhisapartment.〖答案〗C〖解析〗【原文】M:Rentingabasementapartmentwasabadidea.Itfloodedagain.Now,it’sahugemess.W:Iknowwhatyouneed.Yourfavoritefriendandherexceptionalcleaningskills.M:Areyoutalkingaboutyourself?W:Isuream.I’llhaveyourplaceextremelycleaninnotime!第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白，每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whoisthewomanspeakingto?A.Herson. B.Herhusband. C.Asalesman.7.Whereisthewashroom?A.Onthe5thfloor. B.Onthe4thfloor. C.Onthe3rdfloor.〖答案〗6.C7.A〖解析〗【原文】M:Goodafternoon,madam.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:No,thanks.Canyoutellmewherethechildren’sshoesdepartmentis?Iwanttobuyapairofshoesformyson.M:It’sonthethirdfloor.Nowwe’reonthefourthfloor,andyoucanalsofindchildren’sshoesinthesportinggoodsdepartmentrightoverthere.Look!Canyouseethetennisracketsonthewall?W:Yes,Ican.Bytheway,isthereawashroomoverthere?M:No,it’sonthefifthfloor,nexttoabarbershop.W:OK.Thanksalot.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthemanplantodothisafternoon?A.Goswimming. B.Gotoclass. C.Gotothelibrary.9.WhatdoesMr.Smithprobablyteach?A.History. B.Chemistry. C.Math.10.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Collectinformationforhispaper.B.Helphimwithhischemistry.C.Teachhimtostudymath.〖答案〗8.C9.A10.B〖解析〗【原文】W:Wouldyouliketogoswimmingthisafternoon?M:IwishIcould,butIhavetospendtherestofthedayinthelibrary.Ihaveatenpapertofinish.Ishouldhanditintomorrow.W:IsthatforMr.Smith’sclass?M:Yes.Ihavetowriteanarticleontheinfluenceoftheinventionofpaper-makingaccordingtowhatwelearnedinclass.AndIhavetostudymathandchemistry,too.Idon’tknowhowI’mgoingtodoitatall.W:Well,I’vebeendoingwellinchemistry,soI’dbehappytohelpyou.M:Thanks.I’llseeyouinfrontofthelibrary.W:OK.Goodluckwiththepaper.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.HowmanyEdward’sbooksdoesMariehave?A.15. B.10. C.5.12.HowdidMariegetthebookForLoversofBirds?A.Sheboughtitonline.B.Shegotitfromheraunt.C.Sheborroweditfromthelibrary.13.Whoistheman’sfavoriteartist?A.Monet. B.VanGogh. C.EdwardLear.〖答案〗11.B12.A13.A〖解析〗【原文】M:Whichartistdoyoulovethemost,Marie?W:Well.ManyofmyfriendswouldchooseVanGogh,butIpreferEdwardLear.M:Whyisthat?W:Asweknow,hewasanEnglishpainter,authorandpoet.Also,hepaintedpicturesforbooks.It’shisworksthatdrawme.Ilikethestyleofhispaintingsandpoetryaswell.M:Isee.Haveyoureadhisworksrecently?W:Oh,ofcourse.I’vealsokepttenofhiswrittenworks.Forexample,ThereWasanOldManwithaBeardwhichmyauntJeangavemeasapresentformy15thbirthday,andForLoversofBirdswhichIboughtonlinetendaysago.M:Itseemsthatyoureallyarehisfan.W:Rightyouare.Sowhataboutyou?M:Ilikemanyartists,butMonetismyfavorite.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whydidn’tJackgototheconcertlastweek?A.Hehadnointerestinit.B.Heforgotitcompletely.C.Hewasbusywithhisproject.15.WhatrelationisMiketoJack?A.Hisbrother. B.Hisclassmate. C.Histeacher.16.WhatisJackprobablygoingtodo?A.Talktotheteacher. B.Giveuphisproject. C.Findouthisownweakness.〖答案〗14.C15.B16.C〖解析〗【原文】M:Ican’tbelieveit!Ionlygota“B”onmyproject.Ihaveworkedonitforweeks.EverydayIspenthoursinthelibrarycheckingonthings.IthoughtI’ddoneagoodjob.Ievengaveuplastweek’sconcert.W:Well,gettinga“B”isgood,Jack.Ijustdon’tseewhyyou’resoupset.M:ButMikedidn’tspendhalfasmuchtimeonhisprojectasIdidandhestillgotan“A”.W:Mikealwaysgetsgoodgradesonhisprojects.Ifyouaretrulydissatisfied,whydon’tyouspeaktotheteachertofindoutwhyyouonlygota“B”?M:Idon’tfeellikespeakingtotheteacher.W:Oryoucantrytofindoutwhatyouareweakinandimproveonthosepointsinyournextproject.M:Isupposethat’sthebestthingtodo.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.WhendidthefirstVivicatseriescomeout?A.InJanuary,2019. B.InApril,2019. C.InAugust,2019.18.Whichofthefollowingpositionsbelongstothefirstseries?A.Lyingonacomputer. B.EatingFrenchfries. C.Hidinginaglove.19.WhatdoweknowaboutGuo’ssecondVivicatseries?A.ItwasshowninBeijing.B.Ithadmoretoycatsthanthefirstseries.C.ItcameoutinJulywithmorestylishdesigns.20.WhatkindoflifestyledoestheVivicatshow?A.Relaxed. B.Busy. C.Active.〖答案〗17.B18.C19.A20.A〖解析〗【原文】M:TheVivicatisthekindofcatwhosleepsalldaylonganddoesn’tcareabouttheoutsideworld.GuoBinlikesitsomuchthathecreatedatoycatseriesafterit.Guo’sfirstVivicatseriescameoutduringthetoyshowinApril,2019inShanghai.IthadtenVivicats,witheachsittingindifferentpositions,suchaswatchingTVonasofa,hidinginabaseballgloveorsittingonabigfish.ThesecondseriescameoutfourmonthslaterduringtheBeijingToyShow.Theseweretennewtoycatsindifferentpositions,suchaslyingonacomputerorlyinginalunchboxwhileeatingFrenchfriesandaburger.NowGuoisplanningtodesignthethirdseries.TheVivicatshowsaperfectlifestyle,relaxedandbeinglazy.AsGuoputsit,lifecanbesobusythatweneedtobelazysometimes.It’sagoodwaytodriveustomoveforward.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A，B，C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourwomenscientistsindevelopingcountrieswin2021OWSD-ElsevierFoundationAwards.Fourresearchershavebeennamedwinnersofthe2021OWSD-ElsevierFoundationAwardsforEarly-CareerWomenScientistsintheDevelopingWorldfortheirresearchinchemistry,mathematicsandphysics.MariaEugeniaCabreraCataláninparticlephysics.ForherworkfocusingonthestudyofphysicsbeyondtheStandardModelofparticlephysics.Inherresearch,shehasbeenfocusingonthephenomenologicalstudyofnewphysicsmodelsthatproposesolutionstoopenquestionsabouttheHiggsboson,whichcanhelpexplainwhythefundamentalparticleshavemass,aswellasquestionsaboutdarkmatter.KhongorzulDorjgotoyinfinancialmathematicsandmathematicalmodeling.Forherresearchinfractionalcalculus(微積分),differentialequations,specialfunctionsinvariantsolutions,mathematicalmodelingandfinancialmathematics.“Ifounditveryhardtohavemyvoiceheard.Mostpeopleignorewomen’sideasandvoices,”saidDr.Dorjgotov.“Now,Ihopeattitudeswillchangeandmyopinionswillmatter.”GhadaDushaqinappliedphysicsandnanotechnology.Forherworkinsolidstatephysics,appliedphysics,photonicsandoptoelectronics,nanotechnologyandonopticalmaterialsanddevices.Shehasdevelopedanovelmethodforbandgapengineeringusingnanoindentationasacompletephysicaltechnique.Dr.Dushaqsaid,“Itistrulyrewardingtofeelthatallthehardwork,devotiontomyresearchhasreallypaidoff.Also,itmotivatesmetocontinuestrugglingforexcellenceinmyacademicandprofessionalpursuitsandencourageyounggirlsinadvancementoftheircareer.”MarianAsantewahNkansahinenvironmentalremediation(補(bǔ)救)strategies.Forherworkonpollutantsinwater,food,soil,andtheatmosphere.Remediationtechniquesareneededwhenthereisnospaceforpreventionandthisistherightresponseinthecasewhere,likeGhana,countriesaresufferingpollutionfromdifferentsourcesandwithdifferentnature.Herresearchinvolvesanalyticalsamplepreparation,determinationofcontaminationlevelsandinteractionofcontaminantsinwater,food,soil,theatmosphereandotherenvironmentalmatrices.21.WhatcanweknowaboutKhongorzulDorjgotoy?A.Shefindsitdifficulttohearinthecrowd.B.Shestudiesmathematicsinnanotechnology.C.Shecallsontheworldtocareforwomen’sviews.D.Shecomplainsthatwomendon’tlikemathematics.22.WhatdoMariaEugeniaCabreraCatalanandGhadaDushaqhaveincommon?A.Theystudymathematicalmodeling B.TheybothstudybranchesofphysicsC.Theyencourageyounggirlstostudymath. D.Theyfocusonthephenomenologicalmodels23.Whodevotesherselftoprotectingtheearth?A.GhadaDushaq. B.KhongorzulDorjgotov.C.MarianAsantewahNkansah. D.MarfaEugeniaCabreraCatalan.〖答案〗21.C22.B23.C〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了發(fā)展中國家的四名女科學(xué)家贏得了2021OWSD-Elsevier基金會獎以及她們在各自領(lǐng)域獲得的成就。【21題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第三段講到“‘Ifounditveryhardtohavemyvoiceheard.Mostpeopleignorewomen’sideasandvoices,’saidDr.Dorjgotov.‘Now,Ihopeattitudeswillchangeandmyopinionswillmatter.’(Dorjgotov博士說：‘我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難讓人聽到我的聲音。大多數(shù)人忽視了女性的想法和聲音?！F(xiàn)在，我希望人們的態(tài)度會有所改變，我的觀點(diǎn)也會很重要?！?”可知關(guān)于KhongorzulDorjgotoy，我們能了解到她呼吁全世界關(guān)注女性的觀點(diǎn)，故選C?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到“ForherworkfocusingonthestudyofphysicsbeyondtheStandardModelofparticlephysics.(她專注于粒子物理學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型之外的物理學(xué)研究。)”以及第三段講到“Forherworkinsolidstatephysics,appliedphysics,photonicsandoptoelectronics,nanotechnologyandonopticalmaterialsanddevices.(她在固態(tài)物理學(xué)、應(yīng)用物理學(xué)、光子學(xué)和光電子、納米技術(shù)以及光學(xué)材料和設(shè)備方面的工作。)”可知MariaEugeniaCabreraCatalan和GhadaDushaq的共同點(diǎn)是他們都研究物理學(xué)的分支，故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段講到“Herresearchinvolvesanalyticalsamplepreparation,determinationofcontaminationlevelsandinteractionofcontaminantsinwater,food,soil,theatmosphereandotherenvironmentalmatrices.(她的研究涉及分析樣品制備、污染水平的測定以及水、食物、土壤、大氣和其他環(huán)境基質(zhì)中污染物的相互作用。)”可知致力于保護(hù)地球的是MarianAsantewahNkansah，故選C。BWhenIwas10,IwasalwaysjokedbymyfellowCo-CurricularActivities(CCA)mates,includingmybestfriendJohn.Wordswerelike,“Dickis“thebestplayer”intheCCA!Heonlyknowshowtoplaythesong’MaryhadaLittleLamb’onthetrumpet(小號)!”O(jiān)nce,themomentIlefttheschool,Itookoutmyearpiece,listeningtorecordings.IgotsoengrossedthatIdidn’tseethewallinfrontandfellontheground.Luckilyforme,apasser-bysawwhathadhappenedandimmediatelycalledtheambulance.WhenIwokeupinthehospital,however,thenursetoldmethatIsufferedsevereleginjuries.IcouldhavestoppedpracticingbutthatwasnotwhatIwanted.Iwantedtopracticeeveninthehospital.“Oneleginjurywouldnotstopme;itwouldonlymakemefeelmoremotivated,”Irepliedtothenurse.Thatwasahardperiodofmylife.IfIhadnotbeencareless,Iwouldnothavethisproblem.YetifIhaven’tgottenmyselfintothisproblem,Iwouldnotbeasmotivatedandwouldnothavethatexperienceteachingmealifelesson.Myparentsandmybestfriendhadcometogivemeemotionalsupport,tellingmewhathadhappenedduringCCAtodayandadvisingmeonhowtobecomeabetterplayer.Afterday-and-nighthardpractice,IfinallyperfectedandwentbacktomyCCA.Ontheselectiondayitself,theconductorpraisedmeandaskedhowIhadimprovedsomuch.Iexplainedthatitwasbecauseofmydetermination,myfamilyandmyfriends.TheconductorthensaidthatIwasarolemodelandthatthewholebandshouldfollowmymotivationandpracticeinsteadofbeinglikeJohn.ThisexperiencemademewhatIamtoday.Currently,Iamthebestplayerandtheheadofthesecondaryschoolmilitaryband.24.Whatdidtheauthorwanttodoafterhearingthenurse’swords?A.Gobacktohisteam. B.Continuehispracticeinthehospital.C.Stoppracticingandgetsomerest. D.Meethisfamilyandfriends.25.Whywastheauthorpraisedbytheconductor?A.Hegotthefirstprizeontheselectionday. B.Hedidn’tgiveupevenwithsevereinjuries.C.HeperformedbetterthanJohn. D.Hewasselectedtheheadoftheband.26.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword?A.Creative. B.promoted. C.absorbed. D.upset27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Aterribleaccident B.AnunexpectedresultC.Adesiretobebetter D.Anexperiencetoshapemyself〖答案〗24.B25.B26.C27.D〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者10歲那年，走在路上專注于聽音樂結(jié)果腿部受傷了，但是作者依舊為接下來的CCA演奏活動做充足的準(zhǔn)備，作者堅持練習(xí)小號，最后獲得了樂隊(duì)指揮的贊揚(yáng)。該段經(jīng)歷塑造并且影響著作者?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“WhenIwokeupinthehospital,however,thenursetoldmethatIsufferedsevereleginjuries.IcouldhavestoppedpracticingbutthatwasnotwhatIwanted.Iwantedtopracticeeveninthehospital.(然而，當(dāng)我在醫(yī)院醒來時，護(hù)士告訴我，我腿部受了重傷。我本可以停止練習(xí)，但那不是我想要的。我甚至想在醫(yī)院里練習(xí)。)”可知，即使護(hù)士告訴作者腿部受傷，但是作者仍不放棄，繼續(xù)在醫(yī)院練習(xí)。故選B。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ontheselectiondayitself,theconductorpraisedmeandaskedhowIhadimprovedsomuch.Iexplainedthatitwasbecauseofmydetermination,myfamilyandmyfriends.(選拔那天，指揮官表揚(yáng)了我，問我怎么進(jìn)步這么大。我解釋說，這是因?yàn)槲业臎Q心，我的家人和朋友。)”以及本段中“TheconductorthensaidthatIwasarolemodelandthatthewholebandshouldfollowmymotivationandpracticeinsteadofbeinglikeJohn.(然后指揮說我是一個榜樣，整個樂隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)該跟隨我的動機(jī)和練習(xí)，而不是像約翰那樣。)”可知，作者因?yàn)榧词故軅€沒有放棄練習(xí)的決心而受到指揮的表揚(yáng)。故選B?！?6題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面的句子“thatIdidn’tseethewallinfrontandfellontheground.(我沒有看到前面的墻，倒在了地上。)”可知，作者沉迷于練習(xí)，沒有看到前面的墻，倒在了地上。故推斷劃線詞為“沉迷的”意思，C選項(xiàng)absorbed意為“全神貫注的”，與劃線詞為同義詞。故選C?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章講述了作者10歲那年，走在路上專注于聽音樂結(jié)果腿部受傷了，但是作者依舊為接下來的CCA演奏活動做充足的準(zhǔn)備，作者堅持練習(xí)小號，最后獲得了樂隊(duì)指揮的贊揚(yáng)。結(jié)合最后一段中“ThisexperiencemademewhatIamtoday.Currently,Iamthebestplayerandtheheadofthesecondaryschoolmilitaryband.(這段經(jīng)歷成就了今天的我。目前，我是中學(xué)軍樂隊(duì)最好的樂手和隊(duì)長。)”可知，也正是這段經(jīng)歷成就和塑造了作者。故D選項(xiàng)“Anexperiencetoshapemyself(一次塑造自己的經(jīng)歷)”是文章最佳文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CAfricaisoftencalledthecradle(搖籃)ofcivilization.Thefirsthumanbeingsappearedonthecontinentabout2millionyearsago.OldcivilizationsgrewalongthebanksoftheNileRiver.ThousandsofyearsagoancientEgyptbecameapowerfulempire,tothesouthNubiaemerged(出現(xiàn))intoday’sSudan.After1000AD,greatempiresemergedinGhanaandotherareasinwesternAfrica.City-states,includingMogadishuandZanzibar,grewintopowerfultradingcentersinEastAfrica.TowardstheendoftheMiddleAgesthefirstEuropeanscametoAfrica.Fromtheearly1500son,theymademoneybybringingslavestoNorthAmerica.TheBritish,DutchandPortuguesesetuptradingpostsalongthewesternAfricancoastwheretheysearchedforgoldandivory.Inthe17thcentury,theDutchsetupatradingpostattheCapeofGoodHope.ItgrewintoaDutchcolony(殖民地)untilthe19thcentury,whentheBritishtookover.Attheendofthe19thcentury,EuropeansruledmostofAfrica.TheysawthecontinentasamajorsourceofrawmaterialsthattheycouldbringbacktoEuropefortheiremergingindustries.Asaresult,theIndustrialRevolutiondidnottakeplaceinAfrica.Throughoutthecolonialperiod,EuropeancountriesfoughtforinfluenceandcontrolinAfrica.Inthe“Scramble(爭奪)forAfrica”,theydividedthecontinentintoareasofinterest.NativeAfricansoftenresistedcolonialgovernmentsandinmanyareas,theywerekilledinuprisings(起義).OneofthelastcountriestogainindependencewasRhodesia,today’sZimbabwe,whereblacksfoughtforoveradecadeagainsttheBritish.InSouthAfrica,whiteEuropeansgaveupcontrolofthecountryafterApartheid(種族隔離)endedinthe1990s.ManyAfricancountriesdidnotknowhowtodealwiththeirnewlygainedindependence,largelybecausetheyhadnoexperienceinadministratingandgoverninganation.Asaresult,civilwars,tribal(部落的)conflictsandpowerstrugglesbrokeout.TheyresultedindozensofwarsinAfricasincethe1960s.28.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph1?A.NubiawasthenpartofancientEgypt.B.SudanwasfoundedearlierthanEgypt.C.Africansweretheearliestpeopleonearth.D.AreasalongtheNileRivergreatlydeveloped.29.What’stheworstthingsthefirstEuropeanstoAfricadid?A.Theysoldlow-qualityitemstothenatives.B.TheytreatedthelocalAfricansasgoods.C.Theyhurtandmurderedthelocalpeople.D.Theyseizedlocalpeople’sfortunebyforce.30.WhywasAfricadividedintomanypartsbyEuropeans?A.Tofightagainstthelocalpeople’sresistance.B.TomakepartsofAfricaintotheircontrol.C.Todeveloptheeconomyofthelimitedparts.D.Topreventlocalpeoplegettingintoothercountries.31.Whydosomanycountriesgetintofightsaftergainingindependence?A.Theylackmanagingabilities. B.TheyareshortofresourcesC.Theywantmorefreeland. D.Theystillhavenocivilrights.〖答案〗28.D29.B30.B31.A〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了非洲的發(fā)展歷史以及近代非洲各個國家的政治社會現(xiàn)狀。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第一段講到“OldcivilizationsgrewalongthebanksoftheNileRiver.(古老的文明沿著尼羅河沿岸發(fā)展。)”這是第一段的中心句，接下來介紹了各個時期這一地區(qū)的變化發(fā)展，尤其是“After1000AD,greatempiresemergedinGhanaandotherareasinwesternAfrica.City-states,includingMogadishuandZanzibar,grewintopowerfultradingcentersinEastAfrica.(公元1000年后，加納和非洲西部的其他地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了大帝國。包括摩加迪沙和桑給巴爾在內(nèi)的城市國家發(fā)展成為東非強(qiáng)大的貿(mào)易中心)”因此可以推斷出尼羅河沿岸地區(qū)得到了極大的發(fā)展，故選D。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“TowardstheendoftheMiddleAgesthefirstEuropeanscametoAfrica.Fromtheearly1500son,theymademoneybybringingslavestoNorthAmerica.(中世紀(jì)末期，第一批歐洲人來到非洲。從15世紀(jì)初開始，他們通過將奴隸帶到北美來賺錢。)”可知第一批來到非洲的歐洲人做的最糟糕的事情是他們把當(dāng)?shù)氐姆侵奕水?dāng)作貨物，故選B?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Throughoutthecolonialperiod,EuropeancountriesfoughtforinfluenceandcontrolinAfrica.Inthe“Scramble(爭奪)forAfrica”,theydividedthecontinentintoareasofinterest.(在整個殖民時期，歐洲國家都在爭奪對非洲的影響力和控制權(quán)。在“爭奪非洲”中，他們將非洲大陸劃分為利益地區(qū)。)”可知?dú)W洲人把非洲分成許多部分是為了把非洲的部分地區(qū)置于他們的控制之下，故選B?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段講到“ManyAfricancountriesdidnotknowhowtodealwiththeirnewlygainedindependence,largelybecausetheyhadnoexperienceinadministratingandgoverninganation.(許多非洲國家不知道如何應(yīng)對新獲得的獨(dú)立，主要是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有管理和治理國家的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)”可知這么多國家在獲得獨(dú)立后會挑起戰(zhàn)爭是因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈芾砟芰?，故選A。DIreallyplacemanypeopleintotwocategorieswhenitcomestoshopping.Thefirstispeoplewhosimplylovedoingwindowshoppinganddoitquiteregularlymaybebecausetheyarereallygoodatspottingbargains.Theothercategory,whichIsupposeisobviousthatpeoplewhosimplydislikeshoppingforanything.Theyfinditveryboring,andfrustratinganddonotparticularlylikegoingtotheirlocalshoppingmallsforanything.TheywillprobablydoanythingtotryandgetawaywithshoppingforgiftsandIhadthesameproblemuntilIdiscoveredsomething.Thesimplediscoverywastoshoponlineforeverything.Thisisespeciallyfantasticwhenyouareshoppingonlineforgiftsbecausetherearesomanywebsitesouttherededicatedto(致力于)supplyingallkindsofgiftsforeveryoccasionyoucanthinkof.Thegreatestthingisthatyoucandothisfromthecomfortofyourownhomewithouthavingtoleaveandsitatacomputerwithanicemugofcoffeetohelp.Researchingisalwaysimportantbecauseyouneedtomakesurewhoeveryouaregoingtopurchasethisbeforeisgoingtolikeit.Youneedtomakesureofyourresearchedpricingtoensurethatyouaregettinggoodvalueformoney.Generally,onlineyouwillalwaysfindthingscheaperthanbuyingsomethinginastoreinyourlocalshoppingmall.Thefactthatthewebsitedoesnothavemanyoverheadswithstaffingandrent(租賃)givesthemtheopportunitytosellproductsatareducedprice.It’salsoimportantthatyoumakesurethewebsiteyoupurchasethingsfromhasagoodreputation.Checktheircustomerserviceandalsoreadanyfeedbackthattheymayhavefromcustomerswhohavealreadymadeapurchase.32.Whydosomepeoplelikedoingwindowshoppingbetter?A.Maybebecausetheyhavemoretimetokill.B.Maybebecausetheylikethebargainingoccasions.C.Maybebecausetheyliketoappearincrowdedplaces.D.Maybebecausetheydon’tknowhowtodoonlineshopping.33.Thebestfactorfortheauthortoshoponlineshouldbe______.A.hehasmuchmorespacetobargainwithsellersB.hehasthebraverytofollowthefashionsatpresentC.hecansurftofindsomanychoicesjustathomeD.heneedn’tdriveacarortakebusestofindstores34.Whyarethethingsonlinecheaperaccordingtotheauthor?A.Theshopownersintroducegoodswithbadquality.B.Theshopownersneedn’temploymanyworkers.C.Theshopownersspendmoreonrentthanthatataphysicalstore.D.Theshopownershavelessopportunitytosellproductsatareducedprice.35.Toensureyoubuythingsfromastandardshopyoucan______.A.calltheearlierbuyerforinformationB.surfearliercustomers’commentsonthewebsiteC.surftofindthepersonalinformationoftheshopownerD.turntothepoliceforadviceontheinformationoftheshopowner〖答案〗32.B33.C34.B35.B〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了網(wǎng)上購物的優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及注意事項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Thefirstispeoplewhosimplylovedoingwindowshoppinganddoitquiteregularlymaybebecausetheyarereallygoodatspottingbargains.(首先是那些喜歡逛街的人，他們經(jīng)常逛街，也許是因?yàn)樗麄冋娴暮苌朴诎l(fā)現(xiàn)便宜貨。)”可知有些人更喜歡逛街也許是因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g討價還價的場合，故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第二段講到“Thisisespeciallyfantasticwhenyouareshoppingonlineforgiftsbecausetherearesomanywebsitesouttherededicatedto(致力于)supplyingallkindsofgiftsforeveryoccasionyoucanthinkof.Thegreatestthingisthatyoucandothisfromthecomfortofyourownhomewithouthavingtoleaveandsitatacomputerwithanicemugofcoffeetohelp.(當(dāng)你在網(wǎng)上購物時，這尤其棒，因?yàn)橛泻芏嗑W(wǎng)站專門為你能想到的每一個場合提供各種禮物。最棒的是，你可以在自己舒適的家里做這件事，而不必離開，坐在電腦前喝一杯好咖啡。)”可知作者在網(wǎng)上購物的最佳因素應(yīng)該是他可以在家里上網(wǎng)，找到這么多選擇，故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到“Generally,onlineyouwillalwaysfindthingscheaperthanbuyingsomethinginastoreinyourlocalshoppingmall.Thefactthatthewebsitedoesnothavemanyoverheadswithstaffingandrent(租賃)givesthemtheopportunitytosellproductsatareducedprice.(一般來說，在網(wǎng)上你會發(fā)現(xiàn)比在當(dāng)?shù)刭徫镏行牡纳痰昀镔I東西便宜的東西。事實(shí)上，該網(wǎng)站在人員配備和租金方面沒有太多管理費(fèi)用，這讓他們有機(jī)會以更低的價格銷售產(chǎn)品。)”可知根據(jù)作者的說法，網(wǎng)上的東西更便宜是因?yàn)榈曛鞑恍枰蛡蚝芏喙と?，故選B。【35題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段講到“Checktheircustomerserviceandalsoreadanyfeedbackthattheymayhavefromcustomerswhohavealreadymadeapurchase.(查看他們的客戶服務(wù)，并閱讀他們可能從已經(jīng)購買的客戶那里得到的任何反饋。)”可知為了確保你從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的商店購買東西，你可以在網(wǎng)站上瀏覽早期客戶的評論，故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Awake?HereIsHowtoReturntoSleepItisusualforpeopletowakeupafewtimesduringthenight.Olderpeopleoftengetuptogotothebathroom.Wakingatnightusuallyisnotaproblem.Butwhataboutsomeotherpeople?Ifithappensafewtimesaweek,theremaybeatroublesomereason.____36____.Suchsleepdifficultiesarecalledinsomnia(失眠).Youmaywakeup,lookattheclockandworryaboutyourwork.Theremaybestressfulthingsonyourmind.Thesefeelingsmayactivateastresshormone(荷爾蒙)inyourbody.Ifyouworryaboutnotsleeping,itmaymakeithardertofallasleep.Whattodo.Ifyouareawake25minutesormore,getoutofbedanddosomethingquiet.____37____.Meditation(冥想)alsomaywork.Youmaysitonacouchandreadabookormagazineindimlight.Donotreadonasmartphoneoratabletinraylessplace.Trytogobacktosleep.___38___.Coffeecanstayinyourdigestivesystemwellintotheevening.Napping(打盹)lowersyourdrivetofallasleepintheevening.Avoidnappinglateintheday.Napnolaterthanearlyafternoon.____39____.Trytokeeptoaroutinescheduleforsleep.Thereisaproblemwhenyougotobedandwakeupatdifferenttimes.Studieshaveshownthatirregularbedtimesmayleadtoinsomnia.____40____,calledcircadianrhythms(晝夜節(jié)律).Theyworkon24-hourcycles.Ifyougetupduringthenighttogotothebathroom,limithowmuchwaterorliquidsyoudrinkafewhoursbeforebedtime.A.TrytoavoidnapsB.Avoidcoffeeafter2p.m.C.Anddonotnapanytimelongerthan30minutesD.GentlestretchesorbreathingexercisesmighthelpE.TheproblemhastodowiththesleepcycleofyourbodyF.HerearesomereasonsforthedifficultiesinyoursleepingG.Stressandanxietyaresomeofthereasonspeoplehavesleepdifficulties〖答案〗36.G37.D38.B39.C40.E〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幫助失眠的人恢復(fù)睡眠的幾條建議?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Suchsleepdifficultiesarecalledinsomnia(失眠).(這樣的睡眠困難被稱為失眠。)”此處強(qiáng)調(diào)“這樣的睡眠困難”，上文應(yīng)該與此呼應(yīng)，G選項(xiàng)“Stressandanxietyaresomereasonsforpeoplewhohavesleepdifficulties.(壓力和焦慮是人們睡眠困難的一些原因)”中的sleepdifficulties與下文的呼應(yīng)，并對“睡眠困難”進(jìn)行界定，符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Ifyouareawake25minutesormore,getoutofbedanddosomethingquiet.(如果你醒了25分鐘或更長時間，那就離開床，做一些安靜的事情。)”可知，本段介紹失眠時做的事，所以D選項(xiàng)“Gentlestretchesorbreathingexercisesmighthelp.(輕柔的拉伸或呼吸練習(xí)可能會有所幫助。)”中輕柔的拉伸或呼吸練習(xí)指代前文的somethingquiet，符合語境。故選D?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Coffeecanstayinyourdigestivesystemwellintotheevening.(咖啡會在你的消化系統(tǒng)中一直停留到晚上。)”可知，此處咖啡對失眠的影響。B選項(xiàng)“Avoidcoffeeafter2pm(下午2點(diǎn)以后不要喝咖啡)”符合語境。故選B?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Napnolaterthanearlyafternoon.(午睡時間不要晚于下午早些時候))”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)午睡對恢復(fù)睡眠的影響。C選項(xiàng)“Anddonotnapanytimelongerthan30minutes(午睡時間不要超過30分鐘)”同時指出午睡不要超過30分鐘，符合語境。故選C。【40題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Studieshaveshownthatirregularbedtimesmayleadtoinsomnia.(研究表明，就寢時間不規(guī)律可能會導(dǎo)致失眠.)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)睡眠不規(guī)律會導(dǎo)致失眠。E選項(xiàng)“Theproblemhastodowiththesleepcycleofyourbody(這個問題與你身體的睡眠周期有關(guān)。)”中的thisproblem與前文的irregularbedtimes相呼應(yīng)，解釋了為什么睡眠不規(guī)律會導(dǎo)致失眠。符合語境。故選E。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Kellerisafirst-gradeteacheratEllenWoodsideElementaryinGreenvilleCounty,SouthCarolina.Shewasonherwayhomewhenshenoticedalittleboy____41____hisbikedownabusyhighway.The____42____ofsuchayoungchildinthemidstofallthattraffic____43____her.So,shedecidedto____44____hercararound.Andwhenshedid