寶典專四必背詞匯表

2010年英語專業(yè)四級必備詞匯表American.美利堅合眾國,美洲African.非洲(略為Afr.)Canadan.加拿大propagandan.①ideas,falseortrueinformation,etc.spreadaboutofficially,esp.byagovernment宣傳,傳播②organsforpropaganda宣傳機構(gòu)propaganda作"宣傳、廣告"講時常常帶有貶義.【作者建議】此詞常含貶義,不可濫用.pandan.alargebearlikeanimalwithblackandwhitefur,originallyfromChina大熊貓agendan.thingstobedone;businesstobediscussedatameeting(會議)議程,日程,待議事項構(gòu)詞有法,擴散記憶!詞根ag意思為"做"(do,act),-end是名詞后綴,-a表示復(fù)數(shù).ag做+-end名詞后綴+-a復(fù)數(shù)→agenda→thingstobedone待做的事項→會議上待議的事項→議事日程.-a表示復(fù)數(shù)以-a結(jié)尾的詞:phenomena現(xiàn)象(復(fù)數(shù))→phenomenon現(xiàn)象(單數(shù));data資料(復(fù)數(shù))→datumn資料(單數(shù))【典型例句】Now,let'scometoitemNo.5ontheagenda.現(xiàn)在讓我們討論議事日程上的第五項.sodan.①chemicalsubstanceincommonuse,acompoundofsodium蘇打②sodawater蘇打水,汽水idean.aplan,thought,orsuggestionforapossiblecourseofaction計劃,主意,念頭【典型例句】Somebodyhadthebrightideaofrecordingthemeeting.有人想出了為會議錄音的好主意.【常用詞組】havenoidea不知道,無能為力/notone'sideaof對…無想法/putideasinsomeone'shead使某人存奢望.plean.①aneagerorseriousrequest懇求,請求②anexcuse辯解,托詞【典型例句】Theirpleaofnationalpovertyringsalittlehollow.他們關(guān)于國家貧困的托辭聽上去有些空洞.【常用詞組】copaplea承認有罪以求輕判pean..aroundgreenseed,usedforfood豌豆【常用詞組】aslikeastwopeas一模一樣arean.①surfacemeasure,extentofsurface面積②partoftheearth'ssurface;region地區(qū),地域sean.expanseofsaltwaterthatcoversmostoftheearth'ssurfaceandenclosesitscontinentsandislands;anypartofthis海,洋音同義異,最需注意!sea和see可以一起記憶,發(fā)音相同,但意思不同,由sea可聯(lián)想到river,ocean,seabed,coast,seasick,seaman等詞.【常用詞組】bysea乘船,由海路/onthesea在海邊,臨海/atsea在海上,茫然,迷惑/aseaof一大片,大量的/followthesea當(dāng)海員,做水手nausean.feelingofsickness(espascausedbybadfood)ordisgust;seasickness作嘔,惡心,暈tean.①evergreenshrubgrowninChina,India,etc.茶葉②drinkmadebypouringboilingwaterontheseleaves茶③asmallmeal,usu.servedintheafternoonwithacupoftea午后茶點抓住詞干,記住一串!與tea有關(guān)的詞:teagreen茶綠色;teakettle茶壺;teastrainer濾茶器;teatray茶盤;teaspoon茶匙sofan.largecomfortablepaddedseatwithraisedarmsandback,wideenoughfortwoormorepeople沙發(fā)encyclopadia/encyclopedian.book,orsetofbooks,givinginformationabouteverybranchofknowledgeoronsubject,witharticlesinABCorder.百科全書Indian.thecountryofIndian印度Australian.澳大利亞,大洋洲Oceanian.theislandsofthecentralandsouthPacific,includingMicronesia,Melanesia,Polynesia,andsometimesAustralasiaandtheMalayArchipelago大洋洲pneumonian.aseriousdiseaseofthelungswithinflammationanddifficultyinbreathing肺炎malarian.kindsoffeverconveyedbymosquitoes;whichintroducethegermsintotheblood瘧疾構(gòu)詞有法,擴散記憶!派生詞:malarial=malarianadj.瘧疾的,患瘧疾的;malariologyn.瘧疾學(xué);malariologistn.瘧疾學(xué)家,構(gòu)詞法:-logy是后綴,意思為processofstudy(研究過程).連接元音o連接詞與詞根,及詞根與后綴.這類構(gòu)詞方式在英語詞匯中很多,考生可以通過對其結(jié)構(gòu)的分析而達到理解其含義的目的.如:gastroenterology胃腸(病)學(xué);biology生物學(xué);physiology生物學(xué)cafeterian.restaurantatwhichcustomerscollecttheirmealsontraysatcountersandcarrythemtotables自助餐館同類聯(lián)想,擴散記憶!canteen,cafe,restaurant,eating-house,refectory,snackbar【典型例句】Acafeteriaisarestaurant,atwhichcustomerscollecttheirfoodontraysatcountersandcarrythemtotables.cafeteria是顧客自己從柜臺拿菜飯至餐桌食用的餐館.【常用詞組】acafeteriaquestion自選問答題【詞義辨析】canteen尤指工廠、辦公室、軍營里的小賣部;dining-hall(吃飯用的)餐廳;pub(俗)酒館Asian.亞洲Russian.俄羅斯,俄國gorillan.averylargeAfricanmonkeythatisthelargestofthemanlikemonkey大猩猩From:/tem4/cihui/2010-01-28/100161.htmlumbrellan.①anarrangementofclothoverafoldingframewithahandle,usedforkeepingrainoffthehead傘②aprotectingpower保護的力量,保護傘【典型例句】Whenhewasn'tlooking,shehungthehandleofherumbrellaovertheattendant'swrist,andwalkedawayquickly.趁他不注意,她把雨傘柄掛在管理員的手腕上,很快地走開了.villan.apleasenthousewithagarden,esp.oneinthecountryorusedforholidays別墅,郊外住宅formulan.①agenenallaw,rule,fact,etc.,expressedinashortformbymeansofagroupofletters,signs,numbers,etc.公式;方程式;分子式②alistofthechemicalsubstancesusedinmakingamedicine,afuel,adrink,etc.,sometimesalsoincludingadescriptionofhowtheyaretobemixed配方,處方③amethodorsetofprinciplesusedforgainingaparticularresult準則;原則;方案peninsulan.apieceoflandalmostcompletelysurroundedbywater半島draman.playforthetheatre,radioorTV;seriesofexcitingevents劇本,戲劇;戲劇性事件或場面panoraman.①acompleteviewoverawidearea風(fēng)景的全貌,全景照片②不斷變化的景象義近形異,擴散記憶!近義詞:scenic,view,scenery,prospect,overview【典型例句】ThisbookgivesapanoramaoflifeinEngland400yearsago.這本書再現(xiàn)了四百年前的英格蘭的生活圖景.cineman.①theatreinwhichfilmsareshown電影院②motionpicturesasanart-formoranindustry電影藝術(shù);電影事業(yè)diploman.certificateawardedforpassinganexamination,completingacourseofstudy,etc畢業(yè)證書,文憑【作者建議】diploma通常指大學(xué)"畢業(yè)證書,文憑,學(xué)位證書".小學(xué)、中學(xué)"畢業(yè)證書"和"某種"資歷合格證書"則多用certificate.diploma后接介詞in,表示某學(xué)科的畢業(yè)證書.在美國,中學(xué)的畢業(yè)證書,即文憑,有時也可用diploma,而其肄業(yè)證書有時可稱certificate或certificateofattendance.bananan.long,yellowskinnedfruit;thetreeonwhichitgrows香蕉,香蕉樹【作者建議】常用搭配:peelabanana剝香蕉皮;abandofbanana一簇香蕉arenan.centralpart,forgamesandfightsofaRomanamphitheatre;(fig)anysceneofstruggle古羅馬斗技場中央競技和搏斗的地方;(喻)任何競爭角逐的場所Chinan.中國chinan.bakedandglazedfinewhiteclay;articlesmadefromthis陶器;瓷器【常用詞組】chinacloset放置或展示瓷器杯皿的櫥柜algebran.branchofmathematicsusingsignsandletterstorepresentquantities代數(shù),代數(shù)學(xué)From:/tem4/cihui/2010-01-28/100161_2.htmlzebran.anAfricananimallookinglikeahorsewithbackandwhitelinesalloveritsbody斑馬【常用詞組】zebracrossing涂成斑馬紋的人行橫道eran.periodinhistory,startingfromaparticulartime,orevent紀元,時代,代舉例一番,可見一斑!anewera新時代;theChristianera公元,基督紀元【詞義辨析】epoch也指新時代,新紀元,強調(diào)某件事所帶來的劃時代意義,多用markanepochin..."開創(chuàng)一個新紀元".time指"時期",age"年代",這些詞只用指于表達普通意義的時間.cameran.apparatusfortakingstillphotographor(film/movie~)movingpicturesor(TV~)forreceivinglightimagesandtransformingthemforbroadcastingliveorforreceivingonvideotape照相機,電影攝像機【常用詞組】gointocamera(法官)入私室商議/incamera在法官的私室里/oncamera在攝制中/acameracrew電影(電視)攝影組operan.amusicalplayinwhichmanyorallthewordsaresung歌劇構(gòu)詞有法,擴散記憶!派生詞:operatica.歌劇的,似歌劇的;operaticallyadv.歌劇式地;operatizevt.將…改編成歌劇/復(fù)合詞:operacloakn.夜禮服,女披風(fēng);operagoesrn.經(jīng)常赴歌劇院者orchestran.alargegroupofmusicianswhoplaymusicforcombinationsofdifferentinstruments管弦樂隊音近形近,最需用心!orchardn.果園;orchestran.管弦樂隊extran.sth.forwhichanextrachargeismade額外的事物‖adv.morethanusually;inaddition特別地,非常地,除外extra除了作adj.,還可作adv.用來修飾adj.,意為"特別地,尤其",相當(dāng)于especially.visan.anofficialmarkputontoapassportgivingaforeignerpermissiontoenter,passthroughorleaveaparticularcountry簽證【常用詞組】anentryvisa入境簽證/anexitvisa出境簽證datan.(plofdadum)facts;thingscertainlyknown資料,材料【常用詞組】databank資料庫/dataprocessing資料處理/dataphone數(shù)據(jù)電話/datasheet數(shù)據(jù)表influenzan.flu流行性感冒cabn.①vehicle(nowusumotorised=taxicab)thatmaybehiredforshortjourneys出租汽車;計程車②partofarailwayengineforthedriverandfireman;partofabus,lorry,etcforthedriver火車機車內(nèi)供司機所坐之處;(公共汽車、卡車等之)司機室labn.shortforlaboratory(尤指化學(xué))實驗室crabn.ten-leggedshellfish;itsfleshasfood螃蟹,蟹肉構(gòu)詞有法,擴散記憶!派生詞:crabapple(口)脾氣壞的人;crabbedadj.潦草的,難懂的;crabbern.捕蟹人,好抱怨的人;crabbyadj.易怒的,好抱怨的;crablikeadj.似蟹的,似蟹行的;crabwiseadj.(常為僵硬或笨拙的方式)橫向的,蟹行般的cabn.①vehicle(nowusumotorised=taxicab)thatmaybehiredforshortjourneys出租汽車;計程車②partofarailwayengineforthedriverandfireman;partofabus,lorry,etcforthedriver火車機車內(nèi)供司機所坐之處;(公共汽車、卡車等之)司機室labn.shortforlaboratory(尤指化學(xué))實驗室crabn.ten-leggedshellfish;itsfleshasfood螃蟹,蟹肉構(gòu)詞有法,擴散記憶!派生詞:crabapple(口)脾氣壞的人;crabbedadj.潦草的,難懂的;crabbern.捕蟹人,好抱怨的人;crabbyadj.易怒的,好抱怨的;crablikeadj.似蟹的,似蟹行的;crabwiseadj.(常為僵硬或笨拙grab

v.

①totakeholdofwithasuddenroughmovement,esp.forabadorselfishpurpose攫取;抓?、趖ogetquicklyandperhapsunfairly搶先,搶占③tomakeasuddenattempttograb(急速地)抓住;抓牢‖n.asuddenattempttotakeholdofsomething試圖抓取;有意搶奪

【典型例句】Whenheruncledied,shegrabbedeverythingshecouldgetherhandson.她的叔叔死后,她把能弄到手的東西全部都據(jù)為己有.

【詞義辨析】grabv.急抓,搶;指粗暴地、過急地撲住或搶某物,可表示貪心的意思;snatchv.奪取,抓住;指突然猛力迅速地抓取某物.如:Thethiefsnatchedthewoman'sbag.那賊搶走了這婦女的提包.gripv.抱緊,握緊,指用手的最大的力量來抓某物.如:Thefrightenedchildgrippedhismother'sarm.受驚的孩子緊緊抓住他母親的胳膊.graspv.緊握,領(lǐng)會,指用手指頭、爪等緊緊抓住,用于比喻意義,則指完全了解.如:Didyougraspthemainpointsofthespeech?你是否領(lǐng)會了這演講的要點?

【常用詞組】grabat突然想抓住/makeagrabat有意搶奪,試圖抓取/upforgrabs供人競購的;待價而沽的

stab

v.pierce(sth.)orwound(sb.)withapointedtoolorweapon刺,戳

‖n.actofstabbing刺,戳【常用詞組】stabatsb.刺向某人/astabintheback暗箭傷人,背叛/stabsb.with…用某物刺某人

web

n.①anetofthinthreadsspunbysomeinsects,esp.spiders,totrapotherinsects蜘蛛網(wǎng)

②adetailedarrangementornetwork網(wǎng)狀組織

【作者建議】上網(wǎng)常見的縮寫www,即是worldwideweb之意.

rib

n.oneofthe12pairsofbonesrunningroundthechestofamanoranimal,fromthespinetowheretheyjoinatthefront肋骨

lamb

n.youngsheep;itsfleshasfood羔羊,小羊(肉)

climb

vt&

vi

goorgetupordown;gohigher,gainheight

攀登;爬上;升

‖n.climbing,place(tobe)climbed

攀登;攀登之地

bomb

n.hollowmetalballorshellfilledwithexplosiveforcausingdestructiononbursting炸彈

‖v.drop

bombson扔下炸彈

突破拼寫,問題解決!

注意以mb結(jié)尾的詞b不發(fā)音combn.梳子;towbn.墳?zāi)?thumbn.拇指;climbv.爬

comb

n.①pieceofmetal,rubber,plastic,etcwithteethforcleaningthehair,makingittidy

梳子②redfleshycrestoffowl

雞冠

tomb

n.holedugintheground,etc.foradeadbody,esp.onewithastonemonumentoverit墓，(穴)墳

構(gòu)詞有法,擴散記憶!由tomb聯(lián)想到tombstonen.墓碑

dumb

adj.①unabletospeak

啞的

②temporarilysilent

暫時沉默的

③stupid;dull

笨的,愚蠢的

【常用詞組】

dumbfrombirth

生來即啞/strikedumb

使嚇呆,(因恐懼等)說不出話/dumbshow啞劇

plumb

n.amassofleadtiedtotheendofastringusedtofindoutthedepthofwaterorwhetherawallisbuiltexactly

upright鉛錘,測錘‖v.①tomeasurewithaplumb用鉛錘測量②tofindoutthemeaningof探測,了解

thumb

n.shortthickfingersetapartfromtheotherfour拇指

‖v.turnoverthepagesof(abook);make(abook,pages)wornordirtybydoingthis翻動,把書本翻動(舊)

同類聯(lián)想,擴散記憶!由thumb聯(lián)想到index食指;形近詞:numb麻木的;dumb啞的

【常用詞組】undersb.'sthumb受…控制/beallthumbs笨手笨腳的/bitethethumbsat對…嗤之以鼻

crumb

n.verysmallpieceofdryfood,espabitofbreadorcakerubbedoffordroppedfromalarge

piece面包屑,糕餅屑

job

n.①regularpaidemployment工作,職位②apieceofwork(一件)工作③somethinghardtodo費勁

的事,難做的工作

辨析異同,應(yīng)考從容!注意job與work的異同

同:都表示"工作".

異:work是不可數(shù)名詞,而job是可數(shù)名詞.

構(gòu)詞有法,擴散記憶!派生詞:jobbern.股票經(jīng)紀人;jobbinga.做零工的,干散工的;joblessa.失業(yè)的,無職業(yè)的;復(fù)合詞:jobcentren.(英國政府的)職業(yè)介紹所,就業(yè)服務(wù)中心;joblotn.成批出售的雜貨;jobsharingn.兩個平均分擔(dān)一份全職工作

【典型例句】I'mlookingforanewjob,onewhereIgetabitmore

jobsatisfaction.

我正在尋找一份新工作,一份能從中得到更大滿足感的職業(yè).

【常用詞組】outofajob失業(yè)/onthejob在上班時,在干活時/makethebestofabadjob不利的情況下盡力而為/givesomethingupasabadjob對某事不再抱有希望/justthejob正是想要的東西

epidemicn.&adj.spreadingrapidlyamongmanypeopleinthesameplaceforatime流行的,傳染的,流行性的‖n.①diseasespreadingrapidly傳染?、趕preading(ofadisease)(疾病的)流行,蔓延

comic

adj.

①causingpeopletolaugh

使人發(fā)笑的;滑稽的

②o