新概念3B-Unit18-Learning-the-rules市公開課一等獎省賽課微課金獎?wù)n件

3BU18

Learningtherules!1/44Newwordsandexpressionswhisperv.耳語，低語upstairsadv.在樓上afraidadj.擔(dān)心whetheradv.是否fightv.打斗wonderv.想知道2/44mysteryn.秘密，神秘martialart

武術(shù)competitionn.比賽akindof一個(gè)

rulen.規(guī)則Whatkindofrulesdoyouhaveathome/atschool?3/44Newwordsandexpressionswhisper：speaksoftly，inalowvoiceeg："Keepyourvoicedown,"Iwhispered.短語：inawhisper低聲地，悄聲地upstairs：goupstairseg：He

led

us

to

a

room

upstairs.

afraidbeafraidthat害怕做某事eg：I'm

afraid

this

task

isbeyond

me.

4/44Newwordsandexpressionswhether：ifEg：1.He

worriedabout

whether

his

plan

would

beaccepted.

2.Think

itover

andlet

meknow

whether

you

agreewith

me.fight詞組：fightfor為…而戰(zhàn)，而奮斗fightagainstv.反抗；反對；與……作斗爭fightwith與…并肩戰(zhàn)斗；為反對…而戰(zhàn)斗；與…打架5/44是否比賽擔(dān)心想知道在樓上耳語神秘打斗單詞記憶大比拼依據(jù)漢語說出英語單詞.6/44單詞記憶大比拼依據(jù)英語說出漢語意思.mysterymartialart

fightwonder

whetherafraidupstairswhisper7/44Martialart8/44Karate9/44

yet用于疑問句，否定句，意為：迄今。=Askedaboutwhat?What/Howabout+v.ingeg.Howaboutgoingtothezoo?間接疑問句ask與tell，使用方法類似注意現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)疑問句，陳說句。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行表正在發(fā)生！10/44

.1.注意現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)2.just為焦點(diǎn)副詞，不只是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志。11/44慣用未來時(shí)，預(yù)測不希望發(fā)生事。間接陳說句反身代詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語問詢某人及答句。want使用方法。12/44主句普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用未來時(shí)。let+v.原形~間接疑問句13/44all分配詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)（間接陳說句）mean表了解和宣城動詞，如know，believe，say，see等通常無現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)否定反義疑問句，表期望得到對方必定回答。14/44fightv-ing形式all為adj,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)?？紤]下和every使用方法區(qū)分。15/44直接陳說句———間接陳說句beafraidthat，know，mean表示間接陳說句Shewon’tletmelearnkarate.——Idon’tthink（that）she’llletmelearnkarate.1.Sheprobablywon’tletmelearnkarate.(afraid)2.She’llsayno.(sure)3.She’llprobablysayno.(afraid)4.Doyoumind?(mean)16/44直接疑問句————間接疑問句ask（someone）if/whether和knowif/whether表示間接疑問句，whether表示對答案更不確定在if/whether后面用陳說句語序（主語+動詞）類似引述動詞：know，ask，findout，wonder，mind,findout等Directquestion：Isitraining？Indirectquestion：Heaskedif/whetheritwasraining.17/44直接疑問句—————間接疑問句1.Willyoulethimlearnkarate?2.Canhelearnkarate?3.HaveyouaskedMumaboutkaratelessons?4.Wherearegoing？5.Canheski?6.WillPauljointheprogram?7.She’llstayatthelibrary.8.Hasshefoundajob?9.Issheenjoyingherjob?10.Arethetrainsrunningontime?18/44present(now)futurepast

PresentPerfectTense

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去現(xiàn)在未來19/44主語+have/has+過去分詞（pp）助動詞表示,幫助動詞來組成時(shí)態(tài)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)Mymom

has

comeback.20/44Youhaveplantedallthetrees.Ihaveplantedallthetrees.He/shehasplantedallthetrees.Theyhaveplantedallthetrees.

區(qū)分have和has使用方法

主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用has21/44主語+have/has+過去分詞（pp）否定形式haven’t(havenot）+過去分詞

hasn’t(hasnot)+過去分詞疑問句把助動詞have/has放在句首

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)否定句和疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)注：主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用has22/441、規(guī)則改變（過去分詞與過去時(shí)改變規(guī)則一樣）(1)、普通動詞，在詞尾直接加“ed”。

work---worked---workedvisit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”結(jié)尾動詞，只在詞尾加“d”。

live---lived,like—liked

過去分詞23/44(3)、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾動詞，將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，再加“ed”。，

study---studied---studiedcry---cried---cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ed”。

stop---stopped---stoppeddrop---dropped--dropped24/443、不規(guī)則改變（過去分詞與過去式形式不一樣）take—took—takenspeak—spoke—spokensing—sang—sungdrive—drove—drivenbe—was/were—beengo—went—gone25/442、不規(guī)則改變（過去分詞與不規(guī)則動詞過去式形式一樣）have—had—hadspend—spent—spentmake—made—madensay—said—saidfind—found—foundhear—heard—heard26/444、不規(guī)則改變（過去分詞，過去式與動詞原形一樣）cut—cut—cutput—put—putlet—let—letread—read—readcut---cut---cut27/441)表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛才完成動作。Nowwehaveplantedallthetrees.Hehasjustcomeback.Theyhavebuiltmanybuildingsinthiscity.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)使用方法28/44Mother:Dearson,cleanyourteethplease.Son:Mum,Ihavealready(已經(jīng))cleaned

them.Mother:Dear,tellyourfathertohavebreakfastplease.Son:Mum,dadhashad

breakfast

.29/44Father:Tellyourmothertobuysomemilk,son.Son:Oh,shehasjust(剛才)boughtsome.30/44Mother:Dear,youmustcleanourhousetoday?Father:Honey,wehavejust(剛才)cleanedourhouse.31/442)表示過去發(fā)生動作對現(xiàn)在影響，更強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。Someonehasbrokenthewindow.(窗戶現(xiàn)在是壞)Ihavealreadylostthekey.(我現(xiàn)在沒有鑰匙)Ihaven’treadthatbookyet.(不了解書內(nèi)容)Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.(手是潔凈)常與already(已經(jīng)),yet(已經(jīng)),just(剛才),ever(曾經(jīng))等詞連用.already:慣用于必定句中.yet:慣用于否定句,疑問句尾.32/443)表示從過去開始并連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在動作或狀態(tài)，常與包含現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)一段時(shí)間狀語連用。

ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.HehaslivedinBeijingsincehewasborn.HashelivedinShenzhenfor4years?常與for,since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間短語或從句連用.for+時(shí)間段

since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),since+句子33/44Pattern1(picture110-130)A:HasClairefoundajob?B:I‘llaskherifshe’sfoundonePattern2.(picture140--150)A:IwonderifClaire’sfoundajob.B:Idon’tknow.I’llaskherifshehas.Pattern3160—170A:ImustknowwhetherClair’sfoundajobornot?B:Leaveittome.Icanfindoutwhethershe’sfoundone.34/44注：并非全部for作為時(shí)間狀語句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.(我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這里工作了)Ihaveworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.（現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作）35/44since:(自…以來)1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+時(shí)間段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+從句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(長達(dá)）for+時(shí)間段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for使用方法:

Takenotes

36/44用for或since填空Mr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone______amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme______mybirthday.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_____years.Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsince37/44注意:瞬間動詞不能和時(shí)間段連用.

瞬間動詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy··········38/44method1:

動作

狀態(tài)diebeoverleaveborrow/buyarrivebeginend/finishjoinmarrykeep/hadbeawaybeherebeon(上演）bemarriedbeinbedead39/44他爺爺已經(jīng)逝世2年了。

Nick從軍3年了.

他離開深圳好長時(shí)間了。這本書我已借了4個(gè)月了.Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.Ihavekeptthebookfor4months.40/44method2:

Itis+時(shí)間段

since+普通過去時(shí)句子.他爺爺已經(jīng)逝世2年了。

Nick從軍3年了.

他離開深圳好長時(shí)間了。這本書我已借了4個(gè)月了.Itis

2years

sincehisgrandpadied.Itis

3years

sinceNick

joinedthearmy.Itis

alongtime

sinceheleftShenzhen.Itis

4months

sinceIborrowedthebook.41/44辨析havebeento和havegonetoMyfatherhasgonetoShanghaiforameeting.他（已經(jīng)）去了上海。Myfatherhasbe