2023年12月英語四級押題密卷（NO.5）

2023年12月英語四級押題密卷（NO.5）PartI Writing (30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheImportanceofChangebycommentingonthesaying“Ifyou’repreparedtoadaptandlearn,youcantransform.”Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartII ListeningComprehension (25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Itwillbedisconnectedforrepainting.Ithasbongedformorethan168years.Itwillstopringingforfouryears.Itwillstopringingforfouryears.A)Tokeepthefamoustimepiececlean.workingforfuturegenerations.Toreplacethebellofthefamoustimepiece.Toreconstructthebuildingandtheclock.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Theymustshowtheirpersonalitiesthroughclothing.Theymustwearalmostallwhite.Theymusthighwhitesocks.Theymustimpressthecrowdwiththeirclothing.A)Herankedthefourthinthetournament.Hewonthetitleinthetournament.socksinthetournament.withblackstripes.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.newlyformedbeach. C)Thereturnofanoldbeach.B)Therevivedtravelbusiness. D)Thereturnofseaweed.beganreturninginApril.Itwascoarseatfirst.Itformedafteraseriesofhurricanes.Itbeganreturninglastyear.A)Itisthewestern-mostpartofEurope. C)IthassixBlueFlagbeachesalready.ItisapartofIreland. D)Itisrainyallyearround.關(guān)注公眾號【小古月資料鋪】獲取更多資料SectionBDirections：Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Lookforamissingfile.Mark“Confidential”onafile.Makeacopyofafile.tothestaff.newchairrange.watchrange.Anewdeskrange.Anewcuprange.A)Becausetheyfoundsomeonesuspicious.Becausethemanlostthekeyofthesafe.Becausethewomanlostanewdesign.Becausethemanlostthepaymentofthismorning.A)Kind-hearted. B)Terrible. C)Strange. D)Humorous.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Open. B)Polite. C)Creative. D)Selfish.A)SheissickofBritishcustom.Shelikesdrinkingcoffee.ShehasbeentoBritainforfouryears.Shedoesn’tspeak“please”sooften.A)Stupid. B)Friendly. C)Terrible. D)Considerate.A)Theyusemanywordstosaythings.Theyapologizeallthetime.smileontheirface.inothers’shoes.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.basedonknowledgelevel.basedoncognitivelevel.Itisrandom.Itiscontroversial.A)Someteachersworktogethertoteachoneclass.Differentteachersseetomusicandphysicaleducation.hasbeenreformedtomeetstudents’demand.Oneteacherisprimarilyresponsibleforoneclass.A)Thepreferenceforscience. C)Theteachingsubjects.Theteachingmethods. D)Theteachinggoals.關(guān)注公眾號【小古月資料鋪】獲取更多資料Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Buildingcyclepathsontheroad.Publicizingtheadvantagesofcycling.Providingfacilitiesforcyclists.Raisingfaresofpublictransport.A)Itisquickerandcheaper. C)Itdoesn’tneedanyeffort.Itrequireslesscommitment. D)Itenablesonetoloseweightfaster.A)Cyclistshavebiggermuscles. C)Cyclistsareslimmer.Cyclistssuffernopain. D)Cyclistshardlycatchacold.onthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itissoothing. C)Itisluxurious.Itisstriking. D)Itisfortunate.A)Itmakesthemcoolandmysterious.Itissimilartothecolourofthesky.Itgivesasenseofbeingdependable.Itindicateswealthandsecurity.A)Itmakesanenvironmentallyfriendlyimpression.Itattractscustomers’attentiongreatly.Itimpliesgrowthandmovement.Itimitatesthecolouroftrafficlights.A)Itwasdifficulttoproducethedyeinthepast.Itisthechoiceofmanychocolatecompanies.Itwasthecolourusedbyroyalfamiliesonly.Itmakesproductsseemunique.PartⅢ ReadingComprehension (40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Myco-teacherandImetintheparkinglotbeforeschoolandstaredintomycartrunkatthecostumesandpropswehadgatheredovertheweekend.Weweregiddywithexcitementandnervousbecauseneitherofushad26anythinglikethisbefore.Theco-teacher,Alice,hadfoundabookcalledTeachingContentOutrageouslybyStanleyPogrow,whichexplainedhowsecondaryclassroomscanincorporatedramaintoanycontentto27studentsinlearning—incorporatingtheelementofsurprise,forexample,ordevelopingrole-playorsimulationexperiencestoteachcontentandstandards.Thebookinspiredustochangehowwetaughtourseventh-gradelanguage-artsstudentsinahigh-povertyschoolthat28withtestscores,especiallyreadingandmath.Thesenseofurgencyinthebuildingwas29,andthepressureonteacherstoincreasestudentachievementwasoften30.Thedistrictrequiredustoteachacurriculum31alignedwitha15-year-oldreadingtextbookcontainingoutdatedarticlesaboutRickyMartin,icefishing,andcartographyina(n)thatitwasbothcondescendingand33.Butdistrictpersonnelinsistedthatteachersusethetextbook,citingevidencethatitbroughtuptestscores.關(guān)注公眾號【小古月資料鋪】獲取更多資料attemptdesignatedengageextentinnovativelynonexistentobviousI)persuadeJ)placeK)rigidlyL)riskM)struggledN)triedO)uninterestingThe34curriculum,wedecided,wouldneverbeenoughtoencourageourstudentstolovereadingandwriting.attemptdesignatedengageextentinnovativelynonexistentobviousI)persuadeJ)placeK)rigidlyL)riskM)struggledN)triedO)uninterestingSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.CorporateAmbitions:Amazon,theWorld’sMostRemarkableFirm,IsJustGettingStartedAmazonisanextraordinarycompany.TheformerbookselleraccountsformorethanhalfofeverynewdollarspentonlineinAmerica.Itistheworld’sleadingproviderofcloudcomputing.ThisyearAmazonwillprobablyspendtwiceasmuchontelevisionasHBO,acablechannel.Itsown-brandphysicalproductsincludebatteries,almonds,suitsandspeakerslinkedtoavirtualvoice-activatedassistantthatcancontrol,amongotherthings,yourlampsandsprinkler.YetAmazon’sshareholdersareworkingonthepremisethatitisjustgettingstarted.Sincethebeginningof2015itssharepricehasjumpedby173%,seventimesquickerthaninthetwopreviousyears(and12timesfasterthantheS&P500index).Withamarketcapitalization(市值)ofsome$400bn,itisthefifth-most-valuablefirmintheworld.Neverbeforehasacompanybeenworthsomuchforsolongwhilemakingsolittlemoney:92%ofitsvalueisduetoprofitsexpectedafter2020.Thatisbecauseinvestorsanticipatebothanextraordinaryriseinrevenue,fromsalesof$136bnlastyeartohalfatrillionoverthenextdecade,andajumpinprofits.ThehopesinvestedinitimplythatitwillprobablybecomemoreprofitablethananyotherfirminAmerica.Groundforskepticismdoesnotcomemuchmorefertilethanthis:Amazonwillhavetogrowfasterthanalmostanybigcompanyinmodernhistorytojustifyitsvaluation.Canitpossiblydoso?Itiseasytotickoffsomeofthepitfalls(隱患).Rivalswillnotstandstill.Microsofthascloud-computingambitions;Walmartalreadyhasrevenuesnudging$500bnandisbeefinguponline.IfanythinghappenedtoJeffBezos,Amazon’sfounderandboss,thegapwouldbeexceptionallyhardtofill.Butthestrikingthingaboutthecompanyishowmuchoachanceithasofachievingsuchunprecedentedgoals.Thisislargelyduetothefirm’sunusualapproachtotwodimensionsofcorporatelife.Thefirstoftheseistime.Inanerawhenexecutivesroutinelywhingeabout(發(fā)牢騷)pressuretoproduceshort-termresults,Amazonisresolutelyfocusedonthedistanthorizon.Mr.Bezosemphasisescontinualinvestmenttopropel(推動)itstwoWebServices(AWS),itscloud-computingarm.Ine-commerce,themoreshoppersAmazonlures,themoreretailersandmanufacturerswanttoselltheirgoodsonAmazon.ThatgivesAmazonmorecashfornewservices—suchastwo-hourshippingandmusic—whichenticemoreshoppers.Similarly,themorecustomersuseAWS,themoreAmazoncaninvestinnewservices,whichattractmorecustomers.Athirdvirtuouscircleisstartingtowhirl迅速旋轉(zhuǎn))aroundAlexa,thefirm’svoice-activatedassistant:asdevelopersbuildservicesforAlexa,itbecomesmoreusefultoconsumers,givingdevelopersreasontocreateyetmoreservices.Solongasshareholdersretaintheirfaithinthismodel,Amazon’sheadyvaluationresemblesa關(guān)注公眾號【小古月資料鋪】獲取更多資料self-fulfillingprophecy.Thecompanywillbeabletokeepspending,anditsspendingwillkeepmakingitmorepowerful.TheirfaithissustainedbyAmazon’srecord.Ithashaditsfailures—itsattempttomakeasmartphonewasadebacle.Butthebusinessisstartingtocrankout(快速大量地制造)cash.Lastyearcashflow(beforeinvestment)was$16bn,morethanquadruplethelevelfiveyearsago.IfAmazon’sapproachtotime-framesiscompetitors,astooisthesheerbreadthofitsactivities.Thecompany’slistofcurrentandpossiblecompetitors,asdescribedinitsannualfilings,includeslogisticsfirms,searchengines,socialnetworks,foodmanufacturersandproducersof“physical,digitalandinteractivemediaofalltypes”.Awingspanthislargeismorereminiscentofaconglomerate(大型聯(lián)合企業(yè))thanaretailer,whichmakesAmazon’ssharepriceseemevenmorebloated:stockmarketstypicallyapplya“conglomeratediscount”toreflecttheirinefficencies.ManyoftheseservicessupportAmazon’sownexpansionandthatofothercompanies.TheobviousexampleisAWS,whichpowersAmazon’soperationsaswellasthoseofotherfirms.ButAmazonalsorentswarehousespacetoothersellers.Itisbuildinga$1.5bnair-freighthub(中心)inKentucky.Itistestingtechnologyinstorestoletconsumersskipthecashregisteraltogether,andexperimentingwithdronedeliveriestothehome.Suchtoolscouldpresumablyserveothercustomers,too.SomethinkthatAmazoncouldbecomeanewkindofonethatprovidestheinfrastructureofcommerce,fromcomputingpowertopaymentstologistics.AndhereliesrealproblemwiththeexpectationssurroundingAmazon.Ifitgetsanywhereclosetofulfillingthem,itwillattentionofregulators.Fornow,Amazonisunlikelytotriggerantitrust(反壟斷的)action.ItisnotyetthebiggestretailerinAmerica,itsmostmaturemarket.America’santitrustenforcerslookmainlyatafirm’seffectonconsumersandpricing.Seenthroughthislens,antitrustenforcerslookmainlyatafirm’seffectonconsumersandpricing.Seenthroughthislens,Amazonappearspristine(處于原始狀態(tài)的).Consumersapplaudit;itisthemostwell-regardedcompanyinAmericaaccordingtoaHarrispoll.(AWSisaboontostartups,too.)Butasitgrows,sowillconcernsaboutitspower.Evenonstandardantitrustgrounds,thatmayposeaproblem:ifitmakesasmuchmoneyasinvestorshope,aroughcalculationsuggestsitsearningscouldbeworththeequivalentof25%ofthecombinedprofitsoflistedWesternretailandmediafirms.Butregulatorsarealsochangingthewaytheythinkabouttechnology.InEurope,Googlestandsaccusedofusingitscloutasasearchenginetoextenditspowertoadjacentbusinesses.Thecomparativeimmunityfromlegalliabilityofdigitalplatforms—forthepostingofinflammatorycontentonFacebook,say,orthevettingofdriversonUber—isbeingchippedaway.Amazon’sbusinessmodelwillalsoencourageregulatorstothinkdifferently.InvestorsvalueAmazon’sgrowthoverprofits;thatmakespredatorypricingmoretempting.Infuture,firmscouldincreasinglydependontoolsprovidedbytheirbiggestrival.IfAmazondoesbecomeautilityforcommerce,thecallswillgrowforittoberegulatedasone.ShareholdersarerighttobelieveinAmazon’spotential.Butsuccesswillbringitintoconflictwithanevenstrongerbeast:government.itse-commerce,AWSandAlexavoiceserviceforward.37.ThereislesschanceofAmericangovernmentfilinganantitrustlawsuitagainstAmazonbecauseofitsscalearetailerandcustomers’positivecomments.38.ThetwopotentialperilsfacedbyAmazoncomefromitscompetitorsanditsleaderJeffBezosrespectively.39.Amazonusedtosellbooksonline,butnowthecompanyhasexpandeditsbusinessscopeintoprovidingcloudcomputingandmanufacturingitsownphysicalproducts.It’sbelievedthatAmazonwillofferinfrastructureofcommercewithitsAWS,rentalwarehousespace,checkout-freeshoppingtechnologyanddronedelivery.ThedevelopmentofAmazonandthechangingattitudeofregulatorstowardstechnologywillpossiblybringAmazonantitrusttroubleinthefuture.Amazon’sexecutiveshaven’texperiencedthesamepressureastheircounterpartsinothercompaniesduetocontinuinginvestingine-commerceandAWS.關(guān)注公眾號【小古月資料鋪】獲取更多資料Amazonremainssohighinmarketvalueforsolongbutsosmallinprofitthatnoothercompanyinhistorycanmatchwithit.smartphones,thisbusinessisnowturningaprofit.Theinvestors’doubleexpectationsforAmazonsuggestthatitislikelytobecomethemostprofitablecompanyinAmerica.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thinktoday’skidswanttobedoctorsorlawyers?No.YouTubestardom(明星)itthenumberonedreamcareerforyoungpeopletoday,atleastaccordingtoawidelypublicizedsurveybyaBritishnewspaper.Theappealisobvious:Some20-somethingsaremakingmillionsbyplayingvideogamesorsharingbeautytipsonline.Butthepressureofhavingtoendlesslyproduceoriginalcontentthatmakesthemlookaccessible,transparent,andauthentichasproventoomuchforsomepeople,includingEssenaO’Neill.Theformersocialmediafigurewentpublicinherpostsaboutexperiencingsymptomsofdepressionandanxietyfromlivinganoverexposedlife.Livingprofessionallyonlinehasalsobeenachallengefor24-year-oldLaurenRiihimaki.SixmillionpeoplefollowherYouTubechannel,LaurDIY,whichcoverstopicsrangingfromhomedecoratingtoheradoptionofalovelylittledog.Mostofthesestarsarebetweentheagesof20and26.Unlikemoviestarsorrockstars,thesevideostarsdomostoftheirworkthemselves.They’reresponsibleforeverythingfromdevelopinganidea,tophysicallyproducingit,tostarringinit,todirectingit,toeditingit,toprogrammingit,topromotingandmarketingAndtokeeptheirhungryaudiencessatisfied,theyshouldbedoingallthatatleasttwiceaweek.That’swhyLaurenRiihimakicameclosenotjusttoburningout,butbreakingdown.ShehasovercomeandpushedtheboundariesofheranxietysoinsanelysinceshestartedYouTube.Sheseesapsychologistandshe’sonmedication(藥物治療Andthat’sbeenworkingforher.DanaJulian,aLosAngelespsychologist,saysoneofthehardestthingsaboutmanaginglifeasaYouTubestarismakingacareeroutofsomethingthatcanbeanaddiction.AnyonewithaFacebook,TwitterorInstagramaccountisfamiliarwiththerushtoshowoff.Butnow,imagineitmagnified(放大)bymillionsofclicks,likesandfollowers.ForYouTubestars,whenthey’reclearlyoverwhelmed,theyshouldbetoldtogetofflineforawhile.Stopbeingabrand.Takesometime,justtobeapersonagain.WhyisYouTubestardomthenumberonedreamcareerforyoungpeople?A)Theyprefertosharetheirbeautysecretsonline.consideritthebestwaytomakealiving.Theyareattractedbythewaytomakeafortune.Theywishtobecomewell-knownandwealthy.WhatdoweknowaboutEssenaO’Neill?Shesufferedfromanxietybecauseofherlovelife.Shepretendedtobeauthenticandaccessible.Shewasoverburdenedwithdebtandwork.Shemightnotbeasocialmediastaranymore.關(guān)注公眾號【小古月資料鋪】獲取更多資料WhatcanweconcludeaboutLaurenRiihimaki?Shehasadoptedmorethanonelittledog.Sheisontheedgeofchaosandconfusion.Shehasbecomesensitiveandconfusion.Sheismakingprogresswiththehelpofanexpert.starsorrockstars,videostarsprobably .havemoreskillsworklongerhourshavetobestrongerhavefeweraudiencesyoungpeopledreamtobevideostarsbecauseof .interest B)vanity C)enlightenment D)curiosityPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Fordecades,biobankinghasbeenheldupasanessentialresearchtool.Whilefewdoubtthescientificvalueofhavingcataloguesofwell-characterizedtissues,cells,andothersamples,theseresearchplatformshavealsogeneratedasignificantamountoflegalandmoralcontroversy,especiallyinthecontextofconsentandthecontrolofresearchsamples.Throughouttheworld,billionsofpublicandprivatedollarshavebeeninvestedinbiobanksandmillionsofindividualshavebeenaskedtodonatebiologicalmaterialandpersonalinformation.But,atthesametime,thereremainsdeepuncertaintyaboutfundamentallegalandmoralnorms.Legalscholarshavearguedthatthemostcommonlyusedformofconsent—thatis,broadoropenconsent—doesnotadheretorelevantlegalnorms,whichwouldseemtorequireamorecomprehensiveandspecificapproachtotheconsentprocess.Becausethedetailsoffutureworkcannotbeknown,thisapproachmeansprovidingresearchparticipantswithfarlessinformationthanistraditionallydisclosed(披露)inthecaseofspecificconsent.Itistruethatmanystudieshaveconsistentlyfoundthat,forthemostpart,thepublicsupportsbiobankinginitiativesandtruststheresearchcommunity.Butthatsupportandtrustarefragile.Therear