語法講解比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)課件八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)

比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

（一）

Comparative&SuperlativeDegrees比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)：一、形容詞\副詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成：1.一般在詞尾加-er構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，加-est構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。如：longcoldfreshsmartquiet

longer

longest

colder coldest

fresher

freshest

smarter

smartest

quieter

quietestA.規(guī)則變化：2.以e結(jié)尾的直接在其后加-r構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，加-st構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。如：nicelargecutelate

nicer

nicest

larger largest

cuter

cutest

later

latest

3.只有一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，要雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母再加-er構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，加-est構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。如：hotthinbigwetfatred

hotter

hottest

thinnerthinnest

bigger

biggestwetter

wettest

fatter

fattest

redderreddest(大紅濕熱肥瘦)4.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，去y，再加-ier構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，加-iest構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。如：earlyheavyhappyhealthylazyfunny

earlier

earliest

heavier heaviest

happier

happiest

healthier

healthiest

lazier

laziest

funnier funniest5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞前面加more或themost構(gòu)成比較級(jí)或是最高級(jí)。如：beautifuldangerousactiveimportantusefulcarefullyexpensivedeliciousdifficultpopular

morebeautiful

the

mostbeautifulmoredangerous themostdangerousmoreactive themostactivemoreimportant themostimportantmoreuseful themostusefulmorecarefully themostcarefullymoreexpensive themostexpensivemoredelicious themostdeliciousmoredifficult themostdifficultmorepopular themostpopular

特殊：部分雙音節(jié)單詞也借助more,most:lovely,tired,famous,slowly,serious兩種皆可：friendly,clever,oftenB.不規(guī)則變化。如：

better bestworse worstmore mostless leastolder

oldestelder eldestfarther farthest

further furthestgood\wellbad\ill\badlymany\muchlittleoldfar“兩好”“三壞”“兩多”“一小”“一老”“一遠(yuǎn)”strongtallnicebravestrongernicerstrongestnicestbigfatthinlazyuglybiggerlazierbiggestlaziesttallertallestbraverbravestfatterfattestthinnerthinnestuglierugliest2b二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：比較級(jí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：他比我高。Heistallerthanme.他跑得比我快。Herunsfasterthanme.這本書比那本有趣。Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.用于兩個(gè)人或事物之間進(jìn)行比較。than后邊的比較對(duì)象可以是一個(gè)詞，一個(gè)短語或一個(gè)句子。比較級(jí)+than+比較對(duì)象他比你早。Heisearlierthanyou.1.可以修飾比較級(jí)的程度副詞:四A：alot,alittle,abit,agreatdeal確實(shí)：rather 仍然：still 沒有：no任何：any …得多：much(many)甚至：even 遠(yuǎn)：far2.只能修飾原級(jí)的詞：very,quite,so,too四A確實(shí)仍然沒有任何馬騎，甚至說，怎么走遠(yuǎn)？B.比較級(jí)前表程度的詞：Jane

比

Maria

漂亮得多。JaneismuchmorebeautifulthanMaria.他比他的弟弟高一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。Heisalittletallerthanhisbrother.鄉(xiāng)村比城市安靜得多Thecountrysideismuchquieterthanthecity.that

可以用來代替前面提到過的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞；those可以用來代替前面提到過的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。1.TheweatherinChongqingishotterthan________inBeijing.2.ThecoffeeproducedinBrazilismorefamousthan________inMexico.3.Thepicturesontheleftismorebeautifulthan_______ontheright.thatthatthose“the+最高級(jí)+in/of/among+比較范圍”用于三者或三者以上進(jìn)行比較?！澳橙耍澄铮┰谀撤秶鷥?nèi)最…”。他是所有男孩中跑得最快的。Herunsthefastestofalltheboys.

Hestudiesthehardestof/amongus.他是我們當(dāng)中學(xué)習(xí)最努力。她是我們班最好的學(xué)生。Sheisthebeststudentinourclass.C.最高級(jí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：她在我們班是寫作業(yè)最認(rèn)真的。Shedoeshomeworkthemostcarefullyinourclass.上海是中國最大的城市之一。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.1.sky [ska?] n.天，天空藍(lán)天天更藍(lán)了theblueskyTheskyisbluer.2.river ['r?v?] n.河，江一條河流很多河流arivermanyrivers3.clear [kl??] adj.清澈的；明白清楚的，明顯的；晴朗的v.移走，清除你清楚了嗎Areyouclear?河流更清澈Theriversareclearer.It’sclearthat+從句顯而易見4.beauty [?bju?ti] n.美麗；美人beauties

nature [?ne?t??] n.自然；性質(zhì)享受自然之美/自然美景enjoythebeautyofnature5.horse [h??s] n.馬horses

hen [hen] n.母雞henscow [ka?] n.母牛，奶牛cowsfrog [fr?ɡ] n.青蛙，蛙frogs

sheep [?i?p] n.(pl.sheep)(綿)羊；馴服者害群之馬blacksheep注意：asheepmanysheep6.thin [θ?n] adj.瘦的；薄的；稀的鴨子們比鵝們瘦一點(diǎn)Theducksarealittlethinnerthanthegeese.鴨子們比豬們瘦很多Theducksaremuchthinnerthanthepigs.7.rose [r??z] n.玫瑰花我認(rèn)為玫瑰是所有花里最嬌艷的Ithinkrosesarethenicestofalltheflowers.2a

(Oneday,thechildrenwerevisitingafarm.)Y:Kangkang,what’sthestrongestanimalonthefarm?K:Horses.ButIthinkthe_______horseoverthereis_________thanthe________horse.S:Ithinkthesheeparethenicestofall.H:ButIthinkthiscatis_______.Heletsmeholdhim.Y:Thepigsmustbethefattestandlaziestanimalsonthefarm.Whatdoyouthink,Sally?S:ButIthinkthepigsare_______.Look!Theyareswimmingandchattingwiththehensandducks.K:Thecatisrunningafteramouseandthedogisplayingwiththerabbit.H:Look!Thecowsandthesheepareeating.Alltheanimalsarelivinga_______lifeonthefarm.tallerstrongershorternicercuterbetter1bListento1aandcheckthewordsyouhear._____fresher_____busier_____bluer_____taller_____bigger_____clearer

_____nicer_____quieter_____noisierWangWeilikesthecountrysideverymuchbecausehethinkstheairis_________,theskyis_______andtheriversare________there.Michaelthinksthecountrysideismuch________thanthecity,too,sopeoplecanenjoythebeautiesofnature.WangWeigoestothecountrysideeveryyearforhissummerholiday.fresherbluerclearer

quieterFillintheblanks.Thenreaditaloud.所填單詞有什么特點(diǎn)？造句1.馬比綿羊更大Thehorseisbiggerthanthesheep.2.母雞比牛更小Thecowissmallerthanthecow.3.哪種動(dòng)物更友好？青蛙還是蛇？Whichkindofanimalisfriendlier,afrogorasnake?4.鵝比老鼠大很多Thegooseismuchbiggerthanthemouse.5.老鼠們是所有當(dāng)中最小的Themicearethesmallest

ofall.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.1)Whichdoyoulike_________(well),thisoneorthatone?2)It’svery______________(expensive).Doyouhavesomething______________(cheap)?3)Whois________________(careful),Tom,LilyorLucy?Whoisthe__________________(healthy)ofthem?4)Thisbookis____________________(interesting)thanthatone.betterexpensivecheaperthemostcarefulhealthiestmoreinteresting5)Englishis_________________(interesting)thananyothersubject.Mathis__________________(difficult).6)Heisvery_____________(friend)tous.7)Thebookshopis___________(bad)thanthatone.8)What’s____________(good)clothingstoreintown?9)Alltheboysaretall,andTomis_____________(tall)inmyclass.themostdifficultfriendlymoreinterestingworsethebestthetallest10)Thecinemais_________________(cheap)inthetown.11)Jackis_____________(funny)personIknow.12)That’s______________________(beautiful)musicintheworld.13)I’m_____________(young)thanher.14)Sheis______________(tall)ofthetwo.thecheapestthefunniestthemostbeautifulyoungertaller比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

（二）

比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí),表示“越來越…”越來越大越來越少(不可數(shù))越來越少(可數(shù))越來越多越來越胖biggerandbiggerlessandlessfewerandfewermoreandmorefatterandfatter1.比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)表示越來越……2.多音節(jié)形容詞在表示“越來越…”時(shí)，常用moreandmore+形容詞原形越來越困難越來越美麗越來越流行越來越重要moreandmoredifficultmoreandmorebeautifulmoreandmorepopularmoreandmore