適用于新高考新教材天津?qū)０?024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Unit6Survival課件外研版

選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Unit6

Survival英語(yǔ)通詞句基礎(chǔ)自測(cè)[必背寫(xiě)作詞匯]教材單詞1.

n.郊區(qū),城郊

2.

adj.城鎮(zhèn)的,城市的

3.

n.垃圾

4.

adj.至關(guān)重要的,關(guān)鍵性的

5.

n.燃料

6.

adj.每月一次的

7.

v.擦,拭,揩

8.

v.環(huán)繞……運(yùn)行

9.

v.由……組成

suburb

urban

garbage

crucial

fuel

monthly

wipe

orbit

consist[識(shí)記閱讀詞匯]1.seasideadj.

2.foxn.

3.predatorn.

4.newcomern.

5.flourishv.

6.racoonn.

7.lambn.

8.kebabn.

9.garlicn.

海濱的狐貍掠食動(dòng)物,捕食性動(dòng)物新來(lái)者生長(zhǎng)茂盛,興盛浣熊

羔羊肉烤(肉)串(大)蒜10.hikern.

11.kitn.

12.clayn.

13.caven.

14.indoorsadv.

15.supplementv.

16.eliminatev.

17.firefightern.

18.blazen.

19.fierceadj.

徒步旅行者,遠(yuǎn)足者成套工具黏土洞穴

在室內(nèi)補(bǔ)充,增補(bǔ),增加消除,根除消防隊(duì)員

烈火,大火惡劣的,極端的20.Marsn.

21.nuclearadj.

22.hostileadj.

23.unmannedadj.

24.spacecraftn.

25.stunningadj.

26.agencyn.

27.astronautn.

28.capsulen.

29.trunkn.

火星核武器的(生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境)惡劣的無(wú)人駕駛(操縱)的航天器,宇宙飛船極具吸引力的;令人驚奇的機(jī)構(gòu);(尤指政府內(nèi)的)局,部,處宇航員,太空人(航天器的)密封艙,太空艙樹(shù)干[構(gòu)織連脈詞匯]1.

n.罪,罪行→

n.罪犯

2.

adj.貪婪的,貪心的→

n.貪婪,貪心→

adv.貪心地,貪婪地,貪吃地

3.

n.小偷,賊→

n.盜竊,偷

4.

v.犯(錯(cuò)誤或罪行)→

adj.盡心盡力的;堅(jiān)信的;堅(jiān)定的→

n.承諾,保證;委托;承擔(dān)義務(wù)

5.

n.容器→

v.包含,容納

6.

v.估計(jì),估算→

n.(對(duì)水平、數(shù)量等的)估計(jì);判斷,評(píng)價(jià)

crimecriminal

greedygreedgreedily

thieftheftcommitcommittedcommitment

containercontainestimateestimation

7.

n.遷徙→

v.移棲,遷徙→

adj.遷徙的→

n.移民

8.

v.欣賞;賞識(shí)→

n.感激;感謝

9.

v.限制,控制→

adj.受限制的→

n.限制,約束

10.

adj.樂(lè)觀的;樂(lè)觀主義的→

n.樂(lè)觀;樂(lè)觀主義→

n.樂(lè)觀主義者

11.

n.(精力、油、電等的)消耗量→

v.消耗,耗費(fèi);消費(fèi)→

n.消費(fèi)者,用戶(hù),顧客

12.

v.(作出)反應(yīng)→

n.(對(duì)某一情形或事件的)反應(yīng)

migrationmigratemigratorymigrantappreciateappreciation

restrictrestrictedrestrictionoptimisticoptimismoptimist

consumptionconsumeconsumer

reactreaction

13.

adj.高級(jí)的;先進(jìn)的→

vt.&vi.前進(jìn);促進(jìn);提前

n.前進(jìn);進(jìn)步

14.

adj.極其可怕的,駭人聽(tīng)聞的→

vt.使恐懼→

adj.驚恐的→

n.驚恐;恐懼

15.

v.推斷,推定→

n.推理,推論

16.

v.使暴露(于險(xiǎn)境)→

n.暴露

17.

n.沙土,塵土→

adj.布滿(mǎn)灰塵的

advancedadvanceterrifyingterrifyterrifiedterror

inferinference

exposeexposure

dustdusty常用短語(yǔ)1.

擋某人的道,妨礙某人

2.

別無(wú)選擇只得做某事

3.

夠不到

4.

(正在)修建中5.

適合,適應(yīng);符合,與……一致6.

體驗(yàn)……,嘗試……7.

撞上,墜毀8.

總計(jì),接近inone'sway

havenochoicebuttodo

outofreachunderconstruction

fitinwith

getatastefor

crashinto

amountto

9.

在此期間,與此同時(shí)10.

扔掉,丟掉11.

使……處于控制之下12.

應(yīng)付13.

徹底摧毀,消滅14.

擺脫,除去15.

由……構(gòu)成,由……組成16.

接近,靠近inthemeantime

throwaway

bring...undercontrol

copewith

wipeout

getridof

consistof

becloseto重點(diǎn)句型1.Spotting

the

car

with

its

window

left

open,thegreedythiefdidn'thesitate.【嘗試翻譯】【考點(diǎn)凝練】動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)

貪婪的竊賊在發(fā)現(xiàn)有輛車(chē)的車(chē)窗未關(guān)后,沒(méi)有絲毫猶豫。

2.However

true

this

is,wealsoneedtoconsiderthatsomeoftheseso-called“urbananimals”havenevermovedatall—it'swehumanswhohavemovedintotheirterritory.【嘗試翻譯】【考點(diǎn)凝練】however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

無(wú)論事實(shí)如何,我們也需要明白,在這些所謂的“城市動(dòng)物”中,有一些根本就沒(méi)有遷徙過(guò)——是我們?nèi)祟?lèi)搬到了它們的領(lǐng)域里。3.As

our

cities

become

greener,theyofferincreasinglyappealingspacestoanimalslookingfornewhabitats.【嘗試翻譯】【考點(diǎn)凝練】as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

隨著我們的城市變得更加環(huán)保,他們?yōu)閷ふ倚聴⒌氐膭?dòng)物們提供了越來(lái)越多有吸引力的空間。提能力增分課堂◎核心詞匯突破1.estimate

v.估計(jì),估算【歸納】(1)estimate

sth

at...估算某物的價(jià)格為……,估計(jì)某物的數(shù)為……be

estimated

to

do估計(jì)……estimate

that...估計(jì)……It

is

estimated

that...據(jù)估計(jì)……(2)estimation

n.

(對(duì)水平、數(shù)量等的)估計(jì);判斷,評(píng)價(jià)【佳句】Itwasdifficulttoestimatehowmanytreeshadbeendestroyed.很難估計(jì)有多少棵樹(shù)被毀?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Thecosttorepairmycar

at$800.

A.estimates

B.isestimatedC.estimated D.hasestimated②Enlightenedcompaniesincludeitshumanresourcesintheir

ofthefirm'sworth.

A.guess B.suspicionC.estimation D.calculationBC【寫(xiě)美】一句多譯·背誦③據(jù)估計(jì),在100年后,多達(dá)2000種哺乳動(dòng)物、鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和爬行動(dòng)物將滅絕?！?/p>

asmanyas2,000speciesofmammals,birdsandreptiles

inover100years.

→Asmanyas2,000speciesofmammals,birdsandreptiles

inover100years.

Itisestimatedthatwillbecomeextinctareestimatedtobecomeextinct2.appreciate

v.

欣賞;賞識(shí);感激【歸納】(1)appreciate

(one's)

doing

sth

感激(某人)做某事I

would

appreciate

it

if...如果……,我將不勝感激。(2)appreciation

n.欣賞;感激【點(diǎn)津】

appreciate表示“感激”時(shí),后面要跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),而且后面的賓語(yǔ)一般是事情或it,不跟sb?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷改編)Understandinghergoodintentions,IeatallthefoodthatisprovidedbyMomwith

.

A.sadness B.appreciationC.disbelief D.complaint②I'dappreciateyour

mebackassoonaspossible.

A.towrite B.writtenC.beingwritten D.writingBD【寫(xiě)美】句式升級(jí)·背誦③Givenyourbusyschedule,I'dbegratefulifyoucouldoffertogivesomeprofessionaladvice.→Givenyourbusyschedule,I'd

ifyoucouldoffertogivesomeprofessionaladvice.

appreciateit3.restrict

v.

限制,控制【歸納】(1)restrict...to...把……限制在……restrict

sth

to

sb

某物僅限于某人restrict

yourself/sb

(to

sth/to

doing

sth)

約束某人(某事/做某事)(2)restriction

n.

限制,約束(3)restricted

adj.有限的;受控制的,受約束的be

restricted

to

只允許……,僅限于……(4)restrictive

adj.約束的;限制性的【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①I(mǎi)tisestimatedthatthereasonwhyhewasself-employedisthathefoundworkingforotherpeopletoo

.

A.limitless B.lastingC.restrictive D.lengthy②Thereareno

ontheamountofmoneyyoucanwithdraw.

A.means B.restrictionsC.systems D.approaches③Forthefirsttwoweeks,patientsarerestricted

thesuburbs.

A.in B.atC.by D.toCBD【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦④一些地方還限制了這些設(shè)備的速度,并限制它們只能在自行車(chē)道上使用。Someplaceshavealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevicesand

.(寫(xiě)作話(huà)題之交通)

restrictedtheirusetobikepaths4.advanced

adj.高級(jí)的;先進(jìn)的;晚期的【歸納】advance

n.

前進(jìn),進(jìn)步;進(jìn)步,進(jìn)展

v.前進(jìn),行進(jìn);發(fā)展,進(jìn)步;促進(jìn),推動(dòng)in

advance

預(yù)先,事先in

advance

of在……前面;超前advance

on/upon/towards朝……前進(jìn)advance

one's

knowledge

of...增進(jìn)……對(duì)……的了解【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①

inmedicalsciencehavemadeitpossibletocuremanyso-calledincurablediseases.

A.Advances B.Reduction C.Uncertainty D.Increases②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷改編)Shedecidedtogobacktocollege

hercareer.

A.advancing B.toadvanceC.advanced D.advances③Peoplewereevacuatedfromthecoastalregionsinadvance

thehurricane.

A.before B.by C.above

D.ofABD【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦④預(yù)知未來(lái)發(fā)生的事是不可能的。It'simpossibletoknow

.

inadvancewhatwillhappen5.consist

v.由……組成

【歸納】(1)consist

of=be

composed

of=be

made

up

of

由……構(gòu)成,由……組成(2)consist

in在于,存在于consist

with

與……一致,與……相吻合【點(diǎn)津】

consistof一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí),也不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);其非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式?！炯丫洹縄havelearntthattheexhibitionconsists

ofdozensofmasterpiecespaintedbyChinesefamousartists,suchasXuBeihong,QiBaishiandZhangDaqian.我了解到,這次展覽包括幾十幅中國(guó)著名畫(huà)家的杰作,如徐悲鴻、齊白石和張大千?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Listeningisthusanactive,notapassivebehaviour

ofhearing,understandingandremembering.

A.consisted B.toconsistC.consisting D.beingconsisted②Rememberthatyourideallifedoesnotalwaysconsist

thereality.

A.to B.atC.with D.in③Successconsists

theabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.

A.of B.withC.by D.inCCD【寫(xiě)美】一句多譯·背誦④在所有的詩(shī)歌中,我尤其喜歡莎士比亞寫(xiě)的詩(shī)歌,它們是由十四行構(gòu)成的?！鶲fallthepoems,IliketheoneswrittenbyShakespeareinparticular,which

fourteenlines.(make)

→Ofallthepoems,IliketheoneswrittenbyShakespeareinparticular,which

fourteenlines.(consist)

→Ofallthepoems,IliketheoneswrittenbyShakespeareinparticular,which

fourteenlines.(compose)

aremadeupofconsistofarecomposedof6.expose

v.使暴露(于險(xiǎn)境);顯露,揭露;使接觸,使體驗(yàn)【歸納】(1)expose...to...把……暴露在……,使……接觸……expose

oneself

to...接觸……;使自己暴露于……be

exposed

to接觸……;暴露于……(2)exposure

n.

暴露【佳句】Foronething,whenyoucometoChina,youcanbe

exposed

totheChineselanguageandtheChineseculture.首先,當(dāng)你來(lái)到中國(guó)時(shí),你可以接觸到漢語(yǔ)和中國(guó)文化?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Somepeoplethinkweshouldn'texposethechildren

computergames.

A.toplay B.playingC.toplaying D.played②(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷改編)Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhen

todaylight.

A.exposed B.beingexposedC.exposing D.tobeexposed③ThroughTV,childrenhavefrequent

todifferentcultures.

A.contribution B.devotion C.exposure D.conflictCAC【寫(xiě)美】句式升級(jí)·背誦④Beingexposedtothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.→

willbeharmfultoyourskin.(用動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)的方式改寫(xiě))

→

,youwillgetyourskinharmed.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)的方式改寫(xiě))

ExposingyourselftothesunlightfortoolongExposedtothesunlightfortoolong7.get

rid

of

擺脫,除去【歸納】rid...of...使……免除……;使……擺脫……rid

oneself

of...使某人自己擺脫……be

rid

of...擺脫……【佳句】Thenewvaccinemayridtheworldofoneofthemostterrifyingdiseases.這種新疫苗可能會(huì)使世界擺脫一種最可怕的疾病?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Whycouldn'theeverrid

ofthosethoughts,thoseworries?

A.him B.himselfC.his D.he②Shewantedtoberid

herparentsandtheirauthority.

A.from B.offC.away D.ofBD【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦③和朋友一起去戶(hù)外做一些團(tuán)隊(duì)游戲,這是一個(gè)使你擺脫憤怒的有效方法。Gooutdoorsandplayteamgameswithyourfriends,whichisaneffectivewayto

.

get/beridofyouranger★補(bǔ)遺缺

微點(diǎn)練全Ⅰ.一詞多義——根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出句中黑體詞的詞性和含義1.fuel①Wood,coal,oil,petrol,andgasarealldifferentkindsoffuel.

②Therapidpromotionofthedirector'ssonhasfuelledresentmentwithinthecompany.

③Hisremarkssimplyaddedfueltothefire/flamesofherrage.

n.燃料

v.加強(qiáng),激起

n.刺激性言行

Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空2.Sheisoptimistic

herchancesofwinningagoldmedal.

A.of

B.overC.about D.to3.Thediseasethreatenstowipe

theentirepopulation.

A.off B.outC.down D.awayCB◎重點(diǎn)句型透視as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句【教材原句】As

our

cities

become

greener,theyofferincreasinglyappealingspacestoanimalslookingfornewhabitats.隨著我們的城市變得更加環(huán)保,他們?yōu)閷ふ倚聴⒌氐膭?dòng)物們提供了越來(lái)越多有吸引力的空間?！練w納】(1)as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“隨著;一邊……一邊……”,多強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句中的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生;(2)as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“因?yàn)?由于”;(3)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“雖然,盡管”,從句通常用倒裝語(yǔ)序(把從句的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形放在as前面,單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提前時(shí)應(yīng)省略冠詞);(4)as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“按照,依照”;(5)as引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“像……一樣”,從句常省略與主句相同的部分?！揪殨?huì)】寫(xiě)出下列句中as的含義①ZhouGaididashewastold.

②Idon'tspeakEnglishsowellasanativespeaker.

③Hardasitwasraining,henevergaveupgoinghome.

④

Astheweatherisraining,wehavetogiveupourplan.

⑤

Asitwasgettinglate,Idecidedtobookahotel.

按照像……一樣雖然,盡管因?yàn)?由于隨著【寫(xiě)美】句型轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯·背誦⑥Althoughhewasangry,hecouldn'thelpsmiling.→

,hecouldn'thelpsmiling.(as)

⑦隨著世界人口的不斷增加,食品供應(yīng)問(wèn)題變得更重要?！?/p>

,thesupplyoffoodbecomesmoreimportant.(with)

→

,thesupplyoffoodbecomesmoreimportant.(as)

AngryashewasWiththeworld'spopulationcontinuingtogrowAstheworld'spopulationcontinuestogrow研真題鏈接高考(2017·北京卷·閱讀理解A)——挽救隊(duì)友ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballteamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm.Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered(發(fā)抖)alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn'tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground,“Paris'seyesrolledback,”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.”Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirst,noonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?”CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson'schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygen,thebrainisdamagedquickly.Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn'tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR.“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,”saysTaylor.Taylor'sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevice(器械)thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris'sheartbeatreturned.“IknowIwasreallylucky,”P(pán)arissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon'tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”ExpertssayParisisright:Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”理清脈絡(luò)

真題再做56.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?A.Shecaughtabadcold.B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice.B解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Paris

had

suffered

a

sudden

heart

failure.”可知,帕麗斯在三月的一天突然出現(xiàn)了心力衰竭的癥狀。57.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.B.Sherecoveredfromshock.C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.C解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五、六兩段的內(nèi)容可知,帕麗斯的隊(duì)友泰勒恰好剛學(xué)習(xí)了心肺復(fù)蘇課程,她馬上對(duì)帕麗斯施救,所以說(shuō)帕麗斯是幸運(yùn)的。58.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?A.Enthusiasticandkind.B.Courageousandcalm.C.Cooperativeandgenerous.D.Ambitiousandprofessional.B解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段第一句和最后一段的最后一句可推斷出,泰勒是一個(gè)勇敢而且鎮(zhèn)定的女孩子。語(yǔ)言能力1.掌握構(gòu)詞知識(shí)詞根派生詞性及詞義例句

scary

IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.2.猜測(cè)生僻詞詞義Taylor'sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.

scare

adj.駭人的

迅速的

3.牢記熟詞生義

單詞詞性及詞義例句stamp

ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballteamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm.4.仿寫(xiě)經(jīng)典句型Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswould

die.仿寫(xiě):沒(méi)有空氣,便沒(méi)有生物。v.跺(腳)Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.5.破解復(fù)雜句式Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevicethatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.分析:這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,句子的主句是Two

more

ran

to

get

the

school

nurse。who

brought

a

defibrillator是

從句,修飾名詞短語(yǔ)

,an

electronic

device是名詞defibrillator的

語(yǔ),that

can

shock

the

heart

back

into

work是

從句,修飾名詞短語(yǔ)

。

譯文:非限制性定語(yǔ)theschoolnurse同位定語(yǔ)anelectronicdevice另外兩個(gè)隊(duì)友跑去叫學(xué)校的護(hù)士,那位護(hù)士拿來(lái)一個(gè)除顫器,這是一種通過(guò)電擊讓心臟重新工作的電子設(shè)備。測(cè)效果課堂評(píng)價(jià)Ⅰ.熟詞生義orbit項(xiàng)目意義例句熟義n.

Onceinspace,thespacecraftwillgointoorbitaroundEarth.生義v.

OnthismissiontheShuttlewillorbitataheightofseveralhundredmiles.軌道沿軌道運(yùn)行Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空

A組

基礎(chǔ)必練1.

intechnologycombinedwithmoreopenpolicieshavealreadycreatedaninterconnectedworld.

A.Approval

B.AdvancesC.Permission D.Sponsor2.Experts

that20percentofallEnglishverbswereoriginallynouns.

A.estimated B.proposedC.understood D.dedicatedBA3.I

fromherexpressionthatshewantedtoleave.

A.wasinferred B.inferredC.hasinferred D.wasinferring4.Theflooris

.Canyouhelpmemopit?

A.fresh B.dustyC.ugly D.heavy5.Idon'tknowhowhe

thoseproblemsbutitendedupbeingoneofthemostbrilliantscenes.

A.livedwith B.copedwithC.agreedwith D.putupwithBBB6.Icouldn'trunfastbecausealotofpeoplewere

.

A.ontheway B.inthewayC.bytheway D.totheway7.Productionofthegoodsmust

theneedsofthesociety.

A.fitinwith B.putupwithC.comeupwith D.liveupto8.Thenewteachingbuildingis

constructionanditwillbefinishedinDecember.

A.in B.onC.at D.underBAD9.Astheboxwas

ontheshelf,thelittlebo