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認(rèn)知心理學(xué)智慧樹知到期末考試答案+章節(jié)答案2024年西南大學(xué)Attentionistheconcentrationofmentaleffortonsensoryormentalevents.()
答案:對Featureanalysisassertsthatpatternrecognitionoccursonlyafterstimulihavebeenanalyzedaccordingtotheirsimplecomponents.Datefromneurologicalandbehavioralexperimentslendsupporttothishypothesis.()
答案:對Visualpatternrecognitioninhumansinvolvesvisualanalysisofinputstimuliandlong-termmemorystorage.()
答案:對Falsememoriesaredefinedasreconstructedstories(withorwithoutawareness).()
答案:對Theterm"expertsystems"referstostatisticalsoftware.()
答案:對Themaintheoreticalorganizationonhowinformationiscodedincludes:()
答案:theconceptual-propositionalhypothesis###thefunctional-equivalencehypothesis###thedualcodinghypothesisWhichofthefollowingisoneofChomsky'sgrammarprinciples?()
答案:languagehasanunderlyingstructurerelatedtothemeaningofsentences.###theunderlyingstructuresoflanguagereflectinnateorganizingprinciplesofcognition.###theunderlyingstructurecontainselementscommontoalllanguages.###languageisagenerativesystem.WhichofthefollowingwasoneofthecategoriesBartlettusesinhisanalysis?()
答案:researchparticipantattitude###omissions###Rationalization###transformationofsequenceLTMisthoughtto:()
答案:besubjecttointerferenceeffects###lastalifetime###includebothspecificandgeneralinformation###beunlimitedWhichexplainthefunctionofforgettinginSTMaccordingtoWaughandNorman'sexperimentofdualistmodel:()
答案:Itemsarereplacedbynewernumbers###Forgettingisafunctionofinterference.###STMisacapacity-limitedsystem.ThetechniqueusedbyEbbinghaustostudymemoryincludedinthefollowing:()
答案:Ebbinghauswastheonlyresearchparticipant###heusedconsonant-vowel-consonantsequences###hewasinterestedinforgetting###hewouldmemorizemanylistsofnonsensesyllablesExperimentalworkhasshownthatSTMincludes:()
答案:anauditorycode###avisualcode###asemanticcodeThinkingisaprocessinvolvingallofthefollowing:().
答案:problemsolving###reasoning###rememberingAninteractiveactivationmodelofletterandwordperceptionisbasedonwhichlevels:()
答案:secondary###tertiary###primaryCurrentlytheprinciplecontroversyinimageryisbetweenthosewhoproposethatimageryis________andthosewhobelieveittobe________.()
答案:visual;###propositionalMemorycanbeexaminedintermsofprocessesorintermsofitsneurologicalbasis.Metaphoricallythememorycanbethoughtifas:()
答案:software###hardwareWhichoneistrueofthosestatementsaboutshort-termmemory?()
答案:Typicalrelease-form-PIexperimentsisshowedthatSTMismainlycodedbysemantics.###Theshort-termmemoryismainlycodedbysemantics.AtkinsonandShiffrin'smodelofmemoryuses:()
答案:controlprocessors###LTS###STS###rehearsalbuffersOnepossiblefunctionoftheiconicandechoicperceptualstores(asoutlinedinthetext)isthattheymightallowus:()
答案:theopportunitytoextractinformationtobeusedforfurtherprocessingFunctionalfixednessreferstotheideathat:()
答案:itisdifficulttouseanobjectinanunfamiliarwayPatternrecognitioninhumansinvolves:()
答案:alloftheaboveAristotle'ssystemofreasoningiscalledthe:()
答案:syllogismHubelhasconcludedthatthedevelopmentofcorticalcodesofperceptualformswas:().
答案:innateandspecifictoeachcellIthasbeenshownthatdiagramsorvisualmodelsinlogicalproblemsolving:()
答案:assistevennovicesinarrivingatavalidconclusionThereasonweselectivelyattendisoftenattributedto:()
答案:theinabilitytoprocessallsensorycuessimultaneouslyTheexperimentofsubtractingreactiontimeisthefirstresearchparadigmdesignedbyapsychologistcalled().
答案:DondersThelinguistic-relativityhypothesisholdsthat:()
答案:one'slanguageinfluencesone'sperceptionandconceptualizationofrealityPrimeshaveaneffectonsubsequentperformance:()
答案:evenwhentheresearchparticipantisunawareofthecauseThedurationoficonicstorageseemstobe:()
答案:about250millisecondsResearchhasshownthatveryyounginfants(about10monthsold)areableto:()
答案:formabstractprototypesHowisMEGdifferentfromotherneurologicalsensingtechniques?()
答案:MEGprovidesthemostaccurateresolutionofnervecellactivityThe"scheme,"asdefinedbyPiaget,is:()
答案:amentalrepresentationincorporatingnumerousactionsForautomaticprocessingtooccur,theremustbe:()
答案:Freeflowofinformationfrommemorytotheperson’scontrolofactionsVisualinformationconnectedtotherighthemisphereisreceivedfrom________.()
答案:therightsideoftheretinaMemoryacrossthelifespan:()
答案:isselectiveforeventsandtimeperiodsinlife.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTdescribeacodeinSTM?()
答案:mechanicalNeisserpublishedthefirstmonographentitled"cognitivepsychology"in().
答案:1967WhichtechnicisusedinconjunctionwithEGGorMEGtoevaluatetheeffectsofchangesinbrainelectricalactivityonperceivingandthinking?()
答案:TMSAllofthefollowingistrueaboutPosner's1969studiesexcept:()
答案:theywereexaminingsemanticcodesinSTMWhichofthefollowingisnotcapacitylimitedcognitivesystem?()
答案:LTMGeorgeMillerwroteaninfluentialpaperona"magicalnumber."Whatisthatnumber?()
答案:7Sperling'sexperimentaltechniqueinvolveddisplayingthreerowsofthreeletterseach,followedbyahigh,medium,oralowtone.Thetonesservedto:()
答案:cuetheresearchparticipanttorecallthefirst,secondandthirdrowofletters,respectivelyWhohasbeenacknowledgedasFatherofAmericanPsychology?()
答案:WilliamJamesWhenpatternrecognitionisconceptuallydrivenandfirstinitiatedbythewholepatternitwouldbeconsideredtobe:()
答案:"top-down"processingWhichofthefollowingmodelsbetterexplainsthe"cocktailpartyeffect"?()
答案:ThefiltermodelThecapacityofSTMcanbeincreasedifstimuliare:()
答案:chunkedTheinfantsuptooneyearofagedonotseemtoexhibit:()
答案:pretendplaySupportforthefeatureanalysisargumentofpatternperceptioncanbefoundintheresearchof________onthevisualcortex.()
答案:HubelandWieselArrangetwodifferentreactiontimeassignments(tasks),Oneoftheassignmentscontainsafactorthatisnotavailableforanotherassignment,andinotheraspectsareallthesame,fromthereactionofthetwoassignmentswhentodeterminethedifferencebetweenthecorrespondingprocessing,calledthiskindofresearchparadigm.()
答案:experimentofsubtractingreactiontimeCanonicperspectivesare:()
答案:viewsthatbestrepresentasingleobjectConceptisthemostbasicunitofthinking.()
答案:對Accordingtowhethermemorycanberealized,itcanbedividedinto:()
答案:Explicitmemory###ImplicitmemoryHumantimeperceptionis()
答案:Social###Conscious###HistoricTheprocessingofmemoryincludesencoding,storageandretrieval.()
答案:對Theassessmentoftheexperimentincludes:()
答案:Independentexperimentaldesign###Experimentalreport###Attendance###ExperimentaloperationThoughtreferstothegeneralprocessofconsideringanissue,whilelogicisthescienceofthinking.()
答案:對Oneoftheoldestandmosttraditionaltheoriesofconceptacquisitionisbehaviorallearningtheory.Itrestsontheprincipleof:()
答案:associationTheprobabilitythatnewinformationistrueifaparticularhypothesisistrueiscalled:()
答案:conditionalprobabilityThomasBayesprovidedamathematicalmodelthatprovidesamethodfor:()
答案:evaluatinghypothesesofchangingprobabilisticvaluesIneverydaylifewefrequentlymakedecisionsonthebasisof().
答案:inductivereasoningGestaltpsychologistsapproachedproblemsolvingintermsof:()
答案:anorganizedsystemCreativityinvolves:()
答案:anewornovelwayofviewingaproblemConvergentthinkingmovesinastraightforwardmannertoaparticularconclusion.()
答案:對Problemsolvinginvolvesboth:()
答案:theformationofresponsesandselectionamongpossibleresponsesWhichofthefollowingisNOTpartofSternberg'ssixfacetsofcreativity?()
答案:heritabilityDevelopmentalcognitivepsychologyhasbeengreatlyinfluencedbytheworkofPiagetandVygotsky.()
答案:對OneoftheimportantcontributionsmadebySternbergandhistheoriesofintelligenceisthat:()
答案:thereisnotasingletypeofintelligence,butthereareseveralspecializedsubtypesTheintelligencetheoryofSternbergiscalled:()
答案:thetriarchictheoryofintelligenceThatwetendtoperceivethingsintermsoftheirfamiliarusesiscalled:()
答案:functionalfixedness"g"factoris:()
答案:ageneralfactorinintelligenceLinguistsareprimarilyinterestedin:()
答案:developingadescriptiveframeworkofalanguageBransfordandFranks("Theantsatethesweetjelly")foundthatresearchparticipants:()
答案:combinedinformationfromsemanticallyrelatedsentencesinanabstractformLDTstandsforLexical-DecisionTask.()
答案:對Thesecondmostimportantletterinaword,asfarasinformationalloadingisconcerned,tendstobethe:()
答案:lastletterinawordTheconceptofan"innate"languagemeansthat:()
答案:wehaveaninnateschemeforprocessinginformationandformingabstractstructuresofourlanguageInthestoryaboutahomedescribedtoaprospectivehomebuyeroraburglar(Anderson&Pichert)itwasfoundthattheprospectivehomebuyerrememberedmoreaboutthe________andtheburglarrememberedmoreaboutthe________.()
答案:leakyroof;coincollectionResearchonarticlesummarizations(e.g.,KintschandvanDijk)suggeststhatresearchparticipantstendtolose________afterashorttimebutretain________.()
答案:details;gistPermanentamnesiacanbecausedby:()
答案:encephalitis###prolongeduseofelectroconvulsiveshocktherapy###severetraumas###strokeTwotypesofamnesiaare:()
答案:fastdevelopingB.organic###slowdevelopingAnterogradeamnesiaistheinabilitytoencodeinformationaftertraumaticevents.()
答案:對Thecodingsofhumanshort-termmemorybasicallyinclude().
答案:auditorycoding###semanticcoding###visualcodingFacialcognizanceisasuperficialformoffacialcomprehension.()
答案:錯ThePetersonandPeterson(1959)experimentonSTMindicatedthat:()
答案:forgettinginSTMoccursifresearchparticipantsdonotrehearse###STMisseverelylimitedincapacityItiscommonlyheldthatSTMholds:()
答案:7itemsIfaresearchparticipantconfusedavisuallypresented"P"witha"V"inSTMwemightconcludebasedonthisevidencethatSTMcodes:()
答案:auditoryinformationConsciousnessistherealizationofenvironmentalstimuliandthecognizanceofmentalevents.()
答案:對Thefocusofrecenteffortsinthestudyofattentionandthehumanbrainhasbeenon:()
答案:mappingbrainareaswithattentionalprocessesTothoroughlyunderstandthenatureofthebraininattentionitisnecessarytoconsiderthetopicsof:()
答案:awarenessandconsciousnessInTreisman'sattenuationmodel,theselectivefilterislikea/an()ineffect.()
答案:volumecontrolmakingthestimulussofterAutomaticityisevaluatedbycomparingsingletaskperformancewithadualtasksituationknownas:()
答案:adividedattentiontaskAccordingtoWertheimer,somepatternsseemtobe"naturally"organized.Thisisaprincipleof:().
答案:GestaltpsychologyWhat'sthetrueofPatternrecognition?()
答案:PatternrecognitioninvolvesacomplexinteractionbetweenSTM,LTM,andacognitivesearchforidentificationoffstimuli.Canonicperspectiveviewsthatbestrepresentanobjectoraretheimagesthatfirstcometomindwhenyourecallaform.()
答案:對Readingtheletter‘S’inseveraldifferentfonts,severalofwhichhavenotbeenseenbefore,contradictswhattheory?()
答案:TemplatematchingWhichoneisnotthetheoryofpatternrecognition?()
答案:patternrecognitionistochooseaconceptandcompareitwithstimulus.Top-downprocessingisprimarilyinitiatedbyahypothesisaboutthewhole,whichleadstoitsidentificationandsubsequentrecognitionoftheparts.()
答案:對Whatdoesperceptualtheoryinclude?()
答案:Constructiveperceptiontheory###Directperceptiontheorywhat'stheillusorycontours?()
答案:Visualillusionsareusefulstimuliforstudyingtheneuralbasisofperceptionbecausetheyhijackthevisualsystem’sinnatemechanismsforinterpretingthevisualworldundernormalconditions.###Thevisualillusoryinvolvesgeometricillusion,colorillusionanddistanceillusion.###Oneclassofillusionthatillustratesthewaythemindnaturallyorganizesvisualstimuli.Wenowthinkofsubliminalperceptionas:()
答案:perceptionofstimulithatareabovethepsychologicallimenbutarenotconsciousThesensorystoreassociatedwithsoundiscalled:()
答案:echoicstorageWhenastimulusispresentedrepeatedlyuntiltheresearchparticipantnolongerrespondstoit,itiscalled:()
答案:habituationNeuronalfiringcanbemeasuredusing:()
答案:event-relatedpotentialrecordingsElectroencephalograph(EEG)recordselectricalsignalsfrom
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