浙江省金華市某中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高一年級(jí)下冊(cè)4月期中英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

金華一中2023學(xué)年高一第二學(xué)期期中考試

英語(yǔ)試題

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有內(nèi)分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

C.At5:00.

2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Inthecar.C.Intherestaurant.

3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Howtogrowpumpkins.

B.WhattoeatonHalloween.

C.Whattowearforafestival.

4.Howdoesthewomansound?

A.Annoyed.B.Apologetic.C.Determined.

5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Classmates.

第二節(jié)

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whywasthewomanunwillingtowakethemanupsoearly?

A.Hedidn'tsleepwelllastnight.

B.Hehasbeenexhaustedrecently.

C.Hecangotoworklatetoday.

7.Whatwillthemanprobablydofirst?

A.Havebreakfast.B.Gobacktosleep.C.Sharehisdream.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheman'ssuit?

A.Ifsoutoffashion.B.Ifstoobright.C.Itfitshimwell.

9.Whatcolorshirtwillthemanwear?

A.Navyblue.B.White.C.Yellow.

10.Howdoesthemanfeelintheend?

A.Grateful.B.Unconfident.C.Embarrassed.

聽第8段材料，回答第U至13題。

11.Whereareprobablythespeakers?

A.Inthelibrary.B.Inthebookstore.C.Attheman'shouse.

12.Whatkindofbookdoesthewomanwant?

A.Anadvancedgrammarbook.

B.Anelementarygrammarbook.

C.AbookaboutspokenEnglish.

13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.TrytolearnEnglishonline.

B.StudyEnglishwithhisson.

C.TakepartinanEnglishclub.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.WhatwasthemostpopularsportatAngelia'sschoolinLondon?

A.Football.B.Basketball.C.Tabletennis.

15.WhatisHenry'snationalty?

A.Chinese.B.American.C.British.

16.HowmanypeoplemighttherebeonHenry'steam?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WhatisShahzadQureshi'smainpurposeofplantingurbantrees?

A.Toprovideahabitatforanimals.

B.Tocreateashadyspotforpeople.

C.Tocooltheair,

18.WhatdidShahzadQureshidoin2017?

A.Hehelpedplantanurbanforestinaschool.

B.Hesetupagrammarschool.

C.Heplanted14urbanforestsinPakistan.

19.WhoisMuneezaShaikhli?

A.Anenvironmentalist.B.Astudent.C.Aheadmaster.

20.WhatcanstudentsdointheforestatKarachiGrammarSchool?

A.Doscienceexperiments.B.Observetheinsects.C.Playwithbirds.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Whetheryouarealifelongbookwormoraretryingtodevelopaloveforreadinginyourkids,the2024

MiamiBookFairisforyou.

?WhenandWhereIstheFair?

Thismuch-lovedSouthFloridaeventwillbeheldfromMay12to18,2024attheMDCWolfsonCampus

PlazainDowntownMiami.

?WhattoExpectattheFair?

Thisyear,thefairwillfeaturemorethan400celebratedauthorsfromaroundtheworld.Therewillbearich

collectionofwritersandtheirworksofalmosteverytypeunderthesun.Readerscannotonlyexploreartsand

crafts,butalsoexperiencefacepaintingandbookgiveaways.Forgreenwriters,ifsaplacetoconnectwiththeir

favoriteeditors.Forbooklovers,it'sanopportunitytogetautographs（親筆簽名）frommanypopularauthorsand

askthemsomequestions.Duringthisweek-longbookfeast,youwillfindagroupofeventsrunningfrommorning

tonight.

?HowMuchDoestheFairCost?

OnFriday,thefairisfree.OnSaturdayorSunday,itis10foranadultforoneday,oryoucangetatwo-day

passfor$15.Kidsunderage12canattendforfreeandthekidaged13-18is$5perday.

Somarkyourcalendars,headtoDowntownMiami,andenjoyyourselfintheheartofthecity'sliterary

scene.

1.Whatcanvisitorsdoatthefair?

A.Donateusedbooks.B.ExploreDowntownMiami.

C.Enjoyadinnerparty.D.Interactwithpopularauthors.

2.Howmuchshouldacouplewithtwokidsunder12payfortheSundayfair?

A.$30.B.$25.C.$20.D.$15.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toadvertiseafair.B.Toraisemoney.

C.Tointroduceacity.D.Torecommendbooks.

【答案】l.D2.C3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2024年邁阿密書展的相關(guān)信息，包括書展的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、活動(dòng)

內(nèi)容和門票價(jià)格等。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)?WhattoExpectattheFair?部分中“Forbooklovers,ifsanopportunitytogetautographs（親

筆簽名）frommanypopularauthorsandaskthemsomequestions.（對(duì)于書迷來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)獲得許多知名作家

簽名并向他們提問(wèn)的機(jī)會(huì)）”可知，游客在書展上可以與知名作家互動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)?HowMuchDoestheFairCost?部分中“OnSaturdayorSunday,itis10foranadultforone

day,oryoucangetatwo-daypassfor$15.Kidsunderage12canattendforfreeandthekidaged13-18is$5per

day.（在周六或周日，成人一天的票價(jià)是10美元，或者你可以花15美元買一張兩天的出入證。12歲以下的

孩子可以免費(fèi)參加，13—18歲的孩子每天5美元）”可知，星期天成人票價(jià)10美元，12歲以下孩子免費(fèi)，

所以一對(duì)夫婦和兩個(gè)12歲以下的孩子星期天參加書展只需要20美元。故選C項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中uWhetheryouarealifelongbookwormoraretryingtodevelopalove

forreadinginyourkids,the2024MiamiBookFairisforyou.（無(wú)論你是一個(gè)終身書蟲，還是想培養(yǎng)孩子對(duì)閱讀

的熱愛，2024年邁阿密書展都是為你準(zhǔn)備的）”和下文對(duì)書展的介紹可知，文章的目的是為書展做廣告。

故選A項(xiàng)。

B

ItwasJune15,andintwodaysIwouldbeturningthirty.Iwasinsecureaboutenteringanewdecadeofmy

lifeandfearedthatmybestyearswerenowbehindme.

Mydailyroutineincludedgoingtothegymforaworkoutbeforegoingtowork.EverymorningIwouldsee

myfriendNicholasatthegym.Hewasseventy-nineyearsoldandinterrificshape.AsIgreetedNicholasonthis

particularday,henoticedIwasn'tfullofmyusualvitalityandaskediftherewasanythingwrong.ItoldhimIwas

feelinganxiousaboutturningthirty.IwonderedhowIwouldlookbackonmylifeonceIreachedNicholas9sage,

soIaskedhim,"Whatwasthebesttimeofyourliffe?”

Withouthesitation,Nicholasreplied,“Well,Joe,thisismyphilosophicalanswertoyourphilosophical

question.^^

“WhenIwasachildinAustriaandeverythingwastakencareofformeandIwasnurturedbymyparents,that

wasthebesttimeofmylife.95

“WhenIwasgoingtoschoolandlearningthethingsIknowtoday,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife."

“WhenIgotmyfirstjobandhadresponsibilitiesandgotpaidfbrmyefforts,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“WhenImetmywifeandfellinlove,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“TheSecondWorldWarcame,andmywifeandIhadtofleeAustriatosaveourlives.Whenweweretogether

andsafeonashipboundforNorthAmerica,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“WhenwecametoCanadaandstartedafamily,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“WhenIwasayoungfatherwatchingmychildrengrowup,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“Andnow,Joe,Iamseventy-nineyearsold.Ihavemyhealth,IfeelgoodandIaminlovewithmywifejust

asIwaswhenwefirstmet.Thisisthebesttimeofmy

4.Whydidtheauthorfeelanxiousaccordingtothearticle?

A.Hewouldbe30intwodays.

B.Hewasworriedaboutgettingold.

C.Hedidn'tgotothegymtoexercise.

D.Nicholasaskedquestionshedidn'twanttoanswer.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutNicholas5lifeexperiences?

A.HespenthischildhoodwithhisgrandparentsinAustria.

B.Hedroppedoutofschool,foundajobandgotpaid.

C.HetookpartintheSecondWorldWarandmethiswife.

D.HestartedafamilyandbecameayoungfatherinCanada.

6.WhatdoyouthinkofNicholas'slife?

A.Casual.B.Anxious.C.Positive.D.Negative.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromNicholas?

A.Liveadayatatime.B.Yougetwhatyoupayfor.

C.Everymanhashisprice.D.Strikewhiletheironishot.

【答案】4.A5.D6.C7,A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章主要通過(guò)講述作者對(duì)即將到來(lái)的30歲以后的生活的擔(dān)憂來(lái)告訴我們要

珍惜眼前的生活，每天都有幸福快樂(lè)的生活。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"ItwasJune15,andintwodaysIwouldbeturningthirty.Iwasinsecureabout

enteringanewdecadeofmylifeandfearedthatmybestyearswerenowbehindme.（那是6月15日，再過(guò)兩天

我就滿30歲了。我對(duì)進(jìn)入人生的新十年感到不安全，擔(dān)心我最好的時(shí)光已經(jīng)過(guò)去了）”可知，作者是因?yàn)?/p>

馬上要30歲了而擔(dān)心。故選A。

[5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第九段"WhenwecametoCanadaandstartedafamily,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（當(dāng)

我們來(lái)到加拿大組建家庭時(shí)，那是我一生中最美好的時(shí)光）"和第十段"WhenIwasayoungfather,watching

mychildrengrowup,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)年輕的父親，看著我的孩子長(zhǎng)大，那是我

一生中最美好的時(shí)光）”可知，尼古拉斯是在加拿大組建了家庭并且成為了一名年輕的父親。故選D。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第八段“TheSecondWorldWarcame,andmywifeandIhadtofleeAustriatosaveour

lives.WhenweweretogetherandsafeonashipboundforNorthAmerica,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（第二

次世界大戰(zhàn)來(lái)臨，我和妻子不得不逃離奧地利以挽救我們的生命。當(dāng)我們?cè)谝凰议_往北美的船上安全地

在一起時(shí)，那是我一生中最美好的時(shí)光）”可知，在動(dòng)蕩的二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期，尼古拉斯卻因?yàn)槟芎图胰嗽谝黄鸲?/p>

感到幸?？鞓?lè)。由此推知，他是一個(gè)積極樂(lè)觀的人。故選C。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“WhenIwasachildinAustriaandeverythingwastakencareofformeandIwas

nurturedbymyparents,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，在奧地利，一切都得到了

照顧，我受到了父母的養(yǎng)育，那是我一生中最美好的時(shí)光）”，第五段“WhenIwasgoingtoschooland

learningthethingsIknowtoday,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（當(dāng)我去上學(xué)，學(xué)習(xí)今天所知道的東西時(shí)，

那是我一生中最美好的時(shí)光）”，第六段“WhenIgotmyfirstjobandhadresponsibilitiesandgotpaidformy

efforts,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（當(dāng)我找到我的第一份工作，承擔(dān)起責(zé)任，努力獲得報(bào)酬時(shí)，那是我

一生中最美好的時(shí)光）”，第七段“WhenImetmywifeandfellinlove,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（當(dāng)

我遇到我的妻子并墜入愛河時(shí)，那是我一生中最美好的時(shí)光）”，第八段“TheSecondWorldWarcame,

andmywifeandIhadtofleeAustriatosaveourlives.WhenweweretogetherandsafeonashipboundforNorth

America,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（第二次世界大戰(zhàn)來(lái)臨，我和妻子不得不逃離奧地利以挽救我們的

生命。當(dāng)我們?cè)谝凰议_往北美的船上安全地在一起時(shí)，那是我一生中最美好的時(shí)光）”，第九段“When

wecametoCanadaandstartedafamily,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（當(dāng)我們來(lái)到加拿大組建家庭時(shí),那是

我一生中最美好的時(shí)光）"，第十段"WhenIwasayoungfather,watchingmychildrengrowup,thatwasthe

besttimeofmylife.（當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)年輕的父親，看著我的孩子長(zhǎng)大，那是我一生中最美好的時(shí)光）”和最后

一段"Andnow,Joe,Iamseventy-nineyearsold.Ihavemyhealth,IfeelgoodandIaminlovewithmywife

justasIwaswhenwefirstmet.Thisisthebesttimeofmylife.（現(xiàn)在，喬，我79歲了。我身體健康，感覺很

好，我愛我的妻子，就像我們第一次見面時(shí)一樣。這是我一生中最美好的時(shí)光）”可知，從尼古拉斯對(duì)自

己生活的回憶中可以看出，他珍惜生活中的每一天，每天都幸?？鞓?lè)的生活。故選A。

C

China'sgeneration-Zisnot"lyingflat”,anexpressionforgivinguponhardwork,asisoftenclaimed,and

makinganeffortisstillthemainstreamofagroupwhobelievessuccessshouldbeachievedbysolideffort,Chinese

officialssaidatapressconferenceonThursday,inresponsetoaquestiononhowyoungergenerationsshould

achievebalancebetweenalifestyleof"lyingflat“infaceofgreatpressureand"involution,“whichreferstosevere

internalcompetitionthatdoesnotleadtoproductivitygains.

“MostChineseyouthholdanoptimisticviewonthefuture,andthesaying'lyingflat'ismoreofajoketo

releasepressureandexpresstheirfeelings,HeJunke,agovernmentofficialsaidatapressconferenceonThursday.

Atthepressconference,Chinareleasedthefirstnationwidewhitepaperonyouthdevelopmenttitled"Youthof

ChinaintheNewEra,^^whichshowcasedachievementslinkedtothecountry'syouthdevelopmentinthenewera

andreflectedthespiritofyoungergeneration.Thewhitepaperwasalsoreleasedaheadofthe100thanniversaryof

thefoundingofCYLC（共青團(tuán)）.

HesaidChinahasattachedgreatimportancetodeeperissuesreflectedbytalkof“l(fā)yingflat”,whichemerged

asyounggenerationissubjecttoincreasingpressureacrosswork,studyandlifeamidChina'suniquedemographic

（人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的，人口學(xué)的）structureandhighlycompetitivelabormarket.

“Someintheyoungergenerationfeelcofusedorlost.Inresponse,authoritieshavescaleduptheamountof

supportavailabletohelpsolvetheirissuesineducation,employment,marriageandchildraising,9,Henoted,while

urgingthewholesocietytosupportthementaldevelopmentandpsychologyofgeneration-Z.

Hepointedoutthatitisalsoimportantforcertainyoungpeopletorealizethatitisunrealistictobuildacareer

withouttakingresponsibilityandmakingendeavor."Allhappinessisachievedthroughdevotedeffort,andmaking

endeavoritselfisalsoakindofhappiness,9,Hestressed.

8.WhatisHeJunke'sattitudetowards"lyingflat”?

A.Objective.B.Subjective.C.Opposed.D.Favorable.

9.Whydoyoungpeopleadopttheattitudeof"lyingflat”?

A.MoreandmoreyoungpeoplechoosetolieflatinChina,

B.Youngpeoplefacegreatpressureintheirstudy,workandlife.

C.China5spopulationstructureaffectsthesupplyoflabormarket.

D.Thegovernmentneedstocelebratethe100thanniversaryofCYLC.

10.Howcantheproblemof"lyingflat“beridof?

A.Youngpeopleshouldtakeresponsibilityandmakeeffortstoachievesuccess.

B.Thewholesocietyshouldcareaboutyoungpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth.

C.Authoritiesshouldhelpyoungpeopleandgivethemsupportinmanyaspectsoflife.

D.Alloftheabove.

11.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Tocallonalowcarbonlifestyle.

B.Toinformthelatestresearchonthesocialdevelopment.

C.Tosetagoalfortheyoungpeoplewhoareunderpressureonstudy.

D.Toaddressasocialproblemamongyounggenerationsinthenewerera.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了中國(guó)政府為什么高度重視“躺平”的問(wèn)題，因?yàn)檫@一問(wèn)題反映了

更深層次的問(wèn)題。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段""MostChineseyouthholdanoptimisticviewonthefuture,andthesaying'lying

flat,ismoreofajoketoreleasepressureandexpresstheirfeelings,5,HeJunke,agovernmentofficialsaidata

pressconferenceonThursday."（大多數(shù)中國(guó)年輕人對(duì)未來(lái)持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度，'躺平'這個(gè)說(shuō)法更多的是一個(gè)

釋放壓力和表達(dá)感情的笑話，”政府官員HeJunke在周四的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上說(shuō)。）可知，HeJunke只是評(píng)價(jià)

了這種現(xiàn)象，并未表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，所以他對(duì)“躺平”是客觀的。故選A。

[9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"HesaidChinahasattachedgreatimportancetodeeperissuesreflectedbytalkof

alyingflat”,whichemergedasyounggenerationissubjecttoincreasingpressureacrosswork,studyandlife

amidChina'suniquedemographic（人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的，人口學(xué)的）structureandhighlycompetitivelabor

market."（他說(shuō)，中國(guó)非常重視“躺平”所反映的更深層次的問(wèn)題，在中國(guó)獨(dú)特的人口結(jié)構(gòu)和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈

的勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)中，年輕一代面臨著越來(lái)越大的工作、學(xué)習(xí)和生活壓力。）可知，為什么年輕人采取“躺

平”的態(tài)度是因?yàn)槟贻p人在學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活中面臨著巨大的壓力。故選B項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段""Someintheyoungergenerationfeelcofasedorlost.Inresponse,authorties

havescaleduptheamountofsupportavailabletohelpsolvetheirissuesineducation,employment,marriageand

childraising,5,Henoted,whileurgingthewholesocietytosupportthementaldevelopmentandpsychologyof

generation-Z."（年輕一代中的一些人感到困惑或迷失。作為回應(yīng)，有關(guān)部門加大了可提供的支持力度，

幫助解決他們?cè)诮逃⒕蜆I(yè)、婚姻和撫養(yǎng)孩子方面的問(wèn)題，”他指出，同時(shí)敦促全社會(huì)支持Z一代的心

理發(fā)展和，心'理。）和最后——段“Hepointedoutthatitisalsoimportantforcertainyoungpeopletorealizethatit

isunrealistictobuildacareerwithouttakingresponsibilityandmakingendeavor.14A11happinessisachieved

throughdevotedeffort,andmakingendeavoritselfisalsoakindofhappiness,''Hestressed."（他指出，對(duì)某些

年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，認(rèn)識(shí)到不承擔(dān)責(zé)任和努力就建立事業(yè)是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，這一點(diǎn)也很重要。他強(qiáng)調(diào)：“所有的幸福

都是通過(guò)努力得來(lái)的，努力本身也是一種幸福?！保┛芍?，A（年輕人應(yīng)該承擔(dān)責(zé)任，努力取得成功。）,

B（全社會(huì)都應(yīng)該關(guān)心青少年的身心健康。）,C（當(dāng)局應(yīng)該幫助年輕人，在生活的許多方面給予他們支持。）

都是解決“躺平”的措施。故選D項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“China'sgeneration-Zisnot"lyingflat”,anexpressionforgivinguponhardwork,as

isoftenclaimed,andmakinganeffortisstillthemainstreamofagroupwhobelievessuccessshouldbeachieved

bysolideffort,ChineseofficialssaidatapressconferenceonThursday,inresponsetoaquestiononhowyounger

generationsshouldachievebalancebetweenalifestyleof"lyingflat“infaceofgreatpressureand“involution,“

whichreferstosevereinternalcompetitionthatdoesnotleadtoproductivitygains.”（在周四的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)

上，當(dāng)被問(wèn)及年輕一代應(yīng)該如何在面對(duì)巨大壓力的“平躺”生活方式和“內(nèi)化”生活方式之間取得平衡

時(shí)，中國(guó)官員在回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)表示，中國(guó)的z一代并不是“平躺”，這是一個(gè)經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是對(duì)努力工作的

寬容的表達(dá)，而努力仍然是一個(gè)認(rèn)為成功應(yīng)該通過(guò)不懈努力來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的群體的主流。它指的是不會(huì)導(dǎo)致生

產(chǎn)率提高的激烈內(nèi)部競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。）和最后一段“Hepointedoutthatitisalsoimportantforcertainyoungpeopleto

realizethatitisunrealistictobuildacareerwithouttakingresponsibilityandmakingendeavor.“Allhappinessis

achievedthroughdevotedeffort,andmakingendeavoritselfisalsoakindofhappiness,“Hestressed.（他指

出，對(duì)某些年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，認(rèn)識(shí)到不承擔(dān)責(zé)任和努力就建立事業(yè)是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，這一點(diǎn)也很重要。他強(qiáng)

調(diào)：“所有的幸福都是通過(guò)努力得來(lái)的，努力本身也是一種幸福?！保┛芍?，短文的目的是解決新時(shí)代年

輕一代的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetodecreaseinsize,asmammals（哺孚L動(dòng)物）withsmallerbodies

appearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexpertsaid.

ProfSteveBrusatte,apalaeontologist（古生物學(xué)家）attheUniversityofEdinburgh,suggestedthattheway

inwhichothermammalshavepreviouslyrespondedtoperiodsofclimatechangecouldofferaninsightinto

humans'future.

Hecomparedthepotentialsituationofpeopleassimilartothatofearlyhorses,whichbecamesmallerin

bodysizeastemperaturesrosearound55myearsago,aperiodcalledthePaleoceneEoceneThermalMaximum.

WritinginTheRiseandReignoftheMammals,Brusattenotesthatanimalsinwarmerpartsoftheworld

todayareoftensmallerthanthoseincolderareas,anecologicalprincipleknownasBergmann'srule."Thereasons

arenotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfacearea

comparedtotheirsizethanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbettergetridofextraheat“hewrites.

Brusattesaidthatbecomingsmallerwas“acommonwaythatmammalsdealwithclimatechange”.He

added,"That'snottosayeveryspeciesofmammalwouldgetsmaller,butitseemstobeacommonsurvivaltrick

ofmammalswhentemperaturesspikeprettyquickly,whichdoesraisethequestion:iftemperaturesdospikereally

quickly,mighthumansdwarf,mighthumansgetsmaller?AndIthinkthafscertainlyconvincing.^^

Inarecentstudy,researchersstudyinghumanremainsoverthepastmillionyearshavealsosuggestedthat

temperatureisamajorpredictorofbodysizevariation,whilescientistsstudyingreddeerhavesaidthatwarmer

wintersinnorthernEuropeandScandinaviamayleadtothebodysizeoftheseanimalsbecomingsmaller.

However,notallexpertsagreethatrisingtemperaturecausesmammalstodecease.ProfAdrianLister,ofthe

NaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,saidtherelationshipshownbytherecenthumanremainsstudyisweak,

whilethestrongrelationshipbetweentemperatureandmammalbodysizemayoftenresultfromtheavailabilityof

foodandresources.

Listerdoubtswhetherhumanswillshrinkastheclimateheats.44Wearenotreallycontrolledbynatural

selection,hesaid."Ifthatwasgoingtohappen,you'dneedtofindlargepeopledyingbeforetheycould

reproducebecauseofclimatewarming.Thatisnothappeningintoday'sworld.Wewearclothes,wehavegot

heating,wehavegotairconditioningifitistoohot.”

12.Accordingtothepassage,theearlyhorsesgotsmallerinbodysize.

A.tokeepcoolB.tosavefood

CtokeepwarmD.toavoidbeingkilled

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"spike“inthe5thparagraphmean?

A.RiseB.DropC.BalanceD.Change

14.WhatisBrusattemostlikelytoagreewith?

A.Everyspeciesofmammalwouldgetsmallerasthetemperaturegoesup.

B.Animalsinwarmerareasaredefinitelysmallerthanthoseincolderareas.

C.Smalleranimalshaveahighersurfaceareaandsotheycancooldownquickly.

D.ThechangeofMammals5bodysizeiscloselyrelatedtotheirfoodandotherresources.

15.Whafsthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ClimateChangeCausesNaturalDisasters.B.ClimateChangeLeadstoHeatedDiscussions.

C.ClimateChangeCausesChangesinBodySize.D.ClimateChangeLeadstoChangedLifestyle.

【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是對(duì)氣候變暖與人類體形之間關(guān)系的兩種觀點(diǎn)。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetodecreaseinsize,asmammals（哺孚L

動(dòng)物）withsmallerbodiesappearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexpert

said.（一位著名化石專家說(shuō)，氣候危機(jī)可能導(dǎo)致人類體型變小，因?yàn)轶w型較小的哺乳動(dòng)物似乎更能應(yīng)對(duì)全

球氣溫上升）”;第三段"Hecomparedthepotentialsituationofpeopleassimilartothatofearlyhorses,which

becamesmallerinbodysizeastemperaturesrosearound55myearsago,aperiodcalledthePaleoceneEocene

ThermalMaximum.（他將人類的潛在情況與早期馬的情況進(jìn)行了比較。大約5500萬(wàn)年前，隨著氣溫的升

高，馬的體型變小了，這一時(shí)期被稱為古新世始新世熱極大期）”和第四段"Thereasonsarenotentirely

understood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfaceareacomparedtotheirsize

thanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbettergetridofextraheat（原因尚不完全清楚，但部分原因可能是，與體型

相比，較小的動(dòng)物的表面積比較大的動(dòng)物要大，因此可以更好地排出多余的熱量）”可知，早期的馬體形

變小是為了對(duì)抗氣溫升高。故選C。

【13題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段"Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetodecreaseinsize,asmammals（哺乳

動(dòng)物）withsmallerbodiesappearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexpert

said.（一位著名化石專家說(shuō)，氣候危機(jī)可能導(dǎo)致人類體型變小，因?yàn)轶w型較小哺乳動(dòng)物似乎更能應(yīng)對(duì)全

球氣溫上升）”和戈II線詞后文uiftemperaturesdospikereallyquickly,mighthumansdwarf,mighthumansget

smaller?（如果氣溫確實(shí)迅速上升，人類可能會(huì)變矮，人類可能會(huì)變小嗎？）”可知，在溫度高的地區(qū)，動(dòng)

物體形會(huì)變小，這是他們應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的生存技巧，故spike意為“升高”。故選A。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段""Thereasonsarenotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmaller

animalshaveahighersurfaceareacomparedtotheirsizethanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbettergetridofextra

heat”hewrites.（他寫道：“原因尚不完全清楚，但部分原因可能是，與體型相比，小型動(dòng)物的表面積比大

型動(dòng)物大，因此可以更好地排出多余的熱量?！埃笨芍珺rusatte最可能同意的觀點(diǎn)是較小的動(dòng)物有較大

的表面積，所以它們能很快冷卻下來(lái)。故選C。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetodecreaseinsize,asmammals（哺乳

動(dòng)物）withsmallerbodiesappearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexpert

said.（一位著名化石專家說(shuō)，氣候危機(jī)可能導(dǎo)致人類體型變小，因?yàn)轶w型較小的哺乳動(dòng)物似乎更能應(yīng)對(duì)全

球氣溫上升）”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了氣候變暖與人類體形之間關(guān)系的兩種觀點(diǎn)?？芍?，C選項(xiàng)“氣候變化

導(dǎo)致體型變化”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Peopledisagreeaboutmeaningfulandsmallmattersonadailybasis.Sometimesyouknowifyouspeakyour

mindyouwillupsetsomeone.However,youoftenmustexpressyouropinionevenifyouknowotherswilldisagree.

Bychoosingyourwordscarefullyyoucanavoidalong-termoffense（冒犯）.

“Askpeopleabouttheirperspective（觀點(diǎn)）.Beforebeinghonestabouthowyoufeel,ifsimportanttoknow

theirperspective.Thisgivesyouachancetoshowgenuineinterestandhaveaconversation.16They

mayevenendtheirexplanationwitharequesttohearyourperspective.

,Putyourselfintheirshoes.Oneofthesimplestwaystoavoidhurtingfeelingsistoimaginehowtheywill

respondtoyourstatements17Practiseimagininghowtheyviewtheirownopinionandyours.Justbecause

theirperspectiveisdifferentdoesn'tmeanit'swrong.

,18Becarefulwithyourhonesty.Youwanttospeakthetruthinkindness.Thatmeansavoiding

obviousnegativebehaviorssuchasmakingafaceormakingfunoftheirideas.

,Bepoliteinyourresponses.Wheneveryoutrytoavoidhurtingothersitisbesttospeakwithkindness.

Simpleactsofkindnesscanmakeabigdifference.Theyconveyrespectandshowthatyouvaluetheotherperson.

Thissituationisn'tallaboutyouspeakingyourmind.19

,Expressyourperspectiveasopinion,notfact.Thisshowsyouvaluetheirperspective,evenifyouknowthe

factsbackyouup.Iftheyhaveanopenmind,factswillchangetheirperspective.Iftheydonothaveanopenmind,

factswillfeellikepersonalattacks.20Allowthemtodiscoverthetruthintheirownway,notyours.

A.Theyhavearighttobeincorrect.

B.It'saboutthemfeelingvalued.

C.Controlyourwordsandbodylanguage.

D.Iftheysaidthattoyou,wouldyoubeupset?

E.Listeningtoothers9opinionisaverypowerfulway.

F.Usefactsandtrytoavoidlettingyouremotionsrunhigh.

G.Thismayalsogiveyouopportunitiestospeakupandbehonest.

【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.B20.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章告訴我們幾條關(guān)于如何在不傷害他人感情的情況下保持誠(chéng)實(shí)的建議。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Thisgiv