英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)2053893 知到智慧樹(shù)網(wǎng)課答案

1、問(wèn)題：Linguisticsstudiesparticularlanguage,notlanguagesingeneral.選項(xiàng)：A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:【錯(cuò)】2、問(wèn)題：Modernlinguisticsismostlyprescriptive,butsometimesdescriptive.選項(xiàng)：A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:【錯(cuò)】3、問(wèn)題：Languageisusedtorecordthefacts,whichistheinformativefunctionoflanguage,alsocalledideationalfunctionintheframeworkoffunctionalgrammar.選項(xiàng)：A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:【對(duì)】4、問(wèn)題：Sociolinguisticsisthestudyoflanguageinrelationtosociety.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【對(duì)】5、問(wèn)題：Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe_______.選項(xiàng)：A:analyticB:linguisticC:descriptiveD:prescriptive答案:【descriptive】6、問(wèn)題：Whichofthefollowingisnotadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?選項(xiàng)：A:ArbitrarinessB:DualityC:MeaningfulnessD:Displacement答案:【Meaningfulness】7、問(wèn)題：Languageissaidtobearbitrarybecausethereisnologicalconnectionbetween_______andmeanings.選項(xiàng)：A:soundsB:ideasC:objectsD:sense答案:【sounds】8、問(wèn)題：Saussuretooka(n)_______viewoflanguage,whileChomskylooksatlanguagefroma________pointofview.選項(xiàng)：A:sociological…psychologicalB:semantic…linguisticC:psychological…sociologicalD:applied…pragmatic答案:【sociological…psychological】9、問(wèn)題：AccordingtoJakobson,___________arethefunctionsoflanguage?選項(xiàng)：A:metalingualB:conativeC:interpersonalD:referential答案:【metalingual;conative;referential】10、問(wèn)題：Whichofthefollowingbelongstothemainbranchesoflinguistics?選項(xiàng)：A:MorphologyB:phoneticsC:psycholinguisticsD:Semantics答案:【Morphology;phonetics;Semantics】1、問(wèn)題：Phonologyisconcernedwithhowthesoundscanbeclassifiedintodifferentcategories.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【錯(cuò)】2、問(wèn)題：Distinctivefeaturesofsoundsegmentscanbefoundrunningoverasequenceoftwoormorephonemicsegments.選項(xiàng)：A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:【對(duì)】3、問(wèn)題：Whatisthedifferencebetweenthefieldsofphoneticsandphonology?選項(xiàng)：A:Phoneticsisconcernedwiththephysicalandphysiologicalaspectsofsounds,whilephonologyisconcernedwithsoundsaspartsoflanguage.B:Phoneticsismostlyconcernedwiththeproductionofvowelsandconsonants,whilephonologyismoreaboutphenomenasuchastone.C:Phoneticsisconcernedwithhistoricaldata,whereasphonologyisconcernedwithhowlanguageisactuallyspoken.D:Phoneticsisthemoregeneraldisciplineconcernedwithallkindsofsounds,whereasphonologyisspecificallyconcernedwithmodernexperimentalmethodologies.答案:【Phoneticsisconcernedwiththephysicalandphysiologicalaspectsofsounds,whilephonologyisconcernedwithsoundsaspartsoflanguage.】4、問(wèn)題：Question:Whichofthefollowingsoundsisvelar?選項(xiàng)：A:rB:sC:pD:A.gE:h答案:【A.g】5、問(wèn)題：Whichofthefollowingsoundsisnotalveolar?選項(xiàng)：A:dB:tC:fD:s答案:【f】6、問(wèn)題：WoulditbeusefultocompareGermanandEnglishwhentryingtoestablishhowEnglishwasspokeninthepast?選項(xiàng)：A:Yes,becausetheyhaveaspellingthatisverysimilar.B:Yes,becausealllanguageswerepronouncedinsimilarwaysinthemoredistantpast.C:No,becauseEnglishisanolderlanguagethanGerman.D:Yes,becauseEnglishandGermanarerelatedandeachmayhaveamoreconservativepronunciationinsomepoints.E:Yes,becauseGermanisanolderlanguagethanEnglish.F:No,becausethereisnoarcheologicalrecordabouttherelationshipbetweenthetwolanguages.答案:【Yes,becauseEnglishandGermanarerelatedandeachmayhaveamoreconservativepronunciationinsomepoints.】7、問(wèn)題：InGerman,theword'Kind'(child)hasthepluralformKind-er.Intheletterdisactuallypronouncedas[t],butinthepluralformonepronouncesitasa[d].Whichphonologicalfeatureisinvolvedinthisalternation?選項(xiàng)：A:MannerofarticulationB:SonorantC:Placeofarticulation答案:【】8、問(wèn)題：EnglishandGermanhaverelativelylargevowelinventories.Whatreasondoesthediscussionprovideforthis?選項(xiàng)：A:Theselanguagesarerelativelyoldandhadmoretimetodevelopthevowelinventory.B:Theselanguageshavealongwritingtradition,influencingthenumberofvowelsthatcanbeexpressed.C:Earlierdistinctionsbetweenlongandshortvowelsdevelopedintovowelqualitycontrastsintheselanguages.D:Becauseofextensivelanguagecontact,theselanguagesborrowedvowelsfromeachother.E:Theselanguagestendtohaveasimplersyllablestructurethanotherlanguages,andneedmoredifferencesbetweenvowels.答案:【Theselanguagestendtohaveasimplersyllablestructurethanotherlanguages,andneedmoredifferencesbetweenvowels.】9、問(wèn)題：Howdofeatureshelpusunderstandandexplainthepathoflanguageacquisition?選項(xiàng)：A:Childrenaresloweddownbytheneedtolearndifficultfeatures.B:Childrentrytofindouthowspeechsoundscanbebuiltupoffeatures.C:Childrenbecomegraduallyawareoffeatures.D:Childrenusefeaturestoputsoundsinrectangulartables.E:Childrendonotacquiresounds,butratherfeatures.答案:【Childrentrytofindouthowspeechsoundscanbebuiltupoffeatures.;Childrenbecomegraduallyawareoffeatures.;Childrendonotacquiresounds,butratherfeatures.】10、問(wèn)題：Whichthreeofthefollowingparametersarerelevantforconsonantsounds?Pleasecheckallthatapply.選項(xiàng)：A:HeightofarticulationB:PlaceofarticulationC:RestructuringD:StructureofarticulationE:Mannerofarticulation答案:【Placeofarticulation;Mannerofarticulation;】1、問(wèn)題：Nouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas____.選項(xiàng)：A:grammaticalwordsB:formwordsC:functionwordsD:lexicalwords答案:【lexicalwords】2、問(wèn)題：Morphemesthatrepresenttense,number,genderandcasearecalled_____morpheme.選項(xiàng)：A:inflectionalB:derivationalC:freeD:bound答案:【inflectional】3、問(wèn)題：______isawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.選項(xiàng)：A:back-formationB:affixationC:insertionD:addition答案:【back-formation】4、問(wèn)題：Thestemoftheword“disagreements”is________.選項(xiàng)：A:agreementB:disagreementsC:disagreementD:agree答案:【disagreement】5、問(wèn)題：Allofthemaremeaningfulexceptfor________.選項(xiàng)：A:phonemeB:allomorphC:morphemeD:lexeme答案:【phoneme】6、問(wèn)題：“Fore”in“foretell”?is?both?a?prefix?and?a?bound?morpheme.?選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【錯(cuò)】7、問(wèn)題：The?words“whimper”,“whisper”?and“whistle”?are?formed?in?the?way?of?onomatopoeia.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【對(duì)】8、問(wèn)題：In?most?cases,?the?number?of?syllables?of?a?word?corresponds?to?the?number?of?morphemes.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【錯(cuò)】9、問(wèn)題：Back-formation?is?a?productive?way?of?word-formation.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【錯(cuò)】10、問(wèn)題：Inflection?is?a?particular?way?of?word-formation.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【對(duì)】1、問(wèn)題：Prasestructureruleshave______properties.選項(xiàng)：A:socialB:functionalC:recursiveD:grammatical答案:【recursive】2、問(wèn)題：The?syntactic?rules?of?any?language?are?____?in?number.選項(xiàng)：A:finiteB:largeC:smallD:infinite答案:【finite】3、問(wèn)題：The?________?rules?are?the?rules?that?group?words?and?phrases?to?form?grammatical?sentences.選項(xiàng)：A:morphologicalB:combinationalC:lexicalD:linguistic答案:【combinational】4、問(wèn)題：A?sentence?is?considered?____?when?it?does?not?conform?to?the?grammatical?knowledge?in?the?mind?of?native?speakers.選項(xiàng)：A:grammaticalB:rightC:wrongD:ungrammatical答案:【ungrammatical】5、問(wèn)題：A?__________?in?the?embedded?clause?refers?to?the?introductory?word?that?introduces?the?embedded?clause.?選項(xiàng)：A:particleB:subordinatorC:prepositionD:coordinator答案:【subordinator】6、問(wèn)題：An________canfurtherbedividedintotwotypes:subordinationandcoordination.選項(xiàng)：A:endocentricconstructionB:exocentricconstructionC:immediateconstituentD:ultimateconstituent答案:【endocentricconstruction】7、問(wèn)題：Whatistheconstructionofthesentence“Theboysmiled”?選項(xiàng)：A:EndocentricB:CoordinateC:ExocentricD:Subordinate答案:【Exocentric】8、問(wèn)題：The?head?of?the?phrase?“behindthedoor”?is?__________.?選項(xiàng)：A:doorB:noneC:thedoorD:behind答案:【none】9、問(wèn)題：The?phrase?“on?the?shelf”?belongs?to?__________?construction.選項(xiàng)：A:subordinateB:endocentricC:coordinateD:exocentric答案:【exocentric】10、問(wèn)題：The?sentence?“They?were?wanted?to?remain?quiet?and?not?to?expose?themselves.”?is?a?__________?sentence.?選項(xiàng)：A:simpleB:complexC:coordinateD:compound?答案:【simple】1、問(wèn)題：Linguisticformshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesindifferentsituations.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【對(duì)】2、問(wèn)題：Insemantics,meaningoflanguageisconsideredastheintrinsicandinherentrelationtothephysicalworldofexperience.選項(xiàng)：A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:【錯(cuò)】3、問(wèn)題：Themeaningofasentenceisthesumtotalofthemeaningsofallitscomponents.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【錯(cuò)】4、問(wèn)題：Mostlanguageshavesetsoflexicalitemssimilarinmeaningbutrankeddifferentlyaccordingtotheirdegreeofformality.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【對(duì)】5、問(wèn)題：________isnotoneofseventypesofmeaningadvancedbyGeoffreyLeech.選項(xiàng)：A:connotativemeaningB:derogatorymeaningC:reflectedmeaningD:affectivemeaning答案:【derogatorymeaning】6、問(wèn)題：Wordsthatarecloseinmeaningarecalled______________.選項(xiàng)：A:homonymsB:hyponymsC:synonymsD:polysemy答案:【synonyms】7、問(wèn)題：___________isawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures.選項(xiàng)：A:GrammaticalanalysisB:PredicationanalysisC:PhonemicanalysisD:Componentialanalysis答案:【Componentialanalysis】8、問(wèn)題：“teacher”and“student”are______________.選項(xiàng)：A:complementaryantonymsB:relationaloppositesC:gradableantonymsD:converseantonyms答案:【converseantonyms】9、問(wèn)題：_________dealswiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.選項(xiàng)：A:ReferenceB:ConceptC:SemanticsD:Sense答案:【Reference】10、問(wèn)題：“JohnkilledBill”_______“Billdidn’tdie.”選項(xiàng)：A:entailsB:presupposesC:issynonymouswithD:isinconsistentwith答案:【isinconsistentwith】1、問(wèn)題：Itwouldbeimpossibletogiveanadequatedescriptionofmeaningifthecontextoflanguageusewasleftunconsidered.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【對(duì)】2、問(wèn)題：Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthecontextofuseisconsidered.選項(xiàng)：A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:【對(duì)】3、問(wèn)題：Utterancesalwaystaketheformofcompletesentences.選項(xiàng)：A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:【錯(cuò)】4、問(wèn)題：SpeechacttheorywasoriginatedwiththeBritishphilo