2023-2024學年山東名?？荚嚶?lián)盟高二下學期期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE2山東名?？荚嚶?lián)盟2023-2024學年高二下學期期中考試英語試題第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面五段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.2.Whenwilltheplaneland?A.At6:20p.m.B.At7:00p.m.C.At7:10p.m.3.WhatdoweknowaboutLinda?A.Sheisacandidate.B.Sheisamonitor.C.Sheisateacher.4.Whyisthewomancomplaining?A.Toomuchcandyiswasted.B.Theroomisinamess.C.Dannyhasoverslept,5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asong.B.Anovel.C.Amovie.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面五段對話或獨白。每段對話和獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你都有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatmightthewomanbe?A.Aguide.B.Anartist.C.Ateacher.7.Whatmightthemandoatthesciencefair?A.Meetanauthor.B.Takeanewcar.C.Havepuzzlessolved.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.WhatwasTonybusywith?A.Afashionmagazine.B.Afinancialreport.C.Asalesplan.9.WhatdoesTonyplantodothisweekend?A.Havearest.B.Gotoaparty.C.Meethisboss.10.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Understanding.B.Regretful.C.Annoyed.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.WhatwillWendycookforherkidstonight?A.Roastbeef.B.Localsnacks.C.Chickensoup.12.HowdoesTerryknowabouttheenergypowder?A.Fromhisfriends.B.FromTVads.C.Fromanutritionist.13.WhatdoesWendythinkofthepowderads?A.Theyareconfusing.B.Theyareamusing.C.Theyaremisleading.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WhydidHelenmissthebarbecueparty?A.Shehadanunexpectedvisitor.B.Shewasoutoftown.C.Shedidn’tfeelwell.15.WheredidPeterprobablyplantohavethepartyatfirst?A.Inhisbackyard.B.Bythelake.C.Inthepark.16.WhatruinedPeter’sbarbecuepartyeventually?A.Themissinggrill.B.Thebadweather.C.Therawmeat.17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abusinesstrip.B.Aweekendplan.C.Aterribleexperience.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Howmanyjudgeswerethereinthecontest?A.12.B.28.C.205.19.WhatistherecipeforGabriel’ssuccess?A.Keepingbreadsimple.B.Beingindustrial.C.Bakingfreshly.20.WhatmightMr.Gabrielprobablydonext?A.Makebreadforthepresident.B.OpenmorebakeriesinMarseille.C.Putindustrialbakingintopractice.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項ATheWorldFamousConchTourTraininKeyWestSeethebestonthetraintourthat’sbeenentertainingvisitorstotheIslandCityofKeyWest,Floridasince1958.TheConchTrainisoneofFlorida’smostpopularattractions,andforgoodreason.Ourexpertengineersandfriendlystaffhavedelightedover15millionguestswithlegendssuchasErnestHemingway.YourtourofKeyWestwillgiveyouafabulousviewofallthewonderfulKeyWestattractions.NoKeyWestvacationiscompletewithoutTheWorldFamousConchTourTrain.TourRouteandStopsThisKeyWesttourbeginsattheFrontStreetDepotandendsrightbehinditinMallorySquare.Onceyouhaveyourticket,climbonboardandtakeyourseat,asyouareabouttolandonaterrific75-minutejourneythroughtime.Duringthetour,thetrainwillmakeoneloopthroughOldTownKeyWest.Therearetwomainstops:oneisatStationDepot,allowingfora10-minutebreakwhereyouwillfindrefreshmentsandshopping.ThesecondstopisatTruvalVillage,locatedatthecornerofDuvalStreet.FromTruvalVillage,youarejustminutesawayfromtheErnestHemingwayHomeandMuseum,manyfineartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.Highlights100%SATISFACTIONGUARANTEEFull-colormapanddiscountcoupons(優(yōu)惠券)forKeyWestattractions,restaurants,andshoppingwitheveryticket.FREEadmissiontotheSailstoRailsMuseumisincludedwithticket.PleaseNote:Thistouroperatescontinuouslyevery30minutesfrom9:00AMto4:30PM.Ittakesapproximately90minutestocompleteafullloop.Participantsmustbeabletostepintoandoutofthetrain.Childrenaged12andyoungermayattendthetourfreeofcharge.1.WhyisErnestHemingwaymentionedinparagraph1?A.Togiveanexample. B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Tointroduceanevent. D.Tomakeacomparison.2.Whatcanyoudowhiletakingthetour?A.Takeanon-stopjourney. B.TourMallorySquare.C.Shopifnecessary. D.Buyartworks.3.Whatadvantagecanyoutakeofthetour?A.Somediscountforattractions.B.ColoredmapsforTruvalVillage.C.FreeaccesstoHemingwaymuseum.D.Flexibletimetablethroughouttheday.〖答案〗1.A2.C3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文，主要介紹了佛羅里達州基韋斯特市的一種受歡迎的旅游方式——世界著名的海螺觀光火車。文章詳細介紹了旅游路線、?？空军c、旅游亮點以及旅游優(yōu)惠等信息?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的描述“TheConchTrainisoneofFlorida’smostpopularattractions,andforgoodreason.

Ourexpertengineersandfriendlystaffhavedelightedover15millionguestswithlegendssuchasErnestHemingway.”（海螺列車是佛羅里達州最受歡迎的景點之一，這是有充分理由的。我們專業(yè)的工程師和友好的員工為超過1500萬的客人帶來了歐內(nèi)斯特·海明威等傳奇人物。）,可以推知，海明威是作為一個例子被提及的，用來說明這個旅游項目的吸引力。故選A。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TourRouteandStops”下文介紹中的“Therearetwomainstops:oneisatStationDepot,allowingfora10-minutebreakwhereyouwillfindrefreshmentsandshopping.”（有兩個主要的?？奎c：一個是在車站倉庫，允許休息10分鐘，那里有飲料和購物。）,可以推知，參加這個旅游項目的人在旅途中有購物的機會。故選C。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Highlights”下文介紹中的“Full-colormapanddiscountcoupons(優(yōu)惠券)forKeyWestattractions,restaurants,andshoppingwitheveryticket.”（每張票都附帶全彩地圖和基韋斯特景點、餐廳和購物的優(yōu)惠券。）,可以推知，參加這個旅游項目的人可以享受到景點的優(yōu)惠。故選A。BAfterspendinghiscareerasachefandworkingastheVicePresidentofFoodandBeverageatFireKeepersCasinoHotelinBattleCreek,Michigan,MichaelMcFarlensawhowmuchfoodwouldgetthrownawayfromtheCasino’srestauranteveryday.Unfortunately,throwingawayperfectlygoodfoodisextremelycommonwithintherestaurantindustry.YetitwasalwayssomethingthatbotheredMcFarlenabouthiswork.Actionspoint,McFarlendecidedtogetinvolvedwiththeSouthCentralFoodBankofMichiganInc.tohelpgivebacktothoseinneed.Hethenbecamethepresidentontheboardandcameupwithaplantoopenarestaurantinthecommunitythatwouldalsohelpsupportafoodbankontheproperty.InAprilof2016,theFireKeepersCasinoHotelanditsowners,theNottawaseppiHuronBandofthePotawatomi,boughtFireStationNo.4,ahistoricfirehouseneardowntownBattleCreekthathadbeenclosedforyearsandwassettobedemolished.However,thegroupboughtitbeforethathappenedandstartedtogivethehistoricbuildinganewlife.Renovationsonthepropertylastedaboutayear.ThenonApril19,2017,therestaurant,whichtheynamedTheFireHub,openedtothepublicforthefirsttime.Atthesametime,thefoodbank,whichtheynamedtheKendallStreetFoodbank,openeditsdoorinthebackofthebuilding.“Anytimeyouopenanewrestaurant,youjusthavetofigureawaythroughthatfirstyear,”Georgesaid.However,thefirstyearofoperationwasbeyondtheirexpectations.Notonlydidtherestaurantattractcustomersbecauseofitspopularityandsustainability,butthefoodbankhelpedmorepeopleinthefirstyearthantheyeverimaginedwouldneeditsservices.Intotal,about375to400householdsgethelpfromthefoodbankeverysinglemonth.“We’reabletocatertopeoplewhoareworking,butstillneedalittlehelpduringthemonth,”McFarlentoldSecondWavemedia.Tobetterfittheneedofthemajorityofpeopleusingtheirservices,thefoodbankwasdesignedtolooklikeasmallmarket.4.WhatbotheredMcFarlenasachef?A.Alackofcooks.B.Wasteofgoodfood.C.Involvementinfoodbanks.D.Shortageoffoodinsomeareas.5.Whatmighttheunderlinedword“demolished”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Builtup. B.Torndown. C.Brokenup. D.Knockedoff.6.HowdidTheFireHubgowithitsbusiness?A.Itworkedoutwell.B.Ithadbranchessetup.C.Itstucktogoodquality.D.Itdidn’tlastforayear.7.WhatcanbestdescribeMcFarlen?A.Patientandcareful.B.Lovinganddevoted.C.Enthusiasticanddiligent.D.Cautiousandunderstanding.〖答案〗4.B5.B6.A7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了MichaelMcFarlen作為一名廚師，看到餐廳每天浪費的食物，他決定參與到南密歇根食品銀行的工作中，他們購買了一個將要被拆除的消防站，并將其改造成了餐廳和食品銀行，這個餐廳和食品銀行的運營情況超出了他們的預期?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Unfortunately,throwingawayperfectlygoodfoodisextremelycommonwithintherestaurantindustry.YetitwasalwayssomethingthatbotheredMcFarlenabouthiswork.”（不幸的是，餐飲業(yè)中常常會丟棄完好的食物，這一點一直困擾著McFarlen。）可知，McFarlen作為廚師，困擾他的是食物的浪費。故選B項?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段中劃線詞所在句中“ahistoricfirehouseneardowntownBattleCreekthathadbeenclosedforyearsandwassettobedemolished.However,thegroupboughtitbeforethathappenedandstartedtogivethehistoricbuildinganewlife.”（位于BattleCreek市中心附近的一座歷史悠久的消防站已經(jīng)關(guān)閉多年，原本計劃要被demolished。然而，這個團隊在那之前買下了它，并開始給這座歷史建筑帶來新的生命。）可知，位于BattleCreek市中心附近的一座歷史悠久的消防站已經(jīng)關(guān)閉多年，原本計劃要被拆除，這個團隊在拆除之前買下了它，并開始給這座歷史建筑帶來新的生命。故demolished在這里的意思是“被拆除”。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中“However,thefirstyearofoperationwasbeyondtheirexpectations.Notonlydidtherestaurantattractcustomersbecauseofitspopularityandsustainability,butthefoodbankhelpedmorepeopleinthefirstyearthantheyeverimaginedwouldneeditsservices.”（然而，第一年的運營情況超出了他們的預期。餐廳不僅因其受歡迎和可持續(xù)性吸引了顧客，而且食品銀行在第一年就幫助了比他們想象中需要其服務的人更多的人。）可知，TheFireHub運行的很順利。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“McFarlendecidedtogetinvolvedwiththeSouthCentralFoodBankofMichiganInc.tohelpgivebacktothoseinneed.”（麥克法倫決定加入密歇根州中南部食品禁令公司，幫助那些需要幫助的人。）可知，他很有愛心。根據(jù)第四段“Renovationsonthepropertylastedaboutayear.ThenonApril19,2017,therestaurant,whichtheynamedTheFireHub,openedtothepublicforthefirsttime.Atthesametime,thefoodbank,whichtheynamedtheKendallStreetFoodbank,openeditsdoorinthebackofthebuilding.”（這處房產(chǎn)的翻新工作持續(xù)了大約一年。2017年4月19日，這家名為“TheFireHub”的餐廳首次向公眾開放。與此同時，他們命名為肯德爾街食品銀行的食品銀行在大樓后面開業(yè)。）可知，他購買了一個將要被拆除的消防站，并將其改造成了餐廳和食品銀行。所以能體現(xiàn)出他的全身心投入。故選B項。CMostoftheeventsweexperienceonaday-to-daybasisareonlyrememberedforashortperiodandthentendtodisappearfromourmemoryquitequickly.Thismakessense.It’snotusefulforourbrainstoremembereverydayordinaryevents,butwhatabouttraumatic(創(chuàng)傷的)orimportantevents?And,ifwedoremembertheseevents,dowerememberthemscene-by-sceneasitreallyhappened?Ordoweadaptthosemomentsandremembertheminconsistently?Psychologiststheorizethatourbrainstendtoimprintdetailsofsuddentraumaticexperiencesasifwe’retakingaphotographofthosemoments.Duringtheevent,emotionsrunsohighthatwheneverwerecollectthesememories,theemotionalrecollectionsflashacrossoureyesonanevent-to-eventbasis.Thisiswhythesememoriesarecalled“flashbulbmemories”;theyhavephotographicaccuracy.However,thisideaofflashbulbmemoriesbeingaccuratedidnottranslateintoevidenceforthesame.Inconsistentflashbulbmemoriesaremorelikelytoberepeatedthancorrected,asmemoriesarenotoftencheckedforsure.Ontheotherhand,inaccuraciesregardingtheeventitselfweremorelikelytobecorrected,astherewasbacked-updatatoreferto.Thus,theseinaccuratememorieswerenotrepeatedoften.Whydoessomuchofourmemoryfallthroughthecracks?In1975,researchersElizabethLoftusandJohnPalmernoticedthatlanguagecanaffecthowwerememberanevent.Theyaskedparticipantswhohadseenamovieofacarcrashtodescribethecrash.Usingtheword“smashed”insteadof“hit”ledparticipantstoperceiveamoresevereaccident.Likewise,using“collided”alsoresultedinreporteddifferencesinaccidentseverity.Additionally,falsememoriesoccurwhenpeopleclassifyacertainmentalexperienceasarealexperience.Aclassicexperiment,“LostintheMall”providesmoreevidenceoffalsememories.8.Whyarethequestionsraisedinparagraph1?A.Tostressmemoryvariesfromtimetotime.B.Tohighlighthowbrainworksonmemorizing.C.Toprovememoriessticklongerthanexpected.D.Toshowmanchoosestomemorizecertainthings.9.Whatcanbelearnedabout“flashbulbmemories”?A.Theyhaveprovedinaccurate.B.Theyarelooselyrelatedtoemotions.C.Theytendtobeenhancedbyrepeating.D.Theyarelikelytobebrokenintopieces.10.Whatmayaffectourmemoryaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Choiceofwords.B.Severityofanevent.C.Purposestoachieve.D.Participantsinvolved.11.Whatwillthetextfocusonnext?A.Theevidenceoftheevent.B.Moretestsofmemoryspans.C.Theprocessoftheexperiment.D.Morecasesofmentalexperiences.〖答案〗8.D9.C10.A11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了我們的大腦傾向于把突然的創(chuàng)傷經(jīng)歷的細節(jié)印下來，就好像我們在拍那些時刻的照片一樣?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“It’snotusefulforourbrainstoremembereverydayordinaryevents,butwhatabouttraumatic(創(chuàng)傷的)orimportantevents?And,ifwedoremembertheseevents,dowerememberthemscene-by-sceneasitreallyhappened?Ordoweadaptthosemomentsandremembertheminconsistently?(對于我們的大腦來說，記住日常的普通事件是沒有用的，但對于創(chuàng)傷性或重要的事件呢?而且，如果我們確實記得這些事件，我們是否記得它們真實發(fā)生的場景?還是我們適應了這些時刻，不一致地記住了它們?)”和文章第二段“Psychologiststheorizethatourbrainstendtoimprintdetailsofsuddentraumaticexperiencesasifwe’retakingaphotographofthosemoments.(心理學家的理論是，我們的大腦傾向于把突然的創(chuàng)傷經(jīng)歷的細節(jié)印下來，就好像我們在拍那些時刻的照片一樣。)”可推知，第一段提出的問題是為了表明人會選擇記憶某些東西。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Inconsistentflashbulbmemoriesaremorelikelytoberepeatedthancorrected,asmemoriesarenotoftencheckedforsure.(不一致的閃光燈記憶更有可能被重復，而不是被糾正，因為記憶通常不會被核實。)”可知，閃光燈記憶往往通過重復而增強。故選C。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Whydoessomuchofourmemoryfallthroughthecracks?In1975,researchersElizabethLoftusandJohnPalmernoticedthatlanguagecanaffecthowwerememberanevent.(為什么我們有那么多的記憶被遺忘了呢？1975年，研究人員伊麗莎白·洛夫特斯和約翰·帕爾默注意到語言可以影響我們記憶事件的方式。)”可知，語言的選擇可能會影響我們的記憶。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Additionally,falsememoriesoccurwhenpeopleclassifyacertainmentalexperienceasarealexperience.Aclassicexperiment,“LostintheMall”providesmoreevidenceoffalsememories.(此外，當人們將某種心理體驗歸類為真實體驗時，就會出現(xiàn)錯誤記憶。一個經(jīng)典的實驗，“迷失在林蔭道”提供了更多錯誤記憶的證據(jù)。)”可推知，文章接下來可能會專注于介紹這個實驗的過程。故選C。DManyofthefoodsweregularlyeatinourdailylivescomefromplants,whichareessentialforoursurvivalonthe“blueplanet.”Butwhataboutthefewpeoplewholive—althoughforashortspanoftime—inspace?Isitpossibleforthemtogrowplantsonboardthespaceshipandbeself-sufficientforweeksonend?Yes,itis.Infact,astronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)atethefirstspace-grownsalad(redromainelettuce)onAugust10,2015.Eveninawell-controlledenvironmentlikeontheISS,growingaplantinspaceisnotaneasytask.Traditionally,rootsgrowandspreaddownwardsduetogravity.Still,inspace,wheretheeffectofgravityisnegligible(忽略不計的),thingschange.Rootsgrowinalldirectionsinspace.Othernutrientsandwater,whichareessentialforthegrowthofaplant,floatallovertheplace!Canyouimagineaplantfloatinginaspaceship,withitsrootsstickingoutineverydirectionlikethetentaclesofaslimyseacreaturesurroundedbywaterandothernutrients?Therefore,keepingthisentiresystemgoingisveryimportant.Toachievethis,NASAastronautsRickMastracchioandSteveSwansonsetupaspecialcontainernamed“Veggie”afewyearsago,specificallydesignedfor“spacegardening”ontheISS.Veggiecontains“plantpillows”,whichareessentiallybagsoffertilizeranddirtreleasedinacontrolledmannertofacilitateplantgrowth.Inthebags,smallwicks(棉芯)areinstalledthatabsorbwater.Seedsaregluedtothewicksandarrangedinthecorrectpositionsothattheirrootsgrowunidirectionally(downward)and‘pushout’ofthebag.Fortheplantstogrowproperly(i.e.,upward),LEDlightsshineabovetheplants,providelightfortheshootsandsupportphotosynthesis(theprocessbywhichplantspreparetheirfood)forproperplantgrowth.Spaceagenciesworldwidearestrivingtodevelopmoreadvancedmethodsandprocedurestoenableastronautstosafelygrowandeatvegetablesfromspace-grownvegetables.12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlysuggest?A.Astronautswanttoliveasustainablelife.B.Space-grownplantsmighttakemoreefforts.C.Plantshavebeensuccessfullygrowninspace.D.ISSmakesitpossibleforplantstogrowatwill.13.WhyisVeggiesetup?A.Tohonorsomeone.B.Tokeepasystemgoing.C.Tostartupanenterprise.D.Tosolvenutrientproblem.14.HowdoesVeggiework?A.ByturningtoLEDlights.B.Bypositioningwicksupward.C.Byabsorbingnutritionfromdirt.D.Byprovidingnecessaryfacilities.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ISShaveastronautsworktogrowfoodinspaceB.NASAstrivestomakespacegardeningpossibleC.SpaceagenciescommitthemselvestofoodsafetyD.Foodgrowthenablesspaceshipstobeself-reliable〖答案〗12.B13.B14.D15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了美國國家航空航天局努力使太空園藝成為可能?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Eveninawell-controlledenvironmentlikeontheISS,growingaplantinspaceisnotaneasytask.Traditionally,rootsgrowandspreaddownwardsduetogravity.Still,inspace,wheretheeffectofgravityisnegligible,thingschange.(即使在像國際空間站這樣控制良好的環(huán)境中，在太空中種植植物也不是一件容易的事。傳統(tǒng)上，根在重力的作用下向下生長和擴散。然而，在重力的影響可以忽略不計的太空中，事情發(fā)生了變化。)”可知，太空種植的植物可能需要更多的努力。故選B?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Therefore,keepingthisentiresystemgoingisveryimportant.Toachievethis,NASAastronautsRickMastracchioandSteveSwansonsetupaspecialcontainernamed“Veggie”afewyearsago,specificallydesignedfor“spacegardening”ontheISS.(因此，保持整個系統(tǒng)的運行非常重要。為了實現(xiàn)這一目標，美國宇航局的宇航員里克·馬斯特拉奇奧和史蒂夫·斯旺森幾年前建立了一個名為“Veggie”的特殊容器，專門為國際空間站上的“太空園藝”設計。)”可知，建立“Veggie”是為了保持整個系統(tǒng)運行。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Veggiecontains“plantpillows”,whichareessentiallybagsoffertilizeranddirtreleasedinacontrolledmannertofacilitateplantgrowth.Inthebags,smallwicks(棉芯)areinstalledthatabsorbwater.Seedsaregluedtothewicksandarrangedinthecorrectpositionsothattheirrootsgrowunidirectionally(downward)and‘pushout’ofthebag.Fortheplantstogrowproperly(i.e.,upward),LEDlightsshineabovetheplants,providelightfortheshootsandsupportphotosynthesis(theprocessbywhichplantspreparetheirfood)forproperplantgrowth.(Veggie含有“植物枕頭”，本質(zhì)上是一袋肥料和泥土，以一種可控的方式釋放，以促進植物生長。在袋子里安裝了吸水的小燈芯。種子被粘在燈芯上，排列在正確的位置，這樣它們的根就會單向(向下)生長，并從袋子里“伸出”。為了使植物正常生長(即向上生長)，LED燈在植物上方發(fā)光，為嫩芽提供光線，并支持光合作用(植物準備食物的過程)，使植物正常生長。)”可推知，Veggie通過提供必要的設施來工作。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butwhataboutthefewpeoplewholive—althoughforashortspanoftime—inspace?Isitpossibleforthemtogrowplantsonboardthespaceshipandbeself-sufficientforweeksonend?Yes,itis.(但是，那些在太空中生活的少數(shù)人——盡管時間很短——怎么辦呢？他們有可能在宇宙飛船上種植植物，并連續(xù)幾周自給自足嗎？是的，它是。)”可知，文章主要講述了美國國家航空航天局努力使太空園藝成為可能。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Brushingyourteethtwiceadayisessentialforkeepingyourteethingoodcondition,butdidyouknowthattherearespecificthingsweshouldbedoingtoensurewearebrushingcorrectly?Oneofthoseiswettingthebrushbeforebrushing—seemsobviousright.____16____Firstly,wettingthebristleshelpsdistributetoothpastemoreeffectively,ensuringbettercoverageacrossthetoothsurfaces.____17____Secondly,wettingthetoothbrushsoftensthebristles,makingthebrushingexperiencegentlerongumsandtoothenamel(牙釉質(zhì)),reducingtheriskofirritationordamage.Additionally,themoisturehelpsactivatethetoothpasteingredients,makingthemmoreeffectiveinfightingbacteriaandmaintainingdentalhealth.____18____youcanimproveyouroverallbrushingexperienceandpromotebetteroralhealthoutcomes,makingitasimpleyetvaluablestepinyourdailydentalcareroutine.Wettingthetoothbrushactivatesthetoothpaste’sactiveingredients,whichhelpstrengthentoothenamelandprotectagainsttoothdamage.____19____Therefore,acleanerandhealthiermouthwillbeensured.Sometoothpasteformulationscanberough.Ifapplieddirectlywithoutwettingthebrushfirst,itwillkindofwearouttheteeth.Wettingthetoothbrushbeforeapplyingtoothpastematterstothisextent.____20____Wettingthetoothbrushcanbecomepartofaconsistentpre-brushingritual,helpingindividualssticktotheiroralcareroutinemoreeffectively.A.Bywettingyourtoothbrush,B.Throughcleaningyourteeth,C.Thisresultsinenhancedcleaningefficiency.D.Itmaintainsthecleannessoftheoralhealth.E.Ithelpsprotectthetoothenamelfromexcessivewear.F.Activatedtoothpasteismoreeffectiveinfightingbacteria.G.Wettingyourtoothbrushbeforebrushingisessentialforseveralreasons.〖答案〗16.G17.C18.A19.F20.E【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了刷牙之前把牙刷弄濕的必要性?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Firstly,wettingthebristleshelpsdistributetoothpastemoreeffectively,ensuringbettercoverageacrossthetoothsurfaces.(首先，濕潤刷毛有助于更有效地涂抹牙膏，確保更好地覆蓋牙齒表面)”和“Secondly,wettingthetoothbrushsoftensthebristles,makingthebrushingexperiencegentlerongumsandtoothenamel,reducingtheriskofirritationordamage.(其次，把牙刷弄濕可以軟化刷毛，使刷牙對牙齦和牙釉質(zhì)的影響更溫和，減少刺激或損傷的風險)”可知，空處應說明刷牙前把牙刷弄濕的幾個原因。G項：Wettingyourtoothbrushbeforebrushingisessentialforseveralreasons.(刷牙前把牙刷弄濕是很必要的，原因有幾個。)符合語境。故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Firstly,wettingthebristleshelpsdistributetoothpastemoreeffectively,ensuringbettercoverageacrossthetoothsurfaces.(首先，濕潤牙刷有助于更有效地涂抹牙膏，確保更好地覆蓋牙齒表面)”可知，空處承接上文，說明濕潤牙刷后，有助于更有效地涂抹牙膏，進而提高清潔效率。C項：Thisresultsinenhancedcleaningefficiency.(這樣可以提高清潔效率。)符合語境。故選C。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上下文結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處不是完整的句子，結(jié)合下文“youcanimproveyouroverallbrushingexperienceandpromotebetteroralhealthoutcomes,makingitasimpleyetvaluablestepinyourdailydentalcareroutine.(你可以改善你的整體刷牙體驗，促進更好的口腔健康，使它成為你日常牙齒護理中簡單而有價值的一步)”可知，下文說明的是弄濕牙刷的好處，A項：Bywettingyourtoothbrush(通過濕潤你的牙刷)符合語境。故選A?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Wettingthetoothbrushactivatesthetoothpaste’sactiveingredients,whichhelpstrengthentoothenamelandprotectagainsttoothdamage.(濕潤牙刷可以激活牙膏的活性成分，幫助強化牙釉質(zhì)，防止牙齒受損)”可知，本段提到了牙膏的活性成分，空處承接上文，說明激活牙膏活性成分的作用，F(xiàn)項中的“Activatedtoothpaste”和上文中的“thetoothpaste’sactiveingredients”對應。F項：Activatedtoothpasteismoreeffectiveinfightingbacteria.(活性牙膏在對抗細菌方面更有效。)符合語境。故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Ifapplieddirectlywithoutwettingthebrushfirst,itwillkindofwearouttheteeth.Wettingthetoothbrushbeforeapplyingtoothpastematterstothisextent.(如果不先把牙刷弄濕就直接使用，會磨損牙齒。在涂牙膏之前把牙刷弄濕很重要)”可知，上文提出，不把牙刷弄濕會磨損牙齒，空處承接上文解釋在涂牙膏之前把牙刷弄濕很重要的原因，E項中的“it”指代上文的“Wettingthetoothbrushbeforeapplyingtoothpaste”。E項：Ithelpsprotectthetoothenamelfromexcessivewear.(它有助于防止牙釉質(zhì)過度磨損。)符合語境。故選E。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIaminmiddleschool,mymomconfirmsthatIam,infact,abakedgood.“Childrenarelikebread,”she____21____tomeonenightatthekitchentableaswetalkaboutthekindofpersonIamandwhatIwillbecome.“Youcanchoose____22____whichyouwilladdtothemixwhentheyareyoungerandthereisstilltimeto____23____themafterthedough(面團)hasrisen.But____24____youputthemintheoven,it’sdifficulttodomuchelse.”“You’realreadyintheoven,”shetellsme.“It’sallyounow.”Mymotheralwaysinvitedmeto____25____herproduction,especiallyduringourtraditionalBakingDay.Mysmallbutessentialtasksfilledmewith____26____tohelp.Iwatchasshekneads(揉)doughbrisklyandskillfully.This____27____willbecomeanydeliciousfoodIcanname,acookie,oramuffin.Mymostimportantjobistopayattentionand____28____assheexplainseachstepoftheprocess.Eachtimeshe____29____somethinginoroutoftheoven,shenotesthetime.Nothingwillbeburnedunderherwatch.Whenit’stimeto_____30_____thelaborsofourday,shewillholdittoadmirehercreations.SometimesI_____31_____herlookingatmethesameway.Overtime,mymother’sdoughmetaphordevelopedinto_____32_____ofatouchstone.Iamnownearlythesameagemymotherwas.OnlyrecentlyhaveI_____33_____hermetaphorwasneveraboutthemakingandbakingofthedough;itwasabout_____34_____herworkandthenlettinggo.Heroccasionalglanceofadmirationandaglimpseoflovewellsayshow_____35_____sheisofhermostcherisheddough.21.A.explains B.proves C.states D.shows22.A.menus B.nutrients C.ingredients D.recipes23.A.roll B.shape C.season D.bake24.A.once B.unless C.until D.while25.A.breakdown B.contributetoC.sellout D.makefor26.A.endurance B.willpower C.desire D.curiosity27.A.game B.process C.dessert D.dough28.A.absorb B.think C.wonder D.reply29.A.sneaks B.slides C.stuffs D.scales30.A.pack B.decide C.enjoy D.consume31.A.catch B.trap C.keep D.mind32.A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything33.A.realized B.worked C.uncovered D.held34.A.leaving B.trusting C.polishing D.releasing35.A.free B.careful C.picky D.proud〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.B33.A34.C35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的母親通過帶著他一起烘焙，教會了作者深刻的人生道理?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“孩子就像面包，”一天晚上在廚房的餐桌上，當我們談論我是什么樣的人以及我將成為什么樣的人時，她對我解釋道。A.explains解釋；B.proves證明；C.states陳述；D.shows展示。根據(jù)“aswetalkaboutthekindofpersonIamandwhatIwillbecome.”可知，母親針對談論的問題進行解釋。故選A。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以選擇一些配料，在它們還年輕的時候加入，在面團發(fā)起來之后還有時間塑造它們。A.menus菜單；B.nutrients營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)；C.ingredients成分，配料；D.recipes食譜。根據(jù)“youwilladdtothemix”可知，此處指選擇一些配料加入面團中。故選C。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.roll滾動；B.shape使成為……的形狀；C.season加作料；D.bake烘焙。根據(jù)“afterthedough(面團)hasrisen.”可知，在面團發(fā)起來之后還有時間對其整形，塑造它們。故選B。【24題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但一旦你把它們放進烤箱，就很難再做其他事情了。A.once一旦；B.unless除非；C.until直到；D.while當……時候。根據(jù)“it’sdifficulttodomuchelse.”可知，一旦被放進烤箱，就什么也做不了了。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我的母親總是邀請我為她的制作做貢獻，尤其是在我們的傳統(tǒng)烘焙日。A.breakdown分解；B.contributeto貢獻，促成；C.sellout賣完；D.makefor有利于。根據(jù)下文“Mysmallbutessentialtasksfilledmewith_____

tohelp.

”可知，母親總是邀請作者在烘焙日幫忙，做出點貢獻。故選B。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的小而重要的任務讓我充滿了幫助別人的愿望。A.endurance忍耐力；B.willpower意志力；C.desire渴望，愿望；D.curiosity好奇心。根據(jù)上文“Mymotheralwaysinvitedmeto_______herproduction,especiallyduringourtraditionalBakingDay.”以及空后“tohelp”可知，母親讓作者在烘焙日做出貢獻，分配的小任務讓作者充滿了幫助別人的愿望。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個面團可以做成任何我能說出名字的美味食物，餅干，或者松餅。A.game游戲；B.process過程；C.dessert甜品；D.dough面團。根據(jù)上文“Iwatchasshekneads(揉)doughbrisklyandskillfully.”可知，此處指面團可以做成任何各種美味的食物，是信息詞dough的詞匯復現(xiàn)。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我最重要的工作就是在她解釋過程中的每一步時都要集中注意力。A.absorb吸收，使專心，理解；B.think想，認為；C.wonder想知道；D.reply回復，回應。根據(jù)“payattention”可知，此處指在母親解釋過程中的每一步時都要集中注意力。故選A。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每次她把東西從烤箱里取