2024年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語篇理解技能梳理+模擬試題08 閱讀理解之七選五

08閱讀理解之七選五

【典題示例】

37

Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.

Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers（月巴料）.38Still

othersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplants.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthat

mightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.

?Recall（回憶）yourchildhoodmemories

A.Knowwhyyougarden

B.Findagoodplaceforyourowngarden

【思路分析】本題考查對(duì)段落小標(biāo)題的選擇。首先根據(jù)下文的另一個(gè)小標(biāo)題?Recall（回憶）yourchildhood

memories（祈使句），可以將選擇范圍縮小到A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)之間，再根據(jù)段落中的thereareanumberofother

reasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.可以發(fā)現(xiàn)該段

主要是分析從事園藝的原因，故選A。

策略2：根據(jù)一致，確定段落主題句

根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其

他相關(guān)的詞,推斷出主題句

段落鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，從選項(xiàng)中查找這些線

、主題句,索詞的同義詞、近義詞或關(guān)聯(lián)詞

正確答案與空后一句在意思上緊密銜

接，在內(nèi)容上連貫且符合邏輯

【典題示例】（2021?全國(guó)乙卷?節(jié)選）

36,ifyou'reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody'shouseforthefirst

time.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.

A.Howdoyouknowthehost

B.Thefirststepistogoexploring

C.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”

D.Bepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangers

E.Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay

F.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking

G.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost

【思路分析】本題考查段落主題句。從本段中的“ifyou?reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou9rewanderinginto

somebody'shouseforthefirsttime",及"beadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers”可知本

段主要談?wù)摿俗叱隽俗约旱氖孢m區(qū)，或者第一次走進(jìn)別人的家里，敢于冒險(xiǎn)，嘗試不同的食物，和陌生人交

談。選項(xiàng)“B.Thefirststepistogoexploring”符合語境。故選B。

策略3：瞻前顧后，確定段落過渡句

研讀上一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是上一段結(jié)尾

的內(nèi)容

段落

過渡句結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容，使所選答案在內(nèi)容和邏'

輯上都能夠把兩段無縫對(duì)接

【典題示例】（2021?全國(guó)甲卷?節(jié)選）

Swap,Don'tShop!

Youkeephearingaboutrecycling,right?Butitdoesn'tendwithbottles,cans,andpaper.Clothing

takesahugeamountofnaturalresources（資源）tomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothing（orthrowingoutold

clothing）isnothealthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthose

perfectly-good-but-you^e-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?

16.Ifsthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveaparty

allatthesametime.

A.Lesspeoplethanthat

B.Holdaclothingswap

C.Iftwopeoplearecompeting

D.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.Donatewhateverclothesareleftover

F.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots

【思路分析】本題考查段落過渡句。本題前段尾句問“那么，該如何處理那些堆在臥室地板上的雖完好但可

能有點(diǎn)厭倦的衣服呢？”，后句提到“這是扔掉舊衣服、從朋友那里得到衣服并同時(shí)開派對(duì)的最好方法”，B選

項(xiàng)“進(jìn)行衣物交換”是對(duì)前句的回答，同時(shí)引起下文，故選B。

規(guī)律2：段中設(shè)空——“七種關(guān)系”助力解題

通?？疾榕c前后句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系和上下文的銜接?？疾橐c(diǎn)有：總分關(guān)系、解釋關(guān)系、例證關(guān)系、

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系和并列關(guān)系。有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)下列銜接詞匯或短語結(jié)構(gòu)：first,second,then,

next,later,soon,so,but,however,additionally,whafsmore,thatis,namely,inotherwords,

foronething...foranother等，這些詞匯和短語結(jié)構(gòu)在文章中起到提示邏輯關(guān)系的作用，是解題時(shí)需要重

點(diǎn)關(guān)注的部分。

策略1:根據(jù)總分關(guān)系確定答案

掌握特點(diǎn)：“總”是指總體概括，“分”

指的是內(nèi)容的具體展開

總分

關(guān)系技巧運(yùn)用：是先“總”后“分”，是先“分”

后“總”，還是先“總”后“分”再“總”

【典題示例】

Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.37Wesleptinatent,

cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.Thisbriefvisit

withMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor'sbill

formyson'sfoodpoisoning.

C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.

F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecameinterestedincamping.

【思路分析】本題考查總分關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文的描述“我們睡在帳篷里、在篝火上做飯、走很遠(yuǎn)的路去洗澡和

上廁所”可知，這次野營(yíng)比較艱難，設(shè)空處是總體評(píng)價(jià)，后面是詳細(xì)描述。故選C。

策略2：根據(jù)解釋關(guān)系確定答案

掌握特點(diǎn)：提出觀點(diǎn)，然后對(duì)該觀點(diǎn)解

〕「釋說明

解釋

關(guān)系技巧運(yùn)用：設(shè)空處是提出的觀點(diǎn)還是對(duì)

觀點(diǎn)的解釋說明

（典題示例】（2021?新高考I卷?節(jié)選）

InFrance,qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency（效率）.Youcantellthisbycafeslife.

Frenchcafesarealwayscrowded.40Whendothesepeoplework?TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweek

seriously-soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofcompanieslimitingthe

numberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.

A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.

B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.

C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.

D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.

E.ThafsnottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.

F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.

G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.

【思路分析】本題考查解釋關(guān)系。設(shè)空前介紹法國(guó)咖啡廳常常很擁擠，設(shè)空處“并非所有的顧客都是游客”符

合語境，空后通過設(shè)問“這些人什么時(shí)候工作呢？"，用回答該問題的方式來解釋為什么當(dāng)?shù)厝擞袝r(shí)間享受咖

啡館生活。故選A。

策略3：根據(jù)例證關(guān)系確定答案

掌握特點(diǎn)：思維上的形象（例子、類比

等）和抽象（觀點(diǎn)）的辯證關(guān)系

例證

關(guān)系技巧運(yùn)用：是先給例子，再歸納觀點(diǎn);

還是先給出觀點(diǎn)，再舉例說明

【典題示例】（2021?新高考I卷?節(jié)選）

Theplacewasn'tentirelyauthentic,though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment,theplumbing（水管）

worked.37Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid,"Ouverturedesportes,9,in

perfectFrench.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered,andifsashameIdon'thavemuchuseforit.

A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.

B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.

C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.

D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.

E.ThafsnottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.

F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.

G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.

【思路分析】本題考查例證關(guān)系。本段句首提出觀點(diǎn):“可是，這個(gè)地方并不完全像地道的巴黎”，接下來要舉

例說明，再結(jié)合空前一句講的是“管道正常工作”，空后一句講的是“甚至還有小電梯”，本句內(nèi)容應(yīng)該涉及房

子的好處“公寓里有不錯(cuò)的廚房和舒適的床”，故選C。

策略4：根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系確定答案

掌握特點(diǎn)：指英語行文中后句與前句構(gòu)

府南，成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系

關(guān)系口|技巧運(yùn)用：空格前后兩句話之間如果是

邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)

.表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子，

表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有:but但是,however/whereas然而，nevertheless仍然，然而，不過，nonetheless

盡管如此，依然，然而，still還；然而，though可是，不過，然而，yet然而，inspiteof不顧，不管，atany

rate無論如何，至少，inanycase無論如何，不管怎樣，whoever無論是誰，whatever無論什么，onthe

contrary正相反，incontrast與此相反，相比之下，bycontrast相反，相比之下，incomparison比較起來，

比較地，bycomparison相比之下，conversely相反（地），otherwise否貝上除此以外,not...but不是而是,

aswell也等。

【典題示例】（2021?浙江高考?節(jié)選）

“Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends.hesaystoChinaDaily,“butyoucanimaginethataftera

while,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit.

32"Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:

online.ManywouldsaytheInternetisaplaceforpeoplewhohavegivenuponthetraditionalpostalservice,

butPaulo'shunch（直覺）paidoff.

A.Andthafstotallyfine.

B.Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit.

Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobby.

D.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.

E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.

F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.

G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.

【思路分析】本題考查轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。設(shè)空處前一句的句意為“過了一段時(shí)間你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己收到的明信片沒有發(fā)

出去的多”。設(shè)空處后一句的句意為“然而，Paulo沒有放棄自己的愛好，而是采取了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的方式”根據(jù)邏輯判

斷，設(shè)空處應(yīng)與其前一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，意為“那完全不成問題”。故選A。

策略5：根據(jù)因果關(guān)系確定答案

’掌握特點(diǎn)：指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)

伍果之間的關(guān)系

因果IJ

關(guān)系」［技巧運(yùn)用：是說明了前因后果還是前果,

后因等情況

表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有asaresult/consequently結(jié)果,thus/therefore因止匕,so(such)...that...如此...以

至于……等。

【典題示例】(2021?新高考I卷?節(jié)選)

MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.36Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantastically

expensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthe

hallway.

A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.

B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.

C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.

D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.

E.ThafsnottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.

F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.

G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.

【思路分析】本題考查因果關(guān)系。根據(jù)空后的句子中的So可知，該句與設(shè)空處是因果關(guān)系。F項(xiàng)“我們的目

的是想看看我們能否像真正的巴黎人一樣生活”是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。故選F。

策略6：根據(jù)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系確定答案

掌握特點(diǎn)：后面的句子是對(duì)前面所述內(nèi)容

「的進(jìn)一步解釋說明，即行文中后句對(duì)前句

I是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系.

技巧運(yùn)用：空格前后兩句之間如果是邏輯

，上的層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)表

、示遞進(jìn)的句子，

表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的連詞有：also也，而且，further另外（地），furthermore而且，此外，likewise同樣地,

照樣地；也，又，similarly相似地，類似地，moreover而且，再者，此外，inaddition另外，加之，whafs

more更重要的是，too也還，either也，neither兩者都不，notonly...butalso不但而且等。

【典題示例】（2021?浙江高考?節(jié)選）

Languageiscertainlyabarrierformanypeople.Forpostcrossingtoworkworldwide,acommon

communicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.Ascoolasitmaybetoreceivea

postcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.34Soacommon

languageisrequiredandinpostcrossingthafsEnglishsinceifswidelyspoken.

A.Andthat'stotallyfine.

B.Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit.

C.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobby.

D.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.

E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.

F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.

G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.

【思路分析】本題考查遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconcept

doesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.”雖然收到一張漢語卡片很酷，但如果你不懂漢語，你就看不懂意

思"，而F項(xiàng)Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.“同

樣，如果你只會(huì)說中文，收到一張瑞典語的卡片也會(huì)讓你失去一部分樂趣”與前句構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選

Fo

策略7：根據(jù)并列關(guān)系確定答案

掌握特點(diǎn)：前后兩句是邏輯上的并列

關(guān)系

并列

技巧運(yùn)用：尋找表示并列的關(guān)系詞，如:

關(guān)系

and,first(ly),second(ly),...;first,then/next,...;

inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,...;fbr

onething,fbranother,...;tobeginwith,to

conclude等標(biāo)志性詞語

【典題示例】（2021?全國(guó)乙卷?節(jié)選）

38Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking?Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwine

away,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(講臺(tái)).Ifyou'rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelp

youinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.39.

A.Howdoyouknowthehost

B.Thefirststepistogoexploring

C.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”

D.Bepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangers

E.Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay

F.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking

G.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost

【思路分析】本題考查并列關(guān)系?？仗幣c空格前的“Ifyou9rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthe

kitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.”構(gòu)成并列句中的選擇關(guān)系，并與首句中"won't

stoptalking”呼應(yīng)，故E項(xiàng)(或者把談話變成一個(gè)他們無話可說的話題)符合語境。故選E。

規(guī)律3：段尾設(shè)空——“總結(jié)概括”+“過渡銜接”

策略1：利用主題句或總結(jié)句確定答案

通常是結(jié)論性、概括性的語句。分析與

前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或是對(duì)比關(guān)系

主題句’在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)、

或詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前

.總結(jié)句.文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系,

表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞有：

therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,to

sumup,toconclude,inaword等,選項(xiàng)中

也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句

【典題示例】（2021.浙江高考?節(jié)選）

You'vegotmail...andifsapostcard

PauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightly

coloredpictureofRome9sColosseum.OrAfrica^VictoriaFalls.OrChina?sGreatWall.31

A.Andthafstotallyfine.

B.Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit.

C.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobby.

D.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.

E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.

F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.

G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.

【思路分析】本題考查段落總結(jié)句。前面提到PauloMagalhaes喜歡世界各地明信片的內(nèi)容“羅馬圓形大劇

場(chǎng)的彩色圖片，或者是非洲維多利亞瀑布，或者是中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城”，設(shè)空處對(duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)“總之，他喜歡明信

片……故選G。

策略2：利用段落過渡句確定答案

掌握特點(diǎn)：有可能是考查承上啟下的過

「渡句。會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞（如轉(zhuǎn)折詞）引出

［來，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞，

‘段落

技巧運(yùn)用：若所選答案是引出下一段的

過渡句,內(nèi)容，在選項(xiàng)中可能找不出與前文之間

的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開頭是否

有一定的銜接。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭幾

句，看是否能與選項(xiàng)緊密連接起來

【典題示例】

IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhave

laughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,and

uncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.36

Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.Thetriptheytookmeon

wasaroughone.Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshower

andusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfroma

badcaseofsunburnandthedoctor'sbillformyson'sfoodpoisoning.

D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.

E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.

【思路分析】本題考查段落過渡句。文章首段是說“如果三年前有人告訴我以后大部分的周末時(shí)間都會(huì)露營(yíng),

我會(huì)放聲大笑?！倍O(shè)空處后面講的是“介紹我去露營(yíng)的朋友們認(rèn)為這注定是一次具有開創(chuàng)性的露營(yíng)。”兩段

內(nèi)容上有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以要填一個(gè)承上啟下的過渡句“然而，自從那時(shí)以來我學(xué)到了很多有關(guān)露營(yíng)的知識(shí)?！?/p>

故選D。

策略3：利用補(bǔ)充信息句確定答案

掌握特點(diǎn):非首段段尾設(shè)空還有可能

補(bǔ)充是對(duì)前文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明

信息句

技巧運(yùn)用：選擇補(bǔ)充性的語句

【典題示例】

?Don'tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsor

yourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.

39_.

B.Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.

C.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.

【思路分析】本題考查補(bǔ)充信息句。本段主要講的是：不要把個(gè)人信息和經(jīng)歷告訴教授，如果你需要延長(zhǎng)最

后期限，只需要向教授解釋處境即可。最后應(yīng)該補(bǔ)充說明：如果需要了解更多信息，他們會(huì)詢問的。故選

CO

規(guī)律4：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法——破解語篇銜接難題

策略1：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)法

掌握特點(diǎn)：一個(gè)單詞在一個(gè)語意場(chǎng)中

以同樣的形式反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，有時(shí)兼有詞

形的變化。如：上文出現(xiàn)了“says”與

原詞、下文中的“said”可以看成是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),

復(fù)現(xiàn)法'技巧運(yùn)用：（1）尋找空格前后句中的相

同關(guān)鍵詞；（2）根據(jù)語言習(xí)慣，第一句

的賓語往往是第二句的主語，或者前

后句有相同、重疊的詞語

【典題示例】（2021?全國(guó)乙卷?節(jié)選）

Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou5refacedwithanawkwardsilence

atadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment（贊揚(yáng)）.

40Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,"Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallabout

it.”

A.Howdoyouknowthehost

B.Thefirststepistogoexploring

C.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”

D.Bepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangers

E.Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay

F.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking

G.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost

【思路分析】本題考查原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)段落主題句可知，本段主要講面對(duì)“otherdinner-partykiller:awkward

silence（宴會(huì)殺手：尷尬的沉默）“我們?cè)撛趺崔k。由"theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainisto

givethehostacompliment”和G選項(xiàng)"Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthe

most（他或她是最能感受到這種尷尬的人）”中的“Heorshe（指代host）”及“awkwardness（原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)）”可知G項(xiàng)符

合語境。故選G。

策略2：代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)法

掌握特點(diǎn):為了避免與上文提到的名詞

重復(fù)，用不同的代詞指代上文提到的

人、事物或事件；指代前面提及的名詞、

代詞名詞短語或句子概念

、復(fù)咽I技巧運(yùn)用：（1）注意空前空后句中出現(xiàn)的

j代詞，并確定其意義；（2）結(jié)合指代意義

、和單復(fù)數(shù)解題.

it可指代單數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞或整個(gè)句子;they或them指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞；one指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；that指

代不可數(shù)名詞或句子;this指代單數(shù)名詞或句子;these或those指代前句的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。還有反身代詞、指示代

詞、關(guān)系代詞等。

【典題示例】（2021.全國(guó)乙卷.節(jié)選）

Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdo

youdoforaliving?”,you511beabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou5re

talkingto.37,itcanbringin“Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle^^or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazy

peoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.Itjustopensupconversation.

A.Howdoyouknowthehost

B.Thefirststepistogoexploring

C.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”

D.Bepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangers

E.Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay

F.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking

G.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost

【思路分析】本題考查代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。從此空后的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)可推知此空應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)從句。再根據(jù)后面句子itcan

bringin"Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle^^or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingat

sillyjokesintheback."（它可以帶來“我有一輛舊的，壞了的車”或者“我和這些瘋狂的人一起坐在公共汽車上,

他們?cè)诤竺嫘χ薮赖男υ挕钡幕卮穑┲械膇t代指前面提出的問題，可知C.Ifyouaskthequestion-Howdid

yougethere?”（如果你問“你怎么來的？"）符合語境。故選C。

策略3：派生復(fù)現(xiàn)法

掌握特點(diǎn)：派生詞是由詞根加詞綴構(gòu)

’派生、「成的詞

復(fù)現(xiàn)法J技巧運(yùn)用：在句中尋找這類詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)］

【典題示例】

40Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.To

makesureyougetenoughVitaminD-butstillprotectyourskin-putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.It

takessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthafsplentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday's

worthofVitaminD.

A.Freshaircleansourlungs.

B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?

C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.

D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.

E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?

F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.

G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.

【思路分析】本題考查派生復(fù)現(xiàn)。下文中的“beneficial”與D項(xiàng)中的“benefit”屬于同根詞,屬于派生詞

重復(fù)信息。

策略4：同義復(fù)現(xiàn)法

掌握特點(diǎn)：指意義相同或相近的詞、

同義詞組或同義句子。如:room與space

復(fù)現(xiàn)法/技巧運(yùn)用：在句中尋找同義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)

【典題示例】（2021.新高考I卷.節(jié)選）

Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeonenotedinthispapera

coupleofweeksago,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.38Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelike

cardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.

A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.

B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.

C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.

D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.

E.ThafsnottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.

F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.

G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.

【思路分析】本題考查同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。G項(xiàng)中的delicious與設(shè)空前的great形成同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，而且空后又具

體例證了巴黎人吃的食物很美味。故選G。

策略5：反義復(fù)現(xiàn)法

」掌握特點(diǎn)：上下文中有互為相反詞義

'反義］［的單詞、短語或者意思相反的句子

區(qū)幽q技巧運(yùn)用：在句中尋找反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)

【典題示例】（2021?全國(guó)甲卷?節(jié)選）

?Invite5-10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.17,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingsto

choosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.

A.Lesspeoplethanthat

B.Holdaclothingswap

C.Iftwopeoplearecompeting

D.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.Donatewhateverclothesareleftover

F.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots

G.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition

【思路分析】本題考查反義復(fù)現(xiàn)。本題要求選擇一個(gè)半句，與下文的“morethanthat.形成對(duì)比，要有l(wèi)ess

thanthat,less與more構(gòu)成反義詞，句意：人比這少，可能沒有足夠的東西可供選擇；人比這多，它變得無法

控制。其中，選項(xiàng)A中的that指代前文的5—10people,故選.A。

名校資源學(xué)練

1

Letuslookatwhatmakesaneffectivepersuasivespeech.

Chooseagoodtopic.

First,youshouldchooseatopicyouknowsomethingaboutorhaveresearchedwelltoprepareforyourspeech.

Makesureitisasubjectaboutwhichpeoplehavedifferentopinions.]

Itisalsobesttochooseasubjectyourlistenerscareaboutorcanacton.2Youcanexpectthatthey

careabouthowthetownappears,orthattheycanchangetheiractions.So,givingaspeechaboutwhylittering

harmsyourtown'sappearancemightpersuadepeoplewhodoittostop.

3

Youshouldconsideryourlistenersasyouplanyourspeech.Whatdotheyvalue?Thinkingofthethingsyour

listenersvaluewillhelpyouformargumentsinyourspeech.Ifyouwantthemtostopeatingunhealthyfoods,for

example,youmayappealtothevalueoftheirappearance.Youwilltalkabouthowhealthyfoodsresultin

good-lookingskinandanattractivebody.

Prepareyourargument.

4WeuseGreekwordstodescribethembecausetheancientGreeksdevelopedandappealedtothese

ideas.Theyare:

Ethos-appealtothelisteners9ethicsormorals.

Pathos-appealtothelisteners9emotions.

Logos-appealtothelisteners9logicorintelligence.

Organizeyourspeech.

Youshouldmakeanoutlineofyourspeech.Startwithanattention-gettingstatement.Thenexplainyourmain

ideaandgiveevidencetosupportyourargument.Listthepointsyouwanttomakeandthinkofhowtoanswer

argumentsagainstyourposition.

Finishwithacalltoaction-whatdoyouwantyourlistenerstodo?5Donotplantoreadthespeech

word-for-wordfromapaper.

A.Knowyouraudience.

B.Makethethemeclear.

C.Whatwillyoudoifyoufail?

D.Doyouseepeopleinyourtownlittering?

E.Itwouldnotbelogicaltospeakaboutafactrecognizedbyeverybody.

F.Therearethreecommonwaystopersuadepeopleofyourwayofthinking.

G.Finally,practiceathomeuntilyouneedonlyanotecardwithyourmainpointsonitwhenyougivethe

speech.

2

Haveyouimaginedmakinganattractivegardenwhichwillbethereasonforyourneighbors9envy?

6Butnoteveryoneofthemhasthetalentformakingithappen.However,ifthere9sonethingthey

DOknow,ifshowtomakeasimplecupoftea.Asfortheusedteabags,mostofthemfindthey9reonthelandfill

site,butnolonger!Yourusedteabagcanworkwondersinyourgardenbyyoursimplyburyingit.7

Continuetoreadwhatitdoes.

Ifyouhaveevertriedtogrowsomeseedli