押長沙卷第56-60題 知識運用之閱讀表達(dá)（解析版）-備戰(zhàn)2024年中考英語臨考題號押題

押湖南卷第56-60題知識運用之閱讀表達(dá)（長沙卷）【題型概述】分析湖南近3年各地市中考英語真題可知,回答問題型閱讀的話題涉及故事類、介紹類、觀點建議類、飲食與健康類、科普知識類、文化風(fēng)俗類及校園生活類。詞數(shù)為200-260詞，一般情況下，每篇文章設(shè)5個問題，其中以4個特殊疑問句、1個一般疑問句居多，少量涉及5個特殊疑問句和3個特殊疑問句、2個一般疑問句。【閱讀策略】此類題型不僅要求考生讀懂文章，還要求考生能夠用自己的語言簡要地回答有關(guān)問題;既考查考生的閱讀理解能力，也考查考生的英語表達(dá)能力和概括能力。另外，對考生的拼寫能力、語法掌握能力也提出了一定的要求,再加上解答這樣的題型幾乎沒有猜題的技巧可言,加大了做題的難度。要想取得較好的成績,好的解題步驟和技巧是非常重要的。本題型答題應(yīng)注意以下五點:、在答題前，先快速瀏覽短文之后的問題。以便于在閱讀的時候，有意識地留意文中出現(xiàn)的與問題有關(guān)的信息。二、認(rèn)真細(xì)讀全文及所給圖表，了解短文及圖表中的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，包括人物、時間、地點、內(nèi)容、原因、數(shù)量、結(jié)果及圖片各個要素之間的關(guān)系等,即who,when,where,what,why,howmany,how等基本要素信息,并作出不同的標(biāo)記，以備答題時一目了然，提高答題速度和效率。三、仔細(xì)閱讀問題，在理解題意的基礎(chǔ)上，從文中或圖片中提取所需要的信息進(jìn)行逐一回答，此時一定要注意圖片之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，讀懂圖片以后，再認(rèn)真組織語言，注意書寫的清晰度與準(zhǔn)確性，注意語言表達(dá)的邏輯性和嚴(yán)密性。四、對于具有歸納與總結(jié)性的問題，需要對所給圖文中的信息材料進(jìn)行甄別與篩選，綜合相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行必要的轉(zhuǎn)換、歸納和概括。五、對于開放性試題，考生一定要讀懂題意，搞清楚問什么，有幾個問題，防止遺漏。此類試題一般都和文章的話題相關(guān)，對于考生來說并不陌生。重要的是要注意回答問題的人稱和時態(tài)等。比如問過去的事情用一般過去時，表達(dá)自己或他人對某事的觀點用一般現(xiàn)在時;人稱上尤其要注意第三人稱單數(shù)形式。要求考生讀完一篇文章后,根據(jù)文中相關(guān)內(nèi)容,完成相關(guān)的填空題。這種閱讀在形式上靈活多樣,內(nèi)容上豐富多彩,并聯(lián)系實際,強調(diào)主觀表述,旨在考查考生綜合運用語言知識的能力,快速獲取信息的能力,也考查考生組織信息和表達(dá)信息的能力。PassageA（2023湖南長沙卷）Oneday,agroupoftouristsfromAustraliaclimbedalargerockintheCentralParkofNewYorkCity.Theytookpicturesofoneanotherwiththehigh-risebuildingsinthebackground.Likemanyothertourists,theydidn’trealizethathighinanearbytree,therewassomethingmoreworthyofattention:aneagle-owl(雕鸮)namedFlaco.Earlierthatmonth,thebirdFlacomadehisgreatescape(逃跑)fromtheCentralParkZoo.Thezookeepersthentriedseveraltimestocatchhimbutwereunsuccessful.Heseemedtobeinnohurrytoreturntothezoo.OlgaTorrey,aphotographer,hasbeenphotographinganimalsincityparksfor12years.SinceFlacoescaped,Torreyhaskeptacloseeyeonhim.Shewonderedifhewouldeverreturntothezoo.“Oncehegetsatasteoffreedom,I’mnotsure...”shesaid.Still,eachdayspentoutsideputsFlacoindanger.Hemightaccidentallyhitwindowsandgetinjured(受傷)whileflying.Moreover,theeagle-owllivedhiswholelifeinthezoointhepast.Hemaynotbeusedtofindingfoodonhisown.Andifhemadeamealofarat(耗子),itmightharmhishealth—theratmightcontainpoison(含有毒物).ThezoohashadtheworkerscarefullywatchFlacoallthetime,astheyareworriedabouthissafety.HasFlacoeatenanythingtoday?Hashegotinjuredtoday?Well,anotherdayofwatchinghasnowbegun.21.WheredidFlacoescapefrom?22.WhatisOlgaTorrey’sjob?23.IfFlacomadeamealofarat,whatmighthappentohim?24.WhydothezooworkerskeepwatchingFlacocarefully?25.ShouldwegetFlacobacktothezoo?Whyorwhynot?【答案】21.TheCentralParkZoo.22.Aphotographer.23.Hishealthmightbeharmed.24.Becausetheyareworriedabouthissafety.25.Yes,becauseFalcomaynotbeusedtothelifeoutsidethezoo.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了從中央公園動物園逃離出去的一只名為Flaco的雕鸮。大家都在擔(dān)心Flaco是否會受傷，是否能成功覓食，是否會誤吃了含有毒物的老鼠等，攝影師OlgaTorrey和動物園的員工們都在密切留意著Flaco?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)“Earlierthatmonth,thebirdFlacomadehisgreatescapefromtheCentralParkZoo.”可知，F(xiàn)laco是從中央公園動物園逃離出去的。故填TheCentralParkZoo.【22題詳解】根據(jù)“OlgaTorrey,aphotographer,hasbeenphotographinganimalsincityparksfor12years.”可知，OlgaTorrey是一個攝影師。故填A(yù)photographer.【23題詳解】根據(jù)“Andifhemadeamealofarat,itmightharmhishealth”可知，如果Flaco吃了老鼠，那可能會損害他的健康。故填Hishealthmightbeharmed.【24題詳解】根據(jù)“ThezoohashadtheworkerscarefullywatchFlacoallthetime,astheyareworriedabouthissafety.”可知，因為動物園的工作人員們擔(dān)心Flaco的安全，所以他們一直密切留意著他。故填Becausetheyareworriedabouthissafety.【25題詳解】開放性問題，回答言之有理即可。如根據(jù)“Moreover,theeagle-owllivedhiswholelifeinthezoointhepast.Hemaynotbeusedtofindingfoodonhisown.”可知，F(xiàn)laco一直生活在動物園里，他可能不習(xí)慣自己去覓食，如果Flaco獨自生活在外面，他可能會不習(xí)慣外面的環(huán)境，從而無法生存下去，所以我們應(yīng)該把Flaco送回動物園。故填Yes,becauseFalcomaynotbeusedtothelifeoutsidethezoo.PassageB（2022湖南長沙卷）MessageNewReplyForwardDeletePrintMovetoDearWang,GreattohearyouarecomingtotheUSA!IdohopeyoucanstopbyandvisitusintheBigApple—apopularnameforNewYorkCity.Therearesomanythingstoseeanddohere.Itwouldtakealifetimetolistthemall:Chinatown,WallStreet,CentralPark,tonameonlyafew.ButknowingyouasIdo,I’dsuggestwalkingthroughMidtownManhattan.ItisverypopularintheUSAandjustcan’tbemissed!PeopleoftensaythatnovisittoNewYorkCityiscompletewithoutatriptoBroadway!Broadwaywithitscafés,streetperformers（表演者）andcolorfulsignsreallyrepresentsNewYork’sloudspirit!AsBroadwayistheheartoftheAmericantheaterindustry,it’satnightwhenittrulycomesalive.Broadwayiswell-knownforitsbigtheaters.TheyshowShakespeare,modernplays,danceshowsormusicals—takeyourpick!Withyourloveofsingingandinterestindrama（戲?。?I’drecommend（推薦）amusical.It’sagreatandmovingexperiencethatI’msureyouwouldlove—abitlikePekingopera!ManymusicalsarebasedonclassicstorieslikeLesMiserablesorPeterPan,andtheymighteveninspire（激發(fā)）youtoreadthebooks,too!MybignewsisthatIamgoingtoChinaonvacationthiswinter.IamlookingforplacesofinterestinChina.Canyourecommendsometome?Seeyousoon!Leslie21.WhatisNewYorkCityalsocalled?22.IsBroadwayfamousforitsbigtheaters?23.Whataremanymusicalsbasedon?24.WhenisLesliegoingtoChinaonvacation?25.WhichplaceofinterestinChinawillyourecommendtoLeslie?參考答案：本文是Leslie寫給中國朋友的一封信，信中主要介紹了紐約的景點，尤其是百老匯的劇院。【21題詳解】根據(jù)“IdohopeyoucanstopbyandvisitusintheBigApple—apopularnameforNewYorkCity.”可知，紐約又被稱作“大蘋果”。故填TheBigApple.【22題詳解】根據(jù)“Broadwayiswell-knownforitsbigtheaters.”可知，百老匯以其大劇院而聞名，因此答案是肯定的。故填Yes,itis.【23題詳解】根據(jù)“ManymusicalsarebasedonclassicstorieslikeLesMiserablesorPeterPan,”可知，許多音樂劇都是根據(jù)（《悲慘世界》或《彼得潘》等）經(jīng)典故事改編的。故填Theyarebasedonclassicstories(likeLesMiserablesorPeterPan).【24題詳解】根據(jù)“MybignewsisthatIamgoingtoChinaonvacationthiswinter.”可知，Leslie將要在今年冬天去中國度假。故填Thiswinter.【25題詳解】開放性問題，答案不唯一，符合實際即可。故參考答案為IwillrecommendtheGreatWalltoher.一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題是原文提到了某事物、現(xiàn)象或理論,題干針對原文具體敘述本身發(fā)問。這類題在原文中可直接找到答案,常用一般疑問句、選擇疑問句以及由who,what,where,when,why和how等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句來提問。凡是針對特定事實細(xì)節(jié)的考題,其正確答案大都可以在閱讀材料中找到相應(yīng)的文字作為驗證。回答此類問題一般采取尋讀法,即先讀題,然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文,找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子,再進(jìn)行分析對比,找出答案。例原文:Onthefirstdayofschool,ourprofessorintroducedalittleoldladytous.問題:Whodidtheprofessorintroduceonthefirstdayofschool?思路:通過審題后尋讀,考生應(yīng)回答:Alittleoldlady.二、主旨大意題此類問題主要考查學(xué)生概括文章主旨或段落大意的能力,其主要目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生歸納主要信息的能力?，F(xiàn)在初中學(xué)生閱讀時的普遍問題是文章大意基本能看懂,但缺乏歸納主題和寫作目的的能力,而這恰恰是閱讀教學(xué)的主要目的。主旨大意題的提問方式通常是:Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?/Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?/Whatisthepurposeofthewriter’swritingthepassage?/WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?/Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?由于文章的主旨大意通常會出現(xiàn)在首尾段或段落的首尾句,所以回答此類型題一般采用略讀法。略讀時要特別注意短文的首段、首句或末句,一般文章的主旨大意就在這里。抓住每段中的關(guān)鍵詞語,便可以迅速把握短文的主旨以及主要信息的分布,在答題時就心中有數(shù)了?！镉行┪恼轮髦即笠馇逦髁?考生只需從原文中提取信息即可?！镉行┪恼鲁诵枰盐帐孜捕位蚨温涫孜碴P(guān)鍵句之外,考生還要把握全文結(jié)構(gòu),分清段落層次,從而歸納出主旨大意。思路:通過略讀尋找首尾段的關(guān)鍵句,并結(jié)合人們不喜歡藍(lán)色食物的現(xiàn)象以及原因,考生應(yīng)總結(jié)答案為:Peopledon’tlikethebluefoodandthereasons.三、信息歸納題該類題目要求考生能在短文中找到題目所涉及的事實性細(xì)節(jié),并能適當(dāng)進(jìn)行歸納表達(dá)。在找到相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)信息之后,有時可照搬原文信息輕松作答,有時還要對事實性信息進(jìn)行適當(dāng)整理。解答信息歸納題時,一方面要在對全文理解的基礎(chǔ)上采取尋讀策略,找到相應(yīng)的原文信息;另一方面要使用詞語的恰當(dāng)詞性。很多學(xué)生在考試時就沒有注意到詞性的要求。因此,做這類題要回答全面,也要表述正確。四、開放性問答題此類題目是要求考生針對短文中所出現(xiàn)的話題發(fā)表個人觀點和見解。它沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案,需要考生根據(jù)自己的理解和想象答題。但考生的三觀要符合主流意識形態(tài),陳述理由時不能脫離原文的背景。開放性的問題使考生跳出了一定的限制范圍,有利于體現(xiàn)創(chuàng)造性思維。考生在平時要多思考生活,關(guān)注社會和國內(nèi)外問題,中考時方可寫出具有自己個性、言簡意賅且合情合理的句子。PassageAKarlsson,aforeignteacheratBeijingUnionUniversity(BUU),haslivedinChinaforover15years.HeshowedgreatinterestinChinawhenhejoinedinaprogramforEastAsianstudiesinSwitzerlandin1997.Backthen,cellphonesandtheInternetwerenotwidelyused.LearningChinesemeantusingtextbooks,dictionariesandtapes.HelearnedChineseinthatway.In2006,withahighscoreintheChineselanguagetest,hewonascholarshipforafive-weeksummerprograminBeijing.Afterfinishingthestudyprogram,KarlssonwasofferedaBeijing-basedjobasamarketresearcher.Inthenextyear,hestartedtoteachbusinessatBUU.LifeinBeijinghasbeenawonderfulexperience.Ithasofferedhimmanychancesforpersonalgrowth.Today,thankstohigh-speedbroadband(寬帶)and5G,hecanconnectwithstudentsatBUU'spartneruniversitiesinRussiaorMexicowhileridingontheBeijingsubway.Althoughhewasbusyonteachingdays,Karlssonapplied(申請)forafull-timescholarship(獎學(xué)金)attheUniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomicsinBeijing.Attheageof44,hegothisPh.D.ineconomics(經(jīng)濟學(xué)博士)."Iamquiteinterestedinblockchain(區(qū)塊鏈)technology,andIknowthatChinaisquicklybecomingtheleaderinblockchainapplications.So,Ialwayswritemyarticlesinthisarea,"hesaid."Thereisalwaystimetofollowyourdreamsifyouworkhard,"hesaid."Takingchallengesandalsohelpingothersarewhatmakeslifeworthliving,"1．HowdidKarlssonlearnChineseinSwitzerland?2．HowlongwasthesummerprograminBeijing?3．WhycouldKarlssonconnectwithstudentsfromforeigncountriesonthesubway?4．WhendidKarlssongethisPh.Dineconomics?5．WhatcanyoulearnfromKarlsson'sexperiences?【答案】1．Byusingtextbooks,heavydictionariesandaudiotapes.2．Forfiveweeks.3．Becausehecouldusehigh-speedbroadbandand5G.4．Attheageof44./Whenhewas44.5．AnyreasonableanswerisOK.Possibleanswer:Challengescanhelpusgrow.本文主要介紹一名瑞典老師在北京工作的情況。1．根據(jù)"LearningChinesemeantusingtextbooks,dictionariesandtapes"可知，是通過教材，大字典和有聲磁帶來學(xué)習(xí)中文。故填Byusingtextbooks,heavydictionariesandaudiotapes.2．根據(jù)"hewonascholarshipforafive-weeksummerprograminBeijing."可知，項目有五天時間。故填Forfiveweeks.3．根據(jù)"Today,thankstohigh-speedbroadband(寬帶)and5G,hecanconnectwithstudentsatBUU'spartneruniversitiesinRussiaorMexicowhileridingontheBeijingsubway."可知，因為他可以使用高速寬帶和5G，故填Becausehecouldusehigh-speedbroadbandand5G.4．根據(jù)"Attheageof44,hegothisPh.D.ineconomics(經(jīng)濟學(xué)博士)."可知，44歲時，他獲得了經(jīng)濟學(xué)博士學(xué)位。故填A(yù)ttheageof44./Whenhewas44.5．挑戰(zhàn)可以幫助我們成長，故答案為Challengescanhelpusgrow.PassageBLaboreducationhasbeenmadeapartofcompulsory（義務(wù)的）education.Studentswillhaveatleastonecourseeveryweekonbasichouseholdskillssuchascleaningandcooking.Shouldcookingbetaughtatschools?Howcanlaboreducationcontinueafterschool?Thetopiccatcheswidesocialattentionandcausesheatedpublicdiscussions.LiMei,astudentinBeijingWehavelittletimetodevelopourinterestsbecausewehavetospendmostofthetimestudying.Ahouseholdskillclasscangiveuschancestoexperiencemoreaspectsoflifeandhelpusdiscoverdifferentinterests.Ihopewecouldbegiventhechoicestotakewhatevercourseswelike.Mrs.Chen,ahousewifeinHubeiSchoolsshouldhavecookingclasses.Childrenwillbetaughtabouttheirfoodandhowtocookproperly.Manyparentsdon'thavetheprofessionalknowledgeandhavenotimetodothis.Ahouseholdclasswouldprovidetheknowledgeandtrainingthatparentsareunabletogivetheirchildren.Mr.Wang,ateacherinShandongBylearningbasicskillslikecookingandcleaning,childrencanlearnhowtotakecareofthemselvesandliveindependently.Parentswon'talwayshelptheirchildrenwitheveryproblemthey'llmeetintheirlife.Theyneedtolearnnewthings,solveproblemsandgrowfromtheirexperiences.Itisnecessaryforchildrentoknowhowtomastertheseimportantlifesavingskillsasearlyaspossible.WuWei,anengineerinShanghaiIlearnedsomebasiccookingskillsfrommymother.ButmostofthemwerelearnedafterIgraduatedfromtheuniversity,frombooksandonlineshortvideos.Householdskillslikecookingareveryusefulinourdailylife.Ihopethesecookingclasseswillreallymakethestudentsrealizethatlaborisimportantandvaluable.6．Dothefourpeopleagreetoteachbasichouseholdskillsatschool?7．What'sLiMei'sproblem?8．Whothinksstudentsshouldlearnhowtocookproperly?9．WhyshouldchildrenlearnbasicskillsaccordingtoMr.Wang?10．WhatdoesWuWeithinkoflabor?【答案】6．Yes,theydo.7．Shehaslittletimetodevelopherinterests.8．Mrs.Chendoes./Mrs.Chen.9．Becausetheycanlearnhowtotakecareofthemselvesandliveindependently.10．Hethinkslaborisimportantandvaluable./Importantandvaluable.文章大意：本文主要介紹了四個人對于開設(shè)基本家庭技能課程的不同看法。6．根據(jù)第二段中"Ahouseholdskillclasscangiveuschancestoexperiencemoreaspectsoflifeandhelpusdiscoverdifferentinterests."，第三段中"Ahouseholdclasswouldprovidetheknowledgeandtrainingthatparentsareunabletogivetheirchildren."，第四段中"Itisnecessaryforchildrentoknowhowtomastertheseimportantlifesavingskillsasearlyaspossible."和第五段中"Ihopethesecookingclasseswillreallymakethestudentsrealizethatlaborisimportantandvaluable."可知，這四個人均同意在學(xué)校教授基本的家庭技能。故填：Yes,theydo.7．根據(jù)"LiMei,astudentinBeijing"下面的"Wehavelittletimetodevelopourinterestsbecausewehavetospendmostofthetimestudying."可知，李梅幾乎沒時間發(fā)展她的興趣。故填：Shehaslittletimetodevelopherinterests.8．根據(jù)"Mrs.Chen，ahousewifeinHubei"下面的"Schoolsshouldhavecookingclasses.Childrenwillbetaughtabouttheirfoodandhowtocookproperly."可知，陳女士認(rèn)為孩子們應(yīng)該被教授如何正確烹飪。故填：Mrs.Chendoes./Mrs.Chen.9．根據(jù)"Mr.Wang，ateacherinShandong"下面的"Bylearningbasicskillslikecookingandcleaning,childrencanlearnhowtotakecareofthemselvesandliveindependently."可知，孩子們通過學(xué)習(xí)技能可以學(xué)會如何照顧自己和獨立生活。故填：Becausetheycanlearnhowtotakecareofthemselvesandliveindependently.10．根據(jù)"WuWei，anengineerinShanghai"下面的"Ihopethesecookingclasseswillreallymakethestudentsrealizethatlaborisimportantandvaluable."可知，吳偉認(rèn)為勞動有價值且很重要。故填：Hethinkslaborisimportantandvaluable./Importantandvaluable.PassageCLastMonday,therewasaChinesepapercuttingcompetitioninXiangyangMiddleSchool.Itwasheldintheirmeetinghall.Itwasverysuccessful.Asweknow,Chinesepapercutting,whichisalsocalled"Jianzhi",isatraditionalartforminChina.Peopleusescissorsoraknifetocutpaperintodifferentshapesanddesigns.Chinesepapercuttinghasalonghistory.Chinesepapercuttingisoftenusedathomeduringspecialtraditionaldays.Thedesignscanbeanimals,flowers,orevenpeople.Eachdesignhasadifferentmeaning.ChildreninChinalearnhowtomakepapercutsatayoungage.Itisafunactivityandithelpsthemdeveloptheircreativity(創(chuàng)意)andskills.Theycanmakepapercutstogiveothersasgiftsortousethemtodecorate(裝飾)theirrooms.ChinesepapercuttingispopularinChinaandothercountries.Manypeoplearoundtheworldenjoythisartformandtrytomaketheirownpapercuts.Allinall,Chinesepapercuttingisbeautifulandtraditional.Itisafunactivityforchildren.Ifyouhaveachance,youshouldtrymakingyourownpapercutstoo!11．Whatdopeopleusetocutpaperintodifferentshapesanddesigns?12．WhereisChinesepapercuttingoftenused?13．Doeseachdesignhavethesamemeaning?14．WhendochildreninChinalearnhowtomakepapercuts?15．WhyisChinesepapercuttingpopularinothercountries?【答案】11．Scissorsoraknife./Theyusescissorsoraknifetocutpaperintodifferentshapesanddesigns./Peopleusescissorsoraknifetocutpaperintodifferentshapesanddesigns.12．Athome./Itisoftenusedathome./Chinesepapercuttingisoftenusedathome.13．No,itdoesn't./No,itdoesn'thavethesamemeaning./No,eachdesigndoesn'thavethesamemeaning./No,eachdesignhasadifferentmeaning.14．Atayoungage./Theylearnhowtomakepapercutsatayoungage./ChildreninChinalearnhowtomakepapercutsatayoungage.15．Becausepeoplearoundtheworldenjoythisartformandtrytomaketheirownpapercuts.文章大意：本文介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)文化剪紙。11．根據(jù)第二段中"Peopleusescissorsoraknifetocutpaperintodifferentshapesanddesigns."可知，人們用剪刀或小刀把紙剪成不同的形狀和圖案。故填：Scissorsoraknife./Theyusescissorsoraknifetocutpaperintodifferentshapesanddesigns./Peopleusescissorsoraknifetocutpaperintodifferentshapesanddesigns.12．根據(jù)第三段中"Chinesepapercuttingisoftenusedathomeduringspecialtraditionaldays."可知，在特殊的傳統(tǒng)日子里，中國的剪紙經(jīng)常在家里使用。故填：Athome./Itisoftenusedathome./Chinesepapercuttingisoftenusedathome.13．根據(jù)第三段中"Thedesignscanbeanimals,flowers,orevenpeople.Eachdesignhasadifferentmeaning."可知，剪紙的圖案可以是動物、鮮花，甚至是人。每種設(shè)計都有不同的含義。故填：No,itdoesn't./No,itdoesn'thavethesamemeaning./No,eachdesigndoesn'thavethesamemeaning./No,eachdesignhasadifferentmeaning.14．根據(jù)第四段中"ChildreninChinalearnhowtomakepapercutsatayoungage."可知，中國的孩子們很小的時候就開始學(xué)習(xí)剪紙。故填：Atayoungage./Theylearnhowtomakepapercutsatayoungage./ChildreninChinalearnhowtomakepapercutsatayoungage.15．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中"Manypeoplearoundtheworldenjoythisartformandtrytomaketheirownpapercuts."可知，世界各地的許多人都喜歡這種藝術(shù)形式，并試圖制作自己的剪紙。故填：Becausepeoplearoundtheworldenjoythisartformandtrytomaketheirownpapercuts.PassageDWhilemostpeopleover80arewillingtoenjoylifeafterretirement(退休),ZhaoYafu,anagricultural(農(nóng)業(yè)的)researcherinZhenjiang,JiangsuProvince,likestospendmostoftheyearworkinginthefieldsbetter.Bornin1941,Zhao'schildhooddreamwastobecomeareporter.Whenhewasincollege,Zhaosawhowhardliveswereinthecountryside,sohedecidedtodosomethingtohelp.ButwhenZhaobeganhisplanwithclassesonagriculturalscienceinaprimaryschool,onlytwofarmersappearedandlookedathimsuspiciously(懷疑地)."ThatonlyshowedwhatIwasdoingwasnecessary,"Zhaosaid."Thevillagersneededsomeonetohelpthemchangetheirmindsandembrace(欣然接受)newtechniques(技術(shù))."Zhaokeptonaskingthefarmertousethenewtechniqueshetaughtandtoplantanewkindofrice.Healsoaskedthemtoturntoothercropssuchasstrawberriesandgrapestohelpthemmakemoremoney.Astimewentby,morenewhousesandroadswerebuiltinthevillage,andthevillagersbegantounderstandthatallZhaoreallywantedwastohelpthem.Inhis60yearsinZhenjiang,Zhaohashelpedover160,000farmersshakeoffpoverty(貧窮).HeandhisteamarealsoactiveinWesternChina.Since2013,theyhavehelpedfarmersinWesternChinaearn(賺得)nearly30billionyuan."Isawhowpoorthevillagersusedtobe,andIalsoseehowtheyhavebeenchangedovertheyears.Iwillcontinuewithmyworkifmyhealthpermits(允許),"saidZhao.16．WhichdoesZhaYafulikebetterafterretirement,enjoyinglifeorworkinginthefields?17．WhenwasZhaYafuborn?18．WheredidZhaYafubeginhisplanwithclassesonagriculturalscience?19．WhydidZhaoYafuaskthefarmerstoturntoothercrops?20．HowmanyfarmershasZhaoYafuhelpedtoshakeoffpovertyinZhenjiang?【答案】16．Workinginthefields.17．In1941.18．Inaprimaryschool.19．Tohelpthemmakemoremoney.20．Over/Morethan160,000(farmers).文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市的農(nóng)業(yè)研究員ZhaoYafu一年中大部分時間都喜歡在田里干活。他幫助160,000多名農(nóng)民脫貧。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文ZhaoYafu,anagricultural(農(nóng)業(yè)的)researcherinZhenjiang,JiangsuProvince,likestospendmostoftheyearworkinginthefieldsbetter.可知他更喜歡在田野里工作。故答案為Workinginthefields.17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Bornin1941,Zhao'schildhooddreamwastobecomeareporter.可知他出生于1941。故答案為In1941.18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文ButwhenZhaobeganhisplanwithclassesonagriculturalscienceinaprimaryschool,可知ZhaYafu的農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)課程計劃在小學(xué)開始。故答案為Inaprimaryschool.19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Healsoaskedthemtoturntoothercropssuchasstrawberriesandgrapestohelpthemmakemoremoney.可知ZhaYafu要求農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)種其他作物是為了賺更多的錢。故答案為Tohelpthemmakemoremoney.20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Zhaohashelpedover160,000farmersshakeoffpoverty(貧窮).可知他幫助160,000多名農(nóng)民脫貧。故答案為Over/Morethan160,000(farmers).PassageEAbout2300yearsago,theareaaroundChengduhadbadfloods(洪水)inspringeveryyear.Floodwaterfromthemountainsflowed(流動)downtheMinjiangRiverandcoveredtheland.Luckily,theQingovernor(太守),LiBing,wasawaterengineer.ThekingofQinprovidedthemoneyandaskedthegovernortosolvetheproblem.Theusualmethodtoavoidfloodingistobuildawallacrosstheriver,calledadam.Specialopeningsinthedamallowtheflowofwatertobecontrolled.However,thekinghadalsoaskedLiBingtomakesurethatshipscouldstillusetheriver.Thiswasnecessarybecausethekingneededtosendfoodtohisarmy.SoLiBingstudiedthesituationandcameupwithaplan—aplanthatstillworkstoday!Helpedbyhisson,andtensofthousandsofworkersfromthearea,LiBingbuiltaman-madeislandinthemiddleoftheriver.Thisislandwasshapedlikeafishanditdividedthewaterintoaninnerandanouterriver.Theinnerriverwasdeeperthanbutnotaswideastheouterriver.Ittookfouryearstobuildtheisland.LiBingalsocutanewchannel(運河)throughMountYulei.Thischannelwouldtakewaterawaytoirrigate(灌溉)thelandintheflatfarmlandbelow.Therockofthemountainwasveryhardanddifficulttocut.LiBingusedfiretoheattherockandthenwatertocoolitquickly.Thismadetherockbreakintosmallerpieceswhichcouldbecarriedawaymoreeasily.Cuttingthechanneltookeightyears!AfterLiBing'sworkwasfinished,therewerenomorefloods,andtheDujiangyanirrigationsystem(灌溉系統(tǒng))allowedthefarmerstogrowmoreandmorefood.Theriverflowednaturally,andbecausetherewasnodam,shipsandfishcouldpassfreely.SichuanbecamethemostproductiveareainChina,asitstillistoday.Today,scientistsandvisitorsfromallovertheworldcometolookatthiswonderfulexampleofengineering.ThisworkandthenameofLiBingliveon.21．WhatwasLiBing'sjob?22．WhydidthekingaskLiBingtomakesurethatshipscouldstillusetheriver?（23．WhohelpedLiBingbuildaman-madeislandinthemiddleoftheriver？24．HowlongdidittakeLiBingtocutanewchannel?25．WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheDujiangyanirrigationsystem?【答案】21．Hewasagovernor,awaterengineer.22．Becausethekingneededtosendfoodtohisarmy.23．Hissonandtensofthousandsofworkers.24．Eightyears.25．Itisawonderfulexampleofengineering.文章大意：文章主要是介紹了四川都江堰的由來。21．根據(jù)文章第一段句子"Luckily,theQingovernor(太守),LiBing,wasawaterengineer."可知，李冰是一位水利工程師，秦國的太守。故答案為：Hewasagovernor,awaterengineer。22．根據(jù)文章第二段句子"However,thekinghadalsoaskedLiBingtomakesurethatshipscouldstillusetheriver.Thiswasnecessarybecausethekingneededtosendfoodtohisarmy."可知，因為國王需要給他的軍隊運送食物。故答案為：Becausethekingneededtosendfoodtohisarmy。23．根據(jù)文章第三段句子"Helpedbyhisson,andtensofthousandsofworkersfromthearea,LiBingbuiltaman-madeislandinthemiddleoftheriver."可知，在他兒子和該地區(qū)數(shù)萬名工人的幫助下，李冰在河中央建造了一個人工島。故答案為：Hissonandtensofthousandsofworkers。24．根據(jù)文章第四段句子"Cuttingthechanneltookeightyears!"可知，開辟新河道花了八年時間，故答案為：Eightyears。25．根據(jù)文章最后一段句子"Today,scientistsandvisitorsfromallovertheworldcometolookatthiswonderfulexampleofengineering.ThisworkandthenameofLiBingliveon."可知，來自世界各地的科學(xué)家和游客前來參觀這個奇妙的工程實例。故答案為：Itisawonderfulexampleofengineering。PassageFItwastwomonthsbeforeChristmaswhennine-year-oldRosetoldherfatherandmethatshewantedanewbike.HerSnowWhitebikewasjusttoooldtoride,anditneededrepairingaswell.AsChristmascamecloser,herdreamforabikeseemedtodisappear,forshedidn'tmentionitagain.Wewerebusybuyingsomebeautifulstorybooks,adollhouse,aholidaydressandtoys.Thenmuchtooursurprise,ontheeveningofDecember24,shesaidsheterriblywantedabikemorethananythingelse.Thenwedidn'tknowwhattodo.Itwasjusttoolateforustomakeherdreamcometrue.Sotherewasnotimetobuythe"rightbike"forourlittlegirl.Thinki