大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)和答案

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)和答案：Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingsofthepublicatlarge.Thesameproblem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompany,tryingtodevelopnewproductsandcreatenewjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesortofsumsneededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort-termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisforlong-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.ThistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughtheStockExchange.Bydoingso,theycanputintocirculationthesavingsofindividualandinstitutions,bothathomeandoverseas.Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback,hedoesnothavetogotothecompanywithwhomheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokertosomeothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.ManyoftheservicesneededbothbyindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities.Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,railways,thiscountrycouldnotfunction.Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.TheGovernment,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedtoborrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andtheytoo,cometotheStockExchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.Inonewayoranother,thisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsofthecountry.TheStockyExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavingscanreachthosewhoneedfinance.56.AlmostallcompaniestryingtodevelopnewproductsandcreatingnewjobshavetoA)persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinanceB)relyontheirownfinancialresourcesC)borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandrelativesD)dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinance57.Themoney,whichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojects,isA)raisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompaniesB)repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossibleC)raisedbyputtingintocirculationofthesavingsofindividualoverseasD)investedindifferentcompaniesontheStockExchange58.TheStockExchangemakesitpossibleforthegovernment,localauthoritiesandnationalizedindustriesA)tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoneyB)toborrowasmuchmoneyastheywishC)toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopmentsD)tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothem59.AlltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependareA)runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthoritiesB)inconstantneedoffinancialsupportC)unabletomeettheneedsofthepopulationsD)financedwhollybyratesandtaxes60.WhenthesaverswanttheirmoneybacktheyA)transfertheirmoneytoamoresuccessfulcompanyB)havetoborrowmoneyfromotherpeopleC)puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarketD)gotothecompanytotakeitback

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)和答案：Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.Duringthehourswhenyoulabourthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou're"hot".That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringtheforenoon.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologuesas:"Getup,John!You'llbelateforworkagain!"ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteractyourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorning,butyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupsteamandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequitingmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.61.Ifapersonfindsgettingupearlyaproblem,mostprobably_____.A)heisalazypersonB)herefusestofollowhisownenergycycleC)heisnotsurewhenhisenergyislowD)heisathispeakintheafternoonorevening62.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofamilyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?A)Unawarenessofenergycycles.B)Familiarmonologues.C)Achangeinafamilymember'senergycycle.D)Attemptstocontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.63.Ifonewantstoworkmoreefficientlyathislowpointinthemorning,heshould_____.A)changehisenergycycleB)overcomehislazinessC)getupearlierthanusualD)gotobedearlier64.YouareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwillA)helptokeepyourenergyfortheday'sworkB)helpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyinthedayC)enableyoutoconcentrateonyourroutineworkD)keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?A)Gettingofftoworkwithaminimumefforthelpssaveone'senergy.B)Dr.Kletmanexplainswhypeoplereachtheirpeaksatdifferenthoursofday.C)Habithelpsapersonadapttohisownenergycycle.D)Childrenhaveenergycycles,too.

56.Almostallcompaniestryingtodevelopnewproductsandcreatingnewjobshaveto_____.幾乎所有想要開(kāi)發(fā)新產(chǎn)品和創(chuàng)造新工作崗位的公司都不得不_____.A)persuadethebankstoprovidelong.termfinanceB)relyontheirownfinancialresourcesC)borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandrelativesD)dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinanceA)說(shuō)服銀行提供長(zhǎng)期貸款B)依靠他們自己的財(cái)政資源C)從親戚朋友那里借大筆的錢(qián)D)依靠廣大民眾來(lái)籌款【解析】D。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“developnewproductsandcreatenewjobs”定位到第一段第三句，從朋友及熟人那里籌款的可能性是很小的，而銀行只愿提供短期貸款，不愿提供長(zhǎng)期貸款，所以A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。接下來(lái)的一句提到公司要發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，不得不依靠廣大民眾，從而得出B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故答案是D項(xiàng)。57.Themoney，whichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojects，is____使這些公司能夠繼續(xù)進(jìn)行他們的項(xiàng)目的錢(qián)是_____。A)raisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompaniesB)repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossibleC)raisedbyputtingintocirculationofthesavingsofindividualoverseasD)investedindifferentcompaniesontheStockExchangeA)通過(guò)銷售本公司的股票籌集的B)盡快償還給它原來(lái)的主人C)通過(guò)把海外的個(gè)人存款投入流通而籌集的D)投資到證券交易所上不同的公司【解析】A。細(xì)節(jié)題。此題沒(méi)有明顯的關(guān)鍵詞，但可以根據(jù)題意倒推出，問(wèn)的是所需資金的來(lái)源。文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句提到：公司通過(guò)股票交易所發(fā)行本公司的股票來(lái)籌集資金，所以A項(xiàng)符合題意。此段最后一句“bethathomeandoverseas”說(shuō)明B項(xiàng)只提到一部分overseas，是不全面的。第二段第一句說(shuō)明這些錢(qián)不可能盡快回到當(dāng)初買股票的人手中，而是通過(guò)股票經(jīng)紀(jì)人把他手中的股票賣給正準(zhǔn)備投資的其他股東，故C也不正確。D中的differentcompanies也與文意相反。故A項(xiàng)為答案。58.TheStockExchangemakesitpossibleforthegovernment,localauthoritiesandnationalizedindustries_____證券交易所讓政府、地方機(jī)構(gòu)和國(guó)有企業(yè)可以_____。A)tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoneyB)toborrowasmuchmoneyastheywishC)toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopmentsD)tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothemA)確定每個(gè)人都存錢(qián)B)想借多少錢(qián)都可以C)籌錢(qián)來(lái)投資新的發(fā)展D)確定每個(gè)人都借錢(qián)給他們【解析】C。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“government，localauthoritiesandnationalizedindustries”定位第三段最后一句：“因此，政府、地方機(jī)構(gòu)和國(guó)有企業(yè)常常需要借錢(qián)來(lái)支持重大開(kāi)支，他們也需要去證券交易所?！盇、B、D項(xiàng)都不正確，故選C項(xiàng)。59.Alltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependare_____.我們依賴的所有的重要服務(wù)_______。A)runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthoritiesB)inconstantneedoffinancialsupportC)unabletomeettheneedsofthepopulationsD)financedwhollybyratesandtaxesA)是由政府和我們的地方機(jī)構(gòu)經(jīng)營(yíng)的B)需要持續(xù)的財(cái)政支持C)不能滿足人們的需要D)完全由利率和稅收支持【解析】B。推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“services”定位第三段首句“Manyoftheservicesneededbothbyin.dustyandbyeachofUSareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities”用的是many而不是all，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。第三段第三句的前半句“requirecontinuousspendin9”則證明8項(xiàng)constantneed正確，后半句“requiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone”說(shuō)明D項(xiàng)wholly是錯(cuò)的。原文并未對(duì)C項(xiàng)做出任何說(shuō)明。故選B項(xiàng)。60.Whenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey________當(dāng)股東想要收回資金時(shí)，他們______。A)transfertheirmoneytoamoresuccessfulcompanyB)havetoborrowmoneyfromotherpeopleC)puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarketD)gotothecompanytotakeitbackA)把他們的錢(qián)轉(zhuǎn)移到更成功的公司B)不得不去向其他人借錢(qián)C)把他們持有的公司股票放回市場(chǎng)D)去公司把錢(qián)要回來(lái)【解析】C.推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“saverswanttheirmoneyback”定位到文章第二段，可知當(dāng)股東需要收回投資時(shí)，不是到公司要錢(qián)，而是把股票放回市場(chǎng)，通過(guò)股票經(jīng)紀(jì)人把它賣掉。A、B、D項(xiàng)為混淆項(xiàng)，所以答案選C。61.Ifapersonfindsgettingupearlyaproblem,mostprobably______.如果一個(gè)人覺(jué)得早起很難，很有可能_______。A)heisalazypersonB)herefusestofollowhisownenergycycleC)heisnotsurewhenhisenergyislowD)heisathispeakintheafternoonoreveningA)他是個(gè)懶惰的家伙B)他不愿遵循自己的能量周期C)他不清楚自己什么時(shí)候能量低D)他的高峰在下午或晚上【解析】D。推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段可以看出早晨起不來(lái)與一個(gè)人每天的能量周期有關(guān)。根據(jù)文章第二段中John的自言自語(yǔ)，以及緊接著的解釋“Johnisathistemperature—and-energypeakintheevening”推理，如果一個(gè)人早上不能早起，這個(gè)人的能量高峰就很可能在下午或晚上。因此選項(xiàng)D是正確答案。62.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofamilyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?根據(jù)本文，下面哪種情形會(huì)導(dǎo)致家庭爭(zhēng)端?A)UnawarenessofenergycyclesB)Familiarmonologues.C)Achangeinafamilymember'senergycycle.D)Attemptstocontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.A)沒(méi)有意識(shí)到能量周期的存在。B)熟悉的自言自語(yǔ)。C)一名家庭成員改變了他的能量周期。D)企圖控制其他家庭成員的能量周期?！窘馕觥緼。推理題。第二段的最后一句是“如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么回事，了解每個(gè)家庭成員有什么樣的周期，很多家庭爭(zhēng)吵就會(huì)停止。選項(xiàng)A是正確答案。63.Ifonewantstoworkmoreefficientlyathislowpointinthemornin9，heshould____.如果一個(gè)人想在早晨能量低的時(shí)候更有效率地工作，他應(yīng)該____。A)changehisenergycycleB)overcomehislazinessC