新教材2024版高中英語(yǔ)課時(shí)作業(yè)5Unit8LiteraturePartATopicTalk北師大版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)_第1頁(yè)
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課時(shí)作業(yè)(五)Unit8PartATopicTalkⅠ.閱讀理解ASoda(蘇打汽水),whilesweetandinexpensive,maynotbeworthdrinking.Sugarydrinkscanhavemanybadhealtheffects,includinga26%greaterriskofdiabetes(糖尿病)forregularsodadrinkers.Andmendrinkingonecanofsugarydrinksperdayhavea20%higherriskofhavingordyingfromaheartattackthanthosewhorarelydrinkthem.Thehealtheffectsofdrinkingsodaalsoaffectpre-schoolchildren,heighteningtheirchancesofbecomingobeseataveryyoungage.AccordingtoHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth,oneinthreechildreninAmericaareobeseoroverweight,andchildhoodobesityhastripled(增至三倍)inthelast30years.Shouldgovernmentgetpeopletoreducetheirdrinkingofsodaandsugarydrinksduetohealtheffects?PeopleinSanFranciscoweregiventheopportunitytovoicetheiropiniononPropositionE,whichsuggestedasodatax(稅).Thetax,whichneededtopasswithatwo-thirdsmajority,wouldhaveprovidedmoneyforhealthandphysicaleducationprograms,andthehopewasthatitwouldalsodiscouragecitizensfrombuyingunhealthydrinks.AlthoughSanFrancisco'sPropositionEfailedtobepassed,Berkeleycitizenssucceededinpassingthenation'sfirsteversugarydrinktaxontheirsimilarMeasureD.Peoplewhowereforthetaxhopedthatthepriceofsugarydrinkswoulddiscouragepeoplefrombuyingthem.Mexicorecentlyintroducedataxondrinks,which,thoughnotwellreceivedbythepublic,wassuccessfulinreducingtheamountofsodabought.Afterthetaxwasputintoeffect,Mexico'sbiggestsodaproductioncompany'ssalesdroppedby6.4%.Peoplewhowereagainstthetaxwereconcernedabouttheirrighttobuywhateverdrinkstheywanted,withoutanyadditionaltaxes.Thosewhoalsodisagreedwerethemarket,thebar,andsodaindustries,whichwouldpossiblylosemoneyfromreducedsalesofthesedrinksbecauseoftheaddedcost.AndalthoughthePropositionEtaxmoneywassupposedtogotocity-op-eratedprograms,somecitizensweredoubtfulabouthowwellthisplanwouldhavebeencarriedout.1.HarvardSchoolofPublicHealthfoundthatinAmerica________.A.sodadrinkersdoubledinrecent30yearsB.26%ofchildrenaresufferingfromdiabetesC.thenumberofobesechildrenhasincreasedgreatlyD.youngsodadrinkersoftensufferfromheartattacks2.WhatdoweknowaboutPropositionE?A.SanFranciscocitizensacceptedit.B.ItwaspassedsuccessfullyinBerkeley.C.Itaimedtoreducethesalesofsugarydrinks.D.Itwasmeanttoraisemoneyforpoorchildren.3.Accordingtothetext,thetaxinMexico________.A.helpedpreventpeoplebuyingsugarydrinksB.greatlyreducedtheproductionofsodadrinksC.receivedawarmwelcomefromthelocalcitizensD.forcedmanysodaproductioncompaniestoclosedown4.Thosewhowereagainstthetaxworriedthatitmight________.A.notbecarriedoutsmoothlyB.a(chǎn)ffecttheirrightsandinterestsC.failtoachievetheexpectedgoalD.donogoodtosocietyortheeconomyBEverybody,atsomepointinhisorherlife,hasexperiencedsetbacks.Itcouldbesomethingassimpleasnotgettingthejobyouwanted,orgettinglowermarksevenafterhardwork.Howyougetbackupafterbeinghitmakesyousuccessful.Once,ayoungschoolboywascaughtinafireaccidentinhisschoolandwasassumedthathewouldnotlive.Hismotherwastoldthathewassuretodie,fortheterriblefirehaddestroyedthelowerhalfofhisbody.Evenifheweretosurvive,hewouldbelamethroughouthislife.Butthebraveboydidnotwanttodienordidhewanttobelame.Muchtotheamazementofthedoctor,hedidsurvive.Butunfortunatelyfromhiswaistdown,hehadnomotorability.Histhinlegsjusthungthere,lifeless.Eventuallyheleftthehospital.Buthisdeterminationtowalkwasunshakable.Athome,whenhewasnotinbed,hehadtostayinawheelchair.Oneday,hethrewhimselffromthechairandpulledhimselfacrossthegrass,dragginghislegsbehindhim.Hereachedthefence,raisedhimselfupandthenbegandragginghimselfalongthefence,firmlydetermined.Hedidthiseveryday,withfaithinhimselfthathewouldbeabletowalkunaided.Withhisirondetermination,hediddeveloptheabilitytostandup,thentowalkonandoff,thentowalkbyhimselfandthentorun.Hebegantowalktoschool,andthenrantoschool,andthenranforthejoyofrunning.Laterincollegehewasinthetrackteam.InFebruary1934,inNewYorkCity'sMadisonSquareGarden,thisyoungmanwhowasnotexpectedtosurvive,whowouldsurelyneverwalk,whocouldneverhopetorun—thisdeterminedyoungman,Dr.GlennCunningham,rantheworld'sfastestmile.Agoodexampleofthepowerofpositivethinkingandfaithinoneself,GlennCunninghamcontinuestobeaninspiration(鼓舞人心的人)formany,andhisstoryisbrilliantevidencetoshowhowonecanbouncebackevenwhenalldifficultiesarepiledonone,tothedegreethatdeathseemsthepreferableoption.5.Whatwasthedoctor'sopinionaboutGlenn?A.Glennwasabletowalkwithhisowngreateffort.B.TherewasaslimchancethatGlenncouldsurvive.C.GreatdeterminationcouldmakeadifferencetoGlenn.D.Glenncouldliveanormallifewiththeupperhalfofhisbody.6.WhatdoweknowaboutGlenn?A.Glennpracticedwalkinginhospital.B.Glennwonfirstplaceinthemarathon.C.Glennorganizedatrackteamincollege.D.Glenninspirespeoplewithhismovingstory.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.StrengthenDeterminationB.StandupafterFailureC.GoafterDreamsD.FaceDifficultyBravelyⅡ.完形填空At13,Ireadamagazinefilledwithallsortsofeasytipstogogreen.Istarteddoingthat__1__.Imean,itiskindofabigdealconsideringEarthdoesn'thaveanunlimited__2__offreshwater.Myparentswerealso__3__forrecyclingandreusing,sowebecametheoneswho__4__rejectedcontainersandusedthemfor__5__,andtheoneswhocarriedourownbagstothegrocerystoreandourown__6__tothecoffeeshop.Later,Itriedtoletmy__7__flagfly!Ieithercalledouttowhoeverlitteredinpublicorcollectedmagazinesfrommyfriendsto__8__.Thenthestrangestthinghappened:peoplestarted__9__me.Onebyone,myfriendsbegantoturnoffthelights,buyrecyclednotebooks,and__10__paperbackintotheprintertomakeuseoftheother__11__.It'snotthattheywereso__12__abouttheenvironment,buttheyweredrawntomyconfidence.I'mwildaboutenvironmentalprotectionandwouldstand__13__,saying,“Yeah,thisiswhatI'minto.”__14__othersdon'tshareyourenthusiasm,theywillenvyyourconfidenceandwanttobelikeyou,andthatmeans__15__yourexample.1.A.attimes B.rightawayC.a(chǎn)fterall D.a(chǎn)tlast2.A.amount B.controlC.use D.flow3.A.famous B.sorryC.eager D.suitable4.A.washedout B.tookawayC.gaveout D.threwaway5.A.collection B.showC.storage D.decoration6.A.drinks B.booksC.coins D.cups7.A.noble B.highC.a(chǎn)mbitious D.green8.A.recycle B.processC.resell D.donate9.A.serving B.copyingC.observing D.reminding10.A.pay B.takeC.feed D.turn11.A.sheet B.partC.version D.side12.A.curious B.concernedC.optimistic D.serious13.A.proudly B.politelyC.calmly D.patiently14.A.Nowthat B.EvenifC.Unless D.Before15.A.setting B.makingC.giving D.Following課時(shí)作業(yè)(五)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。飲用碳酸飲料對(duì)健康有許多不利的影響,政府是否應(yīng)當(dāng)向碳酸飲料征稅呢?1.答案與解析:C'微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“oneinthreechildreninAmericaare...inthelast30years”可知,哈佛公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院發(fā)覺美國(guó)有三分之一的兒童肥胖或超重,而在過(guò)去的三十年中,肥胖兒童的數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)了三倍。2.答案與解析:C'推理推斷題。由其次段中的“thehopewasthatitwouldalsodiscouragecitizensfrombuyingunhealthydrinks”可知,對(duì)碳酸飲料征稅,其目的是為了勸人們不要購(gòu)買不健康的飲料。3.答案與解析:A'微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)其次段中的“wassuccessfulinreducingtheamountofsodabought...salesdroppedby6.4%”可知,墨西哥實(shí)施的飲料稅收勝利降低了碳酸飲料的銷量。4.答案與解析:B'推理推斷題。由最終一段中的“wereconcernedabouttheirrighttobuywhateverdrinks...additionaltaxes”和“whichwouldpossiblylosemoneyfromreducedsalesofthesedrinksbecauseoftheaddedcost”可知,反對(duì)征稅的人士擔(dān)憂稅收會(huì)損害他們的權(quán)力和利益。B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過(guò)講解并描述GlennCunningham在火災(zāi)中受了重傷后堅(jiān)韌幸存下來(lái),并用自己的意志力克服困難,努力訓(xùn)練雙腿,最終成為一名優(yōu)秀的田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)員的事跡,告知我們:想要?jiǎng)倮?,你要在被打擊后重新站起?lái)。5.答案與解析:B'考查推理推斷。依據(jù)其次段中的“Hismotherwastoldthathewassuretodie”和第三段中的“Muchtotheamazementofthedoctor,hedidsurvive”可知,醫(yī)生認(rèn)為Glenn幸存的可能性很小。故選B。6.答案與解析:D'考查推理推斷。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Agoodexampleofthepowerofpositivethinkingandfaithinoneself,GlennCunninghamcontinuestobeaninspiration(鼓舞人心的人)formany”可知,Glenn以他感人的故事激勵(lì)著人們。故選D。7.答案與解析:B'考查主旨大意。通讀全文并依據(jù)第一段最終一句可知,想要?jiǎng)倮阋诒淮驌艉笾匦抡酒饋?lái)。故本文最佳標(biāo)題是B項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.完形填空【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了作者熱衷環(huán)保的健康生活。1.答案與解析:B'依據(jù)下文“Imean,itiskindofabigdealconsideringEarthdoesn'thaveanunlimited__2__offre

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