2022年四川達(dá)州市高一下學(xué)期期末監(jiān)測英語試題

達(dá)州市2022年普通高中一年級春季期末監(jiān)測英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆填寫在答題卡上,將條形碼貼在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆將答案標(biāo)號填涂在答題卡上對應(yīng)題目標(biāo)號的位置上,非選擇題用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆書寫在答題卡的對應(yīng)框內(nèi),超出答題區(qū)書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上的答案無效。3.本試卷滿分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘,考試結(jié)束后,將答題卡收回。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分,滿分30分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABullRunRegionalParkThusfamily-friendlyparkisaround30milesfromtheDistrict.BullRunisahistoryfan'sdelight：Itprovidesaccesstothenearly20-mileOccoquanTrail,whichwasusedduringthewar.Thetrailisoneofmanyhikingoptionsonthe1,500-acregrounds.Eachcabin($85to$95pernight)accommodatessixpeopleandofferssuchluxuries（奢華）aselectricity,heatandswing.SavageRiverLodgeSavageRiverLodge-aboutthreehourdrivefromtheDistrict--specializesinasolidroofandasideofluxury.SavageRiverissurroundedbymorethan700acresofthickforest,andpopularactivitiesincludefly-fishing.biking,hikingandcross-countryskiing.Cabinsstartat$250pernight.CherryHillParkGivenitsproximity(鄰近)totheDistrict,thisfamily-ownedcampgroundisparticularlyappealingtovisitorswhoaretravelingtotheareaviarecreationalvehicle.Italsooffersbusestothesubwayandorganizessightseeingtoursaswellasdailyeducationalsessions.Guestscanplayminigolf,gofishing,orhitthebasketballcourt.Cabinsstartat$99pernight.MapleTreeCampgroundMapleTreeCampgroundisabouta90-minutedrivefromtheDistrict.Cometothiscampgroundfornature'seveningshow:Italwayshasreallyprettysunsets.Whilethere'snoelectricity,guestscanuseawoodstoveforheatandcooking.Fieldtentsitesstartat$8pernightandtreecottages$65pernight1What'stheminimumcostforagroupof10tostayatBullRunRegionalParkforonenight?A.$85. B.$95C.$170 D.$8502.Whichtourspotissuitableforpeopletravelingbypublictransport?A.CherryHillPark. B.SavageRiverLodge.C.BullRunRegionalPark. D.MapleTreeCampground.3.Thepassagemostprobablyappealstothosewhoare.A.planningabusinesstrip B.seekingaweekendgetawayC.fondofonlineshopping D.interestedingeographystudy【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。主要介紹了四個度假的旅游景點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BullRunRegionalPark”部分中的“Eachcabin($85to$95pernight)accommodatessixpeople...”可知，每間客房（小屋）每晚85至95美元不等，可容納6人。那么一個10人團(tuán)，要用兩間，即至少85X2=170美元。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CherryHillPark部分中的“Givenitsproximity(鄰近)totheDistrict,thisfamily-ownedcampgroundisparticularlyappealingtovisitorswhoaretravelingtotheareaviarecreationalvehicle.Italsooffersbusestothesubwayand...”對于其鄰近地區(qū)，這個家庭營地特別吸引那些通過休閑娛樂車前往該地區(qū)的游客。它還提供通往地鐵的巴士，...。由此可知，CherryHillPark旅游點(diǎn)適合乘坐公共交通工具的人，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了四個有關(guān)旅游景點(diǎn)的情況。因此本文主要是吸引旅游或度假的人。分析選項(xiàng)：A.planningabusinesstrip計(jì)劃出差的人；B.seekingaweekendgetaway周末外出度假的人；C.fondofonlineshopping喜歡網(wǎng)上購物的人；D.interestedingeographystudy對地理學(xué)習(xí)感興趣的人?？芍珺項(xiàng)（周末尋找度假的人）符合題意，故選B。【點(diǎn)睛】新聞廣告類材料是高考的熱門考題。其文句簡練，信息量大，句式使用簡單，表達(dá)方式多樣，但閱讀這類題目也是有規(guī)律可循的。此類文章主要考查學(xué)生提取信息和處理信息的能力。既注重特定細(xì)節(jié)的篩選、類比、綜合，又注重推理判斷題的考查。此類文章多是細(xì)節(jié)理解題。細(xì)節(jié)題的破解一般采用尋讀法，即先看試題，再讀文章。對有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位，再將相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行整合、甄別、分析、對比，有根有據(jù)地排除干擾項(xiàng)，選出正確答案。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率，節(jié)省了寶貴的時(shí)間。如第1小題根據(jù)題干“What'stheminimumcostforagroupof10tostayatBullRunRegionalParkforonenight?”定位于“BullRunRegionalPark”部分中的“Eachcabin($85to$95pernight)accommodatessixpeople...”可知，每間客房（小屋）每晚85至95美元不等，可容納6人。那么一個10人團(tuán)，要用兩間，即至少85X2=170美元。故選C。BMichaelShiraziisa67-year-oldAmericanwhohasbeenfeedingmorethan150homelesscatsinShanghaiforthepasteightyears.Everynight,heleaveshishomeat11:00pmandtakes20kilosofcatfoodtothestreetfeedingthehomelesscats.Soheiscalledbypeople"thekingofhomelesscats".Eightyearsago,MichaelcametoShanghaiforhisfamily'sbusiness.Atthattime,hewasasuccessfulbusinessman.UntilonedayafterlivinginShanghaiforayear,ahomelesscathenamed"shorttail"cameintohislife.Hestillremembersthenightwhenhesaw"shorttail"andthewayitsearchedforfoodinthegarbagecanforherandhernewbornbabies.Hehadpityon"shorttail"andbroughtitfoodandwater.Sincethen,hehasbeenfeedingmoreandmorehomelesscats.Heevenshutdownhiscompanyandclosedhisfamilybusinessbecauseofit.ThesehomelesscatshavebroughtmanyhappymomentstoMichael.Everytimetheyseehim,theyjumpwithexcitementandkisshim.Butunfortunately,hiswifelefthimbecausehenolongermanagedhisfamilybusinessandspentnearly10,000yuanamonthoncatfood.ThoughallthethingshappenedtoMichael,hestillleaveshishomeontimeeverynight.Michaelsaid:"Myexperiencemakesmefeelthatpeoplearemadeoflove.Wemustreturnourlovetotheworldsothatwecanfindourinner(內(nèi)心的)peace."Thisisthehappinesshegetseverynightwhenhe'sonhiswaytofeedingfood:feelinglovedandneeded.4.WhydopeoplecallMichael"thekingofhomelesscats"?______A.Heplayswithhomelesscats. B.Heraiseshomelesscatsathome.C.Hetakesphotosofhomelesscats. D.Hegivesfoodtohomelesscats.5.WhendidMichaelstartfeedinghomelesscats?______A.BeforehecametoShanghai. B.Aftermeeting"shorttail".C.Whenhewas62yearsold. D.Afterclosinghisfamilybusiness.6.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?______A.HomelesscatsloveandtrustMichael. B.Michael'swifestronglysupportedhim.C.Michaelmademoneybysellingcatfood. D.Thefeedingwillnevercontinueanymore.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMichael?______AKindandgenerous. B.Ordinaryandshy.C.Helpfulandcalm. D.Brilliantandserious.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要向我們講述了MichaelShirazi一直努力喂養(yǎng)流浪貓，幫助流浪貓。說明了他開始喂養(yǎng)流浪貓的起因，以及他在喂流浪貓的過程中的感悟?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Everynight,heleaveshishomeat11:00pmandtakes20kilosofcatfoodtothestreetfeedingthehomelesscats.Soheiscalledbypeople"thekingofhomelesscats".(每天晚上11點(diǎn)，他都會離開家，帶著20公斤的貓食到街上去喂那些無家可歸的貓。所以他被人們稱為“流浪貓之王”)可知人們稱邁克爾為“流浪貓之王”是因?yàn)樗o無家可歸的貓食物。故選D。5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Hehadpityon"shorttail"andbroughtitfoodandwater.Sincethen,hehasbeenfeedingmoreandmorehomelesscats.(他很同情“短尾巴”，給它帶來了食物和水。從那時(shí)起，他開始喂養(yǎng)越來越多的流浪貓)可知邁克爾在遇到“短尾巴”之后開始喂流浪貓的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Everytimetheyseehim,theyjumpwithexcitementandkisshim.(每次它們看到他，它們興奮地跳起來吻他)可推知無家可歸的貓愛并且信任邁克爾。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Everynight,heleaveshishomeat11:00pmandtakes20kilosofcatfoodtothestreetfeedingthehomelesscats.(每天晚上11點(diǎn)，他都會離開家，帶著20公斤的貓食到街上去喂那些無家可歸的貓)可知Michael每天喂養(yǎng)流浪貓，可知Michael是一個樂于助人的人；以及最后一段中…Wemustreturnourlovetotheworldsothatwecanfindourinnerpeace."Thisisthehappinesshegetseverynightwhenhe'sonhiswaytofeedingfood:feelinglovedandneeded.(……我們必須把愛還給世界，這樣我們才能找到內(nèi)心的平靜。”這是他每天晚上去喂食物時(shí)所得到的快樂：被愛和被需要)可知Michael在流浪貓時(shí)感到平靜。綜上，故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】隱含意義推理判斷題。這類題的題干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/belikelyto等標(biāo)志性詞語。解決這類問題時(shí)要理解文章潛在的含義和作者所給的提示。同時(shí)，要對文章的含義和作者的暗示作出合理的猜測和推斷。如第三小題，根據(jù)第三段中Everytimetheyseehim,theyjumpwithexcitementandkisshim.(每次他們看到他，他們興奮地跳起來吻他)可推知無家可歸的貓愛并信任邁克爾。故選A。CTheBritishareknownfortheirsenseofhumor.However,itisoftendifficultforforeignerstounderstandtheirjokes.ThemainpointtorememberisthattheBritishoftenuseunderstatement.Understatementmeanssayinglessthanyouthinkorfeel.Forexample,ifsomeonegetsverywetinshowerofrain,hemightsay,“It’salittledamp(潮濕的)outside”.Or,ifsomeoneisveryimpoliteandshoutsatanotherperson,someoneelsemightsay,“Sheisn’texactlyfriendly”.Understatementisoftenusedinunpleasantsituationortomakeanotherpersonlooksilly.UnderstatementplaysanimportantpartinBritishhumor.AnotherkeytounderstandingBritishhumoristhattheBritishliketomakefunofthemselvesaswellasothers.Theyoftenlaughaboutthesillyandunpleasantthingsthathappentooureverydaylife.Theyalsoliketomakejokesaboutpeoplefromdifferentclassesofsociety.What’smore,theBritishlovetowatchcomediesaboutpeoplewhodonotknowhowtobehaveinsociety.ThecomedyseriesMr.Beanisagoodexampleofthiskindofhumor.Mr.Beandoesn’ttalkoften.Instead,heuseshisbodymovementsandfacialexpressionstomakepeoplelaugh.PerhapswhatmakesMr.Beansofunnyisthathedoesthingsthatadultsintherealworldcannotdo.Mr.BeanispopularinmanycountriesaroundtheworldbecauseyoudonothavetospeakEnglishtounderstandthehumor.Becauseofthis,manypeoplehavebecomefamiliarwiththeBritishsenseofhumor.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.TheBritisharefamousfortheirsenseofhumor.B.TheBritishareusuallyusedtoenlargingthefact.C.Understatementisoftenusedinpleasantsituation.D.TheBritishliketoplayjokesonothersinsteadofthemselves.9.Howdoestheauthorexplainunderstatement?A.Byusingexamples B.BymakingcomparisonsC.Byfollowingtimeorder D.Bydescribingaprocess10.Mr.Beanispopularinnon-Englishspeakingcountriesbecause________.A.hemakesfunofothersB.hedoesn’ttalktoomuchC.hecopiesothers’expressionsD.hedoeswhatotherswillneverdo11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BritishhumorinComedyB.HumorindifferentculturesC.UnderstandingBritishHumorD.DevelopingYourSenseofHumor【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文，文章作者以影片《憨豆先生》為例，介紹了英式幽默的特點(diǎn)以及理解英國人的幽默的兩個關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“TheBritishareknownfortheirsenseofhumor.(英國人以其幽默感而聞名。)”可知，從文章可知，英國人因?yàn)樗麄兊挠哪卸?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第二段首句“Understatementmeanssayinglessthanyouthinkorfeel.(保守的說法意味著說的比你想的要少。)”提出英國人的輕描淡寫，接下來舉了兩個例子“Forexample,ifsomeonegetsverywetinashowerofrain,hemightsay,“It’salittledampoutside.”O(jiān)r,ifsomeoneisveryimpoliteandshoutsatanotherperson,someoneelsemightsay,“Sheisn’texactlyfriendly.”(“例如，如果有人在雨中淋得很濕，他可能會說，“外面有點(diǎn)潮濕?！被蛘撸绻粋€人很不禮貌，對另一個人大喊大叫，別人可能會說，“她不太友好?！?”。因此可以推斷，作者是通過舉例說明英國人的輕描淡寫的。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Mr.Beandoesn’ttalkoften.Instead,heuseshisbodymovementsandfacialexpressionstomakepeoplelaugh.Mr.BeanispopularinmanycountriesaroundtheworldbecauseyoudonothavetospeakEnglishtounderstandthehumor.(憨豆先生不常說話。相反，他會用自己的身體動作和面部表情來逗人發(fā)笑。憨豆先生在世界上許多國家都很受歡迎，因?yàn)槟悴槐卣f英語來理解幽默。)”可知，憨豆先生不是通過說話，而是通過他的肢體動作和面部表情讓人們發(fā)笑，人們不必使用英語來理解這些幽默，因此在其他國家很受歡迎。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段最后一句提到“ThemainpointtorememberisthattheBritishoftenuseunderstatement.(需要記住的主要一點(diǎn)是，英國人經(jīng)常使用輕描淡寫的說法。)”第三段中提到“AnotherkeytounderstandingBritishhumoristhattheBritishliketomakefunofthemselvesaswellasothers.(理解英式幽默的另一個關(guān)鍵是，英國人喜歡拿自己和別人開玩笑。)”可知，文章介紹了理解英國人的幽默的兩個關(guān)鍵。因此文章標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“理解英國人的幽默”。故選C項(xiàng)。DPhysicaleducation,orPE,isn’trequiredforallhighschoolstudents.Insomeschools,itisn’tofferedfordifferentreasons.Butshouldhighschoolstudentsreceivephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“Yes.”Todaymanypeopledon’tdosports.Butasisknowntoall,doingsportsisveryimportantforanadult.Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysthat10millionkidsandteenssufferfrombeingfat.Theincreaseinactivitiesthatdon’tgetteenstomovearound,suchascomputergames,meansmanyteensdon’tgettheirrequiredexercise.PEclassesactasapublichealthmeasuretoencouragephysicalactivitiesandhelpteenshavehealthyweights.Notdoingsportsincreasesteens’riskofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.Asmuchas75percentofhealth-carespendinggoestowardtreatingmedicalconditionsthatcanbehinderedbylifestylechanges,accordingtotheAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicine.AccordingtothePresident’sCouncilonFitness,SportsandNutrition(PCFSN),studentswhoperformedfivehoursofphysicalactivityeachweekimprovedtheiracademicperformance.Studentsfromprogramswithnophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimeforclassroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogaveupsomestudytimeinsupportofphysicaleducation.12.What’sthemeaningofphysicaleducationinhighschoolaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Helpingteenslearntomakegoodplans.B.Removingthestressfacedbyteensatschool.C.Gettingteenstoencourageadultstoexercise.D.Makingteensattachimportancetoexerciselater.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hindered”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Measured B.Prevented C.Shown D.Caused14.What’sthePCFSN’sviewaboutdoingsports?A.Ithelpsteenshavehealthyweights.B.Itisgoodforstudentstomakeuseoftheirtime.C.Ithelpsstudentsdobetterintheiracademicperformance.D.Itletsstudentskeepabalancebetweenstudiesandexercises.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Howhighschoolstudentscanliveabetterlife.B.Howschoolscanhelpstudentslovedoingsports.C.Whyhighschoolstudentsshouldreceivephysicaleducation.D.Whysomeschoolsconsiderphysicaleducationveryimportant.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了高中生為什么應(yīng)該接受體育教育?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.(現(xiàn)在，教育青少年健康生活方式的重要性并制定健身計(jì)劃可以幫助青少年作為成年人時(shí)將鍛煉放在首位)”可知，高中體育教育意味著讓青少年在之后重視鍛煉。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Notdoingsportsincreasesteens’riskofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.Asmuchas75percentofhealth-carespendinggoestowardtreatingmedicalconditionsthatcanbehinderedbylifestylechanges,accordingtotheAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicine.(不運(yùn)動會增加青少年患多種疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。積極的生活方式為預(yù)防這些健康問題提供了好方法。據(jù)美國運(yùn)動醫(yī)學(xué)院稱，高達(dá)75%的醫(yī)療支出用于治療可能被生活方式改變hindered的疾病)”可知，不運(yùn)動會增加患病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，積極的生活方式可以預(yù)防疾病，所以生活方式的改變可能阻止疾病發(fā)生，推測劃線單詞表示“阻止”，與prevented(阻止)同義。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“AccordingtothePresident’sCouncilonFitness,SportsandNutrition(PCFSN),studentswhoperformedfivehoursofphysicalactivityeachweekimprovedtheiracademicperformance.(根據(jù)總統(tǒng)健身、運(yùn)動和營養(yǎng)委員會（PCFSN），每周進(jìn)行五小時(shí)體育鍛煉的學(xué)生提高了他們的學(xué)業(yè)成績)”可知，根據(jù)PCFSN，做運(yùn)動有助于學(xué)生在學(xué)業(yè)上做得更好。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Butshouldhighschoolstudentsreceivephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“Yes.”(但是高中生應(yīng)該接受體育教育嗎？答案當(dāng)然是“是的”)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了高中生為什么應(yīng)該接受體育教育。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoFallAsleepFallingasleepisn’talwaysassimpleasplacingyourheadonapillowandshuttingyoureyes.___16___.Gettingcomfortablemayseemimpossible.Fortunatelytherearesomewaystofallasleepquicklyandimproveyoursleepquality.TrytotakedeepbreathsBreathingexercisescanhelpyourelax.Takeinalong,slowbreaththroughyournose.Byslowingyourbreathing,youcanhelpregulateyourheartrateandgetyourwholebodyreadyforsleep.____17____.ManagelightBrightlightaftersunsettellsyourbrainthatthesuniscomingbackup,whichcanpreventitfromreleasinghormonesthathelpyoufallasleep.___18___.Additionally,ifyouhavetolookatyourphoneorcomputer,lowerthebrightness.____19____.Keepyourroomcool,clean,dark,andquiet.Sleepinginauncomfortableareaisnotagoodorrelaxingwaytosleep,sogetairregulationthroughouttheroom,cleanyourroomandchangeyoursheetsregularly.Followahealthysleeproutine____20____.Ifyougotobedatdifferenttimeseveryday,yourbodywon'tknowwhenit’ssupposedtofallasleep.Trainyourselftofallasleepbyfollowingasetroutineandpracticinghealthysleephabits.A.KeepyourroomcleanandtidyB.CreateacomfortableenvironmentC.Youcan’tfallasleepwithbrightlightoverheadD.SoturnoffbrightoverheadlightsanduselampsinsteadE.Sticktoaroutinesoyourbodyknowswhenit’stimetosleepF.ThoughtsandworriesmightracetheirwaythroughyourmindG.Infact,takingdeepbreathshelpsyoufallasleepfasterandsleepmoresoundly【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.B20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要向讀者推薦一些提高睡眠質(zhì)量的方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Fallingasleepisn’talwaysassimpleasplacingyourheadonapillowandshuttingyoureyes.（入睡并不總是像把頭放在枕頭上然后閉上眼睛那么簡單）”以及后文“Gettingcomfortablemayseemimpossible（讓自己感到舒適似乎是不可能的）”可知，此處在講解入睡并不容易，所以空處應(yīng)是不容易的原因，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Thoughtsandworriesmightracetheirwaythroughyourmind（想法和擔(dān)憂可能會在你的腦海中飛快地閃過）”符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Trytotakedeepbreaths（試著深呼吸）”可知本段主要講述了深呼吸對提高睡眠質(zhì)量的好處，空位于段尾，是對本段的總結(jié)，所以G項(xiàng)“Infact,takingdeepbreathshelpsyoufallasleepfasterandsleepmoresoundly（事實(shí)上，深呼吸可以幫助你更快、睡得更香）”符合語境，deepbreaths為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Managelight（管理光）”以及前句“Brightlightaftersunsettellsyourbrainthatthesuniscomingbackup,whichcanpreventitfromreleasinghormonesthathelpyoufallasleep（日落后明亮的光線告訴你的大腦，太陽又要升起來了，這會阻止大腦釋放幫助你入睡的激素）”可知，D項(xiàng)“Soturnoffbrightoverheadlightsanduselampsinstead（所以關(guān)掉明亮的頂燈，用燈代替）”與前句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，符合語境，并切合本段小標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】分析可知，空處是本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Keepyourroomcool,clean,dark,andquiet.Sleepinginauncomfortableareaisnotagoodorrelaxingwaytosleep,sogetairregulationthroughouttheroom,cleanyourroomandchangeyoursheetsregularly.（保持你的房間涼爽、干凈、黑暗和安靜。睡在不舒服的地方不是一個好的或放松的睡眠方式，所以調(diào)節(jié)整個房間的空氣，定期打掃你的房間，更換你的床單）”可知，本段是在講述舒服的環(huán)境對睡眠的影響，所以B項(xiàng)“Createacomfortableenvironment（創(chuàng)造一個舒適的環(huán)境）”符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Followahealthysleeproutine（保持健康的睡眠習(xí)慣）”可知，本段主要講述保持健康的睡眠習(xí)慣對睡眠的影響，所以E項(xiàng)“Sticktoaroutinesoyourbodyknowswhenit'stimetosleep（堅(jiān)持固定的作息時(shí)間，這樣你的身體就會知道什么時(shí)候該睡覺了）”符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分,滿分30分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Catherineissixyearsold.Thislittlegirlisdrivenbyamissiontohelpotherswhoareless___21___.“Iwantedtogivesomethingtothe___22___.”Catherineexplained.

Catherinemightnothavehad___23___likesomefiguresinmovies,butshedidn’tletthat___24___her.Turninginsteadtomorepracticalmagicandthe___25___ofherparents,Catherinefilledand___26___morethan500carepackagescontainingfoodandsome___27___essentialstodowntownSt.Louis’shomelesspeople,aswellas___28___about250mealstoon-dutyworkers.

ButCatherinewasn’t___29___tosimplydonategoods.Itwasimportantforhertomakea___30___withthepeopleshewastryingtohelp.After___31___eachpackageherself,Catherinedrewapictureand___32___apersonalmessageoneachonetocreatethekindofhumanconnectionthatmanyofthehomeless___33___lack.

“Itmakesmereally___34___becausethissmallchildwhoisenteringfirstgradehassuchabigheart.”hermothersaid.“Shewantsto___35___.Shewantstohelpothers.”

Catherinehasalready___36___alotbyanyone’sstandards,butshethinksshe’sonlyjustgettingstarted.She’s___37___holdingaThanksgivinghot-foodprojectforthehomelessandalsohopestostartaChristmastoyfundforkids___38___.

“Iwantto___39___morepeopletodogoodthings,”Catherinesaid.

Outofthemouthofthechild,comesnotonlywisdom,but___40___aswell.21.A.familiar B.generous C.energetic D.fortunate22.A.homeless B.disabled C.rich D.old23.A.credit B.contribution C.magic D.deadline24.A.touch B.disturb C.stop D.disappoint25.A.rule B.help C.confidence D.quality26.A.lent B.sold C.kept D.delivered27.A.expensive B.rare C.basic D.unique28.A.handingout B.tryingout C.puttingout D.workingout29.A.foolish B.confident C.active D.satisfied30.A.mistake B.link C.cake D.decision31.A.checking B.measuring C.filling D.decorating32.A.based B.wrote C.downloaded D.threw33.A.extremely B.suitably C.slightly D.secretly34.A.natural B.proud C.worried D.special35.A.work B.read C.smile D.give36.A.achieved B.invented C.wrote D.understood37.A.gettingtiredof B.watchingoutfor C.lookingforwardto D.catchingsightof38.A.insilence B.inneed C.indanger D.incomfort39.A.intend B.permit C.ask D.inspire40.A.kindness B.agreement C.happiness D.disappointment【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.C25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.B31.C32.B33.A34.B35.D36.A37.C38.B39.D40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了六歲的小女孩凱瑟琳幫助無家可歸的人的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個小女孩的使命是幫助其他不太幸運(yùn)的人。A.familiar熟悉的；B.generous慷慨的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.fortunate幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)下文“Catherinefilledand___6___morethan500carepackagescontainingfoodandsome___7___essentialstodowntownSt.Louis’shomelesspeople,aswellas___8___about250mealstoon-dutyworkers.”可知，此處表示小女孩要去幫助不太幸運(yùn)的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想給無家可歸的人一些東西。A.homeless無家可歸的；B.disabled殘疾的；C.rich富的；D.old老的。根據(jù)下文“Catherinefilledand___6___morethan500carepackagescontainingfoodandsome___7___essentialstodowntownSt.Louis’shomelesspeople”可知，此處表示凱瑟琳想給無家可歸的人一些東西。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：凱瑟琳可能不像電影中的某些人物那樣有魔法，但她并沒有讓那阻止她。A.credit信用；B.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；C.magic魔法；D.deadline截止日期。根據(jù)下文“Turninginsteadtomorepracticalmagicandthe___5___ofherparents”可知，此處表示凱瑟琳不像電影人物一樣有魔法。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：凱瑟琳可能不像電影中的某些人物那樣有魔法，但她并沒有讓那阻止她。A.touch觸摸；B.disturb打擾；C.stop阻止；D.disappoint使失望。根據(jù)下文“Turninginsteadtomorepracticalmagicandthe___5___ofherparents”可知，凱瑟琳并沒有被阻止，仍然采取了行動。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：凱瑟琳轉(zhuǎn)而求助于更實(shí)用的魔法，在父母的幫助下，為圣路易斯市中心的無家可歸的人填充并交付了500多個護(hù)理包，其中包含食物和一些基本必需品，并向值班工人分發(fā)了約250份膳食。A.rule規(guī)則；B.help幫助；C.confidence信心；D.quality質(zhì)量。根據(jù)下文“ofherparents”可知，此處表示在父母的幫助下。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：凱瑟琳轉(zhuǎn)而求助于更實(shí)用的魔法，在父母的幫助下，為圣路易斯市中心的無家可歸的人填充并交付了500多個護(hù)理包，其中包含食物和一些基本必需品，并向值班工人分發(fā)了約250份膳食。A.lent出借；B.sold售出；C.kept保存；D.delivered交付。根據(jù)下文“morethan500carepackagescontainingfoodandsome___7___essentialstodowntownSt.Louis’shomelesspeople”可知，凱瑟琳將500多個護(hù)理包交付給無家可歸的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：凱瑟琳轉(zhuǎn)而求助于更實(shí)用的魔法，在父母的幫助下，為圣路易斯市中心的無家可歸的人填充并交付了500多個護(hù)理包，其中包含食物和一些基本必需品，并向值班工人分發(fā)了約250份膳食。A.expensive昂貴的；B.rare稀有的；C.basic基本的；D.unique獨(dú)特的。根據(jù)下文“essentials”以及常識可知，護(hù)理包中包含食物和一些基本必需品。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：凱瑟琳轉(zhuǎn)而求助于更實(shí)用的魔法，在父母的幫助下，為圣路易斯市中心的無家可歸的人填充并交付了500多個護(hù)理包，其中包含食物和一些基本必需品，并向值班工人分發(fā)了約250份膳食。A.handingout分發(fā)；B.tryingout試用；C.puttingout伸出；D.workingout鍛煉。根據(jù)下文“about250mealstoon-dutyworkers”可知，此處表示向值班工人分發(fā)了膳食。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但凱瑟琳并不滿足于僅僅捐贈物品。A.foolish愚蠢的；B.confident自信的；C.active積極的；D.satisfied滿足的。根據(jù)下文“Itwasimportantforhertomakea___10___withthepeopleshewastryingtohelp.”可知，凱瑟琳對于僅僅捐贈物品是不滿足的。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對她來說，與她試圖幫助的人建立聯(lián)系是很重要的。A.mistake錯誤；B.link聯(lián)系；C.cake蛋糕；D.decision決定。根據(jù)下文“Catherinedrewapictureand___12___apersonalmessageoneachonetocreatethekindofhumanconnectionthatmanyofthehomeless___13___lack.”可知，凱瑟琳要與她試圖幫助的人建立聯(lián)系。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在她自己填滿每個包裹后，凱瑟琳畫一幅畫，并在上面寫了個人信息，以創(chuàng)造出許多無家可歸的人極為缺乏的那種人際關(guān)系。A.checking檢查；B.measuring測量；C.filling填滿；D.decorating裝飾。根據(jù)上文“Catherinefilledand___6___morethan500carepackages”可知，此處表示凱瑟琳自己填滿包裹。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在她自己填滿每個包裹后，凱瑟琳畫一幅畫，并在上面寫了個人信息，以創(chuàng)造出許多無家可歸的人極為缺乏的那種人際關(guān)系。A.based基于；B.wrote寫；C.downloaded下載；D.threw扔。根據(jù)下文“apersonalmessageoneachone”可知，凱瑟琳在上面寫了個人信息。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在她自己填滿每個包裹后，凱瑟琳畫一幅畫，并在上面寫了個人信息，以創(chuàng)造出許多無家可歸的人極為缺乏的那種人際關(guān)系。A.extremely極其；B.suitably適當(dāng)?shù)?；C.slightly輕微地；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ack”以及常識可知，無家可歸的人極其缺乏人際關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我感到非常自豪，因?yàn)檫@個即將上一年級的孩子有一顆如此寬廣的心。A.natural自然的；B.proud自豪的；C.worried擔(dān)憂的；D.special特別的。根據(jù)下文“thissmallchildwhoisenteringfirstgradehassuchabigheart”可知，凱瑟琳的媽媽感到自豪。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她想給予。A.work工作；B.read閱讀；C.smile微笑；D.give給予。根據(jù)下文“Shewantstohelpothers.”以及語境可知，凱瑟琳想要給予別人東西，幫助別人。故選D項(xiàng)。【36題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：以任何人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量，凱瑟琳已經(jīng)完成了很多，但她認(rèn)為自己才剛剛開始。A.achieved完成；B.invented發(fā)明；C.wrote寫；D.understood理解。根據(jù)下文“alotbyanyone’sstandards”以及上文描述凱瑟琳所做的事情可知，此處表示，凱瑟琳已經(jīng)完成了很多。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她期待著為無家可歸的人舉辦一個感恩節(jié)熱食項(xiàng)目，還希望為有需要的孩子設(shè)立一個圣誕節(jié)玩具基金。A.gettingtiredof厭倦；B.watchingoutfor留心；C.lookingforwardto期待；D.catchingsightof看到。根據(jù)下文“holdingaThanksgivinghot-foodprojectforthehomelessandalsohopestostartaChristmastoyfundforkids___18___.”可知，此處表示凱瑟琳期待著為無家可歸的人舉辦感恩節(jié)活動。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：她期待著為無家可歸的人舉辦一個感恩節(jié)熱食項(xiàng)目，還希望為有需要的孩子設(shè)立一個圣誕節(jié)玩具基金。A.insilence沉默的；B.inneed有需要的；C.indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中；D.incomfort舒適的。根據(jù)上文“startaChristmastoyfund”可知，此處表示為有需要的孩子設(shè)立圣誕節(jié)玩具基金。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我想激勵更多的人做好事，”凱瑟琳說。A.intend打算；B.permit允許；C.ask詢問；D.inspire激勵。根據(jù)下文“morepeopletodogoodthings”可知，凱瑟琳想激勵更多的人做好事。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從孩子的嘴里說出的不僅有智慧，還有善良。A.kindness善良；B.agreement同意；C.happiness幸福；D.disappointment失望。根據(jù)上文“Iwantto___19___morepeopletodogoodthings”以及“Outofthemouthofthechild,comesnotonlywisdom”可知，凱瑟琳表現(xiàn)出的不僅有智慧，還有善良。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SituatedintheHaidianDisrict,theSummerPalaceis15kilometersawayfromthedowntownarea,whichconsistsofLongevityHillandKunmingLake,___41___(cover)anareaof2.9squarekilometers.Beingthelargestandmostwell-preservedroyalgardeninChina,it___42___(great)influencesChinesehorticulture(園藝)andlandscapewithits___43___(fame)naturalviewsandtheworksofhumankind.TheSummerPalace,___44___(build)in1750,wasnamedQingyiYuanortheGardenofClearNipplesoriginally.Itlaterbecamethemainlivingplaceofroyal(皇室的)membersin___45___endoftheQingDynasty.However,likemostofthegardensinBeijing,theSummerPalace___46___(destroy)byfire.Itwasrebuiltin1886,___47___wassupposedtoserveasasummerresortfortheEmpressDowagerCixi.In1900,theSummerPalacesufferedanotherhitbytheEight-powerAliedForces.Thenit___48___(take)thegovernmenttwoyearstorepairit.In1924,itwasopenthepublic.TheSummerPalacewasadded___49___theWorldHeritageSitesbyUNESCOin1998,andbecameoneofthefirstnational4Atourist___50___(attraction)inChina.【答案】41.covering42.greatly43.famous44.built45.the46.wasdestroyed47.which48.took49.to50.attractions【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了皇家園林——頤和園?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：頤和園位于海淀區(qū)，距市中心15公里，由萬壽山和昆明湖組成，占地2.9平方公里。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處作非謂語動詞，cover與邏輯主語theSummerPalace之間是主動關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填covering?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：作為中國規(guī)模最大、保存最完好的皇家園林，它以其著名的自然景觀和人類作品對中國的園藝和景觀產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響?？仗幮揎梽釉~influences，應(yīng)用副詞形式作狀語。故填greatly?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：作為中國規(guī)模最大、保存最完好的皇家園林，它以其著名的自然景觀和人類作品對中國的園藝和景觀產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。naturalviews為名詞短語，表示“自然景觀”，空處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語對其進(jìn)行修飾，famous是形容詞，表示“著名的”，符合句意。故填famous?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：頤和園始建于1750年，原名清漪園。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處作非謂語動詞，build與邏輯主語TheSummerPalace之間是被動關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。故填built。【45題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：清末成為皇室成員的主要居住地。intheendof為固定短語，表示“在……的末尾”，所以空處應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the?！?6題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：然而，和北京的大多數(shù)花園一樣，頤和園也被大火燒毀了。根據(jù)上下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，句子描述過去的動作，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，且動詞destroy與主語theSummerPalace之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，主語theSummerPalace是單數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用was。故填wasdestroyed?！?7題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：它于1886年重建，原本是慈禧太后的避暑勝地。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞it，it指代theSummerPalace，指物，且在定語從句中作主語，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)從句。故填which。【48題詳解