北京市房山區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語含答案解析

房山區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末檢測試卷高三英語本試卷共11頁，共100分。考試時長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回，試卷自行保存。第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Beforeenteringuniversity,WangJiayihadneversteppedontoasoccerfield.Sportswasn’treallyher___1___beforecollege.However,herperspectivechangedafterwitnessingthepassionandheatofamalesoccermatchatuniversity.Absorbedbythesport,Wangeagerlywantedto___2___.Butthe___3___ofawomen’ssoccerteamattheuniversitymeantshecouldonlyjointhemalesoccerteaminamanagementcapacity.However,thefollowingyear,shetookeffortto___4___awomen’ssoccerteaminheruniversity.Recruitingteammembersprovedtobe___5___.Wangvisitedthecampussportsgroundeachmorningtoapproachgirlsoutexercising.Shealsosoughtoutpotentialplayersfromthewomen’sbasketballandvolleyballteams.Somegirlsjoinedoutof___6___,buttheirinterestinsoccerwaslimited.Sosheandthecoachhadto___7___thembothbeforeandduringtrainingsessions.Toherdelight,theirattitudesgraduallybegantoshift.InJune,Wangjoinedalocalteam,whereshemadeaninteresting___8___:Noneoftheteammembersweremarried.Itseemsthatmarriageandmotherhoodoftenpreventwomenfrompursuingtheirpersonaldevelopment—notonlyaffectingtheirchoiceofcareerbutalso___9___therealizationoftheirownpersonalvalue.Butsomethingdid_____10_____:beforethisnewsemesterbegins,incomingfreshmenarealreadyseekingherouttojointhewomen’ssoccerteam.1.A.focus B.talent C.hope D.virtue2.A.getaway B.getinvolved C.getaround D.getdown3.A.importance B.existence C.absence D.performance4.A.establish B.sponsor C.train D.conduct5.A.disappointing B.confusing C.interesting D.challenging6.A.kindness B.curiosity C.pity D.gratitude7.A.appreciate B.criticize C.motivate D.persuade8.A.comment B.judgement C.reflection D.observation9.A.disturbing B.chasing C.bringing D.improving10.A.recover B.happen C.change D.approach第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。The____11____(winner)ofthe2023HugoAwardswereannouncedonSaturdaynight,withChineseauthorHaiYa____12____(take)hometheBestNoveletteawardfor“TheSpace-TimePainter.”HaiYa’snoveletteisinspiredbyapaintingmasterpiece,QianliJiangshanTubyWangXimengfromtheSongDynasty(960-1279).HaiYahaswoventhestoryofWang’slifeintoathriller____13____combinestheelementsoftraditionalChinesecultureandhistorywithsci-fianddetectivegenres.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。OnSeptember28,2023,TigstAssefaofEthiopia____14____(shock)therunningworld.Herrecordwasfarbeyond____15____mostpeopleexpected.LastSeptember,shefirstenteredtheBerlinMarathon,andsetanewwomen’srecordforthecourse.Thisyear,sheranalmostfourminutes____16____(fast)thanshedidlastyear.Assefahadasecretweapon—hershoes.Theshoes____17____(make)sothattheycollectenergyeverytimetherunnerlandsandgiveaspecialspringastherunner’sfootleavesthegroundagain.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Inatinyschoolonthesouthern-mosttipofNewZealand,childrenasyoungasfive____18____(participate)inaratcatchingcompetitionrecently.Eachchildwasgiventheirowntrap,madeoutof____19____(recycle)billboards.Theyhavebeentrappingatneighbours’houses,intheirsheds,andintheirbackyardsoverthepastthreemonths.They’rereallyintothecompetition.Theirendgoalis____20____(enable)birdspeciestorecover.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheSummerScienceProgramisanindependentnonprofit,theonlysummerprogramoperated,governed,andlargelyfundedbyitsformerparticipantsandteachers,whichisproofofitsimpactonyoungpeopleformorethansixdecades.Manyparticipantscallit“theeducationalexperienceofalifetime.”WhatcanSSPoffer?SSPoffersteensanexcitingandinspiringimmersionintohands-onexperimentalscience.Workinginteamsofthree36participantsand7teachersformasupportive“l(fā)ivingandlearningcommunity”over39days.Eachteamcompletesarealresearchproject,takingandanalyzingoriginaldata.Afterward,theyjoinaworldwidenetworkof2,500+alumniofallages.In2024wewilloperatesixprograms:?threeinAstrophysics:researchinnear-earthasteroidorbitdeterminationatNewMexicoStateUniv.,Univ.ofColoradoBoulder,andUniversityofNorthCarolinaChapelHill.?twoinBiochemistry:researchinfungalcroppathogensatPurdueUniv.andIndianaUniv.?oneinGenomics:researchinevolutionofantibioticresistance,atIndianaUniv.IsSSPforyou?SSPisopentocurrenthighschooljuniors(andafewtrulyexceptionalsophomores)whohavecompletedthepre-requisitesbysummer,andwillbeatleast15yearsold,butnotyet19,duringtheprogram.KeyDatesfor2024ProgramsThursday,December14,2023Applicationsopen.Wecanremindyou.Friday,February2,2024Deadlineforinternationalapplicants-allnon-U.S.citizensandU.S.citizensattendingschooloutsidetheU.S.Friday,March1,2024DeadlineforU.S.citizensandgreencardholdersattendingschoolintheU.S.Mid-March,2024InternationaladmissiondecisionsreleasedMid-April,2024U.S.admissiondecisionsreleased2024ProgramswillrunmidJune-endofJuly21.Inthe39-dayprogram,participantswill______.A.createhands-onscienceprojectsforteens B.supportalivingandlearningcommunityC.collectandstudydatatocarryoutaproject D.becomepartofaglobalalumniassociation22.Whichisarequirementfortheapplicants?A.AttendingaU.S.school. B.Fundingtheprogram.C.Holdingagreencard. D.Finishingpre-requisites.23.Anoverseasstudenthadbettersubmittheapplicationbefore______.A.February B.March C.April D.DecemberBPaulDurietzisa76-year-oldsocialstudiesteacherfromIllinois.OnSeptember1,hesetaGuinnessWorldRecordfortheworld’slongestteachingcareer.Hehasbeenteachingfor53years-sincehewas23yearsold.Mr.Durietzbecameinterestedinhistoryafterhearingstoriesfromhisfather.Hemadeuphismindaboutbecomingasocialstudiesteacherwhenhewasjust11yearsold,mainlybecauseofhisloveofhistory.Mr.DurietzgothisfirstteachingjobatWoodlandMiddleSchoolinGurneeIllinoisin1970.Eversincethen,he’sbeenteachingsocialstudiesatthesameschool.Forhim,teachingisneverboringbecauseeverydayisdifferent.Helovessharinghisknowledgeofhistorywithstudents.Thingshavechangedalotsincehebeganallthoseyearsago.Whenhestarted,hewroteonablackboardwithchalk,andthestudentsusedpapertextbooks.Thesedays,heandthestudentsusecomputersanddigitalwhiteboards.Thoughtechnologyhaschangedalot,inMr.Durietz’seyes,thestudentsarestillprettymuchthesame-exceptthatnowtheyhavecellphones.Andwithorwithouttechnology,Mr.Durietzhasusedcreativeactivitiestohelphisstudentslearn.Forexample,hehasorganizedvirtualfieldtrips,geographycontests,andspecialdaysabouttheUSCivilWar.Tohelphisstudentslearnaboutpolitics,hehasevenorganizedmock(模擬)electionsatschool,whichhisstudentsenjoyedmost.Formuchofhis53yearsasateacher,Mr.DurietzhasbeeninchargeofthesocialstudiesprogramatWoodland.Inthattime,hehashelpedtoguideover20othersocialstudiesteachersattheschool.Tohisextremepride,hehasevenhadstudentscomebackandtellhimthattheybecamehistoryteachersbecauseofhim.Mr.Durietzwasn’treallytryingtosetarecord.Hewasjustdoingwhatheloved.Hehasnoplanstoretireanytimesoon.Hehopestobreakhisownrecord.Healsohopestosetanotherrecordastheteacherwho’sworkedthelongestatthesameschool.“Keepworkingonwhatyoulovetodoinlife,”healwayssays.24.Mr.DurietzreceivedanawardfromGuinnessfor______.A.beingtheoldestteacherinIllinoisB.beingthebestsocialstudiesteacherC.havingthelongestyearsofteachingD.working53yearsatthesameschool25.WhathasmadeMr.Durietzmostproudofhiswork?A.Sharinghisknowledgeofhistory.B.Studentsenjoyingthemockelections.C.Guidingover20otherteachersatWoodland.D.Studentsfollowinghisexampletobeteachers.26.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeMr.Durietz?A.Passionate. B.Generous. C.Ambitious. D.Confident.27.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Befamousasyoungaspossible.C.Youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.D.Whenworkisapleasure,lifeisjoy.CFewwouldquestionthatarts,initsmassiveformsandmedia,arelikeamirrorthatreflectsthesocial,cultural,economicorevenpoliticalsituationofasocietyofaparticularera.However,beyondbeingsimplyanillustrationofthehumancondition,artscanbevitalinpushingthecountryforwardculturallyandeconomically.Withoutdoubt,artsareimportantfortheprogressofsociety.Theyenableindividualstodeveloponthewholeanddeepenthesocialtiesincommunitiesbygatheringpeopletocreate,experienceandenjoyarttogether,whichcanbeseenfromtraditionalethnicdancestointeractivetheatreperformanccs.Beyondmaterialwantsandneeds,humanbeingsfindfulfilmentinexperiencingandexpressingthingsofremarkablevaluethrougharts.Meanwhile,strongcitizens’participationinartsalsostrengthensthesocialfabricofanation.Moreover,artsenableanationtoprogressinhumanrightsandvalues.Aspowerfulmediathatareabletostirheartsandcausereflection,artscanspeakupthehumanvoiceofcriticismsharplyandclearlyintimesofcrisis,andcalluponsocietytoseekthecommongood.Itisevidentthatarts,whichexpresshumanvaluesandemotions,canconstituteaprofoundwayofpromotinghumandignityandadditionally,formthebarrieroftheethicalandmorallifeofsociety.Moreoftenthannot,aboomingartsscenemaynotnarrowtherich-poordivide.It’snothardtoseethatinahighlycompetitiveworld,itisessentialforgovemmentstoprioritizethedevelopmentofastrongworkforceandthebuildingofsustainableindustries.However,artsmaywellcomplement(補充)economicpoliciesasartsencourageindividualstoexercisecreativity.AsAlbertEinsteinstated,imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge.Whileknowledgeandprofessionalskillsmaystimulateacountry’sdevelopment,theabilitytoinnovateandthinkoutoftheboxmaybevaluabletoasocietyfacingevernewandunpredictablechallenges.Whiletheimportanceofartsmaydifferfromcountrytocountry,dependingonitseconomiccircumstancesandthesocio-politicalissues,theimportanceofartstotheprogressofanationshouldnotbeoverlooked.28.What’sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theformsofarts.B.Thefunctionsofarts.C.Thedefinitionofarts.D.Thedevelopmentofarts.29.Howdoartsinfluencehumanrightsandvalues?A.Byreflectinghumans’views.B.Bypointingoutthecommongood.C.Bygivingpeopleasenseoffulfilment.D.Byformingthemoralstandardofsociety.30.WhyisAlbertEinsteinmentionedinparagraph4?A.TopraiseAlbertEinstein’sachievements.B.Tocallonhumanstorememberourhistory.C.Tostresstheimportanceofartsincreativity.D.Toshowthenecessityofknowledgeandskills.31.Whatwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Artsserveasthemajorinfluenceinvalues.B.Artsplayapartintheprogressofacountry.C.Artsshouldaimatstrengtheningsocialbonds.D.Artscanbridgethegapbetweenrichandpoor.DAquickincreaseofdopamine(多巴胺)shiftsmiceintoadreamystageofsleep.Inthemice’sbrains,thechemicalmessengertriggersrapid-eye-movementsleep,orREM,researchersreportintheMarch4Science.Thesenewresultsaresomeofthefirsttoshowatriggerfortheshifts.Understandingthesetransitionsinmoredetailcouldultimatelypointtowaystotreatsleepdisordersinpeople.Certainnervecellsintheventraltegmentalareaofthemousebraincanpumpoutdopamine,amoleculethathasbeenlinkedtopleasure,movementandlearning,whichisthendelivereddopaminetotheamygdalae,twoalmond-shapedstructuresdeepinthebrainthatarecloselytiedtoemotions.Usingamolecularsensorthatcantellexactlywhenandwheredopamineisreleased,theresearcherssawthatdopaminelevelsroseintheamygdalaejustbeforemiceshiftedfromnon-REMsleeptoREMsleep.Next,theresearchersforcedthemiceintotheREMphasebycontrollingthosedopamine-producingnervecellsusinglasersandgenetictechniques.Compelledwithlight,thenervecellsreleaseddopamineintheamygdalaewhilemicewereinnon-REMsleep.ThemicethenshiftedintoREMsleepsoonerthantheytypicallydid,afteranaverageofabouttwominutescomparedwithabouteightminutesformicethatweren’tpromptedtoreleasedopamine.Stimulatingthesecellseveryhalfhourincreasedthemice’stotalamountofREMsleep.Additionalexperimentssuggestthatthesedopamine-makingnervecellsmayalsobeinvolvedinaspectsofnarcolepsy(嗜睡癥).Asuddenlossofmuscletone,calledcataplexy,sharesfeatureswithREMsleepandcanaccompanynarcolepsy.Stimulatingthesedopamine-makingnervecellswhilemicewereawakecausedthemicetostopmovingandfalldirectlyintoREMsleep.TheresultshelpclarifyatriggerforREMinmice;whetherasimilarthinghappensinpeopleisn’tknownEarlierstudieshavefoundthatnervecellsinpeople’samygdalaeareactiveduringREMsleep.Manyquestionsremain.Drugsthatchangedopaminelevelsinpeopledon’tseemtohavebigeffectsonREMsleepandcataplexy.Butthesedrugsaffectthewholebrain,andit’spossiblethattheyarejustnotselectiveenough.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Peoplewithsleepdisorderscouldbenefitfromtheresearch.B.Dopamineisgeneratedintwoalmond-shapedstructures.C.DopaminelevelsroseaftermiceshiftedtoREMsleep.D.AnincreaseofdopaminecantriggerREMinpeople.33.Theunderlinedword“they”inthelastparagraphrefersto______.A.theentirebrainB.REMsleepandcataplexyC.drugsaffectingdopaminelevelsD.peoplesufferingfromsleepdisorders34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducetwostagesofsleepofallanimals.B.ToexplaindopamineasatriggerforREMinmice.C.Topresentanewwaytocuresleepdisordersinpeople.D.Toproposeapioneerresearchinterestinbrainstructure.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoDoMan-on-the-StreetInterviewsTheman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramantointerviewpeopleonthespot.___35___Butwiththesetips,yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy.Whenyourbossorprofessorsendsyououttodoman-on-the-streetinterviewsforastory,thinkaboutthetopicanddevelopalistofabouttengeneralquestionsrelatingtoit.Forexample,ifyourtopicisaboutenvironmentalproblemsinAmerica,youmightask,“WhydoyouthinkenvironmentalprotectionisimportantinAmerica?”___36___Hitthestreetswithconfidence.___37___Say,“Excuseme,IworkforXYZNews,andIwaswonderingifyoucouldshareyouropinionaboutthistopic.”Thisisaquickwaytogetpeopletowarmuptoyou.Moveontothenextpersonifsomeonetellsyousheisnotinterested.Don’tgetdiscouraged.___38___Eachinterviewthatyougetonthestreetshouldn’tbelongerthantenminutes.Assoonasyougettheansweryouneed,moveontothenextperson.Makesurethatasyougofrominterviewtointerview,youaregettingavarietyofanswers.Ifeveryoneisgivingyouthesameanswer,youwon’tbeabletouseit.Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten.___39___Ifyournewsstationorschoolrequiresintervieweestosignreleaseformstoappearontheair,don’tleaveworkwithoutthem.A.Limityourtime.B.Asyouapproachpeople,bepolite.C.Ifyoudon’townacamera,youcanbuyone.D.Fornewreporters,thiscanseemlikeachallengingtask.E.Togetgoodandusefulresults,askthemthesamequestion.F.Thatnumberofinterviewsshouldgiveyoualltheanswersyouneed.G.Withaquestionlikethis,youwillgetmorethana“Yes”or“No”reply.第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，滿分32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Whentryingtomemorizenewmaterial,it’seasytoassumethatthemoreworkyouputin,thebetteryouwillperform.Yettakingtheoccasionalresttime—todonothingatall—maybeexactlywhatyouneed.Justdim(調(diào)暗)thelights,sitback,andenjoy10-15minutesofquietthinking,andyou’llfindthatyourmemoryofthefactsyouhavejustlearntisfarbetterthanifyouhadattemptedtousethatmomentmoreproductively.Theremarkablememory-boostingbenefitsofundisturbedrestwerefirstdocumentedin1900bytheGermanpsychologistGeorgEliasMullerandhisstudentAlfonsPilzecker.InoneoftheirmanyexperimentsonmemoryconsolidationMullerandPilzeckerfirstaskedtheirparticipantstolearnalistofmeaninglesssyllables.Followingashortstudyperiodhalfthegroupwereimmediatelygivenasecondlisttolearn—whiletherestweregivenasix-minutebreakbeforecontinuing.Whentestedone-and-a-halfhourslater,thetwogroupsshowedstrikinglydifferentpatternsofrecall.Theparticipantsgiventhebreakrememberednearly50%oftheirlist,comparedtoanaverageof28%forthegroupwhohadbeengivennotimetorechargetheirmentalbatteries.Thefindingsuggestedthatourmemoryfornewinformationisespeciallyweakjustafterithasfirstbeenmemorised,makingitmoresensitivetointerferencefromnewinformation.Takingregularperiodsofrest,withoutdistraction,couldhelpusallholdontonewmaterialalittlemorefirmly.Afterall,formanystudents,the10-30%improvementsrecordedinsomestudiescouldmarkthedifferencebetweenAgradeorB.“Icanimagineyoucouldincludethese10-15-minutebreakswithinarevisionperiod,”saysAidanHornerattheUniversityofYork,“andthatmightbeausefulwayofmakingsmallimprovementstoyourabilitytorememberlateron.”Intheageofinformationoverload,it’sworthrememberingthatoursmartphonesaren’ttheonlythingthatneedsaregularrecharge,ourmindsclearlydotoo.40.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatisagoodwaytoboostmemorywhilememorizingnewmaterial?_________________________________________________________________________________________41.WhatdidGeorgandAlfons’findingsuggest?_________________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Toenhancethememoryability,AidanHornerencouragesstudentstohavebreakswhiletakingexams.________________________________________________________________________________________43.Besidesboostingyourmemory,whatelsecanyoudotoimproveyouracademic(學(xué)業(yè)的)performance?(Inabout40words)________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)作文(20分)44.假設(shè)你是李華。你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國歷史很感興趣，并請你介紹一位你喜歡的中國歷史人物。請你給Jim回信，內(nèi)容包括：1、該人物是誰；2、該人物的主要貢獻；3、該人物對你的影響。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于100；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLihua房山區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末檢測試卷高三英語本試卷共11頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回，試卷自行保存。第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Beforeenteringuniversity,WangJiayihadneversteppedontoasoccerfield.Sportswasn’treallyher___1___beforecollege.However,herperspectivechangedafterwitnessingthepassionandheatofamalesoccermatchatuniversity.Absorbedbythesport,Wangeagerlywantedto___2___.Butthe___3___ofawomen’ssoccerteamattheuniversitymeantshecouldonlyjointhemalesoccerteaminamanagementcapacity.However,thefollowingyear,shetookeffortto___4___awomen’ssoccerteaminheruniversity.Recruitingteammembersprovedtobe___5___.Wangvisitedthecampussportsgroundeachmorningtoapproachgirlsoutexercising.Shealsosoughtoutpotentialplayersfromthewomen’sbasketballandvolleyballteams.Somegirlsjoinedoutof___6___,buttheirinterestinsoccerwaslimited.Sosheandthecoachhadto___7___thembothbeforeandduringtrainingsessions.Toherdelight,theirattitudesgraduallybegantoshift.InJune,Wangjoinedalocalteam,whereshemadeaninteresting___8___:Noneoftheteammembersweremarried.Itseemsthatmarriageandmotherhoodoftenpreventwomenfrompursuingtheirpersonaldevelopment—notonlyaffectingtheirchoiceofcareerbutalso___9___therealizationoftheirownpersonalvalue.Butsomethingdid_____10_____:beforethisnewsemesterbegins,incomingfreshmenarealreadyseekingherouttojointhewomen’ssoccerteam.1.A.focus B.talent C.hope D.virtue2.A.getaway B.getinvolved C.getaround D.getdown3.A.importance B.existence C.absence D.performance4.A.establish B.sponsor C.train D.conduct5.A.disappointing B.confusing C.interesting D.challenging6.A.kindness B.curiosity C.pity D.gratitude7.A.appreciate B.criticize C.motivate D.persuade8.A.comment B.judgement C.reflection D.observation9.A.disturbing B.chasing C.bringing D.improving10.A.recover B.happen C.change D.approach【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.A5.D6.B7.C8.D9.A10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了王佳怡在大學(xué)之前對體育并不感興趣，但在大學(xué)里看到男子足球比賽后，她的觀點發(fā)生了改變。她努力創(chuàng)辦了女子足球隊，并面臨了招募隊員的困難。她通過努力和激勵成功引起了女孩們對足球的興趣，后來慢慢有女生主動加入球隊。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在上大學(xué)之前，體育并不是她真正關(guān)注的重點。A.focus重點，關(guān)注；B.talent人才，天賦；C.hope希望；D.virtue美德。根據(jù)上文“Beforeenteringuniversity,WangJiayihadneversteppedontoasoccerfield.”可知，在上大學(xué)前，她從未踏足過足球場，說明她從未關(guān)注過足球，故選A項。【2題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：被這項運動所吸引，王急切地想?yún)⑴c其中。A.getaway逃跑；B.getinvolved參與其中；C.getaround繞過；D.getdown寫下，專注于。根據(jù)上文“Absorbedbythesport,Wangeagerlywantedto”可知，她深深的被足球運動所吸引，迫切的想要參與其中，故選B項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，由于大學(xué)沒有女子足球隊，這意味著她只能以管理身份加入男子足球隊。A.importance重要性；B.existence存在；C.absence缺失，沒有；D.performance表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“shecouldonlyjointhemalesoccerteaminamanagementcapacity.”可知，她只能以管理人員的身份加入男子足球隊是因為大學(xué)里沒有女子足球隊，故選C項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，第二年，她努力在她的大學(xué)里建立了一支女子足球隊。A.establish建立；B.sponsor贊助；C.train訓(xùn)練；D.conduct行為。根據(jù)下文“awomen’ssoccerteaminheruniversity”和“Recruitingteammembers

”可知，她第二年就建立了一支女子足球隊，故選A項?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事實證明，招募團隊成員具有挑戰(zhàn)性。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.interesting有趣的；D.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)下文“Wangvisitedthecampussportsgroundeachmorningtoapproachgirlsoutexercising.Shealsosoughtoutpotentialplayersfromthewomen’sbasketballandvolleyballteams.(王每天早上都會去校園運動場，帶女孩出去鍛煉。她還從女子籃球隊和排球隊中尋找有潛力的球員。)”可知，招募團隊成員是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的，故選D項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一些女孩出于好奇而加入，但她們對足球的興趣有限。A.kindness善良；B.curiosity好奇心；C.pity憐憫；D.gratitude感恩。根據(jù)下文“buttheirinterestinsoccerwaslimited”可知，一寫女孩是因為好奇才加入的，但是對曲子的興趣并不大，故選B項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她和教練必須在訓(xùn)練前和訓(xùn)練期間激勵她們。A.appreciate欣賞；B.criticize批評；C.motivate激勵；D.persuade勸說。根據(jù)上文“buttheirinterestinsoccerwaslimited”及下文“Toherdelight,theirattitudesgraduallybegantoshift.”可知，她在訓(xùn)練前后激勵她們，使她們的態(tài)度有了改變，故選C項。【8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今年6月，王加入了當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€團隊，在那里她觀察到一個有趣的現(xiàn)象：團隊成員中沒有一個人結(jié)婚。A.comment評論；B.judgement判斷；C.reflection反思；D.observation觀察。根據(jù)下文“Noneoftheteammembersweremarried.”可知，團隊成員中沒有一個人結(jié)婚這是她觀察到的現(xiàn)象，故選D項。【9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：婚姻和母親身份往往阻礙女性追求個人發(fā)展，不僅影響她們的職業(yè)選擇，也干擾了她們個人價值的實現(xiàn)。A.disturbing干擾；B.chasing追逐；C.bringing帶來；D.improving改善。根據(jù)“notonlyaffectingtheirchoiceofcareerbutalso___9___therealizationoftheirownpersonalvalue.”可知，婚姻和母親身份不僅影響了女性的職業(yè)選擇，并且還干擾了他們的價值觀，故選A項。【10題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但事情確實發(fā)生了變化：在新學(xué)期開始之前，新生們已經(jīng)在尋找她加入女子足球隊。A.recover恢復(fù)；B.happen發(fā)生；C.change改變；D.approach方法。根據(jù)下文“beforethisnewsemesterbegins,incomingfreshmenarealreadyseekingherouttojointhewomen’ssoccerteam”可知，與以前招募不到隊員相比，新生們尋找她加入足球隊，這是一些變化，故選C項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。The____11____(winner)ofthe2023HugoAwardswereannouncedonSaturdaynight,withChineseauthorHaiYa____12____(take)hometheBestNoveletteawardfor“TheSpace-TimePainter.”HaiYa’snoveletteisinspiredbyapaintingmasterpiece,QianliJiangshanTubyWangXimengfromtheSongDynasty(960-1279).HaiYahaswoventhestoryofWang’slifeintoathriller____13____combinestheelementsoftraditionalChinesecultureandhistorywithsci-fianddetectivegenres.【答案】11.winners12.taking13.which##that【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了中國作家海漄憑借《時空畫師》獲得2023年世界科幻文學(xué)最高獎項“雨果獎”，成為繼劉慈欣、郝景芳之后第三位獲得雨果獎的中國科幻作家?！?1題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：周六晚，2023年雨果獎的獲獎?wù)呓視?，中國作家海漄憑借《時空畫家》獲得最佳中篇小說獎。設(shè)空處在句中作主語，由謂語動詞“wereannounced”可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填winners。【12題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：周六晚，2023年雨果獎的獲獎?wù)呓視裕袊骷液Q憑借《時空畫家》獲得最佳中篇小說獎。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，“withChineseauthorHaiYa____2____(take)hometheBestNoveletteawardfor“TheSpace-TimePainter””為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，with的賓語ChineseauthorHaiYa與動詞take構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填take的現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語。故填taking。【13題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：海漄將王希孟的生平故事編織成一部將中國傳統(tǒng)文化和歷史元素與科幻和偵探類型相結(jié)合的驚悚小說。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，設(shè)空處指代先行詞athriller在從句中作主語，指物，此定語從句用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)。故填which/that。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。OnSeptember28,2023,TigstAssefaofEthiopia____14____(shock)therunningworld.Herrecordwasfarbeyond____15____mostpeopleexpected.LastSeptember,shefirstenteredtheBerlinMarathon,andsetanewwomen’srecordforthecourse.Thisyear,sheranalmostfourminutes____16____(fast)thanshedidlastyear.Assefahadasecretweapon—hershoes.Theshoes____17____(make)sothattheycollectenergyeverytimetherunnerlandsandgiveaspecialspringastherunner’sfootleavesthegroundagain.【答案】14.shocked15.what16.faster17.aremade【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了埃塞俄比亞的蒂格斯特·阿塞法在馬拉松比賽中打破自己上一年創(chuàng)下的世界紀(jì)錄，快了將近4