適用于新高考新教材備戰(zhàn)2025屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)Unit3TheInternet新人教版必修第二冊

UNIT3THEINTERNETⅠ.閱讀理解AWhenthedesignerandtypographer(排印工)MarcinWicharychanceduponatinymuseumjustoutsideBarcelonafiveyearsago,theexperiencetippedhisinterestinthehistoryoftechnologyintoanobsession(癡迷)withaveryparticularpartofit:thekeyboard.“Ihaveneverseensomanytypewritersunderoneroof.Notevenclose,”hesharedontheInternetatthetime.“Atthispoint,Iliterallyhavetearsinmyeyes.I’mnotkidding.Thisfeelslikeamiracle.”He’dhadadiscoverywhilewanderingthroughtheexhibit:Eachkeyonakeyboardhasitsownstories.Andthesestoriesarenotjustaboutcomputingtechnology,butalsoaboutthepeoplewhodesigned,used,orotherwiseinteractedwiththekeyboards.Takethebackspacekeyforexample,heexplains,“Ilikethattheconceptofbackspacewasoriginallyjustthat—aspacegoingbackward.Weareusedtoiterasingnow,butforahundredyears,erasingwasitsownincrediblycomplexeffort.YouneededtomasteraCometeraser,orWite-Out,orstrangecorrectiontapes,andpossiblyalloftheabove...orgiveupandstartfromscratchwheneveryoumadeasmallmistakeintyping.”Thedeeperheresearched,themoreobsessivehebecame.Amazedthatnocomprehensivebooksexistedonthehistoryofkeyboards,hedecidedtocreatehisown.WhennotworkingathisdayjobasthedesignleaderforthedesignsoftwarecompanyFigma,hebeganproducingShiftHappens,atwo-volume,1,216hardcoverbook—andraisedover$750,000fortheprojectonKickstarterinMarchof2024.Wicharywasonlyabitsurprisedbythesupportandthekeyboard’swideappeal.Ashepointsout,“It’ssuchacrucialdevicethatoccupiesalotofourwakinglife.”1.Afterthemuseumexperience,Wichary’sinterestintechnology.

A.tookoffB.diedoutC.grewstrongerD.becamemoreconcrete2.WhatdidWicharydiscoverwhileadmiringthekeyboards?A.Thestoriesbehindthem.B.Thewisdomofhumans.C.Thesecretofthekeyboards.D.Thehistoryoftechnology.3.WhatdoesWicharywanttotellusaboutthebackspacekeyinparagraph4?A.Itisasimplebutpowerfulkey.B.Itcanbeusedtomovebackonespace.C.Itistheresultoflong-termimprovement.D.Itallowspeopletomakemistakeswhentyping.4.WhydidWicharywritehisownbook?A.Tofillagap.B.Togetfamous.C.Tomakemoney.D.Torecordhistory.BManystudieshaveshownthatwhenpeoplereadon-screen,theydon’tunderstandwhatthey’vereadaswellaswhentheyreadinprint.Forexample,researchersinSpainandIsraeltookacloselookat54studiescomparingdigitalandprintreading.Their2024studyinvolvedmorethan171,000readers.Comprehension,theyfound,wasbetteroverallwhenpeoplereadprintratherthandigitaltexts.MaryanneWolf,whoworksattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesexplainedthatreadingisnotnatural.Welearntotalkbylisteningtothosearoundus.It’sprettyautomatic.Butlearningtoreadtakesrealworkbecausethebrainhasnospecialnetworkofcellsjustforreading.Tounderstandtext,thebrainborrowsnetworksthatevolved(進(jìn)化)todootherthings.Forexample,thepartthatevolvedtorecognizefacesiscalledintoactiontorecognizeletters.Thisissimilartohowyoumightadaptatoolforsomenewuse.Forexample,acoathangerisgreatforputtingyourclothesinthecloset(衣柜).Butifablueberryrollsundertherefrigerator,youmightstraightenoutthecoathangeranduseittoreachundertherefrigeratorandpulloutthefruit.Asaresult,thebrainmightslipintoskim(閱讀)modewhenyou’rereadingonascreen.Itmayswitchtodeep-readingmodewhenyouturntoprint.Yourreadingdoesn’tjustdependonthedevice,however.Italsodependsonwhatyouassumeaboutthetext.Baron,whoisascientiststudyinglanguageandreading,callsthismindset.Shesaysonewaymindsetworksisinanticipatinghoweasyorhardweexpectthereadingtobe.Ifwethinkitwillbeeasy,wemightnotputinmucheffort.Muchofwhatwereadon-screentendstobetextmessagesandsocialmediaposts.They’reusuallyeasytounderstand.So,whenpeoplereadon-screen,theyreadfaster.Whenreadingfast,wemaynotabsorballtheideasaswell.Soifyoureallyneedtolearnsomething,you’reprobablybetteroffwithprint.5.WhatisMaryanneWolf’spointofview?A.Readingisunnaturalforthebrain.B.Digitaltextsareeasiertounderstand.C.Oldtoolsshouldbeadaptedfornewuse.D.Therearetwodifferentmodesofreading.6.HowwasMaryanneWolf’spointofviewexplained?A.Byreferringtotheresultsofpreviousstudies.B.Bysortingdatacollectedthroughexperiments.C.Byanalyzingexamplesofpeople’sreadingexperiences.D.Bycomparingreadingtodoingthingswithborrowedtools.7.WhatwillBaronprobablyagreewith?A.Aneffectivereaderabsorbsalltheideas.B.Digitalreadingdevicescanbeputintobetteruse.C.Readingstrategiesshouldbeappliedtoimprovereadingspeed.D.Wehavedifferentmindsetsinscreenreadingandprintreading.8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.What’sbehindhowyouread,deviceorpsychology?B.Aresocialmediapostsfuelingupafastreadingcraze?C.Willyoulearnbetterfromreadingon-screenoronpaper?D.Whichemploysmorepartsofyourbrain,readingorlistening?Ⅱ.七選五Inthisdayandage,itisdifficulttoimagineourliveswithoutemails.Buthowoftendoweconsidertheenvironmentalimpactofthesemessages?1It’seasytoignoretheinvisibleenergyinvolvedinrunningthenetwork—particularlywhenitcomestosendingandstoringdata.

Everysingleemailisstoredonaserver(服務(wù)器).2Thesecomputersconsumemassiveamountsofenergy,24hoursaday,andrequirecountlesswaterorairconditioningsystemsforcooling.Themoremessageswesend,receiveandstore,themoreserversareneeded.3

Accordingtocarbonfootprintspecialists,everyspamemail(垃圾郵件)releasesanestimated0.3gramsofCO2intotheatmosphere.Astandardemail,onewithoutanattachmenthasacarbonfootprintof4gramsofCO2.4ThesecarbonemissionscomefromtheenergyusedtooperatethecomputersandaccesstheInternet.

Recentcalculationsindicateifeveryemailusersentonelessunnecessaryemaileachday,itwouldreduceCO2emissionsby16,433tonneseachyear.Thatisthesameas81,152flightsbetweenLondonandMadrid!5Avoidsendingunnecessarymails,reducetheamountofspamyoureceiveandregularlycleanoutyourinbox.

A.Therealimpactmayactuallybeevenhigher.B.Theserverisdesignedtostorehugeamountsofdata.C.Thatmeansmoreenergyconsumed,andmorecarbonemissions.D.Anemailwithalottextandattachmentcanberesponsibleforupto50grams.E.It’sdefinitelyworthwhiletakingafewminutestodoaneco-friendlydigitalclean-up.F.Weassumethatusingemailsrequiresonlytheelectricityusedtopowerourcomputers.G.Quantitiesofemailsrequirehugeserverfarms—millionsofcomputersstoringinformation.Ⅲ.語法填空(2024九省適應(yīng)性測試)Wheneveryouhavetowriteapaper,aletter,oranyotherdocumentforworkorschool,youprobablyheadtowardthecomputer.Now,mostpeoplereachfor1.(keyboard)fasterthantheypickuppens.InaScottishprimaryschool,however,Mr.NormanLewisistakingadifferentapproach.Hefeelsthatneathandwriting2.(be)stillanimportantskill,sohehashisstudentswritenotonlybyhandbutalso3.oldfashionedfountainpens.

Fountainpens4.(use)inschoolslongagoandhavebeenregainingpopularitylatelybecausetheyarerefillable.Today,awriter5.(simple)throwsanemptypenawayandgets6.newone.

Sofar,Mr.Lewisispleasedwiththeresultsofhisexperiment.Hereportsthathisstudentsaretakingmorecarewiththeirwork,andtheirself-confidencehasimprovedaswell.Heishappywiththe7.(improve)heseesinhisstudents’writing8.inhisownwriting.Heknowsthatcomputersarehere9.(stay)andthattheywillnotdisappear.However,hebelievesthatthepracticewithfountainpenshelpsstudentstofocus,towritefaster,andtheycanfeelproudof10.(they).

Ⅳ.應(yīng)用文寫作學(xué)校英語報就近三年暑假學(xué)生運用手機消遣的平均時長狀況進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,作為校報記者,請就圖表中的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇分析報告,內(nèi)容包括:1.問卷結(jié)果描述;2.簡潔評論;3.你的建議。本校中學(xué)生近三年暑假運用手機消遣時長調(diào)查結(jié)果留意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請在相應(yīng)位置作答。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了去一家小博物館的閱歷讓設(shè)計師兼排版師MarcinWichary對鍵盤產(chǎn)生了愛好,之后他起先制作一本關(guān)于鍵盤歷史的全面書籍。1.C微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段可知,參觀博物館后,Wichary對技術(shù)史的愛好變成了對技術(shù)史中一個特別特別的部分(鍵盤)的癡迷,可知他對技術(shù)的愛好變得更加猛烈。2.A微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“He’dhadadiscoverywhilewanderingthroughtheexhibit:Eachkeyonakeyboardhasitsownstories.”可知,Wichary在觀賞鍵盤時發(fā)覺了鍵盤背后的故事。故選A項。3.C推理推斷題。由第四段中“Weareusedtoiterasingnow,butforahundredyears,erasingwasitsownincrediblycomplexeffort.YouneededtomasteraCometeraser,orWite-Out,orstrangecorrectiontapes,iveupandstartfromscratchwheneveryoumadeasmallmistakeintyping.”可知,一百年前擦除本身就是一項極其困難的工作,而現(xiàn)在人們習(xí)慣了退格鍵的擦除(暗指擦除變得簡潔了),Wichary想通過這種變更告知我們退格鍵是長期改進(jìn)的結(jié)果。故選C項。4.A推理推斷題。由最終一段中“Amazedthatnocomprehensivebooksexistedonthehistoryofkeyboards,hedecidedtocreatehisown.”可知,Wichary自己寫書是為了填補沒有一本關(guān)于鍵盤歷史的全面書籍的空白。故選A項?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了屏幕閱讀的效果不如紙質(zhì)閱讀。5.A微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中“MaryanneWolf,whoworksattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesexplainedthatreadingisnotnatural.”可知,瑪麗安·沃爾夫的觀點是閱讀對大腦來說是不自然的。6.D微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段中“Tounderstandtext,thebrainborrowsnetworksthatevolvedtodootherthings.Forexample,thepartthatevolvedtorecognizefacesiscalledintoactiontorecognizeletters.Thisissimilartohowyoumightadaptatoolforsomenewuse.”可知,在說明MaryanneWolf的觀點時,作者將讀和說進(jìn)行了比較,并且把閱讀比作用一種工具做另外一件事。7.D推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段中“Baron,whoisascientiststudyinglanguageandreading,...So,whenpeoplereadon-screen,theyreadfaster.”可知,Baron認(rèn)為我們對預(yù)期的、不同難易程度的閱讀持有不同的“思維傾向”。屏幕上讀到的大部分內(nèi)容往往是短信和社交媒體帖子,它們通常很簡潔理解,所以我們的“思維傾向”是它很簡潔,我們可能不會付出太多努力。這與紙質(zhì)閱讀材料上的內(nèi)容不同,對于紙質(zhì)閱讀材料我們會有不同的“思維傾向”。由此推知,Baron可能會贊同“我們在屏幕閱讀和印刷閱讀上有不同的思維傾向”這一說法。故選D項。8.C主旨大意題。通讀全文,結(jié)合文章第一段中“Comprehension,theyfound,wasbetteroverallwhenpeoplereadprintratherthandigitaltexts.”和最終一段“Soifyoureallyneedtolearnsomething,you’reprobablybetteroffwithprint.”可知,本文說明白閱讀紙質(zhì)印刷文本比閱讀電子文本更好,正好回答了C項“在屏幕上閱讀和在紙上閱讀哪個學(xué)得更好?”這一問題,所以C項是文章最佳標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文,主要講的是電子郵件對環(huán)境的不好的影響。1.F空前“Buthowoftendoweconsidertheenvironmentalimpactofthesemessages?”說明我們可能很少考慮電子郵件信息對環(huán)境的影響;空后“It’seasytoignoretheinvisibleenergyinvolvedinrunningthenetwork—particularlywhenitcomestosendingandstoringdata.”說明電子郵件是會消耗能量的,空格處應(yīng)當(dāng)說我們只會想到電子郵件所消耗的常見的能源。F項說明我們常見的想法,就是電子郵件只須要電,因此承上啟下,符合語境,故選F項。2.G空前“Everysingleemailisstoredonaserver.”說明大量的郵件就須要大量的服務(wù)器。G項說明白大量的電子郵件須要浩大的服務(wù)器群,空后說的“Thesecomputersconsumemassiveamountsofenergy”中的Thesecomputers和G項中的“millionsofcomputers”一樣,因此承上啟下,符合語境。3.C空前說“Thesecomputersconsumemassiveamountsofenergy,24hoursaday,andrequirecountlesswaterorairconditioningsystemsforcooling.Themoremessageswesend,receiveandstore,themoreserversareneeded.”,空格處應(yīng)當(dāng)接著說那更多的服務(wù)器對環(huán)境的影響以及會消耗更多的能源。C項說明白更多的服務(wù)器會消耗更多的能源,造成更多的碳排放,影響環(huán)境,因此承接上文,符合語境,故選C項。4.D空前說“Accordingtocarbonfootprintspecialists,everyspamemailreleasesanestimated0.3gramsofCO2intotheatmosphere.Astandardemail,onewithoutanattachmenthasacarbonfootprintof4gramsofCO2.”,空后說“ThesecarbonemissionscomefromtheenergyusedtooperatethecomputersandaccesstheInternet.”,說明空格處也應(yīng)當(dāng)提到某種會導(dǎo)致碳排放的郵件。D項說明白包含大量文本和附件的電子郵件排放的二氧化碳的量,因此承接上文,符合語境,故選D項。5.E空后說“Avoidsendingunnecessarymails,reducetheamountofspamyoureceiveandregularlycleanoutyourinbox.”,這些都是削減郵件對環(huán)境的不好影響的方法,空格處也應(yīng)當(dāng)是一種方法。E項說明白一種削減郵件的不利影響的方法,因此引起下文,符合語境,故選E項。Ⅲ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了在蘇格蘭的一所小學(xué)里,諾曼·劉易斯讓學(xué)生運用老式鋼筆寫字取得良好效果的故事。1.keyboards考查名詞的數(shù)。依據(jù)空格前的介詞for可知,空格處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語,keyboard為可數(shù)名詞,前面沒有冠詞應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填keyboards。2.is考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一樣。空格處作謂語,本句陳述的是客觀事實,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,且主語handwriting為不行數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)用動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式