2022年浙江省杭州市高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

2021-2022學(xué)年浙江省杭州市高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題第I卷第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhetheryouwanttoabsorbyourselfinluxury(奢華)ormakememoriesthatwilllastalifetime,considerSouthCarolinaforyournextbeachvacation!FollyBeachSometimescalledoneofAmericalasttruebeachtowns,FollyIslandischarming,withclothingshopsandseafoodrestaurantsofeverykindalongCenterStreet.There’ssomethingforeveryone,whetheryou’reasurfer,cyclist,boater,youlovefishing,oryou’reinterestedintheisland’srichsea-wildlife,complexhistory,FollyBeachisagreatplaceforculturetoo.HiltonHeadFamousforitsluxuryaccommodations,lowcountry-beaches,and30world-classgolfcourses,and300tenniscourts,HiltonHeadwasthefirsteco-planneddestinationintheUnitedStates.WhileHiltonHeadisfamousforitsexpensiveofferings,there’splentyofexploringforfamiliesandnaturelovers.EdistoBeachEdistoBeachisagreatplacefornaturelovers.AvacationatEdistobeachincludesadventureinthegreatoutdoors.Hike,fish,andexplorethebeach.EdistoBeachprovidesaffordablebeachfun,likeoceanfrontandforestcampsites.BullIslandBullIslandisknownforitsbird-life,withmorethan293speciesrecordedthere.KidslovespottinganAmericanBaldEagle.Naturalist-guidedtoursaregreatforallagesifobservingblackfoxesisonyourbucketlist.1.Whichbeachbestsuitsthosewhoareeagertogetexperienceinvariousactivitiesaswellaslocalculture?A.FollyBeach. B.HiltonHead. C.EdistoBeach. D.BullIsland.2.WhatisprobablythemajorconcernfortouristsbeforegoingtoHiltonHead?A.Safety. B.Cost. C.Location. D.Activities.3.WhatmightmakepeoplechooseBullIslandratherthanEdistoBeach?A.Itssea-wildlife. B.Itsgolf-course. C.Itsbird-life. D.Itscampsites.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了SouthCarolina幾個(gè)適合度假的沙灘。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FollyBeach”部分的“There’ssomethingforeveryone,whetheryou’reasurfer,cyclist,boater,youlovefishing,oryou’reinterestedintheisland’srichsea-wildlife,complexhistory,FollyBeachisagreatplaceforculturetoo.(這里有適合每個(gè)人的東西，無(wú)論你是沖浪愛(ài)好者、騎自行車的人、劃船的人，你喜歡釣魚，或者你對(duì)島上豐富的海洋野生動(dòng)物、復(fù)雜的歷史感興趣，F(xiàn)ollyBeach也是一個(gè)領(lǐng)略文化的好地方)”可知，如果你對(duì)文化感興趣，可以到FollyBeach來(lái)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HiltonHead”部分“WhileHiltonHeadisfamousforitsexpensiveofferings,there’splentyofexploringforfamiliesandnaturelovers.(雖然HiltonHead以其昂貴的服務(wù)而聞名，但這里也有很多適合家庭和自然愛(ài)好者探索的地方)”可知，HiltonHead收費(fèi)昂貴，所以花費(fèi)問(wèn)題是人們所關(guān)心的。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分“BullIslandisknownforitsbird-life,withmorethan293speciesrecordedthere.(BullIsland以鳥類生活而聞名，那里有超過(guò)293種鳥類的記錄)”可知，BullIsland與眾不同的地方在于其鳥類眾多，所以如果選擇BullIsland而不是EdistoBeach，那肯定是因?yàn)槠澍B類生活。故選C。BMyname’sEllenandIgrewupinManchesterinthe19thCenturyatthetimeoftheIndustrialRevolution.Iwasbornin1853,andatthattime,Manchesterhad108cottonfactories.ItwascalledCottonopolis.Lifewasn’teasyforchildreninthosedays,andmostchildrenweredeadbytheageoffive.Somemightsaytheyweretheluckyonesbecausetheydidn’thavetogotoworkinafactory.By1853,mostpeoplehadmovedfromthecountrysidetothecityforwork,andthecitywasdirtyandovercrowded.Threeorfourfamiliesoftenlivedinthesamehouse.Welivedinoneroominthebasementofahouse.Itwasdamp,darkandcoldandweonlyhadonebed.Thetoiletwasoutsideinthestreet,andwehadtoshareitwithallourneighbours.Therewasn’tanyrunningwaterinthehouseeither.Wedidn’thaveanycleandrinkingwater,andmanypeoplediedfromcholera(霍亂).MyeldestbrotherdiedofcholeratwomonthsbeforeIwasborn.IwaseightwhenIstartedworkatthecottonmill.Thenoisewasterribleandtheairwasfilledwithwhitedustfromthecotton.Icouldn’tbreatheandIwantedtorunaway.Onemorning,afterIhadbeenworkingthereforafewmonths,Ihadaterribleaccident.Iwasverytiredthatmorning.Ihadbeenworkingforthreehourswhen,forjustasecond,Iclosedmyeyesandthat’swhenithappened.Awomangrabbed(抓住)meandpulledmeawayfromthemachine,butitwastoolate.Ihadlostthreefingersonmyrighthand.AtthetimeIwaspleased.“NowIdon’thavetoworkanymore,”Ithought.Butno,Iwaswrong.Theyfoundmeanotherjob—ajobwhereIdidn’tneedahand.4.WhatcanbelearntaboutEllen’sfamilyaftermovingtothecity?A.Theysharedabasementwithothers.B.Therewasnotoiletinsidetheirroom.C.Therunningwaterintheirroomwasdirty.D.Hereldestbrotherdiedaftershewasbom.5.WhydidEllenwanttorunawayfromthecottonfactory?A.Shecouldn’tholdherbreath.B.Shewastooyoungtoworkthere.C.Girlsdidheavytasksatthefactory.D.Theworkingconditionswereterrible.6WhathappenedtoElleninthelastparagraph?A.Sheworkedforamonth.B.Shelostherrighthand.C.Shehadahorribleaccident.D.Shefeltgladtochangeajob.7.What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Totellherhardchildhoodlife.B.Toraiseconcernsaboutchildren.C.Toexpressherthankstolifesaver.D.Toshowherdissatisfactionwiththejob.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者對(duì)童年的回憶，作者8歲的時(shí)候就開(kāi)始在棉紡廠工作，一次，由于太瞌睡，作者的右手有三根手指被機(jī)器割斷，然而這并不妨礙資本家對(duì)作者的摧殘?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thetoiletwasoutsideinthestreet,andwehadtoshareitwithallourneighbours.(廁所在外面的街道上，我們不得不和所有的鄰居共用)”可知，作者一家搬到城市后所住的房子里面并沒(méi)有廁所。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“IwaseightwhenIstartedworkatthecottonmill.Thenoisewasterribleandtheairwasfilledwithwhitedustfromthecotton.Icouldn’tbreatheandIwantedtorunaway.(我八歲時(shí)開(kāi)始在棉紡廠工作。噪音很可怕，空氣中充滿了來(lái)自棉花的白色灰塵。我無(wú)法呼吸，我想逃跑)”可知，作者想要逃離工廠是因?yàn)楣ぷ鳝h(huán)境太糟糕。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ihadbeenworkingforthreehourswhen,forjustasecond,Iclosedmyeyesandthat’swhenithappened.Awomangrabbed(抓住)meandpulledmeawayfromthemachine,butitwastoolate.Ihadlostthreefingersonmyrighthand.(那天早上我很累。我已經(jīng)工作了三個(gè)小時(shí)，就在那一瞬間，我閉上了眼睛，事情就發(fā)生了。一個(gè)女人抓住我，把我從機(jī)器旁拽開(kāi)，但已經(jīng)太晚了。我右手失去了三根手指)”可知，作者遭遇了一場(chǎng)事故。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了作者回憶了童年的時(shí)光，并講述了小時(shí)候的遭遇，由于貧困，作者8歲就得進(jìn)工廠，后來(lái)由于過(guò)于疲倦發(fā)生了事故，失去了右手三根手指頭，但是還是需要工作。所以作者寫本文的目的是告訴我們她小時(shí)候的生活是困苦的。故選A。CThousandsofpeoplecametothetheatresandconcerthallstohearhim.PerformancesweresoldoutinBritainandAmerica.Peoplefainted(暈倒)athisshows.Whodoyouthinkhewas?Well,hewasn’tapopstar.Hewasinfactawriter,andhedidn’tliveinthiscentury.Helivednearlytwohundredyearsago.HisnamewasCharlesDickens.Inthe19thCentury,CharlesDickenswentonlongtoursinBritainandAmerica.Ateachperformancehereadandactedoutpassagesfromhisnovels.Whydidhegoontourwithhisbooks?Hisfirsttourwasforcharity-hewasn’tpaidforit.ThefirstperformancewasofAChristmasCarolfor2,000poorpeopleinBirmingham.Manypeopleintheaudiencecouldn’treadandsostorytellingwasveryimportanttothem.Afterthisfirstperformance,hewasofferedmoneytoperformhisreadingsatotherplaces.Atfirstherefused,butlaterheagreedtodomoreshows.Helovedperforming,andasayoungman,hehadwantedtobeanactor.HistourofAmericafromDecember1867toApril1868earnedhimover￡19,000,whichwasahugeamountofmoneyatthetime.Itwasalotmorethanheearnedfromsellinghisbooks.CharlesDickens’tourswereveryhardworkashetravelledlongdistancesbytrain,andtrainswereveryslowinthosedays.Hisfamilyandfriendsbecameworriedabouthishealth.Theywantedhimtostoptouring.In1865,therewasaterribletraincrashatStaplehurstinKent.Allthecarriagesexceptonefelldownaslope(山坡).WhathappenedtoCharlesDickens?Hewasintheonecarriagethatdidn’tfalldown.Aftertheaccident,CharlesDickenswasfiightenedoftravellingbytrain,buthestillcontinuedhistours.Hisreadingscontinuedtobesuccessful.However,hisfriendsandfamilieswererighttobeworriedabouthishealth.FiveyeilTSJater,ill1870,CharlesDickensdiedofastroke(中風(fēng)).8.Whatwastheprofessionofthestorytellerinthetext?A.Apopstar. B.Atraveler. C.Anactor. D.Anauthor.9.WhydidCharlesDickensstarthisfirstreadingtour?A.Tosupportcharity. B.Tomakeafortune.C.Tobeapopularperformer. D.Tosellnovels.10.WhydidCharlesDickens’familywanttostophisreadingtour?A.Theywereconcernedabouthishealth.B.Peopleusuallyfaintedathisshows.C.Hewasafraidoftravellingbytrain.D.Hehadanarrowescapefromatrainaccident.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Thepricesofthebooksatthattimewereveryhigh.B.Trainswerepeople’smainmeansoftransportation.C.CharlesDickens’readingtourswereverypopular.D.Mostpeopleintheaudiencehadreadhisnovels.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了查爾斯·狄更斯的生平，重點(diǎn)講述了他的巡回朗讀?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hewasinfactawriter,andhedidn’tliveinthiscentury.(事實(shí)上，他是一位作家，但他并不生活在這個(gè)世紀(jì))”可知，這個(gè)講故事的人職業(yè)是個(gè)作家。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whydidhegoontourwithhisbooks?Hisfirsttourwasforcharity-hewasn’tpaidforit.(為什么他要帶著他的書去巡演？他的第一次巡回朗讀是為了慈善事業(yè)——他沒(méi)有得到報(bào)酬)”可知，他第一次巡回朗讀是為了做慈善。故選A。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Hisfamilyandfriendsbecameworriedabouthishealth.Theywantedhimtostoptouring.(他的家人和朋友開(kāi)始擔(dān)心他的健康。他們希望他停止巡回朗讀)”可知，他的家人們希望他停止巡回朗讀是擔(dān)心他的健康。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“HistourofAmericafromDecember1867toApril1868earnedhimover￡19,000,whichwasahugeamountofmoneyatthetime.(1867年12月至1868年4月的美國(guó)之旅為他賺了19000多英鎊，這在當(dāng)時(shí)是一筆巨款)”以及第五段“Hisreadingscontinuedtobesuccessful(他的閱讀一直很成功)”可推斷，他的巡回朗讀很受歡迎。故選C。DOUCH!Shotshurt.Buttheypreventyoufromgettingsick.How?Byteachingyourbodyhowtofightgerms(病菌).Somevaccines(疫苗)containgermsofaspecificdiseasethathaveeitherbeenkilledorweakened,sotheshotswon’tgiveyouthedisease.Quantitiesofwhitebloodcellscalled“Bcells”defendyourbody.Eachonecanrecognizesomethingthatisnotpartofyou.Whenagermgetsinsideyourbodyandmeetsitsmatch,thatBcellbecomesactive.Itreplicatesitself,andthousandsofBcellscreate“antibodies”,whichattachtothegermanddestroyit.Onegermcanturnintoamillioninafewhours.Ifyou’reweak,youwillsoonfeelverysick.Meanwhile,yourBcellsareworkinghardandtheywillcatchupwiththegrowingnumbersofgermsinoneortwoweeks.Attheheightofthebattle,Bcellscanmakethousandsofantibodies(抗體)inasecond.That’swhenyoustartfeelingbetter.Afterthegermsaredefeated,yourbodyknowshowtofightthosespecificgermsbecausesomeBcellsarememoryBcells.Sometimestheycanliveforyourentirelife.Theymakeyousafefromasecondinfection(感染).Thatfactisthebasisforvaccination.VaccinescontaindeadorweakenedgermsthatletyourbodymakememoryBcells.Ifyoulatercomeacrossthatsamegerm,memoryBcellsimmediatelystartreplicatingthemselvesandmakingantibodies.Soonthegermsaredestroyed,andyouprobablywon’tevenfeelsick.WhenEdwardJennertriedusingcowpoxtoprotectpeoplefromsmallpox(天花)，hehadnoideaaboutBcellsorantibodies.Nowweknowthatcowpoxandsmallpoxaresimilarenoughthattheantibodiesmadeagainstcowpoxalsokillthesmallpoxvirusforatime.AhundredyearsafterJenner,LouisPasteurformedthebasisforvaccination:usingagermagainstitself.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“replicates”meaninthesecondparagraph?A.Repairs. B.Reproduces. C.Replaces. D.Recycles.13.Peoplestartfeelingbetteraftergettingsickwhen_________.A.germsgrowatahighspeedB.antibodiesreachahighlevelC.memoryBcellscomeintobeingD.Bcellsfindthegerminyourbody14.Whatcanweknowaboutvaccinesfromthetext?A.Vaccinesshotsmaygivepeoplethedisease.B.Vaccinesputantibodiesinpeople’sbody.C.Vaccinesfreepeopleofvariousdiseases.D.VaccineshelppeoplemakememoryBcells.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoFightGerms B.WhatAreVaccinesC.HowVaccinesWork D.WhoInventedVaccines【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人類身體里的B細(xì)胞是如何保護(hù)身體抵抗外來(lái)細(xì)菌，由此也誕生了疫苗?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文“Whenagermgetsinsideyourbodyandmeetsitsmatch,thatBcellbecomesactive.(當(dāng)一個(gè)細(xì)菌進(jìn)入你的身體，遇到它的對(duì)手，B細(xì)胞變得活躍)”和后文“thousandsofBcellscreate“antibodies”，whichattachtothegermanddestroyit.(成千上萬(wàn)的B細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生“抗體”，附著在細(xì)菌上并摧毀它)”可知，B細(xì)胞進(jìn)行自我復(fù)制，變成成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)來(lái)摧毀細(xì)菌。所以replicates為“復(fù)制”之意。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Attheheightofthebattle,Bcellscanmakethousandsofantibodies(抗體）inasecond.That’swhenyoustartfeelingbetter.(在戰(zhàn)斗最激烈的時(shí)候，B細(xì)胞可以在一秒鐘內(nèi)產(chǎn)生數(shù)千個(gè)抗體。那是你開(kāi)始感覺(jué)好些的時(shí)候)”可知，在抗體達(dá)到頂峰的時(shí)候，你開(kāi)始感覺(jué)好些。故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“VaccinescontaindeadorweakenedgermsthatletyourbodymakememoryBcells.(疫苗中含有死亡或弱化的細(xì)菌，可以讓你的身體產(chǎn)生記憶B細(xì)胞)”可推斷，疫苗可以讓你的身體產(chǎn)生記憶B細(xì)胞。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Buttheypreventyoufromgettingsick.How?Byteachingyourbodyhowtofightgerms(病菌).Somevaccines(疫苗)containgermsofaspecificdiseasethathaveeitherbeenkilledorweakened,sotheshotswon’tgiveyouthedisease.(但它們能防止你生病。如何？通過(guò)教會(huì)你的身體如何對(duì)抗細(xì)菌。一些疫苗含有某種特定疾病的細(xì)菌，這些細(xì)菌要么被殺死，要么被削弱，所以這種疫苗不會(huì)讓你得病)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了疫苗是如何幫助身體消滅病菌的。所以“HowVaccinesWork(疫苗如何工作的)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。DanielleWaterman,anEnglishwomanrugby(橄欖球)playerisinterviewedandtalksaboutherexperienceandopinionsaboutthesport.Havingtwoolderbrotherstaughtmealotaboutsurvival.___16___We’dplayrugbytogetherandifIwantedtoplayagainstmybrothers,whoIlookedupto,Ihadtobegoodenough.Itmademedetermined.Iwasluckytohavesupportiveparents,especiallymymother,whowasmyrolemodel.___17___It’sdifferentnow,withlotsofamazingwomeninBritishsportaspositiveexamplestoyounggirls.Thesituationforwomen’ssporthasimproved,butthere’salongwaytogo.Theregularityofmalesportallowsthepublictobefamiliarwithteamsandplayers.___18___Afewyearsago,IgothurtinmykneeandwastoldIcouldn’tplayagain.___19___That’swhenIreallyrecognizedthechallengesIwasfacingmentally,aswellascopingwithmyphysicalpain.NomatterhowmuchItrained,Iwouldn’timproveunlessIwashappierandmoreconfident.IrealizedIneededtogethelpformymentalhealth.Withoutthatsupport,Iwouldn’thaveplayedagain.___20___WhenIwasinjured,myimmediatereactionwas,‘Ineedtokeepgoing.’I’vebuiltupstrongwillbutit’sbasicallybecauseIlovewhatIdo.WhenIplayrugby,Iworkwithotherpeople,dealwithfailureandovercomedifficulties-allthesemakemeopen-mindedanddetermined.Rugbydevelopsconfidenceinmearoundachievingandself-belief.AThat’swhatwomen’ssportneeds.B.SometimesIdidfeeldifferenttoothergirls.C.Ineverthoughtofmyselfasdifferentfromthem.D.Playingrugbyismypassion,anditenrichesme.E.However,IdecidedtoinsistonandtogettotheOlympics.F.Aswellasthephysicalside,thesportalsoleadsmetoahappylife.G.Thereweren’tmanyfemalerolemodelsinsportwhenIwasgrowingup.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.E20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了英國(guó)女橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)員丹妮爾·沃特曼在接受采訪時(shí)談到了她對(duì)這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和看法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)下文“We’dplayrugbytogetherandifIwantedtoplayagainstmybrothers,whoIlookedupto,Ihadtobegoodenough.(我們會(huì)一起打橄欖球，如果我想和我尊敬的哥哥們比賽，我必須足夠優(yōu)秀)”可知，她想變得更優(yōu)秀，才能和自己的哥哥一起打橄欖球。選項(xiàng)C“Ineverthoughtofmyselfasdifferentfromthem.(我從不認(rèn)為自己和他們有什么不同)”符合語(yǔ)境，引出下文。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“It’sdifferentnow,withlotsofamazingwomeninBritishsportaspositiveexamplestoyounggirls.(現(xiàn)在情況不同了，英國(guó)體育界有很多優(yōu)秀的女性作為年輕女孩的積極榜樣)”推知，空處指的是女性運(yùn)動(dòng)員不太多見(jiàn)。選項(xiàng)G“Thereweren’tmanyfemalerolemodelsinsportwhenIwasgrowingup.(在我成長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程中，體育界并沒(méi)有很多女性榜樣)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thesituationforwomen’ssporthasimproved,butthere’salongwaytogo.Theregularityofmalesportallowsthepublictobefamiliarwithteamsandplayers.(女子運(yùn)動(dòng)的狀況已經(jīng)有所改善，但還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。男性體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)律性讓公眾對(duì)球隊(duì)和運(yùn)動(dòng)員更加熟悉)”可知，女子運(yùn)動(dòng)情況有所改善，但是還是不如男性運(yùn)動(dòng)。空前提到男性體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，由此推知空處應(yīng)提及女子運(yùn)動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)A“That’swhatwomen’ssportneeds.(這正是女子運(yùn)動(dòng)所需要的)”與上文一致。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空后“That’swhenIreallyrecognizedthechallengesIwasfacingmentally,aswellascopingwithmyphysicalpain.(那是我真正意識(shí)到我在精神上面臨挑戰(zhàn)，以及應(yīng)對(duì)我的身體疼痛的時(shí)候)”可知，她知道自己面臨的挑戰(zhàn)既有精神層面也有身體層面；而空前“Afewyearsago,IgothurtinmykneeandwastoldIcouldn’tplayagain.(幾年前，我的膝蓋受傷了，醫(yī)生告訴我不能再比賽了)”提到的是身體層面遇到的困難和挑戰(zhàn)，所以空處應(yīng)為精神層面。選項(xiàng)E“However,IdecidedtoinsistonandtogettotheOlympics.(然而，我決定堅(jiān)持，并參加奧運(yùn)會(huì))”提到了作者的決心和毅力，與上下文內(nèi)容一致。故選E?！?0題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段中心句。下文“WhenIwasinjured,myimmediatereactionwas,‘Ineedtokeepgoing.’I’vebuiltupstrongwillbutit’sbasicallybecauseIlovewhatIdo.WhenIplayrugby,Iworkwithotherpeople,dealwithfailureandovercomedifficulties-allthesemakemeopen-mindedanddetermined.Rugbydevelopsconfidenceinmearoundachievingandself-belief.(當(dāng)我受傷的時(shí)候，我的第一反應(yīng)是，“我需要繼續(xù)前進(jìn)?！蔽乙呀?jīng)有了堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志，但這主要是因?yàn)槲覠釔?ài)我所做的事情。當(dāng)我打橄欖球時(shí)，我和其他人一起工作，處理失敗和克服困難——所有這些都讓我豁達(dá)和堅(jiān)定。橄欖球培養(yǎng)了我對(duì)成就和自信的信心)”可知，本段主要講的是橄欖球是她的愛(ài)好，同時(shí)打橄欖球也豐富了她的內(nèi)心。選項(xiàng)D“Playingrugbyismypassion,anditenrichesme.(打橄欖球是我的愛(ài)好，它豐富了我的生活)”符合本段大意。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。EverythingIknowaboutloveI’velearnedfrommydogs.ButeverythingIknowabout___21___I’velearnedfromthemtoo.Theyfillour___22___.Andthen,inwhatseemslikenotime,they’regone.Itremindsmewhatpeoplesayaboutchildbirth:ifyoureally___23___howdifficultitwas,you’dnever___24___itagain.Andyet,dogafterdog,I’veforgottenthe___25___oflosingthem—untiltheygivemethatlookwiththeir___26___faces.Youpromised,Jenny.Thepainoflossdoesn’tseemtobe___27___atallbythefactthatsomeofmydogshavebeenterrible.Myfirstdog,forinstance,wasa(n)___28___Dalmatian(斑點(diǎn)狗）namedPlayboy.Welivedonthefarmthen,andPlayboyledacarefreelife,___29___donkeysandcowsorevenstealingChristmasturkeys.MysisterandIdislikedhim,andwewerefairlysurethe____30____wasmutual(互相的).____31____hewasdevotedtomyfather.Everyafternoon,whenDadreturnedhomeandsatdown,Playboywouldliedownathissideand____32____arounduntilhispaws(爪）wereintheair.Dadwouldrubthedog’sbelly.“Who’sagoodboy?”____33____wouldask.Itwasagood____34____.WhatdidIlearnaboutlovefromPlayboy?Thatitis____35____ifeveryonedislikesyou,aslongasyouaredeeplylovedbyoneperson.21.A.devotion B.loss C.happiness D.friendship22.A.houses B.gaps C.workdays D.hearts23.A.wondered B.asked C.remembered D.appreciated24.A.lookafter B.getridof C.makeupfor D.gothrough25.A.sorrow B.trouble C.time D.possibility26.A.cute B.young C.grey D.pretty27.A.caused B.reduced C.increased D.ignored28.A.naughty B.ugly C.graceful D.gentle29.A.biting B.killing C.chasing D.riding30.A.relation B.communication C.idea D.feeling31.A.Yet B.Also C.Instead D.Still32.A.slide B.roll C.leap D.march33.A.she B.I C.he D.it34.A.comment B.job C.treat D.question35.A.fine B.shameful C.awkard D.amazing【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.D25.A26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章作者通過(guò)自己養(yǎng)狗的經(jīng)歷告訴我們失去狗的痛苦很難減少以及人生在世，即便不是每個(gè)人都喜歡你，生活也很美好?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我所知道的關(guān)于失去的一切也是從它們身上學(xué)來(lái)的。A.devotion奉獻(xiàn)、投入；B.loss損失，失去；C.happiness幸福；D.friendship友誼。根據(jù)下文“Thepainoflossdoesn’tseemtobe___7___atallbythefactthatsomeofmydogshavebeenterrible.”可知，下文講述的是失去的痛苦。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們充滿了我們的心。A.houses房子；B.gaps間隔；C.workdays工作日；D.hearts心臟，內(nèi)心。根據(jù)下文可知，作者認(rèn)為狗充實(shí)了自己的生活，也就是裝滿了自己的心靈。故選D。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我想起人們對(duì)分娩的看法：如果你真的記得分娩有多難，你就再也不會(huì)經(jīng)歷它了。A.wondered想知道；B.asked問(wèn)；C.remembered記得；D.appreciated欣賞、感激。根據(jù)下文“Andyet,dogafterdog,I’veforgottenthe___5___oflosingthem”可知，作者以分娩為例，講述了人們?nèi)绻浀梅置涞耐淳筒粫?huì)再去經(jīng)歷。意在指出，如果記得失去狗的痛苦，就不想再去養(yǎng)狗。故選C。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：這讓我想起人們對(duì)分娩的看法：如果你真的記得分娩有多難，你就再也不會(huì)經(jīng)歷它了。A.lookafter照顧；B.getridof擺脫、去除；C.makeupfor彌補(bǔ)；D.gothrough經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“Andyet,dogafterdog,I’veforgottenthe___5___oflosingthem”可知，作者以分娩為例，講述了人們?nèi)绻浀梅置涞耐淳筒粫?huì)再去經(jīng)歷。意在指出，如果記得失去狗的痛苦，就不想再去養(yǎng)狗。也就是不想再去經(jīng)歷那樣的事情。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一只又一只的狗，我已經(jīng)忘記了失去它們的悲傷——直到它們憂郁的臉向我露出那種表情。A.sorrow悲傷；B.trouble麻煩；C.time時(shí)間；D.possibility可能性。根據(jù)下文的“Thepainofloss”可知，失去狗是悲傷的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一只又一只的狗，我已經(jīng)忘記了失去它們的悲傷——直到它們憂郁的臉向我露出那種表情。A.cute可愛(ài)的；B.young年輕的；C.grey灰的，憂郁的；D.pretty漂亮的。根據(jù)下文“Youpromised,Jenny.”可知，狗的表情是憂郁的。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：失去的痛苦似乎絲毫沒(méi)有因?yàn)槲业囊恍┕繁憩F(xiàn)糟糕而減輕。A.caused導(dǎo)致；B.reduced減少；C.increased增加；D.ignored忽視。根據(jù)上文“Andyet,dogafterdog,I’veforgottenthe___5___oflosingthem—untiltheygivemethatlookwiththeir___6___faces.”可知，每次失去狗，作者都是痛苦的，所以不會(huì)因?yàn)楣繁憩F(xiàn)不好，悲傷和痛苦就會(huì)減少。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，我的第一只狗是只頑皮的達(dá)爾馬提亞犬，名叫Playboy。A.naughty淘氣的；B.ugly丑陋的；C.graceful優(yōu)雅的；D.gentle溫和的、輕柔的。根據(jù)下文“Welivedonthefarmthen,andPlayboyledacarefreelife,___9___donkeysandcowsorevenstealingChristmasturkeys.”可知，Playboy很淘氣。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)我們住在農(nóng)場(chǎng)，Playboy過(guò)著無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的生活，追逐驢和牛，甚至偷圣誕節(jié)的火雞。A.biting咬；B.killing殺；C.chasing追逐；D.riding騎。根據(jù)空后的賓語(yǔ)“donkeysandcows”可判斷，Playboy是追逐它們。故選C。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我姐姐和我都不喜歡他，我們很確定這種感覺(jué)是相互的。A.relation關(guān)系、聯(lián)系；B.communication交流；C.idea想法；D.feeling感覺(jué)。根據(jù)“MysisterandIdislikedhim,”和下文可知，Playboy只喜歡作者的父親，所以作者認(rèn)為Playboy也不喜歡自己，這是互相的感覺(jué)。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但他對(duì)我父親很忠誠(chéng)。A.Yet然而；B.Also也；C.Instead反而；D.Still仍然。根據(jù)上文“MysisterandIdislikedhim,andwewerefairlysurethe___10___wasmutual(互相的).”可知，作者和Playboy互相不喜歡；下文描述了他對(duì)作者父親的喜歡，存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每天下午，當(dāng)爸爸回到家坐下時(shí)，Playboy就會(huì)躺在他身邊，不停地打滾，直到爪子翹到空中。A.slide滑動(dòng)；B.roll滾動(dòng)；C.leap跳過(guò)；D.march前進(jìn)。根據(jù)下文“arounduntilhispaws(爪）wereintheair.”可知，它應(yīng)該在地上打滾才會(huì)爪子翹到空中。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：“誰(shuí)是好孩子?”他會(huì)問(wèn)。A.she她；B.I我；C.he他；D.it它。根據(jù)“Dadwouldrubthedog’sbelly.”可知，這里代指作者的父親。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是個(gè)好問(wèn)題。A.comment評(píng)論；B.job工作；C.treat請(qǐng)客；D.question問(wèn)題。根據(jù)上文““Who’sagoodboy?””可知，這是個(gè)問(wèn)題。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不是每個(gè)人都喜歡你，沒(méi)關(guān)系，只要有一個(gè)人深愛(ài)著你就好。A.fine好的；B.shameful可恥的；C.awkward尷尬的；D.amazing令人驚嘆的。根據(jù)“ifeveryonedislikesyou,aslongasyouaredeeplylovedbyoneperson.”及上文可知，Playboy并沒(méi)有得到作者和作者姐姐的喜愛(ài)，但是因?yàn)榈玫搅俗髡吒赣H的喜愛(ài)，Playboy還是那么的欣喜。所以，如果不是每個(gè)人都喜歡你，也沒(méi)關(guān)系，也很好。故選A。第II卷第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Themostspecialroominourhouseisthekitchen.WhenIopenthedoor,___36___isthefirstthingInotice?Thesmellofcookingandthenoise!Youcanoftenhearpeopletalkingorlaughing,andthesound___37___potsandpans,becauseusuallysomeone___38___(prepare)food!Ialwaysfeelcomfortableandathomeinthekitchenit’s___39___centeroffamilylife.Inthemiddleofthekitchen___40___(be)myfavoritepieceoffurniture-alongwoodentable.Itlooksoldandworn,butit’stheplacewherepeoplesitandworkortalk.It___41___(use)forspecialoccasionslikemygrandma’sbirthday,___42___weallsitaroundthetable.It’salsousedforeveryday___43___(activity),likemybrother’shomework.Thetableisalwaysmessybecauseeveryoneleavestheirthingsonit.Therearehousekeys,schoolbooksaswellasletters___44___(mail).Inshort,thekitchenismyfavoriteroombecauseit’sfulloflife.It’sthe____45____(noisy)placeinthehouse,andIlikeitthatway.It’stheroomwhereIfeelmostcomfortableandhappy.Andthat’swhyIloveit.【答案】36.what37.of38.ispreparing39.the40.is41.isused42.when43.activities44.tomail45.noisiest【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了作者在家里最喜歡的房間是廚房以及原因。【36題詳解】考查疑問(wèn)代詞。句意：當(dāng)我打開(kāi)門，我首先注意到的是什么？本句缺少主語(yǔ)，表示物，所以用疑問(wèn)代詞what。故填what。【37題詳解】考查介詞。句意：你可以經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到人們說(shuō)話或笑，以及鍋碗瓢盆的聲音，因?yàn)橥ǔＳ腥嗽跍?zhǔn)備食物！根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知，指的是鍋碗瓢盆的聲音，用介詞of，表示所屬關(guān)系。故填of?！?8題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：你可以經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到人們說(shuō)話或笑，以及鍋碗瓢盆的聲音，因?yàn)橥ǔＳ腥嗽跍?zhǔn)備食物！根據(jù)上下文可知，指的是當(dāng)你聽(tīng)到鍋碗瓢盆的聲音的時(shí)候，是因?yàn)橛腥嗽跍?zhǔn)備食物，因此時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；主語(yǔ)為someone，單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is。故填ispreparing。【39題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：我總是覺(jué)得很舒服，在家里，廚房是家庭生活的中心。根據(jù)空后的“offamilylife.”可知，center為特指，用定冠詞the。故填the?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：廚房的中央是我最喜歡的一件家具——一張長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的木桌。本句為倒裝句，真正的主語(yǔ)是“myfavoritepieceoffurniture-alongwoodentable”，單數(shù)；根據(jù)上下文可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：它被用于特殊的場(chǎng)合，比如我奶奶的生日，那時(shí)我們都圍坐在桌子旁。主語(yǔ)為it，單數(shù)，和動(dòng)詞use之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)上下文可知，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填isused?！?2題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：它被用于特殊的場(chǎng)合，比如我奶奶的生日，那時(shí)我們都圍坐在桌子旁。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，句中先行詞為grandma’sbirthday，在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故填when。【43題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：它也用于日?；顒?dòng)，比如我哥哥的家庭作業(yè)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意和下文“l(fā)ikemybrother’shomework”可知，指的是各種日常活動(dòng)，用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填activities。【44題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：有鑰匙，教科書，還有要寄的信。修飾名詞letters，指的是即將要寄出的信，用不定式作定語(yǔ)。故填tomail。【45題詳解】考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：這是家里最吵的地方，我喜歡這樣。根據(jù)下文“inthehouse”以及空前的“the”可知，此處指家里最吵的地方，故空處為形容詞最高級(jí)。故填noisiest。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)(滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，昨天你校舉辦了“我愛(ài)家鄉(xiāng)”的英語(yǔ)演講比賽，你獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。你的新加坡朋友Antony給予了你參賽指導(dǎo)，請(qǐng)你給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.告知消息；2.感謝幫助；3.邀請(qǐng)他來(lái)游玩。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【答案】DearAntony,Ihopeyourdayisgoingwell.I’mgladtotellyouthatIwonthefirstprizeyesterdayintheEnglishspeechcontestwiththethemeof“Ilovemyhometown”.Thankyoufortakingthetimetopolishmyspeechandanswerallmyquestionsaboutit.Icouldn’thavemadeitwithoutyou.Ireallyappreciateyourhelp!Thesummervacationiscoming,andIsincerelyinviteyoutomyhometown.I’dbehappytobeyourguide.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文寫作。要求考生向朋友寫信，告知朋友自己演講比賽獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)，感謝朋友的幫忙并邀請(qǐng)他來(lái)玩?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累高興的：glad→pleased/happy真地：really→certainly/truly/actually即將到來(lái)：becoming→beapproaching/bearoundthecorner真誠(chéng)地：sincerely→genuinely2.句式拓展句式轉(zhuǎn)換原句：I’mgladtotellyouthatIwonthefirstprizeyesterdayintheEnglishspeechcontestwiththethemeof“Ilovemyhometown”.拓展句：I’mgladtotellyouthatIwonthefirstprizeyesterdayintheEnglishspeechcontestwhosethemewas“Ilovemyhometown”.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Ihopeyourdayisgoingwell.（運(yùn)用了省略that的賓語(yǔ)從句）【高分句型2】I’mgladtotellyouthatIwonthefirstprizeyesterdayintheEnglishspeechcontestwiththethemeof“Ilovemyhometown”.（運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫一段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ihadjustpouredmysecondcupofteathatmorningandsatdowntoreadthepaper.Fromsomewhere,aninnervoicesaid,“GoseeJeffandbringhimthechairtorepair.Gorightnow.”ItwassuchastrongneedthatIhurriedlydressedandcarriedadining-roomchairtohisdoor.Jeffwasaneighborwhohadlosthiswifeawhileback,andhesometimesdidminorrepairsformebecauseheenjoyedworkingwithhishands.Iknockedonhisdoorandwaitedawhile.Iwasabouttowalkawaywhenheanswered.Helo