2024年全國甲卷高考英語試卷試題真題及答案

2024年全國甲卷英語一、閱讀理解EachARTSFIRSTfestivalisauniqueannualcelebrationoftheHarvardcommunity'sartisticcreativity.WeinviteyoutojoinusforthecomingARTSFIRST.WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart-makingactivities.ThefestivalisapubliceventforHarvardandcommunitymembersofallages.LightAwashinWatercolorLearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors1880-1990:IntotheLight.SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativityFromwebstococoons,invertebrates(無脊椎動物)createsomeofnature'smostdelicateandbeautifuldesigns.JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofNaturalHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherinvertebratesdance,inspirefashionandcreateart,whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraft(手工藝)materials.WheelThrowingJoininstructorsfromtheCeramicsProgramandgreatpottersfromQuincy,CabotandMatherHousesfordemonstrationsusingthepotter'swheel.Thencreateyourownmasterpiece!KnittingandPom-PomMakingJointheHarvardUndergraduateKnittingCircletomakepom-pomsandtasselsoutofthread,orpickupapairofneedlesandlearntoknit(編織).1．WhatdoweknowaboutARTSFIRST?A．Itisanexhibitionofoilpaintings. B．Itoffersartcoursesforallages.C．Itpresentsrecreationalactivities. D．Itisamajortouristattraction.2．Whichprogramwillyoujoinifyou'reinterestedindrawingpictures?A．LightAwashinWatercolor. B．SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity.C．WheelThrowing. D．KnittingandPom-PomMaking.3．WhatcanyoudotogetherwithJavierMarin?A．Practiceatraditionaldance. B．Makehandcrafts.C．Visitalocalmuseum. D．Feedinvertebrates.【答案】1．C2．A3．B【解析】1．根據(jù)文章第一段的“WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart-making'activities.(我們期待著您的到來，我們將通過表演、藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作活動來展示哈佛藝術(shù)界的創(chuàng)造力。)”以及下文的四個小標(biāo)題“LightAwashinWatercolor(水彩中的淡光)”；“SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity(沒有骨氣的藝術(shù)家:無脊椎的創(chuàng)造力)”；“WheelThrowing(投擲輪子)”和“KnittingandPom-PomMaking(編織和制作毛絨球)”可推知，ARTSFIRST是提供娛樂活動的。故選C。根據(jù)文章“LightAwashinWatercolor(水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“LearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors1880—1990:IntotheLight.(與哈佛藝術(shù)博物館材料實驗室的專家一起了解水彩顏料的材料和質(zhì)量。在即將到來的“1880—1990年美國水彩畫：進入光”展覽中，嘗試一下藝術(shù)家們使用的一些繪畫技巧。)”可知，如果對畫畫感興趣，可以參加LightAwashinWatercolor。故選A。根據(jù)文章“SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity(無脊椎藝術(shù)家：無脊椎動物的創(chuàng)造力)”部分中的“JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherNaturalinvertebratesdance,inspirefashionandcreateart,whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraftmaterials.(和哈佛歷史博物館的JavierMarin一起學(xué)習(xí)昆蟲和其他自然無脊椎動物是如何跳舞、啟發(fā)時尚和創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)的。同時用手工材料制作你自己的無脊椎藝術(shù)家。)”可知，參與者能跟JavierMarin一起進行手工制作。故選B。Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,

scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon'tusuallylike.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators(食肉動物).Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!4．Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats'meowingfromthefirstparagraph?A．It'sasurvivalskill. B．It'staughtbymothercats.C．It'shardtointerpret. D．It'sgettinglouderwithage.5．Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?A．Bylisteningforsounds. B．Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.C．Bycheckingonsmells. D．Bycommunicatingwithothercats.6．Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3?A．Performappropriately. B．Movefaster. C．Actstrangely. D．Dobetter.7．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TipsonFindingaSmartCat B．UnderstandingYourCat'sBehaviorC．HaveFunwithYourCat D．HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy【答案】4．A5．C6．D7．B【解析】4．根據(jù)第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.(動物可以用很多方式來表達他們的需求。例如，幾乎所有的動物都有獨特的聲音，它們依靠這些聲音來尋求幫助，嚇跑危險的動物或?qū)ふ冶幼o。)”和“Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother’sattentionandbefed.(貓寶寶一出生就開始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是為了引起媽媽的注意和被喂食。)”可知，貓叫聲是一種生存技能。故選A。根據(jù)第二段“Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.(貓有許多敏銳的感官，但它們的嗅覺令人印象深刻。它們用鼻子來評估周圍的環(huán)境，尋找任何危險的跡象。)”可知，寵物貓通過檢查氣味來評估不同情況。故選C。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞前半句“Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,(狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取習(xí)慣而聞名)”和后句“Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.(許多貓會在外面隨意找到一些東西，并把它們帶給主人。)”可知，狗以取回東西而聞名，但貓可以從外邊找到東西帶回來，因此在這一行為上更上一層樓。短語take...upanotch是用來形容貓在帶回東西這一行為上做得更好或更出色。故選D。根據(jù)第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.(動物可以用很多方式來表達他們的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介紹和解釋貓的各種行為方式，包括叫聲、嗅覺和帶回禮物的習(xí)慣，以及這些行為背后的原因和意義。所以“UnderstandingYourCat’sBehavior(了解你的貓的行為)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。TheSaintLukastraindoesn’tacceptpassengers—itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning,”saysEmileDucke,aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions(區(qū)域)ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補給).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”8．HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains?A．Itrunsacrosscountries. B．Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.C．Itfunctionsasahospital. D．Ittravelsalongariver.9．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?A．Itisheavilypopulated. B．Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C．Itisamoderncity. D．Itneedsmedicalaid.10．HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply?A．Aboutayear. B．Abouttenmonths.C．Abouttwomonths. D．Abouttwoweeks.11．WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services?A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious.【答案】8．C9．D10．D11．A【解析】8．根據(jù)文章第一段“TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.(圣盧卡斯號是五列政府資助的醫(yī)療列車之一，前往俄羅斯中部和東部的偏遠城鎮(zhèn)。每一站平均停留兩天，在此期間，船上的醫(yī)生和護士為農(nóng)村人口提供基本醫(yī)療服務(wù)、X光掃描和處方。)”可知，圣盧卡斯號與其他火車的不同之處在于它是政府資助的醫(yī)療火車，充當(dāng)醫(yī)院。故選C。第三段提到“Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor'sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.(俄羅斯的公共衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)迫切需要現(xiàn)代化。政府一直在努力提出解決這一問題的措施，特別是在伏爾加河以東較貧窮的農(nóng)村地區(qū)，包括通過視頻聊天安排醫(yī)生預(yù)約，擴大財政援助計劃，激勵醫(yī)生到克拉斯諾亞爾斯克等偏遠地區(qū)行醫(yī)。)”可以推斷，Krasnoyarsk需要醫(yī)療援助，故選D。根據(jù)第四段“For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補給).”(每年有10個月，火車在兩周內(nèi)?？看蠹s八個車站，然后返回地區(qū)首府進行補給和重新裝貨。)”可知，圣盧卡斯號一份補給可以工作大約兩周.故選D。根據(jù)最后一段的““Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”(“醫(yī)生和他們的助手在這么小的空間里工作和生活，但仍然保持專注和非常關(guān)注，這給我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke說。這是許多農(nóng)村人獲得他們想要的治療的最好機會。”)”可知，Ducke對SaintLukas的服務(wù)持贊賞的態(tài)度，故選A?！癐didn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn’thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse,IwouldhavepreferredadifferentendingforTomandMaggieTulliver,buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(懸疑小說).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat'sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.Thisissuewon’ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe—that’suptoyouandthestoryyou’retelling—butitmightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.12．WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie?A．Todiscussanovel. B．Tosubmitabookreport.C．Toargueforawriter. D．Toaskforareadinglist.13．WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingGracie?A．Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.B．Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacter.C．Eachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueend.D．Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell.14．Whatisexpectedofagoodending?A．Itsatisfiesreaders’taste. B．Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.C．Itisusuallypositive. D．Itisopenforimagination.15．WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?A．Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists. B．Tostressthethemeofthisissue.C．Toencouragewritingforthemagazine. D．Torecommendtheirnewbooks.【答案】12．A13．C14．B15．B【解析】12．根據(jù)第一段““Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.(“我不喜歡這個結(jié)局，”我對我最喜歡的大學(xué)教授說。那是我大三的時候，我正在做一項關(guān)于維多利亞文學(xué)的獨立研究。我剛剛讀完喬治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，讀到結(jié)尾我很傷心。格雷西教授耐心地讓我考慮一下，不要只看我喜不喜歡)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是為了討論小說。故選A。根據(jù)第二段“Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(懸疑小說).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.(這對我來說是一個頓悟的時刻，我再也沒有想過同樣的結(jié)局。從那時起，如果我想讀一個保證幸福的結(jié)局，我就會選一部愛情小說。如果我想要一個我猜不到的結(jié)局，我會選一本神秘小說。一種是我知道會發(fā)生什么，歷史小說。選擇讀什么變得更容易了)”可知，見過格雷西教授后，作者意識到了每種類型的文學(xué)都有其獨特的結(jié)局。故選C。根據(jù)第三段“Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat’sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.(但是寫出結(jié)局——那很難。對作家來說很難，因為結(jié)局對讀者來說意義重大。你必須平衡創(chuàng)造一個不可預(yù)測的結(jié)局，但這個結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來，要適合角色的設(shè)定)”可知，人們對一個好結(jié)局的期望是結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來，要適合角色的設(shè)定，也就是符合故事的發(fā)展。故選B。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.(這就是為什么這期《Writer’sDigest》旨在幫助你找出如何為你正在寫的任何類型的作品寫出最好的結(jié)局。如果是短篇小說，彼得·蒙特福德分解了六種技巧，你可以嘗試看看哪一種能幫助你完美著陸。伊麗莎白·西姆斯分析了五部偉大小說的最后幾章，看看它們包含了哪些關(guān)鍵點，以及你如何將它們應(yīng)用到你的作品中)”可知，作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊麗莎白·西姆斯是為了強調(diào)這期《Writer’sDigest》的主題，即幫助讀者寫出更好的結(jié)尾。故選B。Whatismoderation(適度)?Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.16Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.17Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone,“speciallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer,oftenleadstomindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.18Controlemotional(情緒的)eating.19Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.Butbylearninghealthierwaystomanageemotions,youcanregaincontroloverthefoodyoueatandyourfeelings.20Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陳代謝),whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday.Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14—16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou'remostactiveandgivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreakeachdaymayhelptoregulateweight.A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C．Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D．Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E．Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F．Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G．Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.【答案】16．F17．C18．E19．B20．A【解析】16．上文“Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds,Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.(基本上，它意味著只吃你身體需要的食物，你應(yīng)該在用餐結(jié)束時感到滿足，但不要太飽)”指出，進餐時不要吃太飽，吃東西要適量。下文“Butitdoesn’tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.(但這并不意味著要告別你喜歡的食物)”指出，適量進食不是要放棄吃自己喜歡的食物。F項“對我們許多人來說，節(jié)制意味著比現(xiàn)在吃的少。”解釋了何為適量進食。承上啟下，符合文意，選項中的“means”與下文一致。故選F。根據(jù)上文“Takeyourtime.It’simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.(慢慢來。放慢腳步，把食物看作是有營養(yǎng)的東西，而不僅僅是會議間隙吃的東西，這一點很重要)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者吃東西要細嚼慢咽，不要過于急躁。C項“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一頓飯?！背薪由衔摹７衔囊?。故選C。上文“It’smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.(如果你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了不健康的零食，比如餅干，那么適量食用就更具挑戰(zhàn)性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于適度飲食，E項“相反，你應(yīng)該選擇健康的食物?！狈衔囊?，建議讀者選擇健康的食物。選項中的“healthy”與上文中的“unhealthy”相對應(yīng)。故選E。19．根據(jù)本段首句“Controlemotional(情緒的)eating.(控制情緒化進食)”以及下文“Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.(我們中的許多人也會求助于食物來處理不愉快的情緒，如悲傷、孤獨或無聊)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者不要情緒化的進行暴飲暴食，要進行健康飲食。B項“我們吃東西并不總是為了充饑?！敝赋鲇行┤顺詵|西并不總是為了充饑，引出下文有些人通過食物發(fā)泄情緒。故選B。20．總結(jié)全段，下文“Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陳代謝),whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday,Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14—16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.(健康的早餐可以啟動你的新陳代謝，而吃少量健康的食物可以讓你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜進食。盡量早點吃晚飯，禁食14—16個小時，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我們在一天中的每個時間段都要健康飲食。A項“全天合理飲食”。故選A。二、完形填空Oneday,wehadafamilydinner.Whiletheadultswerebusywiththeirserioustalkoutside,Iwasleftaloneinthe21tohelpmygrandmotherwashdishes.22mygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood.BornjustbeforeWWII,mygrandmother23anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine.Shedidnothaveachancetogoto24.Likeintypicalfamilies,whereboyswere25muchmorethangirls,mygrandmahadtostayathometodo26.Theonlyopportunity(機會)shecouldseizeto27waswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese28withthefamilytutor.Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable,listening29.ThistrainingtaughthertoreadandwriteherChineseupsidedown—askillthathasturnedouttobequite30,especiallywheneverwesharethenewspaper.Onmostweekends,mygrandmother,ayounggirlthen,andherbrotherwouldgotothe31.There,theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater,sitdowncross-leggedunderwaterandholdtheir32whiletheywatchedallactiongoingonaroundthem.ThisissomethingI33—herabilitytoopenher34underwaterandstillsitcomfortablyontheseabed.Mychildhoodisquite35comparedwithhers.Iam36thatIdidnotneedto37thehardshipslikeshedid.I'veneverfacedtheproblemof38.Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersonto39to:herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbooks40.21．A．sittingroom B．kitchen C．yard D．dininghall22．A．Asalways B．Bytheway C．Forexample D．Hereandnow23．A．a(chǎn)djusted B．promoted C．a(chǎn)chieved D．experienced24．A．work B．school C．court D．press25．A．favored B．tolerated C．trusted D．a(chǎn)cknowledged26．A．gardening B．homework C．business D．housework27．A．exercise B．study C．explore D．teach28．A．food B．guests C．lessons D．tea29．A．closely B．directly C．nervously D．freely30．A．professional B．a(chǎn)wkward C．simple D．practical31．A．market B．mountain C．beach D．class32．A．secret B．breath C．view D．tongue33．A．a(chǎn)dmire B．notice C．a(chǎn)dopt D．value34．A．hands B．mouth C．eyes D．a(chǎn)rms35．A．difficult B．complex C．happy D．similar36．A．grateful B．surprised C．convinced D．regretful37．A．reflectupon B．gothrough C．a(chǎn)skabout D．preparefor38．A．unemployment B．health C．education D．communication39．A．a(chǎn)ttend B．refer C．lead D．talk40．A．cometrue B．comeround C．comeout D．comealive【答案】21．B22．A23．D24．B25．A26．D27．B28．C29．A30．D31．C32．B33．A34．C35．C36．A37．B38．C39．D40．D【解析】21．。句意：當(dāng)大人們在外面忙于嚴(yán)肅的談話時，我一個人留在廚房里幫奶奶洗碗。A.sittingroom客廳；B.kitchen廚房；C.yard院子；D.dininghall餐廳。根據(jù)下文“tohelpmygrandmotherwashdishes”可推知，此處指作者在廚房洗碗。故選B。句意：一如既往地，我的祖母會給我講她童年的故事。Asalways一如既往；B.Bytheway順便說一句；C.Forexample例如；D.Hereandnow此時此地。根據(jù)語境，結(jié)合下文“mygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood”可推知，此處指作者的祖母經(jīng)常給作者講童年故事，這次一如既往的給作者講她童年的故事。故選A。句意：我的祖母出生在二戰(zhàn)前夕，她的童年生活方式與我的完全不同。A.adjusted調(diào)整；B.promoted促進；C.achieved完成；D.experienced經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine”可推知，此處指祖母經(jīng)歷的童年與作者的不同。故選D。句意：她沒有機會上學(xué)。A.work工作；B.school學(xué)校；C.court法院；D.press出版社。根據(jù)下文“Theonlyopportunityshecouldseizeto____7____waswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese____8____withthefamilytutor”可推知，此處在指祖母生活的年代，她是沒有機會上學(xué)的。故選B。句意：就像典型的重男輕女的家庭一樣，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家務(wù)。A.favored贊成；B.tolerated容忍；C.trusted信任；D.acknowledged承認(rèn)。根據(jù)上文“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.Likeintypicalfamilies”并結(jié)合語境可推知，此處指作者祖母生活的年代是重男輕女的，所以祖母才不被允許上學(xué)。故選A。句意：就像典型的重男輕女的家庭一樣，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家務(wù)。A.gardening園藝；B.homework家庭作業(yè)；C.business商務(wù)；D.housework家務(wù)。結(jié)合語境，再根據(jù)上文“mygrandmahadtostayathome”可推知，此處指作者祖母在家里做家務(wù)。故選D。句意：她唯一能抓住的學(xué)習(xí)機會是當(dāng)她的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語文課的時候。A.exercise鍛煉；B.study學(xué)習(xí)；C.explore探索；D.teach教學(xué)。根據(jù)上文“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.”以及下文“withthefamilytutor”可推知，此處指祖母不被允許上學(xué)，自己找機會學(xué)習(xí)。故選B。句意：她唯一能抓住的學(xué)習(xí)機會是當(dāng)她的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語文課的時候。A.food食物；B.guests客人；C.lessons課程；D.tea茶。根據(jù)上文“havingChinese”以及下文“withthefamilytutor”可推知，此處指祖母的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語文課。故選C。句意：她會安靜地坐在長長的餐桌的另一端，仔細地聽著。A.closely仔細地、緊密地；B.directly直接地；C.nervously緊張地；D.freely自由地。根據(jù)上文“TheonlyopportunityshecouldseizetostudywaswhenherbrotherwashavingChineselessonswiththefamilytutor.Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable”可推知，此處指祖母抓住學(xué)習(xí)機會，仔細地旁聽學(xué)習(xí)。故選A。句意：這項訓(xùn)練教會了她把中文倒過來讀和寫——這項技能被證明是非常實用的，尤其是當(dāng)我們分享報紙的時候。A.professional專業(yè)的；B.awkward令人尷尬的；C.simple簡單的；D.practical實用的。根據(jù)上文“ThistrainingtaughthertoreadandwriteherChineseupsidedown”以及下文“especiallywheneverwesharethenewspaper”可推知，此處指祖母學(xué)會的技能是非常實用的。故選D。句意：在大多數(shù)周末，我的祖母，當(dāng)時還是個小女孩，和她的哥哥會去海灘。A.market市場；B.mountain山；C.beach海灘；D.class班級。根據(jù)下文“theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater,sitdowncross-leggedunderwater”可推知，此處指祖母和哥哥去海灘玩水。故選C。句意：在那里，他們會穿過深水，盤腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看著周圍發(fā)生的一切。A.secret秘密；B.breath呼吸；C.view視野；D.tongue舌頭。根據(jù)上文“theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater,sitdowncross-leggedunderwater”可推知，此處指祖母和哥哥在水下屏住呼吸。故選B。句意：我很欽佩她在水下張開嘴，還能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A.admire欽佩；B.notice注意到；C.adopt采納；D.value重視。根據(jù)下文“herabilitytoopenher____14____underwaterandstillsitcomfortablyontheseabed”可推知，此處指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故選A。句意：我很欽佩她在水下張開嘴，還能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A.hands手；B.mouth嘴；C.eyes眼睛；D.arms胳膊。根據(jù)上文“openher”以及下文“stillsitcomfortablyontheseabed”可推知，此處指祖母張開嘴在水底坐著。故選C。句意：與她的童年相比，我的童年相當(dāng)快樂。A.difficult困難的；B.complex復(fù)雜的；C.happy快樂的；D.similar相似的。通讀全文，再根據(jù)“comparedwithhers”可推知，此處指與祖母的童年經(jīng)歷相比，作者的童年相當(dāng)快樂。故選C。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那樣經(jīng)歷磨難。A.grateful感激的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.

convinced深信不疑的；D.regretful后悔的。根據(jù)上文“Mychildhoodisquitehappycomparedwithhers.”可推知，此處指作者很感激自己的童年是快樂的。故選A。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那樣經(jīng)歷磨難。A.reflectupon思考；B.gothrough經(jīng)歷；C.askabout詢問；D.preparefor準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)上文“IamgratefulthatIdidnotneed”以及下文“thehardshipslikeshedid”可推知，此處指作者感激自己不需要經(jīng)歷祖母經(jīng)歷過的那些磨難。故選B。句意：我從來沒有遇到過受教育的問題。A.unemployment失業(yè)；B.health健康；C.education教育；D.communication溝通。通讀全文，再根據(jù)上文“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.”可推知，文章主要講了祖母不被允許上學(xué)，沒受過教育的困境，所以此處指作者從來沒有遇到過受教育的問題。故選C。句意：我想是我們不同的童年背景讓我的祖母成為了一個交談時令人驚嘆的人：她的故事總是讓我的歷史教科書鮮活起來。A.attend出席；B.refer參考；C.lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；D.talk對話、討論。結(jié)合上文祖母給作者講故事，再根據(jù)上文“makesmygrandmothersuchanamazingperson”可推知，此處指祖母的經(jīng)歷使祖母成為了一個交談時令人驚嘆的人。talkto“與某人交談”。故選D。句意：我想是我們不同的童年背景讓我的祖母成為了一個交談時令人驚嘆的人：她的故事總是讓我的歷史教科書鮮活起來。A.cometrue成真；B.comeround蘇醒；C.comeout出現(xiàn)；D.comealive變得生動。根據(jù)上文“Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersontotalkto:herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbooks”可推知，此處指作者祖母的經(jīng)歷和故事豐富了作者的人生，使歷史書上的故事變得生動鮮活，躍然紙上。故選D。三、語法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tend41(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.Theyare42(treasure)ofAmericanheritage(遺產(chǎn)).Howdidthenationalparksystemcomeabout?Onacool,starrynightinmid-September1870,fourmenrelaxedbeforeacampfirealongtheFireholeRiverin43isnownorthwesternWyoming.They44(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.Whatshould45(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.Thisarea,with46(it)uniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreserved47allpeopleofthenationtoenjoy—asanationalpark.Theyallagreedandvowed(承諾)topromotetheideaatthe48(complete)oftheirjourney.Theirpromotionalworkpaidoff.Twoyearslater,18yearsbeforeWyomingbecameastate,YellowstonebecamethefirstnationalparkintheUnitedStatesandtheworld.Yellowstonewasthe49(large)UnitedStatesnationalpark—2.2millionacres—untilWrangell-SaintEliasinsouthernAlaska,50becameanationalmonumentin1978,tookthehonorsasanationalparkin1980with12.3millionacres.【答案】41．tocatch42．treasures43．what44．were45．bedone46．its47．for48．completion49．largest50．which【解析】41句意：盡管各級都有各種規(guī)模和類型的公園，但國家公園尤其吸引我們的注意，因為它們體積大，種類繁多。固定搭配：tendtodosth.，表示“傾向于做某事”，不定式作賓語，故填tocatch。42．句意：它們是美國傳統(tǒng)的瑰寶。treasure表示“寶藏”，為可數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合前文theyare，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填treasures。43．