2023年全球趨勢(shì)報(bào)告-GLOBAL TRENDS FORCED DISPLACEMENT IN 2023

《iyuNHCR

TheUNRefugeeAgency

GLOBALTRENDS

FORCED

DISPLACEMENTIN2023

TrendsataGlance

117.3MILLION

FORCIBLYDISPLACEDWORLDWIDE1

attheendof2023asaresultofpersecution,conflict,violence,humanrightsviolationsoreventsseriouslydisturbingpublicorder.

120M

5.8millionotherpeopleinneedof

100M

internationalprotection2

6millionPalestine

refugeesunderUNRWA’smandate

Numberofpeople

80M

6.9millionasylum-seekers

31.6millionrefugees

underUNHCR’smandate3

60M

68.3million

internallydisplacedpeople?

40M

20M

0

2014201520162017201820192020202120222023

75%

HOSTEDINLOW-ANDMIDDLE-

INCOMECOUNTRIES

Low-andmiddle-incomecountries

hosted75percentoftheworld’s

refugeesandotherpeopleinneedof

internationalprotection.5TheLeastDevelopedCountriesprovided

asylumto21percentofthetotal.

HOSTEDINNEIGHBOURING

COUNTRIES

69%

69percentofrefugeesandotherpeopleinneedofinternational

protectionlivedincountries

neighbouringtheircountriesoforigin.

1IN5

AREDISPLACED

Relativetotheirnationalpopulations,6theislandofAruba(1in5)and

Lebanon(1in6)hostedthelargest

numberofrefugeesandotherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotection,

followedbyMontenegro(1in9),

Cura?ao(1in13)andJordan(1in16).7

Aruba

1in5

Lebanon

1in6

Montenegro

1in9

Cura?ao

1in13

Jordan

1in16

3.6

MILLIONNEWCLAIMS

TheUnitedStatesofAmerica

wastheworld’slargestrecipientofnewindividualapplications.

UnitedStatesofAmerica

1.2million

Germany

329,100

Egypt

183,100

Spain

163,200

Canada

146,800

2UNHCR>GLOBALTRENDS2023

DEMOGRAPHICSOFPEOPLEWHOHAVEBEENFORCIBLYDISPLACEDEND-2023

Childrenaccountfor30percentoftheworld’spopulation,but40percentofallforciblydisplacedpeople.8MALEFEMALE

60+

18-59

0-17

ForciblydisplacedWorldpopulation

3%

4%

6%

8%

27%

28%

26%

28%

20%

20%

15%

14%

DISCLAIMER:?guresdonotaddupto100percentduetorounding.

32,200

STATELESSPEOPLE

RECEIVED

CITIZENSHIP

6.1

MILLION

DISPLACEDPEOPLE

RETURNED

6.1milliondisplacedpeople

returnedtotheirareasorcountriesoforiginin2023,including5.1

millioninternallydisplacedpeopleandover1millionrefugees.

32,200statelesspeoplehadtheirnationalityconfirmedoracquiredcitizenshipduringtheyear.

SOLUTIONS

158,700

REFUGEESRESETTLED

158,700refugeeswereresettledin

2023,accordingtogovernmentstatistics.UNHCRsubmitted

155,500refugeestoStatesforresettlement.

1ThetotalnumberofpeopleforciblydisplacediscalculatedusingstatisticsbyUNHCR,UNRWAandIDMC.See

UNHCRpopulationgroupsexplained

for

moreinformation.UNRWAestimatesthat70percentofthe1.7millionIDPsintheGazaStripatend-2023werePalestinerefugeesunderitsmandate.TheseinternallydisplacedrefugeesunderUNRWA’smandateareonlycountedonceintheglobalforceddisplacementtotal.

2Seethe

definitionofotherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotectionontheRefugeeDataFinder

.

3AllreferencesinthisinfographictorefugeesunderUNHCR’smandateincludespeopleinrefugee-likesituations.

4Source:InternalDisplacementMonitoringCentre(IDMC).

5SeeKeyfactsforcountrieshostingtheworld’srefugees.

6Limitedtocountrieshostingatleast10,000people.ExcludesPalestinerefugeesunderUNRWA’smandate.

7Lebanoncontinuestobethehighest,percapita,hostcountryforrefugeesglobally,withagovernmentestimateof1.5millionSyrians(some785,000

registeredbyUNHCR)and11,200asylum-seekersandrefugeesofothernationalities.Whenthe492,800PalestinerefugeesinLebanonand2.4millionPalestinerefugeesinJordanregisteredwithUNRWAareincluded,theproportionsinLebanonandJordanincreasetooneinthree.RefugeepopulationestimatesinMontenegrowillbeupdatedin2024oncethecensusresultsarepublished.

8Sources:EstimationofIDPdemographics(IDMC);PalestinerefugeesunderUNRWA’smandate(UNRWA);Refugees,peopleinarefugee-likesituation,asylum-seekersandotherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotectionarebasedontheavailabledata(UNHCR)andWorldPopulationestimates(UNDepartmentof

EconomicandSocialAffairs).

UNHCR>GLOBALTRENDS20233

4UNHCR>GLOBALTRENDS2023

Statisticsforforciblydisplacedandallotherpeopleprotected/assistedbyUNHCR

Thisreport’smainfocusistheanalysisofchanges

andtrendsinforceddisplacementfromJanuaryto

December2023amongpeoplecoveredbyUNHCR,theUNRefugeeAgency’smandate.9Thedata

presentedarebasedoninformationreceivedasof17May2024unlessotherwiseindicated.

Attheendof2023,thenumberofforciblydisplacedpeopleworldwidewasestimatedat117.3million.10

ThisfigureencompassesrefugeesunderUNHCR’s

mandateaswellasPalestinerefugeesunderthe

UnitedNationsReliefandWorksAgencyforPalestine

RefugeesintheNearEast(UNRWA)’smandate,

asylum-seekers,internallydisplacedpeople(IDPs)

andotherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotection.

UNHCRalsoestimatesthepopulationthatUNHCR

protectsand/orassists.Thisincludesthosewhohavebeenforciblydisplaced(refugees,asylum-seekers,

internallydisplacedpeopleandotherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotection);thosewhohavereturnedhomewithinthepreviousyear;thosewhoare

stateless(mostofwhomarenotforciblydisplaced);andothergroupstowhomUNHCRhasextendeditsprotectionorprovidedassistanceonahumanitarianbasis.Attheendof2023thisfigurestoodat122.6millionpeople.

Thesetwocategorizationsarecomparedgraphicallybelow.AdetailedbreakdownofthepopulationthatUNHCRprotectsand/orassistsisprovidedinthe

AnnexTables

bycategoryandcountry.

Thefiguresinthisreportarebasedondatareportedbygovernments,non-

governmentalorganizationsandUNHCR.Numbersareroundedtotheclosesthundred

orthousand.AssomeadjustmentsmayappearlaterintheyearintheRefugeeDataFinder,11figurescontainedinthisreportshouldbeconsideredasprovisionaland

subjecttochange.Unlessotherwisespecified,thereportdoesnotrefertoeventsoccurringafter31December2023.

Viewmapsshowingtotalsbypopulationgroupandcountry

.

Viewannextablesbycategoryandcountry.

9Seethe

Methodology

pageofUNHCR’sRefugeeDataFinderforadefinitionofeachpopulationgroup.

10Seefootnote1.

11SeeUNHCR’s

RefugeeDataFinder

.

UNHCR>GLOBALTRENDS20235

Forciblydisplacedpeople117.3million12

PopulationUNHCRprotectsand/orassists122.6million

RefugeesunderUNHCR’smandate

31.6M

63.3M

Includesbothrefugeesandpeopleinrefugee-likesituations.Usedconsistentlyinbothcategorizations.

NotincludedinthepopulationthatUNHCRprotectsand/orassists.

Usedconsistentlyinbothcategorizations.

Usedconsistentlyinbothcategorizations.

Thebiggestdi?erencebetweenthetwocategorizationsiswithpeoplewhohavebeeninternallydisplaced.Whenpresentinthesestatistics,UNHCRappliestwodi?erentsources:

IDMC’sIDPstatisticscollatethetotalforciblydisplacedwhilethose

IDPsprotected/assistedbyUNHCRareincludedinthetotalpopulationthatUNHCRismandatedtoprotectand/orassist.

ThetwosourcesofIDPdatavarysigni?cantlyincertaincountries.Globally,IDMCreports68.3millionIDPswhileUNHCRreports

63.3millioncon?ict-a?ectedIDPsatend-2023.

Intotal,UNHCRreports4.4millionstatelesspeople.About1.3millionstatelesspeopleworldwidearealsodisplaced.Mostofthemare

Rohingya,eitherinternallydisplacedinMyanmarorrefugees,mostlyinneighbouringcountries.These1.3millionareonlycounted

asforciblydisplacedwhencalculatingthetotalpopulationthatUNHCRprotectsand/orassiststoavoiddoublecounting.

OnlyincludedinthepopulationthatUNHCRprotectsand/orassistsforaperiodof12months.

OnlyincludedinthepopulationthatUNHCRprotectsand/orassistsforaperiodof12months.

OnlyincludedinthepopulationthatUNHCRprotectsand/orassists.

Notincludedineithercategorization.

6M

PalestinerefugeesunderUNRWA’smandate

6.9M

Asylum-seekers

5.8M

Otherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotection

68.3M

InternallyDisplacedPeople(IDPs)

Statelesspeople

IDPreturns

4.4M

1.1M

Refugeereturns

5.1M

6M

OthersofconcerntoUNHCR

Hostcommunity

26.1M

12Seefootnote1.

CHAPTER1

+

EXPLORETHEDATA

+

Demographicsofforciblydisplaced

CHAPTER1

GlobalForcedDisplacement

Behindthesestarkandrisingnumbersliecountlesshumantragedies.Thatsufferingmustgalvanizetheinternationalcommunitytoacturgentlytotackle

therootcausesofforceddisplacement.

FilippoGrandi

UNHighCommissionerforRefugees

Anestimated117.3millionpeopleremainedforciblydisplacedattheendof2023,havingbeenforced

tofleepersecution,conflict,violence,humanrightsviolationsandeventsseriouslydisturbingpublic

order.13Thisconstitutesariseof8percentor8.8millionpeoplecomparedtotheendof2022andcontinuesaseriesofyear-on-yearincreasesoverthelast12years.Onein69peoplegloballyor

1.5percentoftheentireworld’spopulationwasforciblydisplaced,nearlydoubletheonein125

peopleadecadeago.Basedonoperationaldata,UNHCRestimatesthatforceddisplacementhas

continuedtoincreaseinthefirstfourmonthsof

2024andbytheendofApril2024islikelytohaveexceeded120million.14

Duringtheyear,theglobalrefugeepopulation

increasedby7percenttoreach43.4million.This

reflectsnewdisplacement,primarilyfromSudan,

aswellasrevisedrefugeepopulationfiguresintheIslamicRepublicofIran,PakistanandGermany.15

Theend-yeartotalincludes5.8millionotherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotection,predominantly

fromVenezuela,halfamillionpeoplemorethanatend-2022,asGovernmentpopulationestimates

inColombiaandBrazilwererevisedupwards.Italsoincludes6millionPalestinerefugeesunderUNRWA’smandate.

Thenumberofnewindividualasylumapplications

surgedduringtheyear,with3.6millionrecorded.

However,therewasa17percentdropintheoverallnumberofpeopleseekinginternationalprotectionin

13Seefootnote1.

14ThisestimationisbasedonUNHCR’snowcastingforrefugeesandasylum-seekers,UNRWA’sestimatesofPalestinerefugeesundertheir

mandateattheendofMarch2024aswellasoperationaldatafromcountrieswithlargenumbersofpeoplewhoareinternallydisplacedusingIDMC’send-2023figuresasabaseline.

15Followingverificationandregistrationexercises,thenumberofAfghansclassifiedaspeopleinrefugee-likesituationswasrevisedintheIslamicRepublicofIranandPakistan.InGermany,refugeesintheprocessofpermitrenewalwerere-includedinthecountry’srefugee

population,reversingatemporarymethodologicalchangein2022.

6UNHCR>GLOBALTRENDS2023

CHAPTER1

UNHCR>GLOBALTRENDS20237

2023to5.6million,16primarilyduetolowernumbersofrefugeesfromUkraineapplyingforandbeing

grantedtemporaryprotection,mainlyinEuropean

countries.Thetotalnumberofasylum-seekers

waitingforadecisionbytheendoftheyearroseby

26percentto6.9millionasnewindividualasylumapplicationsoutpacedsubstantivedecisionson

these.AccordingtodatabytheInternalDisplacementMonitoringCentre,thenumberofinternallydisplacedpeopleduetoconflictsgrewsharplyby5.8milliontoreach68.3millionattheendof2023.

Forceddisplacementisaconsequenceofthefailuretoupholdpeaceandsecurity.Thefrequency,extent,durationandintensityofconflictsasmeasuredby

conflict-relatedfatalities17iscloselycorrelatedwith

thenumberofpeopleforcedtofleeineachyear,

bothwithintheirowncountriesaswellastoother

countries.18Intotal,atleast27.2millionpeoplewereforcedtofleeduring2023,19withoneinfourfleeingtoanothercountry.Asshowninfigure1,asconflict-relatedfatalitieshaveincreased,sotoohasthe

numberofpeopleforcedtoflee.Duringthelast25

years,theaveragenumberofpeopleforcedtofleeinayearhasbeen14.3million,whilebetween2021and2023alone,thisaveragehasexceeded27.8million,nearlydoublethe25-yearaverage.Clearly,the

intensityofrecentconflictshasgrown.20

Figure1|Comparingconflict-relatedfatalitieswiththenumberofinternallydisplacedpeople,

refugees,21asylum-seekersandotherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotectionforcedtofleeduringeachyear|2009-2023

Con?ict

Con?ictfatalities

Internaldisplacement

Refugees,asylum-seekersandotherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotection

40M

30M

Displacedpopulation

20M

10M

0

fatalities400K

300K

200K

100K

0

200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023

16Includesnewindividualasylumapplicationsandpeoplereceivingrecognitionthroughgroupproceduresaswellasthosegrantedtemporaryprotection.

17Conflict-relateddeathsprovidedbythe

UppsalaConflictDataProgram

.Datafor2023issourcedfromtheUCDPCandidateEventDataset,withconflicteventswiththehighestdegreeofuncertaintyexcluded(codestatusequals“Check”).FatalitiescombineState-basedviolence,non-Stateviolenceandone-sidedviolence.

18Includingasrefugees,asylum-seekersandotherpeopleinneedofinternationalprotection.

19Thisfigureincludesestimatesofnewinternaldisplacements.Theserefertomovements,andareacomprehensivecumulativefigureof

displacement.Dependingoncertainsituationsthesamepeoplecanbedisplacedseveraltimesoveragivenperiodandwouldthereforebereportedmultipletimesinthecumulativefigures.

20

SeeArmedConflictSurvey2023

,IISS.

21Includingpeopleinrefugee-likesituations.

CHAPTER1

Keydisplacementsituationsin2023

ConflictinSudanbrokeoutinApril2023betweentheSudaneseArmedForcesandtheRapidSupportForces,causingoneofthelargesthumanitarian

anddisplacementcrisesintheworld.Asescalating

violencequicklyspreadfromthecapital,Khartoum,tootherpartsofthecountry,morethan6millionpeopleinSudanhadbeenforcedtofleebytheendofthe

year,withafurther1.2millionfleeingtoneighbouring

countries.ThenumberofSudaneserefugeesand

asylum-seekersgloballyincreasedbyatleast826,800duringtheyeartoreach1.8million,almostallofwhomwerehostedbyneighbouringcountries,includingtheCentralAfricanRepublic,Chad,Egypt,Ethiopiaand

SouthSudan.Inthesecountries,nationallegaland

policyframeworksincluderefugeesinpublicservices,suchasdocumentation,education,healthcareand

socialhousingdespitestillunder-developedsystems,accessbarriersanddifferentstandardsinsome

situations.Intotal,10.8millionSudaneseremained

forciblydisplacedatend-year.Astheconflictrageson,thousandsarestillbeingdisplaceddaily,morethan

oneyearafteritbegan.22AsofMay2024,operationaldataindicatesthenumberofnewdisplacementssinceApril2023hasrisentomorethan7.1millionwithinthecountry,withafurther1.9millionpeoplearrivingin

neighbouringcountries.23

Priortothewar,thecountrywasalreadyfacinga

direhumanitariansituation,with3.6millionpeopleinternallydisplaced.Thisfigureroseto9.1million,

thelargestnumberofpeopleeverrecordedto

haveremaineddisplacedwithintheirowncountry

atend-year.Hungeriswidespreadinthecountry,

withmorethan20millionpeople(42percentof

theentirepopulation)facingacutefoodinsecurity,

especiallyinconflictareasthatarehardtoreach.24OnemillionrefugeesalsolivedinSudanpriortothelatestconflict,primarilyfromEritrea,Ethiopia,SouthSudanandtheSyrianArabRepublic.Manyhave

nowbeenforcedtoreturntotheirhomecountries

prematurelyormoveontoothercountries,often

arrivinginremoteanddifficult-to-accesslocations

thatlackessentialservices.Forexample,estimates

indicatethattheconflictforcednearly400,000SouthSudaneserefugeestoleaveSudanandreturnto

SouthSudan.EvenasrefugeeswereforcedtoleaveSudan,severalhundredthousandrefugeesremainedinSudan-thecountrytheyhadsoughtrefugein.Thisincludesthosewhohavebeenrepeatedlydisplacedwithinthecountryastheconflictunfolded.

ConflictintheGazaStripintheStateofPalestine

hashadadevastatingtollonthePalestiniancivilian

population.25Thehumanitariansituationisextremelydire,withlevelsofhungersowidespreadwithallof

the2.2millioninhabitantsfacingacutefoodinsecurityandanimminentthreatoffamine.26UNRWAestimatesthatbetweenOctoberandDecember2023,upto1.7millionpeople(orover75percentofthepopulation)havebeendisplacedwithintheGazaStrip,withsomehavingbeenforcedtofleemultipletimes.27Bythe

endof2023,therewere6millionPalestinerefugeesunderUNRWA’smandate,1.6millionofwhomwere

intheGazaStrip.28UNRWAestimatesthattwo-thirdsofthePalestinerefugeesunderitsmandateinthe

GazaStriphavebecomeinternallydisplacedin2023,compoundingexistingvulnerabilities.

Morethan1.3millionpeoplehavebeendisplaced

withinMyanmarin2023byescalatingviolence

followingthemilitarytakeoverinFebruary2021,

bringingthetotalnumberofIDPsinthecountry

tomorethan2.6millionbytheendof2023.An

additional1.3millionrefugeesandasylum-seekers

fromMyanmarwerehostedinothercountries.NearlyonemillionarestatelessRohingyarefugees,most

ofwhomfledMyanmarsevenyearsago.Mostlive

inCox’sBazarrefugeecampinBangladesh,wheredependencyonhumanitarianaidiswidespreadandthesecuritysituationisdeteriorating.29DesperationinthesecampsisdrivingRohingyarefugeestorisktheirlivesondangeroussearoutestoIndonesia

andMalaysia,whichhavebeendescribedasamong

22See

ThousandsstillfleeingSudandaily,afteroneyearofwar,UNHCR

.

23See

OperationalDataPortal-SudanSituation,UNHCR

.

24See

2024GlobalReportonFoodCrisis

,FoodSecurityInformationNetwork.

25See

StatementbyPrincipalsoftheInter-AgencyStandingCommittee

,UNHCR.

26See

2024GlobalReportonFoodCrisis:FocusGazaStrip

,FoodSecurityInformationNetwork.

27See

SituationReport#67,UNRWA

.

28The6millionPalestinerefugeesunderUNRWA’smandateareinGaza,WestBank,Jordan,LebanonandSyria.Inaddition,thereare41,100

PalestinianrefugeesunderUNHCR’smandateinothercountries.Thisrepresentsadecreaseof63,300fromend-2022astheestimated

numberofPalestinianrefugeesunderUNHCR’smandateinEgyptwasreviseddownwards.UNRWAdefinesPalestinerefugeesas“persons

whosenormalplaceofresidencewasPalestineduringtheperiod1June1946to15May1948,andwholostbothhomeandmeansoflivelihoodasaresultofthe1948conflict.”See

Whoweare

,UNRWA.

29See

2024JointResponsePlanRohingyaHumanitarianCrisis,UNHCR

.

8UNHCR>GLOBALTRENDS2023

CHAPTER1

UNHCR>GLOBALTRENDS20239

thedeadliestintheworld.EstimatesshowthatoneRohingyadiedorwentmissingforeveryeightwhoattemptedthejourneyin2023.30

Globally,nearly10.9millionAfghansremained

displaced,almostallwithintheircountryorin

neighbouringcountries.In2023,thenumberof

Afghanrefugees31reportedgloballyincreasedby741,400toreach6.4million,mostlyreflectingnewpopulationestimatesreportedbyboththeIslamicRepublicofIranandPakistan.Opportunitiesfor

sustainablereturnremainlimited,asalmosthalf

thepopulationofmorethan40millionpeoplein

Afghanistanfaceacutefoodinsecurity,andmillions

remaindisplacedfromtheirhomeswithinthecountry.

Aftertheescalationofthewarin2022,displacementwithinandfromUkrainecontinued,albeitataslowerratethanduringthepreviousyear.Approximately

three-quartersofamillionpeoplebecamenewly

internallydisplaced,primarilyineasternandsouthernUkraine,wherefightingwasmostintenseduring2023.Reflectingrevisedestimationmethodologies,aswell

asreturnmovements,thenumberofpeopleremaininginternallydisplacedinUkrainebytheendof2023

decreasedto3.7million.ThenumberofUkrainian

refugeesandasylum-seekersincreasedby275,500to6million.Attheendoftheyear,anestimatedone-sixthoftheUkrainianpre-warpopulationhadfledabroad.

Whilstnewestimatesindicatethatupto1.3million

internallydisplacedpeopleandatleast324,600

refugeesreturnedduring2023,itremainshighly

challengingtoaccuratelyquantifysuchmovements.Atend-year,atotalof9.7millionUkrainiansremainedforciblydisplaced.

IntheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo,a

resurgenceoffightingintheeasternpartofthe

countryhasexacerbatedahumanitarianemergencywherelarge-scaleforceddisplacementstartednearlytwodecadesago.Duringtheyear,3.8millionpeoplewerenewlyinternallydisplaced,while1.8millionIDPswereestimatedtohavereturnedduringthesame

period,and6.7millionpeopleremainedinternallydisplacedinthecountryattheendof2023.

Somaliacontinuedtoexperiencepersistentinsecurity

in2023aswellasweatherextremes,withflashfloods

inApril2023,afterfiveconsecutivefailedrainyseasons.Duringtheyear,673,000Somalisweredisplacedwithin

theircountryduetoconflict,withafurther2millionnewinternaldisplacementscausedbydisasters.Some20

countriesaroundtheworld,hostingmillionsofrefugees,asylum-seekersandinternallydisplacedpeople,are

experiencingincreasingrisksofclimate-relatedhazardsaswellasconflicts(see“Forceddisplacementinthe

contextoftheadverseeffectsofclimatechangeand

conflict”onpage23).InSomalia,3.9millionpeople

remaineddisplacedinthecountryatend-year,andthenumberofSomaliswhosoughtinternationalprotectionalsoroseby177,600to1million,mostofwhomwereinKenyaandEthiopia.

Elsewhere,indiscriminategangviolenceinHaiti

hascausedasurgeinhumanrightsviolations,with311,000peopleremainingdisplacedwithintheir

countryattheendoftheyear.Nearlyhalfofthecountry’s11.4millionpeoplerequirehumanitarianassistance.32ThenumberofHaitianrefugeesandasylum-seekersrosesharplyby68percentto

350,600.HostilitiesinSyriaflaredupin2023,with

thenumberofpeopledisplacedwithinthecountry

growingby174,000tostandat7.2millionatend-year.

Including6.5millionSyrianrefugeesandasylum-

seekers,atotalof13.8millionSyriansremained

forciblydisplacedin137countriesatend-year.A

further141,900refugeesfledtoArmenia,withmostofthemarrivingafterrenewedarmedconflictintheSouthCaucasusregioninSeptember2023.

Theimportanceofdatain

providingsolutionsforthoseforcedtoflee

Mostforciblydisplacedpeopleremainwithin

theircountry(58percentatend-2023).Ofthose

seekingprotectioninanothercountry,mostremainincountriesneighbouringtheirhomecountry(69

percentofrefugeesatend-2023).However,somerefugeesandasylum-seekersresidinginsuch

countriesdonotfindsufficientprotectionandaccesstorights,nationalservicesandlabourmarketsand

thereforechoosetomoveonward.Asdescribed

inbox2below,UNHCRistakingaroute-based

approachtostrengthenprotectionandsolutionsforrefugeesandmigrantsinthecontextofmixedandonwardmovementsalongroutes.

30See

UrgentactionneededtoaddressdramaticriseinRohingyadeathsatsea

,UNHCR.

31Includingpeopleinrefugee-likesituations.

32See

In2024,approximately5.5millionHaitiansrequirehumanitarianassistance,OCHA

.

CHAPTER1

Betterdataonthoseforcedtoflee,andricheranalysisofthisdata,isalsokeytosupport

interventionsthathelpthemfindrelevantsolutions.

Suchdatamayincludedetailedfiguresonpopulationflows,includinginformationonprotectionneeds

andvulnerabilities.UNHCRisdeliveringonits

commitmenttofurtherstrengthenitsroleasatrustedleaderondataandinformationrelatedtorefugees

andotheraffectedpopulations33byleadinginitiativessuchastheForcedDisplacementSurvey(seebox1).

BOX1-UNHCR’SFORCEDDISPLACEMENTSURVEY

TheUNHCRForcedDisplacementSurvey(FDS)is

amulti-topic,nationallyrepresentativehousehold

surveydesignedforlow-andlower-middle-incomerefugee-hostingcountries.Itgeneratesstandardizedhigh-qualitysocio-economicdataonrefugeesand

asylum-seekers,aswellastheirhostcommunity.

Otherpopulationgroupscanalsobeincludedas

needed,suchasrefugeereturneesorinternally

displacedpeople