2022年山西省呂梁市高一下學(xué)期5月英語第13周周測(cè)卷

2021-2022學(xué)年山西省呂梁市高一下學(xué)期5月英語第13周周測(cè)卷第I卷（選擇題）閱讀理解AGraceHopper(December9,1906—January1,1992)ShewasacomputerscientistfromtheUnitedStates.Shedevelopedthefirstcompilerforacomputerprogramminglanguage.ShepioneeredtheideaofwritingcomputerprogramsinalanguageclosetoEnglish.Shewasinstrumentalintheestablishmentoftestingstandardsforcomputersystems.Shemadeimportantcontributionstocomputertechnology.BarbaraMcClintock(June16,1902—September2,1992)ShewasanAmericanscientistwhowontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein1983.Sheledthedevelopmentofthemaizecytogenetics(細(xì)胞遺傳學(xué)).Shediscoveredtheprocessoftranspositionandusedittodemonstratehowgenesareassociatedwiththepresenceorabsenceofcertainphysicalcharacteristicsinhumanbeings.Sheisoneofthematfamouscytogeneticistsoftheworld.Chien-ShiungWu(May31,1912—February16,1997)ShewasaChinese-Americanscientistknownforherworkinradioactivity.ShewasapartoftheManhattanprojectwhereshehelpeddeveloptheprocessofmakinguranium-235anduranium-238.Herexperimentestablishedthatweakinteractiondidnotfollowthelawofconservationofparity.ShewasawinnerofthefirstWolfPrizeinPhysicsandwasoftencomparedwithMarieCurie,givinghernicknamesliketheChineseMadameCurie.AnitaRoberts(April3,1942—May26,2006)ShewasamolecularbiologistwhowasinstrumentalinthediscoveryoftheproteinTGF-beta.Thisproteinhasthepotentialofplayingadoubleroleofblockingaswellasstimulatingcancerandithelpsinthecuringofwoundsandfractures.AnitaRobertsisoneofthemost-citedscientistsintheworld.1．WhatdoGraceHopperandBarbaraMeClintockhaveincommon?A．TheywonNobelPrize.B．TheywerefromAmerica.C．Theypassedawayatage86.D．Theystudiedcomputertechnology.2．WhatcanwelearnaboutChien-ShiungWu?A．Sheisagreatphysicist.B．ShewasastudentofMarieCurie.C．Shewasfamousforstudyinggenes.D．Shewasinstrumentalincomputertechnology.3．Whosecontributionsaregreatlybeneficialtopatients?A．GraceHopper’s. B．AnitaRoberts’.C．Chien-ShiungWu’s. D．BarbaraMcClintock’s.BToday,rollerskating(滑旱冰)iseasyandfun.Butmanyyearsago,itwasn’teasyatall.Before1745,peoplenevertriedskatingonwheels.ThatchangedbecauseofamannamedJosephMerlin.Merlin’sworkwasmakinginstruments(工具).Inhisfreetime,helikedtoplaytheviolin.Merlinwasamanwithmanyideasanddreams.Peoplecalledhimadreamer.Oneday,Merlinreceivedaninvitationtogotoanimportantparty.Hewasverypleasedandalittleexcited.Asthedayofthepartycamenear,Merlinbegantothink.Hewantedtomakeawonderfulentranceattheparty.Merlinhadanidea.Hethoughtthathewouldattractalotofattentionifhecouldskateintotheroom.Merlintrieddifferentwaystomakehimselfroll(滾動(dòng)).Finally,hedecidedtoputtwowheelsundereachshoe.Thesewerethefirstrollerskateshoes.Merlinwasveryproudofthem.Hedreamedofarrivingatthepartyandskatingintotheroomwhileplayingtheviolin.Hewassurethateveryonewouldbeverysurprised.OnthenightofthepartyMerlinrolledintotheroom,playinghisviolin.Everyonewasreallysurprisedtoseehim.Therewasjustoneproblem.Merlinhadnowaytostophisrollerskating.Herolledon,playingtheviolin.Then,withalleyesonhim,Merlinhitintoahugemirroronthewall.Themirrorbrokeintomanypieceswithaveryloudnoise.NobodyforgetMerlin’swonderfulentranceafterthat.4．WhatkindofapersonwasJosephMerlin?A．Hewasamanwithoutanyfriends.B．Hewasamanwithlotsofmoney.C．Hewasamanwithmanyideasanddreams.D．Hewasamaninawheelchair.5．WhatmadeMerlinthinkofskatingonshoes?A．Hiswork. B．Hisviolin.C．Ahugemirror. D．Animportantparty.6．WhatwasMerlin’sproblemafterherolledintotheroom?A．Hecouldn’tstophisroller-skating.B．Hecouldn’tattractalotofattention.C．Hecouldn’tmakeeveryonerememberhim.D．Hecouldn’tplaytheviolinwhilerolling.第II卷（非選擇題）二、語法填空（每空2分，共20分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式,Manypeoplemayaskwhywespendsomuchtimeandmoneyonspacetechnologiesthatwillsendusintospaceandhelpusexploreplanetsinthe____7____(distant)while,athomeonEarth,wealreadyhavesomanychallengesinneedofsolutions.Actually,thedevelopmentofspacetechnologieshasalreadybenefitedEarthin____8____(many)waysthanone.Forexample,theGPSsystemhashelpedustoreduceenergyuseonsea,landandintheairbyupto35%.Othertechnologies____9____(adapt)fromspaceusehavealsohelpedustoreducegreenhousegasemissions(排放),____10____affectenvironmentsacrosstheglobe.Oneofthebestexamplesissolarpower.It____11____(create)byNASAinthe1950sforitsspacelabs.Nowadays,ithasbeenwidelyusedintheworld____12____(replace)coalandoilinordertocutgreenhousegasemissions.Notonlycanspacetechnologiesprotectsociety____13____climatechange,buttheycanalsohelp____14____extremelywiderangeofEarth-basedservicesandindustries.Andinthenext5to20years,wewillseemoreadvancedspacetechnologiesmake____15____(they)marksinourdailylives.Inshort,spacetechnologiesareaveryimportantpartofoursociety.Aswefurtherexplorethespace,thenewtechnologiesneededtodosowill____16____(great)benefitourlivesdownonEarthandhelpustoimproveoursocietyandsafeguardourplanet,too.三、短文改錯(cuò)（每空2分，共20分）17．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Whyarepeoplesointerestingindreams?Manycultureshavestoriesofdreamsthatpredictthefutureorchangedhistory.Canwereallylearnsomethingbystudyingdreams?Biologistssaythatdreamsaresimpleachemicalreactioninthebrain.Ifthey’reuseful,itisonlyrelatedtostudythehumanbrain.Scientistshavefoundthatwhenpeopledorememberdreams,whichtheyoftenhaveanegativeemotionsuchasfear,anxietyorshame.Ifeveryonedreamsaboutsamethings,doesthatmakethemmoreandlessimportant?Weonlydreamabouttwohoursanight.Andeventhoughsomepeoplehaveuptosevendreamsanight,theyusuallydon’trememberitunlesssomethingwakethemupduringthedream.四、uint3詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（每空2分,共30分）associationn.聯(lián)合；聯(lián)想；交往→____1____vt.聯(lián)想；使聯(lián)合→__2______adj.關(guān)聯(lián)的；聯(lián)合的attachvt.&vi.系上，縛上→____3____n.附件；依戀flexibleadj.靈活的；可變通的；易彎曲的→______4__adv.靈活地；易曲地→____5____n.靈活性；彈性selectvt.挑選；選擇→____6____n.選擇；挑選；選集expectationn.[U,C]預(yù)料；預(yù)期；期待→____7____vt.期待；預(yù)料inspirevt.鼓舞；激發(fā)→_____8___adj.令人振奮的；激勵(lì)人的；鼓舞人心的→_____9___adj.有創(chuàng)見的；有靈感的→_____10___n.靈感；鼓